Showing posts with label religion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label religion. Show all posts

April 20 - Freedom of Religion in New Amsterdam!

Posted on April 20, 2020

I don't ever want to hear this: "They killed Jesus!"

One of the awful and ironic tragedies of the Christian religion is that Jesus's death - even though it was Roman soldiers who carried out the execution - is often blamed on the Jewish leaders who (according to the story) asked that he be put to death. 

And then somehow many Christians blame ALL Jews for his death. Even though Jesus himself was a Jew! Plus, his disciples and supporters were all Jews!


It seems that too many people use any excuse (no matter how unreasonable or counter-factual) to hate other people.

Hatred of Jews is called anti-semitism, and history has seen far too much of it. 



But today's historical anniversary is a little bit of positivity in the story of anti-semitism:

When Portuguese forces conquered Recife, in Brazil, in 1654, the Jewish people of Recife faced oppression. Several Jewish families fled Brazil aboard a ship, but in the Caribbean they either ran into a storm and were stranded in Spanish Jamaica, or their ship was was attacked by a Spanish pirate (I've seen different reports!). Whatever happened, those Jews were fearful of facing the Spanish Inquisition - which was big-time religious bigotry, in which non-Catholics were forced to convert or die. 

The Jews of Recife, Brazil, in the 1600s: various
groups went to Dutch and English colonies in South
America and the Caribbean Sea, one group went to
the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, and the bulk of
the Recife Jews went all the way back to the Netherlands.


The 23 desperate Jews were finally allowed to sail to a Dutch colony in North America. They hoped to find a welcome there - a place where they could worship as Jews, settle and work and become a community.

That Dutch colony - called New Amsterdam - was ruled by Director Peter Stuyvesant, and he did not welcome the Jews. Their perilous journey had resulted in them coming pretty empty handed, and Stuyvesant thought they would become a drain on the colony. 



This logo of the Dutch West India
Company appeared on its flags.
However, under pressure from Jewish folks living in the Netherlands, leaders of the Dutch West India Company ordered that the Jews be given refuge in the colony.



"Refuge" means shelter, a safe place. "Refugees" are people who need shelter because they had to flee their homes to escape harm or death.

The Jewish families settled in New Amsterdam, and their freedom to worship their own religion was safeguarded on this date in 1657.

One of the 23 Jews from Recife, Asser Levy, was the first Jew known to own a home anywhere in North America.

Asser Levy Public Baths, located on Asser Levy Place in
Manhattan, NYC. This facility is named after Asser Levy, one
of the most prominent of New York Cities early Jewish citizens.

In 1664, the British invaded the colony of New Amsterdam.  The Brits took over and renamed the town New York. 




Nowadays New York has grown to be the largest city in the U.S. and one of the most important cities in the world! It's also the city with the most Jewish citizens in America.

Also nowadays: many of us push back whenever we spot anti-semitism.  






May 13 - Gospel Day in Tuvalu

Posted on May 13, 2019

(Monday that follows the second Sunday in May)

The spread of a particular religion can look to outsiders like the spread of anything else: the spread of a particular clothing style, the spread of a particular music style, the spread of popular culture, even the spread of an idea like "people should have the power to choose their leaders." 


The spread of popular culture includes things like fast
food. I can imagine that some people in the world see
that kind of spread as almost a kind of contagious disease!
In every case, the thing being spread can "mutate" or change as it spreads - sometimes adopting local customs and holidays, sometimes adapting to local conditions. 

Also, in every case, the new thing being spread can replace older religions or styles or ideas - and that can be something that people get concerned about! They ask, "What about our old ways?" They might even look at the spread of a religion, fashion, or idea as a kind of infection from outsiders!


In Tuvalu, the old ways were Polynesian beliefs: the worship of ancestors, multiple gods, and stories of the creation of their islands and the founding ancestors of each island. Because these stories involve te Pusi, the Eel, the people of Tuvalu do not eat Moray eels. 



However, now Tuvaluans are almost entirely members of the Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu. (And when I say "almost entirely," I mean about 97%.) Most of the remaining 3% are Christian of other kinds, although there are tiny percentages that are Baha'i and Muslim. I do not know if anyone in Tuvalu now regrets the abandonment of the old religions - but I'm pretty sure that some people back in the late 1800s, when Christian missionaries first arrived on Tuvalu, did get upset at the change.

Gospel Day is about the day in 1861 that the "Christian Gospel" arrived. The deacon of a Congregational Church in Cook Islands was caught in a storm and drifted, lost, for eight weeks before washing ashore one of the islands of Tuvalu. 

He must have liked what he saw:





Tuvalu is made up of three reef islands and six atolls (ring-shaped coral reefs that had grown around islands that eroded away or subsided below the surface of the water, so that the islands no longer exist other than the coral-based rings!). 
The Hawaiian islands are not labeled but are
near the top right corner, above the words "North
Pacific Ocean." You can see that there are many
different island nations in the Pacific Ocean!

Tuvalu is located about halfway between Australia and Hawaii.









April 18 - Ask an Atheist Day

Posted on April 18, 2019


Today is not really about religion, even though it seems like it would be. 

Instead, today is about tearing down stereotypes. 

Picture several young people. They all look pretty nice - they're smiling, and their clothes are stylish and clean. One says, "I am a non-believer." One says, "I wasn't really raised in any religion." A third one says, "I'm an atheist."

Many people would take the first two as pretty normal and perfectly fine - but be startled and maybe even taken aback by the third. The word "atheist" makes many shudder, because they have been taught to fear and hate that word.

Yet all that "atheist" means is not having an active belief in any god.

The concept of God/s is pretty key to most religions. Religion is often described as the belief in and worship of one or more gods or other supernatural power. Some religions can be atheistic - Buddhism is a good example - but some scholars quibble and say that atheistic religions are not religions at all, but rather philosophies, ways of life, spiritual traditions.

Many people who have no particular religion still assume that there is some supreme being, a God located somewhere and everywhere, ruling the universe. But many people who answer "None" when asked for their religion do NOT believe in any god. They don't believe in the Christian / Jewish / Muslim god (who is supposedly the same god, named Jehovah or Yahweh, but usually just called "God" - note that "Allah" is not the name of a god, but the Arab word for "God"). They don't believe in Hindu gods such as Brahma, Shiva, Vishnu, and Krishna. They don't believe in Buddhist gods (some forms of Buddhism include belief in supernatural beings such as the "fierce deities"). They don't believe in the gods of ancient cultures such as Ancient Rome, Greece, China, or Egypt. They don't believe in Norse gods or Yoruba gods or Aztec gods or Inuit gods or Māori gods or the mother goddesses of Vietnam.



Some atheists point out that almost everybody knows what it feels like to not believe in particular gods - because they themselves do not believe in most of the gods in that list above. If there are about 2,500 gods worshipped in the world (and some say there are far, far more - maybe millions), these atheists point out that almost everyone rejects the existence of most of those gods. So atheists just reject the existence of one more.

Ask an Atheist Day is a day when a few atheists wear buttons that say "I'm an atheist. Ask me anything." Some atheists will post the same statement and question online or on social media. The idea is to get polite dialogue going.


And hopefully to help people realize that the negative stereotypes of atheists are simply not true.

A look at some of the questions that atheists have gotten on April 18 in past years will show you what some of these negative stereotypes are:

"If you're an atheist, what's to prevent you from attacking or killing everyone you want? I mean, there is no moral reason not to, no eternal punishment, nobody watching!"
Lack of belief in any god is definitely not the same thing as lack of morals. Most morals have to do with having a nice life while not interfering with others' rights to have a nice life; AND, instead of interfering with others in a negative way, morals teach us to actively help others to achieve a good life. Most non-believers have high morals. They are kind and generous, they are loyal and peaceful, and although they slip up at times (like all of us), they try to do the right thing. 


Also, the laws of most nations enshrine those same values; assaulting and murdering people is against U.S. law (and other nations' laws) as well as what religious people might think of as "God's laws"). So that whole "there's no punishment; nobody watching" thing pretty much goes out the window! 
Some atheists point out that they DO attack and kill all the people they want. And the number of people they want to attack and kill is zero!


"The U.S. has 'In God we trust' right on the money. God is in the Constitution, and the Declaration of Independence, and the Pledge of Allegiance, and the national anthem. So how can an atheist be a good and patriotic American??"


First, should there be references to God on U.S. money and in the Pledge? After all, the United States is a pluralistic nation that was founded on the principle of the separation of religion from government! 

Also, the "In God we trust" motto and the "under God" part of the pledge are both relatively modern inventions (1956 and 1954). George Washington and Thomas Jefferson never thought to invent such a motto or pledge - and I assume you aren't questioning them as "good, patriotic Americans"? 

The national anthem is somewhat controversial - especially the rarely sung, rarely heard, and little known later verses. The familiar first verse does not mention God. 

More importantly, the United States Constitution does not mention God, not even in the Preamble.  

Also, by the way: a lot of good people in the world do not live in the United States. We might point out that being a "good, patriotic American" isn't the most important quality in a person...!


"I heard that atheists worship Satan and do awful things in ceremonies and rituals. Is that true?"

Atheists don't believe in or worship ANY supernatural being. Including Satan. So this one is really, really easy to answer with a firm "NO!"

I hope there will be lots of peaceful, respectful dialogue today! And maybe a few stereotypes torn down!