Showing posts with label Johnson. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Johnson. Show all posts

December 22 - Happy Birthday, Lady Bird Johnson

Posted on December 22, 2017

She's just famous because of her husband, right?

Like other FLOTUS (First Ladies of the United States), Lady Bird Johnson seems like a detail of her husband's biography. Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President, was the one who actually DID things of historical importance. 

Right?

As often happens, the answer is both negative and nuanced.

No, she is not just a footnote of her husband's story. As a matter of fact, without Lady Bird, LBJ might never have become president!

(Note that both Lyndon Baines Johnson and Lady Bird Johnson had the same initials. But when I say "LBJ," I mean Lyndon.)

The two LBJs.

Also, Lady Bird is not just a footnote because she made her own contributions - including, notably, the beautification of America's roads.

But of course, LBJ is the more famous of the two. Let's face it, during Lady Bird's lifetime, she was expected to take a supporting role.

But let's bring her into the limelight!

Born on this date in 1912, and named at that time Claudia Alta Taylor, Lady Bird got her unusual nickname from her nursemaid, who always said that she was a pretty as a ladybird. Lady Bird's siblings and father called her Lady (her mother died when she was young), and her classmates sometimes teased her by calling her Bird - but Lyndon Johnson also called her Bird!

Lady Bird Johnson was well educated for a woman of her time, and she had a good head for business. She had some inheritance money and was able to pay the costs of her husband's first campaign for Congress; she ran his office while he served in the Navy; she invested their earnings so well that she was able to turn a comfortable income into wealth - thanks to her investments, the Johnsons became millionaires. 

As to that claim that Lady Bird Johnson made her own contributions while serving as First Lady, she actually did some "firsts" while doing so. She was the first FLOTUS to interact directly with Congress, the first to hire her own press secretary and chief of staff, the first to make a solo tour on the election trail, and the first to hold the Bible as her husband took the oath of office. 

People often point out that she invented the modern role of a First Lady.

Lady Bird was able to make a difference with Southerners and helped to get John F. Kennedy elected President (and her husband as Vice President) in seven Southern states. Much later, as FLOTUS, she traveled on her own train through eight Southern states promoting the Civil Rights Act, giving 45 speeches in just 5 days!

The Highway Beautification Act Lady Bird promoted limited billboards and emphasized planting roadside areas. The act also called for the removal or screening of junk yards. 

This effort always reminds me of the book Miss Rumphius, by Barbara Cooney. In this fictional book, a woman plants lupine everywhere she goes in Maine in an effort to make the world more beautiful. 

By the way, beautiful roadsides do make a difference when you're traveling, for sure. I remember traveling in some places of the world where there were junked cars and litter along the sides of the roads, and it totally spoiled what the natural beauty of the landscape. Even sparsely vegetated places have a kind of barren beauty if they aren't all junked up!





August 27 – Happy Birthday, LBJ!

Posted on August 27, 2017

There are four kinds of elected positions in the federal (national-level) government of the United States:

President
Vice-President
Senator
and Representative

There are, of course, loads and loads of other appointed positions - everything from Supreme Court Justices and other federal judges to cabinet members and Congressional aides and chiefs of staff and communications directors....Well, I could go on and on! There are thousands of different kinds of appointed positions, and millions of folks who work for the federal government. 

But just four kinds of elected positions.



How many people, do you think, has held all four elected positions? 

I would imagine at least a handful. There have only been 40-something people (all men, so far - sigh!) who have ever been a U.S. president, and a lot of them were governors, not senators or representatives, before assuming the highest office in the land. Of course, some were never in any other elected office before winning the presidency (Eisenhower and Trump come to mind). But, still, a few must have climbed the ranks from Representative to Senator to V.P. to President. Right?

Actually, only one has ever been elected to all four positions!

And that is today's famous birthday, Lyndon Baines Johnson.

Born in a farmhouse in Texas on this date in 1908, Johnson was a high school teacher and a Congressional aide before he won his first office, in the House of Representatives, at age 29. He was elected to the Senate a decade after that, and he ran with presidential candidate John F. Kennedy, for the Vice Presidency, in 1960. When Kennedy was assassinated, Johnson was sworn in as president. Johnson won the presidential election of 1964 with a landslide.

Johnson was aggressive, even domineering, as he worked the angles with other lawmakers to get legislation passed. I would dislike that part of Johnson's personality a bit more if it wasn't for the fact that he used his aggressiveness to promote good for the country. He helped to expand civil rights, public broadcasting, Medicare and Medicaid, and he waged a War on Poverty. He worked to support education, the arts, and a variety of public services. 

Because he was domineering, many marginalized people fared better. Because he pushed and prodded and manipulated, the U.S. became a better place.

Johnson's downfall was his handling of the Vietnam War. That was a problem he inherited - when LBJ became president, there were already 16,000 American military personnel in Vietnam - and LBJ was following the initial desires of the American people and the recommendations of the military chiefs when he expanded war efforts and committed more troops - but let's face it: Johnson was the Commander in Chief. The buck stops with him, and the Vietnam War was a debacle. A lot of people died...a lot of people were badly injured...and for what?

Still, historians rank LBJ in the top 10 to 18 out of 43 presidents. (You may think that there have been 45 presidents, not 45, but Grover Cleveland is counted as President #22 and #24 because he served two non-consecutive terms, but he only gets one ranking as a president; also, even though it is pretty obvious that Trump is going to get low rankings, no president is ranked until after he has left office.) 


Soak up some LBJ wisdom:







 

Also on this date:

April 11 - Civil Rights Bill Signed!

Posted on April 11, 2017


On this date in 1968, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Fair Housing Act into law.

This followed years of effort and protests and demands by those who faced discrimination, especially by black Americans.

 






It's sad, but true: historically, people have needed the force of law to make society a bit fairer - not quite completely fair, yet, not completely just, but more fair and just than before civil rights bills were passed. 

Today's historical anniversary was a bill designed to stop (or at least lessen) discrimination in housing. It made it a federal crime to, by force or threat of force, injure, intimidate, or interfere with anyone's equal housing opportunities on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin.

Since 1968, housing discrimination on the basis of sex is also not allowed, and people with disabilities and families with children are also protected by subsequent additions.


Here are some forms of discrimination that are outlawed:

This is the kind of thing the Fair Housing Act
makes illegal!
You cannot refuse to sell or rent a house or apartment because of someone's race (etc.).

You cannot do shenanigans like jacking up the price for people of color, or favoring white folks with better terms.

You cannot indicate in an ad that you prefer a renters or buyers of a particular race (etc.).

You cannot intimidate potential buyers or renters, so that they will back out of the deal, on the basis of race (etc.).

If people feel that they are facing discrimination, they are encouraged to seek help in fixing the situation, either by complaining to the federal government or by starting a lawsuit.

Of course, there are all sorts of subtle ways in which discrimination still happens, including realtors only giving people of color information on houses and apartments in particular areas or casually steering them only to particular areas. We need more education in social justice, and we need strong enforcement of laws like the Fair Housing Act.





Here is an article with pretty clear writing about 10 important aspects of fair housing. This article doesn't discuss all the complexities of housing discrimination, of course, but it is a basic overview.



Also on this date:

Passover