Showing posts with label National Parks. Show all posts
Showing posts with label National Parks. Show all posts

September 7 - Happy Birthday, Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden


Posted on September 7, 2021


This is an update of my post published on September 7, 2010:


Born in 1829, the American geologist Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden did pioneering surveying expeditions of the Rocky Mountains in the late 19th century.

In other words, he studied the gorgeous, rugged Rockies!


I've taken several trips through the Rockies, and I love the land—the jagged peaks and glacial tors, the lakes and waterfalls and cascading streams, the elk and deer and moose, and especially the rustling aspens among the stately dark pines.



One omy favorite spots on Earth is Yellowstone, and Hayden not only did an early study of it, he helped convince Congress to set aside that land as a National Park.

Yeah, Hayden!






Hayden is acknowledged as having made the first discovery of dinosaur remains in North America. He found some isolated teeth during an exploration of the upper Missouri River. I don't know if he actually identified the teeth as belonging to dinosaurs. Later, many dinosaur skeletons were found in the West, and a couple of Great Dinosaur Rushes occurred as paleontologists rushed to be the best or to find the most.

But Hayden was first.



Celebrate Hayden!




  • Geysers are rare in the world—but not at Yellowstone! More than half of the entire world's geysers are in that one national park!


 
Learn about geysers using Alka-Seltzer and liquid soap or Diet Coke and Mentos.

 


 
(It's important to use Diet Coke, because the regular stuff is really sticky. Actually, it's important to do geyser experiments outside in a place that doesn't mind a gushing mess!)

  • It's fun to check out where different dinosaur fossils have been found. But remember that dinosaurs-in-general lived for about 165 MILLION years - more than 800 times longer than humans have been around!



  • Here is a gallery with illustrations of many different types of dinosaurs. Explore!

 






March 1 - Happy Birthday, Yellowstone National Park!

Posted on March 1, 2021

This is an update of my post published on March 1, 2010:



 
Yellowstone National Park was the first national park in the world. Established on this date in 1872, it features a beautiful lake, forests, a “Grand” canyon, waterfalls, exciting wildlife such as bison and bears, elk and moose...





...But Yellowstone is most famous for having lots and lots of fascinating thermal activity. There are rainbow-colored hot springs, steaming rivers and lakes, mud volcanoes, several thousand steam vents, and from 300 to 500 geysers— more than half of all the geysers in the world! 




Yellowstone has a LOT of geysers.

Yellowstone is mostly in the state of Wyoming, but parts spill over into Idaho and Montana. It is well worth even a long trek to see it! 



Yellowstone Caldera is the largest "supervolcano" in North America and one of the largest in the world. (A caldera is a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion or by the collapse of a volcanic cone.)

Most people think of a volcano as a mountain that sometimes blows its top; Mount Saint Helens in Washington with its 2-square-mile crater is a good example of that “typical” volcano. 

Mount Saint Helens, before and after blowing her top in 1980.


Yellowstone Caldera, which hasn't had a major eruption for hundreds of thousands of years, is a giant depression, not a mountain—but it, too, can be defined as a volcano! All 1,500 square miles of it! 

According to the U.S. National Park Service, fully half of the world's geothermal features (such as hot springs, mud pots, and geysers) are in Yellowstone. With 10,000 different features, no website can possibly show them all, but Terra Galleria has a lot of beautiful images. (After enjoying the thumbnails, and perhaps clicking your favorites to see a larger version, you might want to check out the “large format photos” and “panoramic photos” pages!) 




There are several "virtual tours" of Yellowstone on the internet. This website has links to GoogleEarth's flyover of Norris Basin plus and to various webcams. 

The National Park's website has a photo gallery, videos, and some virtual tours.

Watch geysers erupt on Yellowstone's webcams. 

Make a “geyser” at home! This YouTube video has an activity with soda and Mentos. Be sure to point out to your kids that what is going on in this activity is in no way related to actual geysers, which are created by hot water under pressure! (Also, notice that diet soda works better than sugary soda and is FAR less messy/sticky than “regular”!) 

Watch an animation that explains how geysers erupt. 

More than just geysers! Other features at Yellowstone include (as mentioned above) hot springs and mudpots. And there are terraces. And fumaroles. And and and...!

A fumarole is a hole from which steam and other (sometimes stinky) gases escape. Here are experiments to find out more about hot springs and fumaroles. BE SURE to read the entire instructions and follow those instructions carefully WITH AN ADULT! (Scroll down around halfway down the page to see the instructions.)