Altica

Altica oleracea, copyright Entomart.

Belongs within: Galerucinae.

Altica is a cosmopolitan genus of leaf beetles with a transverse depression across the base of the pronotum, longitudinal keels on the elytra, and hind femora that are enlarged but not swollen anteriorly.

Altica
    |--A. azurea Latreille in Boisduval 1835 B35
    |--‘Haltica’ caerulea RD77
    |--A. chalybeipennis Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
    |--‘Haltica’ cyanea J89
    |--‘Haltica’ daurica C01
    |--‘Haltica’ deserticola C01
    |--A. oleracea [=Galleruca oleracea; incl. A. australis] B35
    |--A. pagana LB91
    |--A. punctipennis Lucas 1847 E12
    |--A. ruficollis Lucas 1847 E12
    |--‘Haltica’ sajanica Csiki 1901 C01
    |--‘Haltica’ sibirica Csiki 1901 C01
    |--‘Haltica’ tamaricis C01
    |--A. viridicyanea Baly 1874 N13
    `--‘Haltica’ weisei [incl. H. laeviuscula] C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[J89] Jacoby, M. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVII.—List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 147–237.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[N13] Nadein, K. S. 2013. Febraina: a new subtribe of Alticini with cladistic analysis based on morphology (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Systematic Entomology 38 (3): 491–506.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

Aulacophora

Black cucurbit beetle Aulacophora frontalis, from Natureloveyou.sg.

Belongs within: Galerucinae.

Aulacophora is a palaeotropical genus of leaf beetles bearing a broad transverse depression across the rear of the pronotum, elytra that are explanate in the posterior two-thirds, and bifid claws.

Aulacophora LB91
    |--A. abdominalis LB91 [=Crioceris abdominalis G89]
    |--A. atripennis J89a
    |--A. flavomarginata J89b
    |--A. foveicollis J89a
    |--A. frontalis J89b
    |--A. hilaris LB91
    |--A. luteicornis J89b
    |--A. palliata J89a
    |--A. rosea [incl. A. albicornis] J89a
    `--A. similis J89b

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[J89a] Jacoby, M. 1889a. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVII.—List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 147–237.

[J89b] Jacoby, M. 1889b. List of the phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Signor Modigliani at Nias and Sumatra, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 278–287.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

Monolepta

Red-shouldered leaf beetle Monolepta australis, from Brisbane Insects.

Belongs within: Galerucinae.

Monolepta is a palaeotropical genus of leaf beetles with a pronotum lacking prominent depressions, non-striate elytra, spurred tibiae and simple or appendiculate claws.

Monolepta
    |--M. albofasciata Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. australis LB91
    |--M. bimaculata J89b
    |--M. clypeata Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. decemmaculata G89
    |--M. elegantula J89b
    |--M. flavofasciata Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. javana J89a
    |--M. lepida Reiche 1858 G89
    |--M. modesta Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. multimaculata Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. orientalis Jacoby 1889 J89a
    |--M. quadronotata J89b
    `--M. signata J89a

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[J89a] Jacoby, M. 1889a. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVII.—List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 147–237.

[J89b] Jacoby, M. 1889b. List of the phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Signor Modigliani at Nias and Sumatra, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 278–287.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

Chrysomeloidea

Air potato leaf beetle Lilioceris cheni, copyright Richard Crook.

Belongs within: Coleoptera.
Contains: Megalopodidae, Cerambycidae, Donacia, Sagrinae, Cassida, Colaspoides, Colasposoma, Nodostoma, Crioceris, Lema, Acanthoscelides, Bruchus, Hispinae, Cryptocephalini, Clytrini, Galerucinae, Chrysomelini.

The Chrysomeloidea are a diverse clade of beetles containing the families Chrysomelidae, Cerambycidae and allies. Members of this clade have pseudotetramerous tarsi and antennae lacking a club. The Chrysomelidae, leaf beetles, mostly feed on living plant tissue. Members include the Bruchinae, seed-feeding species with a somewhat rostrate head that superficially resemble weevils in appearance. The Chrysomelinae are generally ovate beetles characterised by a truncate clypeus whose larvae feed externally and are often armed with repugnatorial glands. The Cryptocephalinae usually have a strongly hypognathous head that is deeply inserted into the prothorax. The Eumolpinae have larvae that are found in soil and probably feed on plant roots (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Smaller families within the Chrysomeloidea include the Oxypeltidae, a group of metallic-coloured woodboring beetles found in southern South America (Bouchard 2014).

<==Chrysomeloidea GE05
    |--+--+--Megalopodidae M05
    |  |  `--Oxypeltidae MW15
    |  |       |--Oxypeltus quadrispinosus B14
    |  |       `--Cheloderus B14
    |  |            |--C. childreni Gray 1832 B14
    |  |            `--C. penai B14
    |  `--+--+--Cerambycidae MW15
    |     |  `--+--Rutpela MW15
    |     |     `--+--Vesperidae [Vesperinae] LL20
    |     |        |    |--Vesperus B14
    |     |        |    |    |--V. gomezi Verdugo 2004 F05
    |     |        |    |    `--V. luridus (Rossi 1794) B14
    |     |        |    `--Philus LL20
    |     |        |         |--P. antennatus [incl. P. inconspicuus] P66
    |     |        |         |--P. globulicollis P66
    |     |        |         |--P. pallescens Bates 1866 B66
    |     |        |         `--P. rufescens Pascoe 1866 P66
    |     |        `--Dorcasominae B14
    |     |             |--Apatophysis [Apatophyseinae] MW15
    |     |             |    `--A. serricornis (Gebler 1843) [=Pachyta serricornis; incl. A. mongolica] B14
    |     |             `--Capnolymma B14
    |     |                  |--*C. stygia Pascoe 1858 B14
    |     |                  `--C. capreola Pascoe 1866 P66
    |     `--+--Anoplodermatinae [Anoplodermatidae] MW15
    |        |    |--Migdolus MW15
    |        |    `--Hypocephalus [Hypocephalini] B14
    |        |         `--H. armatus Desmarest 1832 B14
    |        `--Orsodacnidae MW15
    |             |  i. s.: Orsodacne C01
    |             |           |--O. cerasi C01
    |             |           |--O. chloradica [=Megalopus (Orsodacna) chloradicus] G20
    |             |           `--O. ruficollis [=Lema ruficollis] L02
    |             `--Aulacoscelidinae B14
    |                  |--Janbechynea B14
    |                  `--Aulacoscelis B14
    |                       |--A. appendiculata Cox & Windsor 1999 B14
    |                       `--A. melanocera B14
    `--Chrysomelidae B14
         |  i. s.: Pseudomegamerus grandis GE05, P02
         |         Eucolaspis brunnea WFS04
         |         Oreina cacaliae AM07
         |         Arnomus brouni T27
         |         Nesaecrepidia BHM08
         |         Protoscelis GE05
         |         Protosceloides GE05
         |         Pseudocolaspis G89
         |           |--P. albostriata G89
         |           `--P. setosa Lucas 1846 E12
         |         Eurydemus oculatus Chap. 1879 G89
         |         Physimera DL99
         |         Cheilotoma musciformis F05
         |           |--C. m. musciformis F05
         |           `--C. m. hispanica Medvedev 2004 F05
         |         Haemonia WP99
         |         Gastrophysa viridula V09
         |         Pachybrachys C01
         |           |--P. fimbriolatus C01
         |           `--P. hieroghyphicus [incl. P. hieroghyphicus var. tristis] C01
         |         Stylosomus flavus C01
         |         Adoxus C01
         |           |--A. obscurus C01
         |           `--A. villosulus C01
         |         Gastroidea C01
         |           |--G. polygoni [incl. G. polygoni var. ruficollis] C01
         |           `--G. viridula C01
         |         Entomoscelis C01
         |           |--E. adonidis C01
         |           `--E. orinalis F92
         |         Xenomela heydeni C01
         |         Paropsides duodecimpustulatus C01
         |         Hydrothassa glabra C01
         |         Sternoplatys weisei Csiki 1901 C01
         |         Melasoma C01
         |           |--M. collaris [incl. M. collaris var. daurica] C01
         |           |--M. lapponica C01
         |           |--M. populi C01
         |           `--M. tremulae R13
         |         Rhaphidopalpa chinensis C01
         |         Malacosoma collaris C01
         |         Phyllobrotica C01
         |           |--P. quadrimaculata B56
         |           |--P. signata C01
         |           `--P. unicolor J89a
         |         Luperus C01
         |           |--L. flavipes C01
         |           |--L. flavovittis J89a
         |           |--L. malachiodes B37
         |           |--L. placidus B37
         |           `--L. rflavipennis Lucas 1847 E12
         |         Lochmaea C01
         |           |--L. birmanica Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--L. capreae C01
         |           |--L. rugosa [=Galerucella rugosa] J89a
         |           `--L. suturalis F92
         |         Adimonia C01
         |           |--A. incisicollis C01
         |           |--A. mongolica Csiki 1901 C01
         |           |--A. pomonae C01
         |           |--A. sedakovi C01
         |           |--A. tanaceti C01
         |           `--A. violacea Lucas 1849 E12
         |         Pallasia absinthii C01
         |         Ochrosis salicariae C01
         |         Chalcoides C01
         |           |--C. aurata C01
         |           |--C. cyanea C01
         |           |--C. helxines [incl. C. helxines var. fulvicornis] C01
         |           `--C. metallica C01
         |         Mantura rustica [incl. M. rustica var. suturalis] C01
         |         Capraita B14
         |         Platymela sticticollis B14
         |         Spilopyra [Spilopyrinae] B14
         |           `--S. sumptuosa Baly 1860 B14
         |         Syneta [Synetinae] B14
         |           |--S. adamsi B14
         |           `--S. betulae (Fabricius 1792) B14
         |         Zeugophora [Zeugophorinae] B14
         |           |  i. s.: Z. flavicollis C01
         |           `--Z. (Zeugophora) B14
         |                |--Z. (Z.) scutellaris Suffrian 1840 B14
         |                `--Z. (Z.) subspinosa B14
         |         Lamprosomatinae [Lamprosomatini] B14
         |           |--Lamprosoma B66
         |           |    |--L. alienum Bates 1866 B66
         |           |    `--L. concolor B66
         |           `--Oomorphus B14
         |                |--O. concolor (Sturm 1807) B14
         |                `--O. japanus B14
         |         Donacia B14
         |         Sagrinae B14
         |         Cassidinae [Cassidini] MT11
         |           |--Cassida B88
         |           |--Hemisphaerota cyanea (Say 1824) B14
         |           |--Meroscalcis selecta LB91
         |           |--Aspidomorpha LB91
         |           |--Brontispa B14
         |           |    |--B. longissima (Gestro 1885) B14
         |           |    `--B. simonthomasi Gressitt 1960 B14
         |           |--Dicladispa B14
         |           |    |--D. armigera (Olivier 1808) B14
         |           |    `--D. birendra Maulik 1919 B14
         |           `--Acromis B14
         |                |--A. sparsa (Boheman 1854) B14
         |                |--A. spinifex B14
         |                `--A. venosa B14
         |         Eumolpinae [Eumolpidae] MT11
         |           |--Eka M30
         |           |--Typophorus C68
         |           |--Trichochrysea hirta (Fabricius 1801) MT11
         |           |--Malegia Lefevre 1883 MT11
         |           |--Colaspoides MT11
         |           |--Cleorina aeneomicans (Baly 1867) MT11
         |           |--Colasposoma MT11
         |           |--Phytorus dilatatus Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |--Apolepis MT11
         |           |--Lepidocolaspis MT11
         |           |--Chloropterus B14
         |           |--Edusella abdominalis LB91
         |           |--Geloptera LB91
         |           |--Tomyris LB91
         |           |--‘Nephus’ Jacoby 1889 non Mulsant 1846 J89b
         |           |    `--*N. femoratus Jacoby 1889 J89b
         |           |--Chalcolema Jacoby 1890 MT11
         |           |    `--C. fulvicornis (Jacoby 1889) [=Platycorynus fulvicornis] MT11
         |           |--Leprotoides MT11
         |           |    |--L. flavipes Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |    `--L. hitamtitik Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |--Aoria Baly 1863 MT11
         |           |    |--A. nigripes (Baly 1860) MT11
         |           |    `--A. quinquemaculata Bates 1866 B66
         |           |--Tricliona MT11
         |           |    |--T. oculata Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    `--T. sulcatipennis Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |--Pagria MT11
         |           |    |--P. flavopustulata Baly 1874 MT11
         |           |    `--P. sumatrensis Lefevre 1887 MT11
         |           |--Nodina MT11
         |           |    |--N. baliana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--N. chalcosoma J89a
         |           |    `--N. fulvitarsis Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |--Xanthonia Baly 1863 [incl. Icogramma Weise 1922] MT11
         |           |    |--X. insularis Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--X. lineigera (Weise 1922) MT11
         |           |    `--X. minuta Pic 1929 MT11
         |           |--Abirus MT11
         |           |    |--A. flavopilosus Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |    |--A. harmandi J89a
         |           |    `--A. piceipes J89b
         |           |--Aulexis MT11
         |           |    |--A. elongata J89a
         |           |    |--A. pallida (Lefevre 1887) MT11
         |           |    `--A. tibialis Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--Basilepta MT11
         |           |    |--B. flavescens (Motschulsky 1866) [incl. Nodostoma beccarii Jacoby 1884] MT11
         |           |    |--B. nigromarginata (Jacoby 1896) MT11
         |           |    `--B. simplex (Jacoby 1884) MT11
         |           |--Scelodonta MT11
         |           |    |--S. dillwyni (Stephens 1831) MT11
         |           |    |--S. nitidula J89b
         |           |    `--S. strigicollis J89a
         |           |--Eumolpus L02
         |           |    |--E. cyanellus Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |           |    |--E. pretiosus L02
         |           |    |--E. quattuorpunctatus L02
         |           |    `--E. vitis [=Cryptocephalus (Eumolpus) vitis] G20
         |           |--Chrysochus B14
         |           |    |--C. asclepiadeus C01
         |           |    |--C. auratus (Fabricius 1775) B14
         |           |    |--C. cobaltinus B14
         |           |    `--C. pulcher J89a
         |           |--Pachnephorus MT11
         |           |    |--P. canus B14
         |           |    |--P. cylindricus Lucas 1846 E12
         |           |    |--P. porosus Baly 1878 MT11
         |           |    `--P. tessellatus (Duftschmid 1825) B14
         |           |--Rhyparida MT11
         |           |    |--R. armata Jacoby 1889 J89b
         |           |    |--R. bimaculata Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |    |--R. microdentata Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--R. morosa B70
         |           |    `--R. nigrosignata Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |--Callisina MT11
         |           |    |--C. fasciata Baly 1860 MT11
         |           |    |    |--C. f. fasciata MT11
         |           |    |    |--C. f. baliana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |    `--C. f. javana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    `--C. quadripustulata J89a
         |           `--Platycorynus Chevrolat 1837 MT11
         |                |--P. approximans Baly 1864 MT11
         |                |--P. fraternus (Baly 1964) MT11
         |                |--P. hijau Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |                |--P. lefevrei (Jacoby 1895) MT11
         |                |--P. rufescens Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |                `--P. rufipennis Pic 1934 MT11
         |         ‘Aletes’ Chapuis 1874 nec Rafinesque 1815 nec Carpenter 1857 N47
         |         Systena B56
         |         Oxygona B56
         |         Pseudodisonycha turquinensis Blake 1956 B56
         |         Griburius larvatus AT01
         |         Bassareus croceipennis AT01
         |         Metachroma gracile Black 1937 B37
         |         Luperodes B37
         |           |--L. antillarum Blake 1937 B37
         |           |--L. alboplagiatus J89a
         |           |--L. duodecimmaculata Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--L. meraca B37
         |           |--L. piceicollis Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           `--L. scutellatus J89b
         |         Megistops B37
         |           |--M. adulta B37
         |           |--M. fictor B37
         |           |--M. lugubrina B37
         |           |--M. ornatus B37
         |           |--M. pretiosus B37
         |           |--M. quattuornotata B37
         |           |--M. rubropustulata B37
         |           `--M. tabebuiae Blake 1937 B37
         |         Paratrikona Spaeth 1923 B37
         |           |--P. lerouxi [=Trikona lerouxi] B37
         |           |--P. ovata Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--P. turrifera [=Trikona turrifera] B37
         |           `--P. turritella Blake 1937 B37
         |         Batonota Hope 1839 B37
         |         Akantaka Maulik 1916 B37
         |         Trikona Maulik 1916 B37
         |           `--T. humeralis B37
         |         Elytrogona nigrodorsata Blake 1937 B37
         |         Chalcosicya B38
         |           |--C. costata Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--C. ditrichota Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--C. maestrensis B38
         |           |--C. nana B38
         |           `--C. rotunda Blake 1938 B38
         |         Anisodera P92
         |         Chalepus P92
         |         Criocerina P92
         |         Electrolema P92
         |         Hadroscelus P92
         |         Inclusus P92
         |         Nodostoma P92
         |         Oposispa P92
         |         Protanisodera P92
         |         Sucinagonia P92
         |         Profidia Gresset 1963 P92
         |           `--*P. nitida Gresset 1963 P92
         |--+--Criocerinae MT11
         |  |    |--Crioceris MW15
         |  |    |--Stethopachys formosa LB91
         |  |    |--Lema LB91
         |  |    `--Lilioceris B14
         |  |         |--L. cheni Gressit & Kimoto 1961 B14
         |  |         |--L. egena B14
         |  |         |--L. lilii B14
         |  |         `--L. nigripes LB91
         |  `--Bruchinae [Bruchidae, Lariidae, Mylabridae] MW15
         |       |--Caryedes brasiliensis GE05
         |       |--Caryoborus pallidus B88
         |       |--Acanthoscelides SJ73
         |       |--Spermophagus cardui C01
         |       |--Bruchus LB91
         |       |--Sennius morosus G05
         |       |--Mesolaria longala Zhang 1986 RJ93
         |       |--Caryedon B14
         |       |    |--C. abdominalis B14
         |       |    `--C. serratus (Olivier 1790) B14
         |       |--Rhaebus [Rhaebini] B14
         |       |    |--R. ammoni B14
         |       |    `--R. mannerheimi Motschulsky 1845 B14
         |       |--Callosobruchus LB91
         |       |    |--C. chinensis N57
         |       |    `--C. maculatus RCT07
         |       |--Stator G05
         |       |    |--S. limbatus G05
         |       |    `--S. pruininus G05
         |       |--Pachymerus RD77
         |       |    |--P. chinensis RD77
         |       |    `--P. dactris O49
         |       `--Bruchidius F05
         |            |--B. incarnatus TG96
         |            |--B. lyndhurstensis LB91
         |            `--B. niger Anton 2004 F05
         `--+--+--Hispinae MW15
            |  `--Cryptocephalinae [Camptosomata, Clytrinae] MW15
            |       |  i. s.: Aporocera ZS10
            |       |         Fulcidax monstrosa (Fabricius 1798) B14
            |       |         Leasia LB91
            |       |         Neochlamisus MW15
            |       |         Lachnabothra QI93
            |       |         Prasonotus QI93
            |       |         Loxopleurus B70
            |       |--Cryptocephalini MW15
            |       |--Clytrini SW07
            |       `--Chlamisus [Chlamisini] LB91
            `--+--Galerucinae MW15
               `--Chrysomelinae B14
                    |  i. s.: Leptinotarsa B14
                    |           |--L. decemlineata Say 1824 B14
                    |           `--L. juncta B14
                    |         Sterromela trimaculata LB91
                    |         Phratora B14
                    |           |  i. s.: P. frosti B14
                    |           |         P. hudsonica B14
                    |           `--P. (Phyllodecta) B14
                    |                |--‘Phyllodecta’ longula C01
                    |                |--P. (P.) polaris (Schneider 1886) B14
                    |                |--‘Phyllodecta’ vitellinae C01
                    |                `--‘Phyllodecta’ vulgatissima [incl. P. vulgatissima var. obscura] C01
                    |         Chlamys L02
                    |           |--C. cristata [=Cryptocephalus (Chlamys) cristatus] G20
                    |           |--C. formosana Bates 1866 B66
                    |           |--C. gibba [=Clythra gibba] L02
                    |           |--C. monstrosa [=Clythra monstrosa] L02
                    |           |--C. plicata [=Clythra plicata] L02
                    |           `--C. tuberosa L02
                    |         Colaspis L02
                    |           |--C. australis d’Urville in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. barbarus [=Cryptocephalus (Colapsis) barbarus] G20
                    |           |--C. corinthius Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. epichloris Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. flavicornis L02
                    |           |--C. striatopunctata d’Urville in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. surinamensis (Linnaeus 1758) L02, L58 [=Chrysomela surinamensis L02]
                    |           `--C. varipes Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |         Orina RD77
                    |         Phaedon RD77
                    |           |--P. armoraciae C01
                    |           `--P. cochleariae H91
                    |         Phytodecta RD77
                    |           |--P. chrysomeloides Jacoby 1889 J89a
                    |           |--P. formicata R13
                    |           |--P. linnaeana (see below for synonymy) C01
                    |           |--P. rufipes C01
                    |           `--P. viminalis R13
                    |--Chrysomelini MW15
                    `--Timarcha [Timarchini] B14
                         |--T. punica Lucas 1847 E12
                         `--T. tenebricosa (Fabricius 1775) B14

Phytodecta linnaeana [incl. P. linnaeana var. decostigma, P. linnaeana var. nigricollis, P. linnaeana var. orientalis] C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AM07] Acosta, L. E., & G. Machado. 2007. Diet and foraging. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R., G. Machado & G. Giribet (eds) Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones pp. 309–338. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[AT01] Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) 2001. American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[BHM08] Baert, L., F. Hendrickx & J.-P. Maelfait. 2008. Allozyme characterization of Hogna species (Araneae, Lycosidae) of the Galápagos Archipelago. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 411–417.

[B66] Bates, H. W. 1866. On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 339–355.

[B37] Blake, D. H. 1937. Ten new species of West Indian Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 39 (4): 67–78.

[B38] Blake, D. H. 1938. Eight new species of West Indian Chrysomelidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (2): 44–52.

[B56] Blake, D. H. 1956. Three new Neotropical flea beetles. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (5): 142–144.

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C68] Crowson, R. A. 1968. Concerning immunotaxonomy of Coleoptera. Systematic Zoology 17 (1): 95–97.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[DL99] Dyer, L. A., & D. K. Letourneau. 1999. Relative strengths of top-down and bottom-up forces in a tropical forest community. Oecologia 119: 265–274.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso “Esploratore” dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[G05] Grissell, E. E. 2005. A review of North American species of Microdontomerus Crawford (Torymidae: Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 14 (1): 22–65.

[H91] Hokkanen, H. M. T. 1991. Trap cropping in pest management. Annual Review of Entomology 36: 119–138.

[J89a] Jacoby, M. 1889a. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVII.—List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 147–237.

[J89b] Jacoby, M. 1889b. List of the phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Signor Modigliani at Nias and Sumatra, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 278–287.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[LL20] Lee, S., & S. Lee. 2020. Multigene phylogeny uncovers oviposition-related evolutionary history of Cerambycinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 145: 106707.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M30] Maulik, S. 1930. Chrysomelid Coleoptera of the subfamilies Eumolpinae, Galerucinae, and Halticinae from the Seychelles and other islands of the western Indian Ocean. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 141: 21–22.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[MT11] Medvedev, L. N., & H. Takizawa. 2011. Leaf beetles of the subfamily Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Bali, Indonesia. Serangga 16 (1): 7–27.

[M05] Mohamedsaid, M. S. 2005. Temnaspis lunduensis, a new species of Megalopodinae from Borneo (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Serangga 10 (1–2): 67–71.

[N47] Newell, I. M. 1947. A systematic and ecological study of the Halacaridae of eastern North America. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection 10 (3): 1–232.

[N57] Nicholson, A. J. 1957. The self-adjustment of populations to change. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 22: 153–172.

[O49] Oliver, A. P. 1949. The fatty acid composition of Hemideina thoracica White. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 321–324.

[P66] Pascoe, F. P. 1866. Catalogue of longicorn Coleoptera collected in the island of Penang by James Lamb, Esq. Part II. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 504–536.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[P02] Ponomarenko, A. G. 2002. Superorder Scarabaeidea Laicharting, 1781. Order Coleoptera Linné, 1758. The beetles. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 164–176. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[QI93] Quicke, D. L. J., & S. N. Ingram. 1993. Braconine wasps of Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 33 (1): 299–336.

[RCT07] Ragusa Di Chiara, S., H. Tsolakis, E. Ragusa, G. Alonzo & F. Saiano. 2007. Effects of some botanical pesticides on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acariformes, Tetranychidae) and its predator Cydnodromus californicus (McGregor) (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) in laboratory trials. In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 347–354. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

[R13] Reuter, O. M. 1913. Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Insekten bis zum Erwachen der sozialen Instinkte. R. Friedländer & Sohn: Berlin.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[SW07] Schöller, M., & V. Witte. 2007. A review of the genus Clytrasoma Jacoby 1908, with description of a new species collected within a Camponotus sp. ant-nest (Insecta: Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae; Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 51–61.

[SJ73] Slobodchikoff, C. W., & C. D. Johnson. 1973. A phenetic and a phylogenetic approach to the classification of a genus of seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Systematic Zoology 22 (3): 280–294.

[TG96] Tadros, M. S., & B. B. A. Gobrial. 1996. Ecological studies of mites infesting grains, legumes, and their by-products in Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 651–655. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[T27] Thomson, G. M. 1927. The pollination of New Zealand flowers by birds and insects. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 106–125.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the Wild Fauna and Flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.

[WP99] Walter, D. E., & H. C. Proctor. 1999. Mites: Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

[WFS04] Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61–72.

[ZS10] Zborowski, P., & R. Storey. 2010. A Field Guide to Insects in Australia 3^rd ed. Reed New Holland: Sydney.

Last updated: 27 June 2021.

Clytrini

Clytrasoma balyi, from Agrain et al. (2015).

Belongs within: Chrysomeloidea.

The Clytrini are a group of leaf beetles whose larvae are commonly found in association with ant nests. Members of this group have a kotpresse usually composed of five sclerites with a flat central plate accompanied by two lateral sclerites with broadened horizontal terminations, and two well separated ventral sclerites with large apodemes (Schöller & Witte 2007).

<==Clytrini [Clytrinae] SW07
    |  i. s.: Diapericera Lacordaire 1848 [Eoclytrina] SW07
    |         Coleothorpa dominicana (Fabricius 1801) [=Coscinoptera dominicana] SW07
    |         Anomoea C68
    |--Coptocephala unifasciata (Scopoli 1763) SW07 [incl. C. unifasciata var. gebleri C01]
    `--+--Clytra SW07
       |    |  i. s.: C. laeviuscula (Ratzeburg 1837) SW07
       |    `--C. (Clytra) B14
       |         |--C. (C.) aliena B14
       |         `--C. (C.) quadripunctata (Linnaeus 1758) B14
       `--+--+--Tituboea sexmaculata (Fabricius 1781) SW07
          |  `--+--Lachnaia paradoxa (Olivier 1808) SW07
          |     `--+--Macrolenes Chevrolat 1837 SW07
          |        |    `--M. dentipes (Olivier 1808) SW07
          |        `--Labidostomis Germar 1817 SW07
          |             |--L. bipunctata (Mannerheim 1825) SW07
          |             `--L. sibirica C01
          `--+--Smaragdina limbata (Stéven 1806) SW07
             `--Clytrasoma Jacoby 1908 SW07
                  |--C. (Clytrasoma) SW07
                  |    |--*C. (C.) palliatum (Fabricius 1801) (see below for synonymy) SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) balyi Monrós 1953 [incl. Clytra distiguenda Baly 1865, Clytrasoma distiguendum] SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) bistripunctatum Medvedev 1999 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) brivioi Takizawa 1990 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) celebensis Medvedev 1999 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) conformis (Lacordaire 1848) (see below for synonymy) SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) laosensis Pic 1928 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) laysi Medvedev 2002 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) maschwitzi Schöller in Schöller & Witte 2007 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) mediofasciatum Pic 1934 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) mohamedsaidi Medvedev 1999 SW07
                  |    |--C. (C.) nathani Pic 1943 SW07
                  |    `--C. (C.) tonkineum Pic 1934 SW07
                  `--C. (Clytromorpha Achard 1920) SW07
                       |--C. (*C.) decumanum (Illiger 1800) (see below for synonymy) SW07
                       |--C. (C.) aequinoctialis (Lacordaire 1848) (see below for synonymy) SW07
                       |--C. (C.) annulipes Pic 1952 SW07
                       |--C. (C.) connectens (Jacoby 1895) [=Clytra connectens] SW07
                       `--C. (C.) militaris (Jacoby 1895) (see below for synonymy) SW07      

Clytrasoma (Clytrasoma) conformis (Lacordaire 1848) [=Clythra conformis; incl. Clytrasoma conformis var. octomaculatum Pic 1932] SW07

*Clytrasoma (Clytrasoma) palliatum (Fabricius 1801) [=Clythra palliata, Clytra palliata; incl. Clytrasoma ceylonensis Jacoby 1908, Clytrasoma donckieri Pic 1932, Clytrasoma gibbosum (Vigors 1826), Clytrasoma marginatum Pic 1932, Clytrasoma quadrisignatum Pic 1937, Clytrasoma palliatum var. reductum Pic 1932, Clytrasoma palliatum var. rufithorax Pic 1932, Clytrasoma palliatum var. subobliterarum Pic 1932, Clytra palliata ab. transversum Illiger 1802] SW07

Clytrasoma (Clytromorpha) aequinoctialis (Lacordaire 1848) [=Clytra aequinoctialis; incl. Clytrasoma aequinoctialis var. favareli Achard 1920, Clytrasoma aequinoctialis var. inhumeralis Achard 1920] SW07

Clytrasoma (*Clytromorpha) decumanum (Illiger 1800) [=Clytra decumana; incl. Clytrasoma decumanum ab. anthracinum Achard 1920, Clytrasoma decumanum ab. conjugatum Achard 1920, Clytromorpha decumana var. crampeli Pic 1932, Clytrasoma decumanum ab. inapicalis Achard 1920, Clytrasoma decumanum ab. jacobyi Achard 1920, Clytrasoma decumanum ab. lacordairei Achard 1920, Clytrasoma decumanum ab. nigerrimum Achard 1920] SW07

Clytrasoma (Clytromorpha) militaris (Jacoby 1895) [=Clytra militaris; incl. Clytrasoma militaris var. jacobyi Pic 1952] SW07

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C68] Crowson, R. A. 1968. Concerning immunotaxonomy of Coleoptera. Systematic Zoology 17 (1): 95–97.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[SW07] Schöller, M., & V. Witte. 2007. A review of the genus Clytrasoma Jacoby 1908, with description of a new species collected within a Camponotus sp. ant-nest (Insecta: Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae; Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 51–61.

Cryptocephalini

Cryptocephalus decemmaculatus, copyright Stanislav Krejčík.

Belongs within: Chrysomeloidea.
Contains: Cryptocephalus (Burlinius).

The Cryptocephalini are a group of leaf beetles whose larvae feed on dead leaves accumulated on the ground and protect themselves within a case composed of faeces and debris (Lawrence & Britton 1991). The genus Cryptocephalus is one of the largest genera recognised in the animal kingdom, with close to 1800 species found worldwide.

<==Cryptocephalini SW07
    |--Acolastus Gerstaecker 1855 SW07
    |--Mylassa Stål 1857 SW07
    |--Cadmus aurantiacus LB91, QI93
    |--Ditropidus LB91
    |--Isnus [Monachulina] SW07
    |    `--I. petasus Selman 1962 SW07
    `--Cryptocephalus Geoffroy 1762 ES06
         |  i. s.: C. aeneipennis Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. asturiensis Heyden 1870 BN04
         |         C. aureolus Suffrian 1847 BN04
         |         C. australis Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. bilineatus [incl. C. bilineatus var. armeniacus] C01
         |         C. bipunctatus C01
         |         C. birmanicus Jacoby 1889 J89
         |         C. cantabricus Franz 1958 BN04
         |         C. carnifex B70
         |         C. consors Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. cordiger C01
         |         C. convergens Sassi 2001 BN04
         |         C. crucicollis Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. elegantulus C01
         |         C. flavipes [incl. C. flavipes var. nigrescens] C01
         |         C. globicollis Suffrian 1847 BN04
         |         C. globus Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. haematodes Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. hypochaeridis (Linné 1758) BN04
         |           |--C. h. hypochaeridis BN04
         |           |--C. h. cristula Dufour 1843 BN04
         |           `--C. h. transiens Franz 1949 BN04
         |         C. indicus J89
         |         C. janthinus C01
         |         C. labiatus C01
         |         C. laevicollis C01
         |         C. monochroa Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. moraei C01
         |         C. multiplex J89
         |         C. ocellatus C01
         |         C. parentheticus LB91
         |         C. quadriguttatus C01
         |         C. rubiginosus [incl. C. gigas] B35
         |         C. sannio [incl. C. interjectus] J89
         |         C. sexpustulatus C01
         |         C. speciosus d’Urville in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |         C. swinhoei Bates 1866 B66
         |         C. tibialis Brisout 1866 BN04
         |         C. tricinctus J89
         |         C. trifasciatus J89
         |         C. unifasciatus Jacoby 1889 J89
         |         C. violaceus Laicharting 1781 BN04
         |         C. zambanellus B14
         |--C. (Cryptocephalus) ES06
         |    |--*C. (C.) decemmaculatus (Linnaeus 1758) ES06
         |    `--C. (C.) sericeus (Linné 1758) G20, BN04 (see below for synonymy)
         `--C. (Burlinius) ES06

Cryptocephalus (Cryptocephalus) sericeus (Linné 1758) G20, BN04 [incl. C. sericeus var. coeruleus C01, C. sericeus var. pratorum C01]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BN04] Baselga, A., & F. Novoa. 2004. La colección del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid) de Cryptocephalus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) de los grupos de C. sericeus (Linné, 1758), C. hypochaeridis (Linné, 1758) y C. violaceus Laicharting, 1781. Graellsia 60 (1): 95–99.

[B66] Bates, H. W. 1866. On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 339–355.

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[ES06] Erber, D., & M. Schöller. 2006. Revision of the Cryptocephalus-species of the Canary Islands and Madeira (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (1): 85–107.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[J89] Jacoby, M. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVII.—List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 147–237.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[QI93] Quicke, D. L. J., & S. N. Ingram. 1993. Braconine wasps of Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 33 (1): 299–336.

[SW07] Schöller, M., & V. Witte. 2007. A review of the genus Clytrasoma Jacoby 1908, with description of a new species collected within a Camponotus sp. ant-nest (Insecta: Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae; Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 51–61.

Last updated: 22 November 2020.