ὥσπερ οὖν ἡγεμόνι: the λόγος is treated as a living being, to whose guidance one can trust himself. It is the principle from which all other moral regulations proceed.
οὗτος: finds its explanation in καὶ . . . τεθνάναι.
34 f. For the conclusion, cf. Phaedo 114 c ἀλλὰ τούτων δὴ ἕνεκα χρὴ ὧν διεληλύθαμεν πᾶν ποιεῖν, ὥστε ἀρετῆς καὶ φρονήσεως ἐν τῷ βίῳ μετασχεῖν: καλὸν γὰρ τὸ ἆθλον καὶ ἡ ἐλπὶς μεγάλη.