τοὺς λόγους, ‘speeches’, ‘oratorical displays’, as in E. 4, 76.
τοὺς φιλοσοφοῦντας: i.e. in particular those who cultivate eloquence which is a part of φιλοσοφία.
πλεονεξίας, ‘selfish ends’; see note on πλεονεκτεῖν, E. 11.
διατριβάς: see note on διατρίβειν, E. 31.