© Cheryl Bolen
Burlington House, located on London's busy Piccadilly near
the Piccadilly Circus, is now seen by thousands who view exhibits there of the
Royal Academy.
But the former aristocratic home is significantly altered
from what it was when Richard Boyle, the 3rd Earl of Burlington, engaged
Scottish architect Colin Campbell to redesign it in 1718 when the earl was 26. Indeed,
the earl's home significantly altered the previous home there, built in 1667 by
the 1st Earl of Burlington. The 1st earl engaged William Kent to design the
baroque interiors, some of which remain today.
Campbell's Burlington House, seen from Picadilly, 1700's
During the 1st earl's lifetime, Burlington House was a hub
for artists, including Handel, who reportedly lived there for three years, Swift,
and Pope.
The 3rd earl succeeded at age 10. (See my previous blogs on
the 3rd Earl of Burlington in "Chiswick House: Quintessentially
Georgian" http://cherylsregencyramblings.wordpress.com/?s=chiswick+house
and "The Grand Tour" http://cherylsregencyramblings.wordpress.com/?s=the+grand+tour.)
Campbell was heavily influenced by Italian Andrea Palladio—whom
the earl also came to emulate when he designed his Chiswick House as a
Thames-side villa.
Burlington House was one of a handful of London residences
that were constructed on large plots of land with outbuildings. (I've
previously blogged on Devonshire House and Albany, both located on Piccadilly near
Burlington Houston, and both of which were on large plots set back from the
street.) The main house is some distance away from the Victorian archway into
the forecourt in front of the house.
Campbell's Palladian main house remains today, but a third
story was added in Victorian times. Also added in Victorian times was the
building, centered by a huge open arch, which lines the sidewalk on Piccadilly.
This building houses the various "learned societies" which occupy the
site and is not open to the public.
The earl's estate passed to his grandson, the Duke of Devonshire,
who never resided there. In 1815, the 6th Duke of Devonshire sold Burlington
House to his uncle Lord George Cavendish, and Lord George built the adjacent
Burlington Arcade (see my previous blog).
In 1854, the property was sold for £140,000 to the British
government, which eventually leased it to the Royal Academy for 999 years. It
also was chosen to house five "learned societies."
Victorian addition to Burlington House, now the Royal Academy, fronts Piccadilly
The main house's John Medejski Fine Rooms, often open free
to the public, were restored in 2004 to what they would have looked like when
The Earls of Burlington lived there. I have had the good fortune of viewing
these lovely rooms, which include some designed by Kent 300 years ago. For
those planning a trip to London, I would suggest seeing The Royal Academy on
the weekends, when more rooms are open.
Interiors, The John Madejski Fine Rooms at Burlington House (Royal Academy)
See
www.CherylBolen.com for more of my articles and links to my blog.
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