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Proprietary Jails

Nonfree (proprietary) software is very often malware (designed to mistreat the user). Nonfree software is controlled by its developers, which puts them in a position of power over the users; that is the basic injustice. The developers and manufacturers often exercise that power to the detriment of the users they ought to serve.

This typically takes the form of malicious functionalities.

The “jails” are malicious operating systems that are designed to impose censorship of which applications the user can install. The image of the iPrison illustrates this issue.

These systems are platforms for censorship imposed by the company that owns the system. Selling products designed as platforms for a company to impose censorship ought to be forbidden by law, but it isn't.

This page lists a few jails, along with some of the methods they use to censor apps, and includes specific examples of apps that were blocked using this censorship power.

If you know of an example that ought to be in this page but isn't here, please write to <webmasters@gnu.org> to inform us. Please include the URL of a trustworthy reference or two to serve as specific substantiation.

Apple

  • 2022-07

    Shortcuts, a built-in scripting app on Apple devices, doesn't give you complete freedom to share scripts (a.k.a. “shortcuts”). Exporting a script as a file requires an Apple ID, and may be subjected to censorship by Apple.

    In this situation (and many others), switching from iPhony/iBad to a freedom respecting device gives you both convenience and freedom. The assumption that you must sacrifice convenience to get freedom is often wrong. Jails are inconvenient.

  • 2021-09

    Apple has made it impossible to load Navalny's tactical voting app into an iPhone in Russia.

    It is impossible because (1) the iPhone refuses to load apps from anywhere other than Apple, and (2) Apple has obeyed a Russian censorship law. The first point is enforced by Apple's nonfree software.

  • 2019-04

    Apple plans to require that all application software for MacOS be approved by Apple first.

    Offering a checking service as an option could be useful and would not be wrong. Requiring users to get Apple's approval is tyranny. Apple says the check will only look for malware (not counting the malware that is part of the operating system), but Apple could change that policy step by step. Or perhaps Apple will define malware to include any app that the Chinese government does not like.

    For free software, this means users will need to get Apple's approval after compilation. This amounts to a system of surveilling the use of free programs.

  • 2008-03

    iOS, the operating system of the Apple iThings, is the prototype of a jail. It was Apple that introduced the practice of designing general purpose computers with censorship of application programs.

    Here is an article about the code signing that the iThings use to lock up the user.

    Curiously, Apple is beginning to allow limited passage through the walls of the iThing jail: users can now install apps built from source code, provided the source code is written in Swift. Users cannot do this freely because they are required to identify themselves. Here are details. While this is a crack in the prison walls, it is not big enough to mean that the iThings are no longer jails.

Examples of censorship by Apple jails

  • 2021-08

    The Russian communications watchdog tells Google and Apple to remove Navalny's app from their stores.

    Because Apple controls what a user can install, this is absolute censorship. By contrast, because Android does not do that, users can install apps even if Google does not offer them.

  • 2020-08

    Apple is putting the squeeze on all business conducted through apps for iMonsters.

    This is a symptom of a very big injustice: that Apple has the power to decide what software can be installed on an iMonster. That it is a jail.

  • 2019-10

    Apple has banned the app that Hong Kong protesters use to communicate.

    Obeying the “local laws” about what people can do with software is no excuse for censoring what software people can use.

  • 2019-10

    Apple censors the Taiwan flag in iOS on behalf of the Chinese government. When the region is set to Hong Kong, this flag is not visible in the emoji selection widget but is still accessible. When the region is set to mainland China, all attempts to display it will result in the “empty emoji” icon as if the flag never existed.

    Thus, not only does Apple use the App Store as an instrument of censorship, it also uses the iThing operating system for that purpose.

  • 2019-05

    Users caught in the jail of an iMonster are sitting ducks for other attackers, and the app censorship prevents security companies from figuring out how those attacks work.

    Apple's censorship of apps is fundamentally unjust, and would be inexcusable even if it didn't lead to security threats as well.

  • 2017-10

    Apple is censoring apps for the US government too. Specifically, it is deleting apps developed by Iranians.

    The root of these wrongs is in Apple. If Apple had not designed the iMonsters to let Apple censor applications, Apple would not have had the power to stop users from installing whatever kind of apps.

  • 2017-07

    Apple deleted several VPNs from its app store for China, thus using its own censorship power to strengthen that of the Chinese government.

  • 2017-01

    Apple used its censorship system to enforce Russian surveillance by blocking distribution of the LinkedIn app in Russia.

    This is ironic because LinkedIn is a surveillance system itself. While subjecting its users to its own surveillance, it tries to protect its users from Russian surveillance, and is therefore subject to Russian censorship.

    However, the point here is the wrong of Apple's censorship of apps.

  • 2017-01

    Apple used its censorship system to enforce China's censorship by blocking distribution of the New York Times app.

  • 2016-05

    Apple censors games, banning some games from the cr…app store because of which political points they suggest. Some political points are apparently considered acceptable.

  • 2015-09

    Apple banned a program from the App Store because its developers committed the enormity of disassembling some iThings.

  • 2015-09

    As of 2015, Apple systematically bans apps that endorse abortion rights or would help women find abortions.

    This particular political slant affects other Apple services.

  • 2015-06

    Apple has banned iThing applications that show the confederate flag. Not only those that use it as a symbol of racism, but even strategic games that use it to represent confederate army units fighting in the Civil War.

    This ludicrous rigidity illustrates the point that Apple should not be allowed to censor apps. Even if Apple carried out this act of censorship with some care, it would still be wrong. Whether racism is bad, whether educating people about drone attacks is bad, are not the real issue. Apple should not have the power to impose its views about either of these questions, or any other.

  • 2014-12

    More examples of Apple's arbitrary and inconsistent censorship.

  • 2014-05

    Apple used this censorship power in 2014 to ban all bitcoin apps for the iThings for a time. It also banned a game about growing marijuana, while permitting games about other crimes such as killing people. Perhaps Apple considers killing more acceptable than marijuana.

  • 2014-02

    Apple rejected an app that displayed the locations of US drone assassinations, giving various excuses. Each time the developers fixed one “problem”, Apple complained about another. After the fifth rejection, Apple admitted it was censoring the app based on the subject matter.

Microsoft

Game consoles

No game can run on the console unless the console's manufacturer has authorized it. Alas, we can't find a article to cite as a reference for this fact. Please inform us if you know of one.