Medieval Kings
King John of England
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Showing posts with label 1200. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 1200. Show all posts
Wednesday, October 9, 2013
Kings of Medieval Times....
This is a really cools site I found with all kinds of information on Medieval Times .... Found HERE .......
Step back into history get Medieval facts and information about the famous people, life and
events of Medieval Times via the
Medieval Life and Times Sitemap
Step back into history get Medieval facts and information about the famous people, life and
events of Medieval Times via the
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The Story of King John (the first) Plantagenet
(Ancestor says he's my 24 x Great Grandfather - by my calculations, he's my 26 x Great Grandfather, at least on this particular line I am looking at, but I know he's in my tree more than once.)
When John, the last child of the great Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine was born on Christmas Eve, 1167 at Beaumont Palace in Oxfordshire, his father jokingly nick-named him Sans Terre or Lackland, as there was no land left to give him. It seems ironic then, that John Lackland was eventually to inherit the entire Angevin Empire.
John incurred further opposition through his infatuation with Isabella of Angouleme, the twelve year old daughter of Count Aymer of Angouleme and Alix de Courtenay. She had been betrothed to Hugh de Lusignan, although the marriage had been delayed because of her extreme youth. The unprincipled John stole the enchanting Isabella from under Hugh's very nose.
The King turned his attention to administration and justice in England, having inherited some of his famous father's administrative ability and restless energy. Pope Innocent III was annoyed at John's interference in the election of an Archbishop of Canterbury in 1205, a quarrel ensued, resulting in England being placed under an interdict, no church services could be held for six years. In 1209, the difficult John himself was excommunicated. The English barons were entering into plots against him, and John wisely made peace with the Pope. In May, 1213 he agreed to hold England as a fief of the papacy.
Faced with an armed revolt which may have cost him his kingdom, the king was forced into compliance. At Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15th June 1215, he signed the historic Magna Carta or Great Charter. The Charter curtailed royal power in matters of taxation, justice, religion and foreign policy.
King John
1199-1216
The Early Life of John
When John, the last child of the great Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine was born on Christmas Eve, 1167 at Beaumont Palace in Oxfordshire, his father jokingly nick-named him Sans Terre or Lackland, as there was no land left to give him. It seems ironic then, that John Lackland was eventually to inherit the entire Angevin Empire.
A born cynic, with a puckish sense of humour, feckless, treacherous and entirely without scruple, he was possessed of some of the restless energy of his father and was prone to the same violent rages but unlike his father, John was unstable and cruel and a thoroughly flawed character. His deep distrust of others sometimes verged on paranoia. After eight hundred years, John remains the maverick of the House of Plantagenet.
Originally brought up for a career in the church, he had been placed at the Abbey of Fontevrault in Anjou, as an oblate, while still in early childhood, to which the young John reacted rebeliously. He was educated by Ranulf de Glanvill, his father's Chief Justiciar. Henry II hoped to improve his youngest son's prospects, by betrothing him, at the age of nine, to a wealthy heiress, his second cousin, Isabella of Gloucester. Isabella was the granddaughter of Robert, Earl of Gloucester, the illegitimate son of Henry I. The couple were duly married when John was 21 but the marriage failed to produce children.
Henry II attempted to make his favourite son King of Ireland. The adolescent John and his companions alienated the Irish chieftains who came to pay him homage, mocking their clothes and pulling their beards, resulting in rebellion against his rule and he was forced to leave Ireland. A fickle character, in his youth John conspired against both his father and his brother Richard for his own gain. During Richard's absence on the Third Crusade, John had attempted to overthrow his justicar, William Longchamp. In the course of returning from his crusade, Richard was captured by Leopold V, Duke of Austria, and imprisoned by the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry VI. England had to raise a huge ransom for the return of its king. On his release in 1194, Richard readily forgave his younger brother for plotting his overthrow.
John's appearance
In appearance, John was nothing like his tall and majestic brother Richard. He was five feet five inches in height, as opposed to Richard's six feet four inches. Although his height may be considered short by modern standards, it was not considered so in his own time, when men were considerably shorter. He was stockily built as his father had been. He is reputed to have spent a fortune on rich clothing and jewels.
Reign
John succeeded to the throne at the age of thirty-two, on the death of Richard the Lionheart in 1199. Arthur of Brittany, the son of his deceased elder brother, Geoffrey, had an arguably better claim, but Richard was reported to have announced John his heir on his deathbed. John acted promptly, siezing the royal treasury at Chinon. His coronation took place on Ascension Day, 1199. The shrewd Phillip Augustus, in accordance with his policy of weakening the Angevin Empire by creating division amongst the Plantagenets, supported Arthur's claim and attacked Normandy.
John incurred further opposition through his infatuation with Isabella of Angouleme, the twelve year old daughter of Count Aymer of Angouleme and Alix de Courtenay. She had been betrothed to Hugh de Lusignan, although the marriage had been delayed because of her extreme youth. The unprincipled John stole the enchanting Isabella from under Hugh's very nose.
His first marriage to Isabella of Gloucester had been declared invalid, since they were related within the prohibited degrees. Hugh de Lusignan, incensed, joined forces with Phillip and Arthur, forming a coalition against the King of England. It was said that John was so besotted with his young bride that he refused to rise from bed until well after noon.
The Rebellion of Arthur of Britanny
True to his policy of causing dissension amongst the Angevins, Phillip Augustus recognised Arthur's claim in May 1200 Treaty of Le Goulet. In attempt to take Anjou and Maine, the teenage Arthur of Brittany besieged his octagenarian grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, at Mirabeau. Eleanor sent an urgent message for aid to her son John and succeeded in drawing out the negotiations for as long as possible. John responded with uncharacteristic speed and came to her rescue, in the process taking both Arthur and Hugh prisoner. Arthur was imprisoned at Falaise Castle in Normandy.
King John attempted to make peace with his young nephew, on a visit to Rouen in 1203, he promised Arthur honours if he would separate himself from Phillip Augustus and adopt his uncle's cause. Arthur, proud, indignant and unbowed by his imprisonment, responded by demanding his rightful inheritance and unwisely warned John that he would never give him a moments peace for the rest of his life.
John "much troubled", responded by ordered him to be blinded and castrated, an order which Hubert de Burgh, Arthur's custodian, refused to carry out. By late 1203 rumours were circulating that the young Duke was dead. Phillip, seeing an opportunity to create further trouble, demanded that Arthur be produced. It appears that by this time Arthur was already dead, said to have been killed by John himself in a drunken rage. A contemporary chronicler states 'After King John had captured Arthur and kept him alive in prison in the castle of Rouen....When John was drunk and possessed by the devil, he slew (Arthur) with his own hand and tying a heavy stone to the body, cast it into the Seine.'
John also imprisoned Arthur's sister, Eleanor, known as the Fair Maid of Brittany. She was to remain a prisoner for the rest of her life. She died in 1241, during the long reign of John's son, Henry III.
The Loss of the Angevin Empire
Hugh de Lusignan, the slighted fiancee of Isabella of Angouleme had sought redress from his overlord Phillip Augustus, who promptly summoned John to the French court to answer for his actions. John refused to comply and accordingly, Phillip, acting under feudal law, claimed those territories ruled by John as Count of Poitou and declaring all John's French territories except Gascony forfeit, he invadedNormandy. Chateau Gaillard, Richard's impregnable castle, fell to the French after a long siege in 1203, it was followed by the rest of Normandy. John, his resources exhausted, was forced to flee the smoking rubble of his father's once great French Empire.
Eleanor of Aquitaine entered the Abbey of Fontevrault, where she took the veil. She died there on 1st April, 1204, aged eighty-two, a remarkable age for the time. Eleanor had slipped into a coma, according to the annals of Fontevrault she 'existed as one already dead to the world'. She was buried at Fontevrault beside the tombs of the husband who had imprisoned her and whom she had hated and her beloved and favourite son, Richard.
Welsh Affairs
In 1205 whilst he was fighting to recover his French territories, the King married his illegitimate daughter, Joan, then aged around fifteen, to Llywelyn the Great, or Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Prince of Gwynedd (circa 1173-1240) An astute political manipulator, Llywelyn then did homage to John for all his Welsh possesions. Joan was John's daughter by a mistress known only as Clemence.
In 1209 Prince Llywelyn accompanied John on his campaign into Scotland. Llywelyn went on to steadily increase his influence in Wales and conquered southern Powys in 1208. John became concerned at the growth of his son-in-law's power and viewed it as a theat to his own authority in the province. When Llywelyn attacked the lands of the Earl of Chester in 1210, John threw his support behind the latter.
The king marched into Wales with an army, receiving the support of many of the other Welsh princes, he marched toward Deganwy. Llywelyn's army employed the classic guerilla tactic of retreating to the hills, and taking the supplies with them. John had made no provision for supplying Deganwy Castle by sea, and was therefore forced to return to England or face starvation.
John returned to Wales within three months, with a well provisioned army, crossing the River Conway, he encamped on the Menai Strait, penetrating deep into the heart of Gwynedd. Llywellyn sent his wife, Joan, John's daughter, to sue for peace. The king imposed humiliating terms on his son-in-law, and annexed the area of North Wales known as the Four Cantrefs, installing Gerard d'Athée and two other mercenary captains into the southern marches.
Llywelyn capitalized on growing Welsh resentment against John, and led a revolt against him, which received the blessing of Pope Innocent III. By 1212 Llywelyn had regained the Perfeddwlad and burned a castle erected by John at Ystwyth.
Llywelyn's revolt delayed John's planned invasion of France, Llywelyn formed an alliance with John's enemy, King Phillip Augustus of France, later allying himself himself with the discontented English barons who were in rebellion against him. In 1215 he marched on Shrewsbury and captured the town with little resistance. Over the following three years Llywelyn extended his power base into South Wales, becoming without doubt the single most powerful figure in Wales.
John's daughter, Joan died in 1237 at Garth Celyn and Llywelyn suffered a paralytic stroke later in the same year. He died at the Cistercian Abbey of Aberconwy, his own foundation, on 11th April, 1240 and was buried there. His stone coffin was later removed to the parish church of Llanwrst, where it can still be seen.
Magna Carta
The King turned his attention to administration and justice in England, having inherited some of his famous father's administrative ability and restless energy. Pope Innocent III was annoyed at John's interference in the election of an Archbishop of Canterbury in 1205, a quarrel ensued, resulting in England being placed under an interdict, no church services could be held for six years. In 1209, the difficult John himself was excommunicated. The English barons were entering into plots against him, and John wisely made peace with the Pope. In May, 1213 he agreed to hold England as a fief of the papacy.
Eventually, John was met with the full force of his baron's grievances, they demanded their "ancient liberties" and the renewal of Henry I's Coronation Charter.
Faced with an armed revolt which may have cost him his kingdom, the king was forced into compliance. At Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15th June 1215, he signed the historic Magna Carta or Great Charter. The Charter curtailed royal power in matters of taxation, justice, religion and foreign policy.The Death of John
Disputes with the barons, however, continued and they again rose in rebellion, they incurred the aid of Phillip Augustus of France, who sent his son, the Dauphin Louis (later Louis VIII), to attack England in support of the barons. While retreating before this incursion, King John attempted to avoid East Anglia, which was rebel territory and safely negotiated a route around the Wash, his baggage train, however, famously lost his treasure, including the Crown Jewels, in The Wash, due to an unexpected incoming tide.
Aggrieved and depressed at the loss, mourning his ill fortune and suffering severely from dysentery, he was carried to Newark Castle in a litter and a physician was sent for. He consoled himself with a "surfeit of peaches". John's condition worsened rapidly and he died at Newark on the wild stormy night of 18th October, 1216, leaving England in a state of anarchy and civil war. Rumours abounded at the time that the king had been poisoned. Matthew Paris was later to comment that "Foul as it is, Hell itself is defiled by the presence of John". Despite his obvious failings, evidence exists that John was not as bad as his posthumous reputation would seem to suggest.
King John was buried at Worcester Cathedral by the shrine of his favourite saint, the Saxon, St. Wulfstan, becoming the first of the Angevin kings to be buried in England. He was succeeded by his nine year old son who became Henry III. King Henry III later raised an effigy over his father's tomb.
When John's body was exhumed in 1797, he was found to have been buried in a damask robe and wearing gloves with a sword in his hands. The skeleton was measured at five feet, six inches and a half inches.
Isabella of Angouleme
Three years after his death, King John's widow, Isabella of Angouleme, married the fiancee of her youth, Hugh de Lusignan and they produced a large family.
The tomb of Isabella of Angouleme at Fontevrault Abbey
Isabella died in 1246 and as an act of contrition for misdeeds, was buried, of her own violition, in the churchyard at Fontevrault. Her son, King Henry III, on a later visit to Fontevrault, was shocked that she had been buried outside the Abbey. He ordered that her body be translated into the Abbey itself, where she was finally laid to rest by his grandparents, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
Copied from HERE ....
Friday, September 13, 2013
Notes on Mary (Wood) Line (Following the Wood Line)
Okay ...... so ...... here are some various notes for Mary Wood and their lines that I wanted to make sure I can go back and look at.
10 Nov. 1605 - 24 Mar 1676(70)
Possible:
F: John Wood (#1) : 13 Apr 1566 - 7 Dec 1635(69) - both Roydon, Essex, England
M: Jane (unknown)
Possible:
F: John Wood (#2) : 1578-1605(27)
M: Isabel Wood : 1582-1649(67)
both born and died in : Roydon, Essex, England
John Wood (#2) parents : F: Edmund Wood SR. 6 Mar 1546 - 1614(18)
M: Janet Hurst : 1550-1583 ......................... m: 4 Apr 1573
NOTE ON EDMUND AND JANET
This one was taken from HERE
From HERE and HERE *notice Richard Wood JR was married twice*
Richard Wood, Jr.
Annie Joanna Roper
Margaret Anne Wood (Ambler)
If both Richard and his first wife died the same year??? But these are just notes.... Maybe Annie and Margaret are the same person?
I'm going to continue Margaret's on another blog ....
Notes for RICHARD WOOD SR. From HERE and linked off there after
Richard Wood, Sr.
Christabell Washburn (Umn)
Christopher Wood
Margaret C. Wood (Umn)
John Atte Atte Wode
Knight of the Shire in 1459 means he was called to Parliament. This Parliament deposed King Henry, was a member of Parliment in 1459 and built Sanderstead Court about that time
Isabella Atwood (Mulys)
Isabelle Atte Wode (DeMules)
John Atte Wode
Petronilla Atte Wode (atte-wode)
Peter Att Atte Wode (atte-wode)
About Peter Atte Wode Genealogy & History: The surname came from ancient Anglo-Saxon culture. An older form of the name is de Wyckhurst, recorded in 1204, according to family history. Atte wode means at the wood, and those bearing the name would have lived at the edge of a forest. In 1279 Peter Atte Wode purchased a 220-acre estate known as Wood Place, and the Atte Wodes joined the influential class of yeomen who became prominent landowners. Atwood genealogy from the 1300s includes Sir William Atte Wode, who was Captain of the King's Guard at the Palace of Westminster under King Edward III.
Peter Atte Wode
About Peter Atte Wode He was probably born in Coulsdon in Surrey (now Greater London) according to Manning and Bray's History of Surrey. The precise date of his birth is not known, but it is presumed to have been sometime before 1325. His father was Geoffrey Atte Wode (Abt 1297-1346), a Sergeant at Arms to Edward III and his mother was Anisia. Peter and his wife, Laurencia, had at least one son who was also named Peter Atte Wode (Bef 1363-aft 1384) who was a Knight of the Shire and married Petronilla. On 15 Mar 1351 Peter Atte Wode and John De Roulegh along with seven others were appointed as "keepers" to the "joint commission for the peace and for labourers" in Surrey. This commission was formed in several counties in England to provide an enforcement enforcement for new laws that had been enacted to regulate labor and provide for peace after the Black Death decimated the population in 1348-49. On 15 Sep 1351 de Roulegh and Peter Atte Wode were removed from their positions on the commission as a result of complaints of impropriety by fellow commissioners. They were both tried and Peter Atte Wode was found to be innocent of the charges. De Rouglegh, however, was found guilty of extorting money from laborers, sent to prison and fined heavily. Peter became associated with William of Wykeham (1320-1404). His association with Wykeham undoubtedly enhanced his stature and helped increase his wealth. Jean Froissart (1337-1405), the famed chronicler of medieval England and France, says in his Chronicles (1395): "At this time reigned a priest called William of Wykeham. This William of Wykeham was so much in favor with the King of England, that everything was done by him, and nothing was done without him." Peter was jointly appointed a Justice in Eyre south of the Trent along with Wykeham on 13 Jul 1361, a position he held until about 1367. The Eyre Court was created to hear cases involving forest law in the Royal Forests of England. Wykeham eventually became the Bishop of Winchester, and was also the Chancellor of England under both Edward III and Richard II. William of Wykeham was appointed the King's Commissioner in charge of rebuilding Windsor Castle and Clerk of all the King's Works in his Manors of Henley-on-Thames (Oxfordshire) and Easthampstead (Berkshire). E. F. Atwood has found a reference in the Rotulorum to Peter acquiring a commission to rebuild a portion of Windsor Castle during this period (there is no indication which Rotulorum records were used by Atwood during his research). The Atte Wode's had been in the employ of King Edward III since at least 1341. By 1346 three members of the Atte Wode family were serving in his royal bodyguard as Sergeants-at-Arms, including his father Geoffrey Atte Wode, his grand father Sir William Atte Wode (who had been knighted by the king), and his uncle Richard Atte Wode. Jesse's Memorials of London describes his grandfather's service to Edward III as Captain of the Guard, and The London Letter Books describe Richard's role in moving the invasion fleet down the Thames in 1345 during the Hundred Years' War with France. Based on Peter's land transactions after the successful campaign in 1346, the Atte Wode's seem to have acquired a considerable amount of wealth during this time. E. F. Atwood speculates that this family's treasure was gained as a result of the English success during the war. Froissart makes this observation in his Chronicles: After the battle of Caen "the Englishmen were lords of the town three days and won great riches, the which they sent by barks and barges to Saint-Saviour by the river of Austrehem, two leagues thence, whereas all their navy lay." In 1346 Peter Atte Wode and his wife Laurencia recorded the first of many land transactions in Sanderstead in Surrey (now Greater London) and surrounding counties. This would begin a long association with the Atwood family in Sanderstead. While he owned land in several locations (including Woodmansterne acquired in 1360 and Chipstead Manor acquired in 1364), it seems likely that Peter lived at Wood Place in Coulsdon, the ancestral home; in 1350, he was licensed by the Bishop to maintain an oratory (a private chapel) at Wood Place. On 20 Dec 1382 Laurencia, now a widow, founded a chantry at Newark Priory (which was dissolved in 1538) and endowed a mass for the soul of Peter Atte Wode. Peter amassed a sizeable estate during his lifetime as the scattered records demonstrate, and he stands an example of the emerging new class of wealthy land owners in England who were not members of the aristocracy but grew wealthy through their association with the royal family. His ancestors would continue to acquire land, particularly in Surrey, construct the large manor house known as Sanderstead Court which is depicted in Neal’s Views, continue serve the royal family in a variety of positions, and also become elected as Knights of the Shire.
Laurencia Atte Wode (?)
Anisia Atte Wode
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Geoffrey Richard Atte Wode
Yvonne Anisia Atte Wode (Livingstone)
William Geoffrey Atte Wode, Sir
Juliana Juliana Atte Atte Wode (William)
Peter Atte Atte Wode
Alice Atte Wode
William Wyckhurst (Atte Wode)
Wyckhurst means "house of Wood", and in later years the the owners of "The Hooley House" were "Atte Wodes". Bought Hooley House, Conlsdon, surrey in 1204. A 40 Acre estate. Wyck means dwelling on wooded knoll.
Alice Wyckhurst (Fosse)
Alice Atte Wode (Umn)
Peter de Wyckhurst (DeWyckhurst)
About Peter de Wyckhurst (DeWyckhurst) 'Ye Atte Wode Annals' says: 'The first mention I find of the name Attwood is of an 'ancient family' at Wynolverley,' Worcestershire. Indeed, legend says this family was originally of Gael-Brython stock. When armorial bearing came into use, this family took a red field, sown with golden acorns and bearing a silver rampant lion. These arms, with often a variation to the number of acorns, are to be found in several other English counties. In Suffolk, the acorns are six; in Surrey, three. 'I find at least five other families with landed estates, named Atwood, whose arms show independent origin. But every Attwood in encyclopedias and histories at hand, who were of note as mathematicians, composers, lawyers, members of Parliament and professors in English Universities, are of a stock whose arms show them to trace from the family at Wolverley. More than half the English Attwood yeomanry were of this stock. 'A. D. 1203, one Peter de Wyckhurst bought outright from the Abbey of Chertsey, the 40 acre Estate in Coulsdon Parish, County Surrey, now known as Hooley House. Wick means dwelling and hurst is a wooded knoll, so Peter may well have been of 'Wood House,' and perhaps from Suffolk. 'The owner of so small an estate would not naturally make much of a mark in history and we would not know his successor, except that William Attewode, in 1278, signed a surety bond, as a yeoman of this parish. 'This is the first appearance of this surname in Surrey. The very next year finds Peter Atte Wode and wife Alice suing to record title to a 220 acre tract nearby, which is known today as Wood Place. Peter doubtless lived at Hooley House, for in 1313, he had the buildings and part of the land of Wood Place leased to one Roger de Bosco, or de Wood. It is merely assumed William was the son of Peter de Wyckhurst. He was the first one in Surrey to carry the name Attewode. The name Wyckhurst translated would mean "house of Wood", and in later years the owners of "The Hooley House" were Atte Wodes. The Hooley House estate was purchased in 1203 by Peter de Wyckhurst from the Abbey of Chertsey. William being an adult in 1278 problably with several years of maturity would be in the correct generation to be a son of Peter. PETER DE WYCKHURST was born about 1160 and married to UNKNOWN. HE WAS GRANTED A 36 ACRE TRACT OF LAND IN 1203, KNOWN AS HOOLEY HOUSE, FROM THE ABBEY OF CHERTSEY IN COULSDON PARISH. "WYCK", MEANT DWELLING PLACE OR HOME AND "HURST", WAS A WOODS, HENCE PETER OF THE HOME IN THE WOODS, AN EARLY FORM OF ATWOOD. THIS LAND IS LATER FOUND IN ATWOOD WILLS. THE NAME ATWOOD IS BELIEVED TO HAVE BEEN OF SAXON ORIGIN. RELIABLE SOURCES PLACE ITS BEGINNING AT COULSDON, A PARISH IN SURREY COUNTY, 12 MILES SOUTH OF LONDON AND ADJOINING CROYDON AND SANDERSTEAD. THE UNUSUAL COMPOUNDING OF THE PREPOSITION (ATTE) WITH THE NOUN (WUDU) DISTINGUISHES THE ATWOOD NAME FROM OTHER LOCAL NAMES. IN THE MAJORITY OF ENGLISH SURNAMES, THE PREPOSITION IS DISGUISED, UNLIKE THOSE OF FRENCH ORIGIN IN WHICH IT IS OBVIOUS AND FOUND IN NAMES LIKE DUBOIS AND DUPONT. THE FIRST RECORD OF THE NAME APPEARS IN THE 12TH CENTURY PIPE ROLLS AND IS SPELLED ATTEWODE. THESE ROLLS GIVE A DETAILED ACCOUNTING OF THE KING'S RECEIPTS AND RENTS, FINES AND PRIVATE EXPENDITURES AND IS ONE OF OUR MOST VALUABLE SOURCES OF NOMENCLATURE OF THE MIDDLE AND UPPER CLASSES OF ENGLISH CITIZENS. SINCE THERE WAS NO STANDARDIZED SPELLING OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE UNTIL AFTER THE 17TH CENTURY, ANCIENT RECORDS SHOW THE NAME IN MANY FORMS: ATTE WODE, DE WOODE, DEBOIS (FRENCH), DE BOSCO (LATIN), ATTE WOODD, ATTWOOD AND ATWOOD. IN CERTAIN DOCUMENTS OF WILLIAM PRYNNE (1600 TO 1699), AN ENGLISH PURITAN, THERE IS EVIDENCE OF REPEATED INTERCHANGE OF "WOOD" AND "ATWOOD" AS THE NAME OF ONE OF HIS CONSTITUENTS AT BATH. THE ATWOODS OF WORCESTERSHIRE OF SAXON TIMES, THE ATWOODS OF SUFFOLK OF EARLY NORMAN TIMES, THE ATWOODS OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE AND THE ATWOODS OF SURREY AND KENT, OUR LINE, ALL HAVE SIMILAR COAT OF ARMS, EXCEPT FOR THE NUMBER OF ACORNS IN THE FIELD. THUS IT WOULD SEEM THAT THERE MAY STEMMED FROM A COMMON ANCESTOR BACK IN THE DIM PAST WHERE RECORDS DO NOT REACH AND THE DIFFERENT NUMBER OF ACORNS WERE USED TO DESIGNATE THE COUSIN LINES OF THE FAMILY. IN ALL, 15 COAT OF ARMS WERE GRANTED TO THE ATWOOD NAME. THE "O" DOES NOT SEEM TO HAVE BEEN DOUBLED BEFORE THE 16TH CENTURY. IT WAS ALWAYS WRITTEN "WODE" WHEN DESIGNATED A "FOREST" IN POETRY AS WELL AS WHEN APPLIED TO ONE WHO LIVED NEAR OR "AT" A FOREST IN PROSE DOCUMENTS. IN THE TIME OF JOHN HEWSON ATWOODE (1520 TO 1562) THERE AS A WM. DE WODE OF KENT WHO WAS ALSO KNOWN AS WM. DE WUDE. COUNTY SURREY IS, ACCORDING TO THE ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, AN AREA OF FOREST, SWAMP, HEATH AND OPEN DOWNLAND. THE ROMANS PASSED THROUGH THE AREA AT THE TIME OF THE INVASION BY JULIUS CAESAR (55 BC). PERHAPS USING THE ANCIENT TRACT ALONG THE DOWNS, LATER KNOWN AS THE PILGRIM WAY. ROMANIZATION, HOWEVER, DIDN'T COME UNTIL THE TIME OF CLAUDIUS (43 AD) FOR THE NEXT FOUR CENTURIES SURREY WAS RULED BY THE ROMANS AND THOUGH ROMAN REMAINS ARE RELATIVELY FEW, LARGE SETTLEMENTS APPEAR TO HAVE BEEN AT SOUTHWORK, KINGTON UPON THAMES, PARLEY HEATH NEAR ALBURY AND AT WOODCOTE NEAR CROYDON. NO ROMAN TOWN SURVIVED THE SETTLEMENT OF SURREY BY THE SAXONS AND THERE ARE FEW PLACE NAMES OF ROMAN ORIGIN. SURREY WAS NEVER AN INDEPENDENT SAXON KINGDOM. THE NAME MEANS SOUTHERN DISTRICT. NEARLY ALL PLACE NAMES ARE OF SAXON ORIGIN, A LARGE PROPORTION ARE PAGAN. THE AREA HAD A VERY SMALL POPULATION COMPARED WITH NEIGHBORING COUNTIES. AS LATE AS THE 13TH AND 14TH CENTURIES THERE MUST HAVE BEEN A STRONG CONTRAST BETWEEN THE ECCLESIASTICAL DIGNITARIES, SHARING IN THE LIFE OF THE METROPOLITAN CITY. THE TOWN OF CHERTSEY, 22 MILES SOUTHWEST OF LONDON, IS SITUATED ON THE RIGHT BANK OF THE THAMES RIVER. CHERTSEY ABBEY WAS FOUNDED IN 666 A.D. BY ST. ERKENWALD WHO BECAME ITS FIRST ABBOT. BURNED DURING THE DANISH WARS, ABOUT 871 A.D. AND THE MONKS KILLED, IT WAS RE-ESTABLISHED FOR BENEDICTINES IN THE 10TH CENTURY. IT MAINTAINED A PROMINENT POSTION AND HELD MANY MANORS INCLUDING CHERTSEY, EGHAM, THORPE, CHOBHAM, EPSON, SUTTON AND COULSDON UNTIL IT WAS DISSOLVED IN 1537. DURING THE REIGN OF EDWARD THE CONFESSOR, GODWIN, EARL OF WESSEX, AND MEMBERS OF HIS FAMILY INCLUDING HAROLD, HELD MANY MANORS IN SURREY. AFTER THE BATTLE OF HASTINGS IN 1066, WILLIAM I, TOOK THESE FOR HIMSELF OR HIS NORMAN FOLLOWERS. FOLLOWING THE INSURRECTION OF THE 15TH CENTURY, SURREY UNDER THE TUDORS BECAME A COUNTRY OF ROYAL RESIDENCES. HENRY VII, REBUILT THE PALACE AT SHEEN, RENAMING IT RICHMOND. HENRY VIII AND ELIZABETH I, RESIDED THERE AND HENRY VIII RECIEVCED HAMPTON COURT FROM CARDINAL WOLSEY, JUST ACROSS THE THAMES. THIS BROUGHT COURT OFFICIALS TO THE VILLAGES, TO THE SURREY SIDE. AFTER THE DISSOLUTION OF THE MONASTERIES (1536\1539), HENRY BEGAN TO BUILD A FLAMBOYANT HUNTING LODGE IN SURREY, CALLED NONSUCH (LOCATED NEAR EWELL). THIS WAS BUILT PARTLY OF MATERIALS FROM THE DISSOLVED MONASTERY, MERTON, AND ON THE SITE OF THE VILLAGE OF CUDDINGTON WHICH HE HAD DESTROYED. STONES FROM WAVERLY ABBEY WERE USED IN BUILDING LOSELEY HOUSE. OATLANDS PALACE (WEYBRIDGE) HAD STONES FROM CHERTSEY ABBEY. THE REMAINS OF CHERTSEY ABBEY FELL INTO DECAY IN THE 17TH CENTURY AND FOR MANY YEARS ONLY THE GROUND PLAN WAS TRACEABLE. DURING SHAKESPEARE'S TIME, THE COUNTY OF SURREY COULD BOAST OF THE GLOBE THEATRE AT SOUTHWARK, AND TODAY OF RACECOURSES AT EPSON DOWNS, SANDOWN PARK AND LINGFIELD PARK AND OF THE ALL ENGLAND LAWN TENNIS CLUB AT WIMBLETON. BIRTH RECORDS WERE NOT KEPT IN THOSE DAYS EXCEPT TO PRESERVE TITLES OF KINGS AND OTHERS. HOWEVER, LAND TITLES, WILLS AND OTHER RECORDS HAVE BEEN FOUND. THE LAND WAS OWNED BY THE KING AND PUT UNDER THE CONTROL OF A LORD OR MEN OF OTHER TITLES OR WAS OWNED BY THE CHURCH UNDER THE CONTROL OF A BISHOP. THIS WAS THE MANOR SYSTEM. TO BECOME A YEOMAN OR A FREEHOLDER OF A SMALL PIECE OF LAND ONE HAD TO BE OF SOME SERVICE TO THE KING OR THE BISHOP. OVER THE YEARS THE ATWOODS SEEM TO HAVE SERVED BOTH. WHEN THE ATWOODS BEGAN TO ACQUIRE THEIR ESTATE, LONDON WAS A TOWN OF ABOUT 350,000 AND THE POPULATION OF ALL ENGLAND WAS NOT OVER THREE MILLION. TODAY MOST OF THAT ESTATE LIES WITHIN GREATER LONDON, BUT IN THE BEGINNING IT WAS JUST SOUTH ACROSS THE THAMES IN THE COUNTIES OF SURREY AND KENT. THEY HAD A HOME IN THE PARISH OF ST. MARTIN IN THE FIELDS, THEN A SUBURB OF LONDON, AND WENT OUT TO SANDERSTEAD IN SURREY, TO THEIR HOME IN THE COUNTRY. THE NAMES SANDERSTEAD, SANDERSTEAD MANOR, SANDERSTEAD COURT AND SANDERSTEAD PLACE ARE NOT EASILY IDENTIFIABLE IN THE SOURCES USED TO COMPILE THIS VOLUME AS A BEST GUESS, IT APPEARS THAT SANDERSTEAD MANOR CONSISTED OF MANY HYDES (FARMS), BUILDINGS AND DWELLINGS. IT WA CHURCH PROPERTY AT ONE TIME, BUT NOT NECESSARLILY A MONASTERY. SANDERSTEAD COURT WAS A LARGE MANSION AND PROBABLY WAS PART OF THE MANOR. ONE SOURCE STATES THAT IT WAS BUILT IN 1676 BY HARMAN ATWOOD, BUT OTHER SOURCES CLAIM THAT "SANDERSTEDE CORTE" EXISTED AS EARLY AS 1586. PERHAPS IT WAS REBUILT OR ADDED ONTO IN 1676. SANDERSTEAD PLACE WAS YET ANOTHER PRINCIPAL DWELLING ATTACHED TO THE MANOR. IT WAS BUILT ABOUT THE TIME HENRY CONFISCATED SOME OF THE CHURCH PROPERTY AND WA TORN DOWN NEAR THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY. 871 A.D. ... THE EARLIEST MENTION OF SANDERSTEAD IS FOUND IN SAXON CHARTERS AND IS MENTIONED IN THE WILL OF THE DUKE ALFRED (?AELFRID), WHERE IT IS SPELLED "SONDERSTEDE". THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME IS FROM "SOUDE" OR "STEDE" MEANING SANDY PLACE. THE CHARACTER OF THE SOIL IS OF A SANDY NATURE, A FEATURE VERY UNCOMMON TO THE AREA. 944\977 A.D. ... DURING THE REIGN OF KING EDGAR, ATHELFIEDA, WIFE AND QUEEN, DAUGHTER OF EARL ORDMAR, MOTHER OF ST. EDWARD, KNIG AND MARTYR, GAVE "SANDELSTEDE", WITH 18 HYDES AND CHURCH TO THE ABBEY OF HYDES. 1085 A.D. ... SHORTLY AFTER THE CONQUEST OF ENGLAND, WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR ORDERED AN INVENTORY OF ALL LANDS AND PROPERTIES FOR TAXTION. THIS RECORD IS KNOWN AS THE DOMESDAY BOOK. HERE "SANDESTEDE" CONTAINS ONLY 5 HYDES. 1536 A.D. ... HENRY VIII, AS HEAD OF THE CHURCH, DISSOLVED THE LESSER MONASTERIES AND CONFISCATED CHURCH LANDS INCLUDING SANDERSTEAD WHICH CONTAINED SANDERSTEAD MANOR OWNED THEN BY JOHN HEWSON WOOD OR ATWOOD. THE MANOR WAS THEN DEEDED TO SIR JOHN GRESHAM, UNCLE OF SIR THOMAS GRESHAM, FOUNDER OF THE LONDON EXCHANGE. ALTHOUGH THE ATWOODS REMAINED IN POSSESSION OF PART OF THE MANOR, THEY LIVED IN THE PARISH OF ST. MARTIN MOST OF THE YEAR. 1556 ... UPON HIS DEATH, SIR JOHN GRESHAM WILLED SANDERSTEAD MANOR TO HIS WIFE, KATHERINE, FOR HER LIFE, WITH THE REMAINDER OF HIS PROPERTY TO HIS THIRD SON, EDMOND. 1576\77 ... KATHERINE GRESHAM DIED AND HER SON, EDMOND, INHERITED THE MANOR. HE WAS OF THORPE MARKET IN NORFOLK, AND A MERCER (TEXTILE MERCHANT) OF LONDON. 1586 ... EDMOND GRESHAM DIED AND WILLED SANDERSTEAD MANOR TO HIS SON, RICHARD. 1591\92 ... JOHN OWNSTEAD, ESQ. (1534\1600), SON OF JOHN OWNSTEAD AND AGNES WOOD (ATWOOD) AND THE GRANDSON OF JOHN WOOD (DIED IN 1525), BOUGHT SANDERSTEAD MANOR FROM RICHARD GRESHAM. 1600 ... JOHN OWNSTEAD DIED, AUGUST 09, 1600, WITHOUT ISSUE. 1604 ... HARMAN WOOD PROBABLY REMAINED IN LONDON UNTIL AFTER THE DEATH OF JOHN OWNSTEAD, AS THE BAPTISM OF HIS OLDEST CHILD DOES NOT APPEAR IN THE SANDERSTEAD REGISTER. HE RESUMED THE OLD FAMILY NAME OF "ATWOOD" AT THE BIRTH OF HIS THIRD CHILD. THE SIZE OF THE ESTATE WAS APPROXIMATELY 3,000 ACRES AT ONE TIME. COULSDON: A FEW MILES SOUTH OF CROYDON AND ADJOINING SANDERSTEAD ON THE SOUTHWEST. COULSDON IS THE ONLY PLACE IN SURREY WHERE RECORDS OF THE ATWOOD NAME IS FOUND BEFORE ABOUT 1400. THE MANOR OF COULSDON BELONGED TO THE ABBEY OF CHERTSEY AS DID THE ESTATES OF HOOLEY HOUSE AND WOOD PLACE. 1203 ... IN THE 4TH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF JOHN, THE ABBOTT OF CHERTSEY, THEN LORD OF THE MANOR, GRANTED A MESSUAGE (DWELLING HOUSE WITH BUILDINGS, CURTILAGE AND ADJOINING LANDS), CALLED HOOLEY HOUSE, AND 30 ACRES OF LAND AND 4 ACRES OF WOOD TO PETER DE WYCKHURST AND HIS HEIRS. THEY PAYING FULL VALUE OF THE LAND. 1313 ... IN THE 6TH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF EDWARD II, A MESSUAGE, CALLED WOOD PLACE, VALUED AT TWO SHILLINGS A YEAR AND ABOUT 20 ACRES OF LAND, 60 ACRES WORTH 20 SHILLINGS, 15 ACRES OF WOOD WORTH 7 SHILLINGS 6D, HELD BY PETER ATTE WODE BY SERVICE OF 13 SHILLINGS 4D, A YEAR CAME INTO THE KING'S HANDS BY REASON OF IDIOCY OF JOHN, SON OF ROGER DE BOSCO, LUCY HIS SISTER BEING HIS NEXT HEIR. 1347 ... IN THE 20TH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF EDWARD III, HOOLEY HOUSE WAS FOUND DEVOLVED ON GEOFFERY ATTE WODE, WHO HAD LICENSE TO HOLD SAME OF THE KING BY SERVICE OF ONE 40TH PART OF A KNIGHT'S FEE, AS PARCEL OF THE MANOR OF COULSDON. 1357 ... PETER ATTE WODE HAD THE BISHOP'S LICENSE FOR A PRIVATE CHAPEL IN HIS HOUSE AT LA WODE IN COULSDON. THE 4 ACRES OF WOOD AT HOOLEY HOUSE OR THE 15 AT WOOD PLACE ARE PROBABLY THE SAME AS LA WODE OF PETER'S LICENSE. Children were: ATTE WODE.
Unknown de Wyckhurst
THEY ARE ACTUALLY LISTED AS THE PARENTS BUT THE DATES ARE THE SAME AS THEY ARE .........
Peter de Wyckhurst
Alice Atte Wode (unknown)
Atte Wode
Unknown Atte Wode
There are suppose to be mentions of John Wood (Mary Wood's Father)
Source: Lineage Papers of Robert Forsyth Little, Jr. for the Society of the Colonial Wars.
Will be continuing on other blogs!!!
Taken From: HERE: Source: Lineage Papers of Robert Forsyth Little, Jr. for the Society of the Colonial Wars.
The first ancestor of the name in the United States, was Richard Platt.
"Richard Piatt, son of Joseph Piatt, was baptized Sept. 28, 1603." This is claimed as an extract from the parish records of Bovingdon, a village near Hertford, England.
The Platt progenitor, Richard Platt left England in 1638, and landed at New Haven
Richard Piatt had eighty-four acres of land in and around New Haven. His name is on the list of free-planters made out in 1646 ; he was chosen a deacon in the first church in Milford in 1669.
It is recorded that his wife, Mary, died in January, 1676. He made his will in 1683.
Okay .. so Mary Wood Platt from my written notes:10 Nov. 1605 - 24 Mar 1676(70)
Possible:
F: John Wood (#1) : 13 Apr 1566 - 7 Dec 1635(69) - both Roydon, Essex, England
M: Jane (unknown)
Possible:
F: John Wood (#2) : 1578-1605(27)
M: Isabel Wood : 1582-1649(67)
both born and died in : Roydon, Essex, England
John Wood (#2) parents : F: Edmund Wood SR. 6 Mar 1546 - 1614(18)
M: Janet Hurst : 1550-1583 ......................... m: 4 Apr 1573
NOTE ON EDMUND AND JANET
This one was taken from HERE
Edmond WOOD [Parents] 1 was born on 6 Mar 1546 in Northorum, Yorkshire, England. He was christened on 6 Mar 1546 in Sowerby, Halifax, Yorkshire, England. He died in 1614/1618. He married Janet HURST on 4 Apr 1573 in Shelf(n Oram), Halifax, Yorkshire, England.
Janet HURST [Parents] 1 was born about 1550 in Of, Northorem, Yorkshire, England. She was christened on 4 May 1545 in , Dewsbury, Yorkshire, England. She died in 1583 in Hamlet Of Shelf, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, Eng.. She married Edmond WOOD on 4 Apr 1573 in Shelf(n Oram), Halifax, Yorkshire, England.
They had the following children:
- M i Humphry WOOD 1 was born on 19 Sep 1574 in Hamlet Of Shelf, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, Eng.. He was christened on 19 Sep 1574 in Northorem, Yorkshire, England.
- M ii Richard WOOD
- M iii Edmund WOOD
- M iv John WOOD 1 was born on 25 Dec 1580 in Hamlet Of Shelf, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, Eng.. He was christened on 25 Dec 1580 in Northorem, Yorkshire, England.
- F v Grace WOOD 1 was born on 9 Sep 1581 in Hamlet Of Shelf, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, Eng.. She was christened on 9 Dec 1581 in Northorem, Yorkshire, England.
- M vi John WOOD
- M vii Thomas WOOD 1 was born in 1586 in Hamlet Of Shelf, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, Eng.. He was christened on 29 Jan 1586 in Northorem, Yorkshire, England.
- M viii Robert WOOD 1 was christened on 29 Jan 1586 in Northorem, Yorkshire, England.
- F ix Susan WOOD 1 was born in <1588> in <Northorem, Yorkshire, England>.
I am going to continue down from Janet/Judith Hurst on another blog......
From HERE and HERE *notice Richard Wood JR was married twice*
Wood, Richard, Jr
b. 1510
Sowerby Yorkshire UK
m. Longbotham, Elizabeth
30 Sep 1600
m. Ambler, Margaret
26 Jul 1540
d. 06 Dec 1549
Estimate of birth from the last will of his farther Richard Wood born about 1480.
Richard Wood, Jr. 
| Birth: | 1515 Sowerby, Halifax Parish, Yorkshire, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1549 (34) Halifax, West Riding, Yorkshire, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Richard Wood, Sr. and Christabell Washburn
Husband of Margaret Wood and Annie Joanna Roper Father of John Ambler Wood; Isabelle Ambler Wood; Thomas Ambler Wood; Richard Wood;Edmund Wood, Sr. and 4 others |
Annie Joanna Roper
| Birth: | circa 1523 |
|---|---|
| Death: | December 6, 1549 (26) |
| Immediate Family: |
Wife of Richard Wood, Jr.
|
Ambler, Margaret
b. 1517
Halifax
d. 06 Dec 1549
Halifax
m. Wood, Richard
26 Jul 1540
Margaret Anne Wood (Ambler)
| Birth: | circa 1523 Northowram, , Yorkshire, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | circa 1600 (77) Sowerby, Halifax, Yorkshire, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Daughter of William Ambler and Isabel Ambler
Wife of Richard Wood, Jr. Mother of John Ambler Wood; Isabelle Ambler Wood; Thomas Ambler Wood; Richard Wood;Edmund Wood, Sr. and 4 others Sister of Joan Nycoll; Isabel Sutcliff; Elizabeth Northend and William Ambler |
I'm going to continue Margaret's on another blog ....
Notes for RICHARD WOOD SR. From HERE and linked off there after
Richard Wood, Sr.
| Birth: | circa 1480 Sowerby,Halifax,Yorkshire,England |
|---|---|
| Death: | July 8, 1553 (73) Sowerby,Halifax,Yorkshire,England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Christopher Wood and Margaret C. Wood
Husband of Christabell Washburn Father of Richard Wood, Jr. |
Wood, Richard, Sr
b. 1484
Sowerby Yorkshire UK
d. 18 Mar 1552
Sowerby Yorkshire UK
m. Not Found2, Christabel
1508
About Wood, Richard, Sr
This Richard Wood was a handloom weaver of woollen goods.His Will. March 14 1552 Richard Woode of Souerbye in the countie of Yorke,clother.I ordayne and make Christabell my wif,and Margaret,Anges,Thomas,and Rycharde,my children,myne executors to resayve suche thinges as be owynge to me and also to paye my dettes,whiche dettes beyonge paid,Igiue the residue of all my goodes to my said wif and children;and that this my will maye the better be accompleshed I desire my brother John Wood,and Thomas Fournes to be ouersears of the same.Thes wittenesses,John Woode,Edmunde Wood,Sir John Hilton,preist.Pr.Jul.8.1553,by Xpabell.mrelict,Margaret and Agnes,daughters,power being reserved to Thomas and Richard,children." (Sourse:Halifax Parish Wills P, 82.Note the will has been copied with the spelling as found in the original soure.)
WOOD (Yorkshire)
Richard Wood (1480-1553) married Christable. He and his younger brothers John and Edmund were cloth weavers in Sowerby, Halifax, Yorkshire, "on the bleak, treeless moorlands of the Pennine Hills, where fertile soil was at a minimum."
. 1. Margaret Wood (c.1509)
. 2. Agnes Wood (c.1511)
. 3. Thomas Wood (c.1513)
. 4. Richard Wood (c1515) married Margaret Annes Ambler
WOOD (Yorkshire)
Richard Wood (1480-1553) married Christable. He and his younger brothers John and Edmund were cloth weavers in Sowerby, Halifax, Yorkshire, "on the bleak, treeless moorlands of the Pennine Hills, where fertile soil was at a minimum."
. 1. Margaret Wood (c.1509)
. 2. Agnes Wood (c.1511)
. 3. Thomas Wood (c.1513)
. 4. Richard Wood (c1515) married Margaret Annes Ambler
Christabell Washburn (Umn) (END)
| Birth: | circa 1485 Sowerby,Halifax,Yorkshire,England |
|---|---|
| Death: | circa 1598 (113) Sowerby,Halifax,Yorkshire,England |
| Immediate Family: |
Christopher Wood
| Birth: | circa 1459 Halifax, West Riding, York, England |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
Son of John Atte Wode and Isabelle Atte Wode
Husband of Margaret C. Wood Father of Richard Wood, Sr. Half brother of Thomas Wood,; John Atwood;Anne Atwood and John Wode, 1425 |
Margaret C. Wood (Umn)
| Birth: | circa 1457 |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
John Atte Atte Wode
| Birth: | circa April 4, 1400 Sanderstead, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1459 (59) Sanderstead, Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of John Atte Wode; Peter Atte Wode andPetronilla Atte Wode
Husband of Isabella Atwood; Isabelle Atte Wode and Isabella ? Father of Thomas Wood,; John Atwood; Anne Atwood; Christopher Wood and John Wode, 1425 Brother of John Wode; Alice Gower; Geoffrey Atte Wode and Peter Atte Wode |
Isabella Atwood (Mulys)
| Birth: | circa 1405 Sanderstead, Surrey, , England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1499 (94) Sanderstead, Surrey, , England |
| Immediate Family: |
Daughter of James de Mules and Margaret Upton
Wife of John Atte Wode Mother of Thomas Wood,; John Atwood andAnne Atwood Half sister of Thomas Upton |
Isabelle Atte Wode (DeMules)
| Birth: | 1405 |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1499 (94) South Croydon, Greater London, UK |
| Immediate Family: |
I will continue down from Isabelle in another blog....
John Atte Wode
| Birth: | circa 1360 Sanderstead, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1404 (44) Surrey, , England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Peter Atte Wode and Anisia Atte Wode
Husband of Petronilla Atte Wode Father of John Atte Wode; Alice Gower;Geoffrey Atte Wode and Peter Atte Wode Brother of Laurencia Atte Wode-Atwood / Quetche and Peter Atte Wode Half brother of Peter Atte Wode |
Sanderstead Court was a country house most often associated with the Atwood family of Sanderstead, Surrey, England. It was located next to the All Saint’s Parish Church (c. 1230) in Sanderstead. This manor house evolved over the centuries to become a significant country house and the seat of power of the Atwood family.
The first mention of the Atwood family in Sanderstead is in 1346 when Justice Peter Atte Wood (Atte Wode) and his wife Laurencia purchased land there (Lewis 1894, p. 338). The Atte Wode’s had originally lived nearby in Coulsdon, first at Hooley House and then at Wood Place. Some time in the 15th century they moved to Sanderstead and began improving the property there. By the time John Atwood died in 1525, the family seems to have made the transition to Sanderstead, and he mentions Sanderstead manor in his will (Atwood 1928).
The Atwood family were benefactors to the Sanderstead Parish Church which was adjacent to their home, and John Atwood (Atwodde) and his wife, Denys, have a brass plaque in the church dated 1525. John’s grand son, Nicholas Wood, who died in 1565, is identified as “of Sandersted Corte who served quene Elizabeth sens the second yearr of her rayne” on his brass in the church (Stephanson 1919).
Several secondary sources repeat the tradition that Queen Elizabeth I once spent the night at Sanderstead Court while Nicholas Wood was the owner. His service to the queen included being a Sergeant of the Queen's Carriages. There has been no independent corroboration of the Queen's presence at Sanderstead Court, however, so the story remains an undocumented tradition.
Nicholas Wood lost a portion Sanderstead to Sir John Gresham, Lord Mayor of London, when King Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries in 1536 and conveyed their property to some of his favorites.
After a series of complicated transactions and inheritances, the Atwood’s regained control of Sanderstead Court, and Nicholas Wood's son, Harman Atwood, Jr., transformed Sanderstead into a significant country house in the 1670’s.
Harman Atwood was finished his renovations to Sanderstead Court in 1675. The completed house was a three story, red brick mansion comprised of a central core with two large wings at either end which were adorned with decorated chimneys. The central portion of the house had a great room, two stories in height, supported by fluted columns with Corinthian capitals; this great room was probably originally constructed by an earlier Atwood in the 16th century. Many of the rooms in Sanderstead Court were panelled with wood. The Atwood shield with a lion rampant between three acorns, the initials “H.A.” (Harman Atwood) and the date “1675” were once were carved in stone over the main entry to Sanderstead Court.
Harman Atwood, Jr. (1608-1676) was an attorney (solicitor) in London and Sanderstead was at the center of his vast holdings of real estate. Harman appears to have been a patron of the arts and had a friendship with John Oldham (poet). Oldham's poem, Pindarique, was written "to the memory of Harman Atwood upon his death." According to Charles Atwood "in a short biography of John Oldham prefixed to his poems...Harman Atwood was his liberal patron, that he died in 1676, that he was of Sanderstead, in Surrey County, England, where the name and family had been of long duration in a lineal descent"(Atwood 1888).
Harman Atwood died childless in 1676 and left Sanderstead Court to his sister Dame Olivia Atwood (1614-1681). Olivia also died childless, and the house passed through a succession of distant Atwood relations until it passed out of the family line entirely in 1759. Later owners included members of the Wigsell family.
John Preston Neal provides a description of Sanderstead Court's grounds as they existed in 1818:
"The site of the Court House is on an eminence, having in front a spacious lawn, skirted by a shrubbery of rich and varied foliage, separated from the adjoining pleasure grounds by a light range of iron palisades. The Park was enlarged by the addition of an Estate, called Place House; and the whole now forms quite a sequestered residence; the grounds, which are extensive, admit the most beautiful prospects: on one side are seen the counties of Buckinghamshire and Berkshire; and on the other, a fine open coutnry for many miles, over all Bansted Downs" (Neal 1818).
In the early 20th century, Sanderstead Court was converted to a hotel and renamed “Selsdon Court.” During World War II it was used by the Royal Air Force. Sadly, Sanderstead Court burned, leaving only the outside walls in 1944. As of 1947 the mansion was still standing but reduced to ruins, probably never to be repaired, left in the edge of a little village in what is now the outskirts of London.
Petronilla Atte Wode (atte-wode) END
| Birth: | circa 1364 Sanderstead, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1459 (95) England |
| Immediate Family: |
Wife of Peter Atte Wode and John Atte Wode
Mother of John Atte Wode; John Wode; Alice Gower; Geoffrey Atte Wode and Peter Atte Wode |
Peter Att Atte Wode (atte-wode)
| Birth: | 1360 Sanderstead Surrey England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1404 (44) Surrey, UK |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Peter Atte Wode; Anisia Atte Wode andLaurencia Atte Wode
Husband of Petronilla Atte Wode Father of John Atte Wode and John Wode Brother of John Atte Wode and Laurencia Atte Wode-Atwood / Quetche |
Peter Atte Wode
| Birth: | circa 1321 Woods Place, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | November 30, 1382 (61) Sanderstead, Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Geoffrey Atte Wode and Yvonne Atte Wode
Husband of Laurencia Atte Wode and Anisia Atte Wode Father of Peter Atte Wode; John Atte Wode andLaurencia Atte Wode-Atwood / Quetche |
Laurencia Atte Wode (?) END
| Birth: | 1324 Surrey, England, United Kingdom |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1419 (95) Surrey, England, United Kingdom |
| Immediate Family: |
Anisia Atte Wode END
| Birth: | estimated between 1285 and 1323 |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
Wife of Peter Atte Wode
Mother of John Atte Wode; Laurencia Atte Wode-Atwood / Quetche and Peter Atte Wode |
Geoffrey Richard Atte Wode
| Birth: | 1297 The Woods, Colsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | August 26, 1346 (49) Crécy-en-Ponthieu, Picardie, France |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Sir William Geoffrey Atte Wode andJuliana Atte Wode
Husband of Yvonne Atte Wode Father of Peter Atte Wode Brother of Anisia Atte Wode |
Assumed to be eldest son because of his connection with Hooley House as possessor of the estate. A Sergeant of Arms to the King.
-------------------- GEOFFREY ATTE WODE(1) was born about 1297 in COULSDON, SURREY, ENGLAND. He died on 26 Aug 1346 in COULSDON, SURREY, ENGLAND. HIS ESTATE WAS HOOLEY HOUSE, WHICH IN 1360 WAS FINED 46 POUNDS IN ADDITION TO A REGULAR TAX ON ONE 40TH OF A KNIGHT'S PAY, BECAUSE IT WAS PURCHASED WITHOUT CONSENT OF THE KING (A SORT OF EX POST FACTO SCHEME OF THE KING TO RAISE MONEY), IN 1346, IN THE YEAR OF THE REIGN OF EDWARD THE THIRD, "INQUISTIO POSST MORTEM GALFRIDUS (GEOFFREY) ATTE WODE" ...... LAND IN MANOR OF "GULLESDEN" (COULSDON). THE LATIN MEANS THAT THE FINE WAS PAID AFTER THE DEATH OF GEOFFREY ATTE WODE, PROBABLY IN 1360 AS STATED ABOVE.
THERE IS A NOTE THAT STATES GEOFFREY MIGHT HAVE BEEN KILLED OR FELL AT THE BATTLE OF CRECY. FELL ? DOES THIS MEAN WOUNDED AND THEN DIED LATER ON, ON DATE THAT IS NOTED. BATTLE OF CRECY TOOK PLACE IN FRANCE AROUND 1345, WHEN THE KING INVADED FRANCE. Parents: SIR WILLIAM ATTE WODE and JULIANA.
Yvonne Anisia Atte Wode (Livingstone) (END)
| Birth: | 1299 Woods Place, Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | circa 1328 (29) South Croydon, Greater London, England, United Kingdom |
| Immediate Family: |
William Geoffrey Atte Wode, Sir
| Birth: | circa 1270 Hooley House, Colsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1345 (75) Woods Place, Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Peter Atte Wode and Alice Atte Wode
Husband of Juliana Atte Wode Father of Geoffrey Atte Wode and Anisia Atte Wode Brother of Geoffrey Atte Wode and Richard Atte Wode |
Sir William Atte Wode (bef. 1270 – c. 1346) was Captain of the King's Guard at the Palace of Westminster under King Edward III of England.
He was probably born sometime before 1300 in Coulsdon, Surrey, England. He was the son of Peter Atte Wode and Alice, who owned both Hooley House and Wood Place in Surrey. Sir William married a woman named Juliana, and they had at least three children: Geoffrey Atte Wode, Richard Atte Wode, and William Atte Wode.
While we do not know when he was knighted, it was at least by 1341, because by that time he is referred to as Sir William and is Captain of the King's Guard at the Palace of Westminster, the King's royal residence in London; members of parliament also met at Westminster Palace at this time. As a Sergeant at Arms, Sir William was part of the royal body guard that was composed of about thirty men at that time. It is not known what events occurred to bring William to King Edward III's attention for this position, but he must have had some connection through either friendship or family relations to the royal family.
An interesting anecdote about Sir William's life is recorded in John Heneage Jesse's Memorials of London (1341):
"In the 14th year of the reign of Edward III, John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury, with a great number of London bishops, clergy, soldiers, came to the gate of Westminster Palace and demanded admittance to the chamber where Parliament was assembled. He was forbidden to enter in the King's name by Sir William Atwood, Captain of the King's Guard. The Archbishop was stopped because the followers were not members. The Archbishop was a member, but the King commended Sir William."
The Atte Wode lineage can be traced back to about 1204 when Peter de Wyckhurst (an older form of the name Atte Wode) purchased 'Hooley House' from the Bertan Marten, the Abbot of Chertsey Abbey. Over the next hundred years, the family added to its land holdings in Surrey and his father, Peter Atte Wode, purchased the 220-acre (0.89 km2) estate known as 'Wood Place' in 1279. The Atte Wode's emerged as one of the new influential class of yeomen who were becoming substantial land owners in England. In 1318 Sir William and Juliana added to the family's fortune by purchasing another estate known as 'Beckenham' in Kent.
Two of Sir William's sons, Geoffrey and Richard, also became Sergeants at Arms to the King. Richard is mentioned in the London Letter Books for his role in moving the fleet being assembled at London down the Thames to invade France during the 1346 campaign in the Hundred Years' War.
E. F. Atwood asserts that Sir William and both of his sons accompanied the army on their invasion of France, however, his source for this information is not given. It does seem likely, however, given their positions as body guards to King Edward. Based on subsequent land transactions in England, it appears possible that both Sir William and his son Geoffrey were killed in the French campaign in 1346, (possibly at the Battle of Crecy), however, this is not certain.
Sir William's grandson, Peter Atte Wode, continued to expand both the family’s land holdings and its influence by being appointed a Justice in Eyre; Peter's association with William of Wykeham who became the Bishop of Winchester and the Chancellor of England undoubtedly also helped to increase the family's influence.
The Atte Wode family name underwent a number of changes through the centuries with numerous variations in spelling: in the earliest records they are known as de Wyckhurst, by about 1300 they were commonly known as Atte Wode, a name that evolved into the modern version, Atwood, and finally, some (though not all) family members adopted the surname Wood in the 1500s.
Juliana Juliana Atte Atte Wode (William) END
| Birth: | 1274 Woods Place, Sanderstead, Cour., England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1302 (28) Coulsden, Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Peter Atte Atte Wode
| Birth: | circa 1245 Hooley House, Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | circa 1313 (68) Hooley House, Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of William Wyckhurst and Alice Wyckhurst (Fosse)
Husband of Alice Atte Wode Father of Sir William Geoffrey Atte Wode;Geoffrey Atte Wode and Richard Atte Wode Half brother of Alice De Tyldenne |
Alice Atte Wode END
| Birth: | circa 1254 Coulsdon, Greater London, England, United Kingdom |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1313 (59) Stevington,,Bedfordshire,England |
| Immediate Family: |
Wife of Peter Atte Wode
Mother of Sir William Geoffrey Atte Wode;Geoffrey Atte Wode and Richard Atte Wode |
William Wyckhurst (Atte Wode)
| Birth: | circa 1220 Hooley House,Coulsdon,Surrey,England |
|---|---|
| Death: | circa 1278 (58) Coulsden, , Surrey, England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Peter de Wyckhurst and Lady de Wyckhurst
Husband of Alice Atte Wode and Alice Wyckhurst (Fosse) Father of Alice De Tyldenne and Peter Atte Wode |
Wyckhurst means "house of Wood", and in later years the the owners of "The Hooley House" were "Atte Wodes". Bought Hooley House, Conlsdon, surrey in 1204. A 40 Acre estate. Wyck means dwelling on wooded knoll.
Alice Wyckhurst (Fosse)
Birth: 1224
Coulsdon, Surrey, England Death: 1245 (21)
England (Complications of child birth) Immediate Family:
| Birth: | 1224 Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1245 (21) England (Complications of child birth) |
| Immediate Family: |
Alice Atte Wode (Umn)
| Birth: | 1235 |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
Peter de Wyckhurst (DeWyckhurst)
| Birth: | circa 1180 Hooley House, Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | Coulsden,,Surrey,England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Peter de Wyckhurst and Alice Atte Wode
Husband of Lady de Wyckhurst Father of William Wyckhurst Brother of William de Wyckhurst |
Unknown de Wyckhurst
| Birth: | 1184 Coulsdon, Surrey, England |
|---|---|
| Death: | England |
| Immediate Family: |
Peter de Wyckhurst
| Birth: | circa 1180 Hooley House,Coulsdon,Surrey,England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1203 (23) Coulsden, Surrey, , England |
| Immediate Family: |
Son of Atte Wode and Unknown Atte Wode
Husband of Alice Atte Wode Father of Peter de Wyckhurst and William de Wyckhurst |
Alice Atte Wode (unknown)
| Birth: | 1184 Hooley House,Coulsdon,Surrey,England |
|---|---|
| Death: | 1203 (19) England |
| Immediate Family: |
Atte Wode
| Birth: | 1160 England |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
Unknown Atte Wode
| Birth: | estimated between 1122 and 1180 |
|---|---|
| Immediate Family: |
There are suppose to be mentions of John Wood (Mary Wood's Father)
Source: Lineage Papers of Robert Forsyth Little, Jr. for the Society of the Colonial Wars.
Will be continuing on other blogs!!!
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