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Showing posts with label Melancong ke New York. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Melancong ke New York. Show all posts

Monday, September 05, 2011

Melancong ke New York 7: Brooklyn Bridge

Sambung lagi sesi Melancong ke New York.

Khas untuk engineers dan architects yang appreciate the wonders of technical beauty.

Introducing - The Brooklyn Bridge.

Banyak accolades yang jambatan ni menang (tapi takde la trophy):

The Brooklyn Bridge is one of the oldest suspension bridges in the United States. Completed in 1883, it connects the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn by spanning the East River. With a main span of 1,595.5 feet (486.3 m), it was the longest suspension bridge in the world from its opening until 1903, and the first steel-wire suspension bridge.

 Pebende suspension bridge tu you asked?

A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck (the load-bearing portion) is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders.

Kat Malaysia pun ada. Tuuu... Jambatan Pulau Pinang. Sama prinsipal le tu.

 Sekarang, jadi monumen NY. Memang patut pun. Binaan lebih seratus tahun tapi masih mantap. Cuma kita tak tanya la nak maintain camana tu? Part ni la engineers dok sibuk selak blueprint dan buat calculations.

Originally referred to as the New York and Brooklyn Bridge and as the East River Bridge, it was dubbed the Brooklyn Bridge in a January 25, 1867 letter to the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, and formally so named by the city government in 1915. Since its opening, it has become an iconic part of the New York skyline. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964 and a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1972.
 Sape bina? The Brooklyn Bridge was initially designed by German immigrant John Augustus Roebling dan dah banyak yang dia design.

Tapi malang tak berbau. While conducting surveys for the bridge project, Roebling sustained a crush injury to his foot when a ferry pinned it against a piling. After amputation of his crushed toes he developed a tetanus infection which left him incapacitated and soon resulted in his death, not long after he had placed his 32-year-old son Washington Roebling in charge of the project.

 Macam ada badi pulak. Anak dia pun lumpuh kena penyakit akibat dari decompression sickness disebabkan oleh caissons (In geotechnical engineering, a caisson is a retaining, watertight structure used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, or for the repair of ships. These are constructed such that the water can be pumped out, keeping the working environment dry.)

 Lepas tu sape ganti? Bini dia wehhh hahah...


His wife Emily Warren Roebling stepped in and provided the critical written link between her husband and the engineers on site. Under her husband's guidance, Emily had studied higher mathematics, the calculations of catenary curves, the strengths of materials, bridge specifications, and the intricacies of cable construction. She spent the next 11 years assisting Washington Roebling helping to supervise the bridge's construction.

 The Brooklyn Bridge was completed thirteen years later and was opened for use on May 24, 1883. The opening ceremony was attended by several thousand people and many ships were present in the East Bay for the occasion. President Chester A. Arthur and New York Mayor Franklin Edson crossed the bridge to celebratory cannon fire and were greeted by Brooklyn Mayor Seth Low when they reached the Brooklyn-side tower.

Kira sambutan besar-besaran tu.

 Apa hasilnya pembinaan jambatan ini? Banyak...

On that first day, a total of 1,800 vehicles and 150,300 people crossed what was then the only land passage between Manhattan and Brooklyn. Emily Warren Roebling was the first to cross the bridge. The bridge's main span over the East River is 1,595 feet 6 inches (486.3 m). The bridge cost $15.5 million to build and approximately 27 people died during its construction.

 Termasuklah tragedi.

One week after the opening, on May 30, 1883, a rumor that the Bridge was going to collapse caused a stampede, which crushed and killed at least twelve people.

Jadi nak mengembalikan konfiden pengguna, depa buat sesuatu yang genius!

On May 17, 1884, P. T. Barnum helped to squelch doubts about the bridge's stability—while publicizing his famous circus—when one of his most famous attractions, Jumbo, led a parade of 21 elephants over the Brooklyn Bridge.

Kalau dah gajah pun lintas - apa lagi yang tak konfiden?
 Event yang berlaku di atas jambatan ni cukup banyak.

First jumper
The first person to jump from the bridge was Robert Emmet Odlum, brother of women's rights activist Charlotte Odlum Smith, on May 19, 1885. He struck the water at an angle and died shortly thereafter from internal injuries (kerja gila namanya tapi ramai yang suka buat kerja gila ni pun).

 Bungee jump (korang boleh le try)
On June 1993, following 13 reconnoiters inside the metal structure, and with the help of a mountain guide, Thierry Devaux performed (illegally) eight acrobatic bungee jumps above the East River close to the Brooklyn pier, in the early morning. He used an electric winch between each acrobatic figure.

1994 Brooklyn Bridge shooting
On March 1, 1994, Lebanese-born Rashid Baz opened fire on a van carrying members of the Chabad-Lubavitch Orthodox Jewish Movement, striking 16-year-old student Ari Halberstam and three others traveling on the bridge. Halberstam died five days later from his wounds. Baz was apparently acting out of revenge for the Hebron massacre of 29 Muslims by Baruch Goldstein that had taken place days earlier on February 25, 1994. Baz was convicted of murder and sentenced to a 141-year prison term. After initially classifying the murder as one committed out of road rage, the Justice Department reclassified the case in 2000 as a terrorist attack. The entrance ramp to the bridge on the Manhattan side was named the Ari Halberstam Memorial Ramp in memory of the victim.

Saya rekemen baca buku Robert Fisk, The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East untuk memahami sampai tahap mana hate-love relationship antara Arab-Jew ni.

It has been shown in films such as Once Upon A Time In America, Captive Women, The Fifth Element, Deep Impact, Godzilla, Aftershock: Earthquake in New York, I Am Legend, Life After People, Cloverfield, Zombi 2, Oliver & Company, Enchanted and Kate & Leopold.

OK... NEXT!

Sunday, September 04, 2011

Melancong ke New York 9: Williamsburg Bridge

Sambung lagi sesi Melancong ke New York.

Jambatan terakhir - yang paling tak glamer antara 3 yang dilawati - Williamsburg Bridge.



The Williamsburg Bridge is a suspension bridge in New York City across the East River connecting the Lower East Side of Manhattan at Delancey Street with the Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn at Broadway.

 Walaupun menggunakan principle yang sama (suspension bridge) tetapi ada sedikit kelainan:

It is an unconventional structure, as suspension bridges go; though the main span hangs from cables in the usual manner, the side spans leading to the approaches are supported by trusswork, drawing no support from the cables above.

Nampak tak di penghujung jambatan tu, tiada lagi suspension cable menegak. Maksudnya, berat jambatan itu tidak lagi diambil oleh kabel tetapi sistem truss yang ada. Truss ini adalah sesuatu yang penting bagi structural engineers dan diajar di seluruh universiti untuk pelajar Civil Engineering tahap Bachelor Degree.

 Spesifikasi:

The main span of the bridge is 1,600 feet (490 m) long. The entire bridge is 7,308 feet (2,227 m) long between cable anchor terminals, and the deck is 118 feet (36 m) wide. The height at the center of the bridge is 135 feet (41 m) and each tower is 335 feet (102 m); these measurements taken from the river's surface at high water mark.

Jambatan ini dan Manhattan Bridge sajalah yang dibenarkan untuk bawa kenderaan jalan raya dan keretapi di atasnya. Yang lain tidak dibenarkan.

 Pada June 22, 2003 genaplah usia jambatan ini 100 tahun!

 Tahun 1980an, jambatan ini "dibina" semula disebabkan maintenance yang sepatutnya dijalankan sebelum ini ditangguh. Maksudnya, semua kumpul sekali  baru buat sekali maintenance. Of course, maintenance jadi major works.

Jambatan besi walaupun kukuh tetapi musuh utamanya adalah karat (corrosion). Pada April 12, 1988 jambatan ini ditutup keseluruhannya kerana inspektor telah terjumpa satu kawasan yang diserang oleh karat dengan dahsyatnya.

Jambatan boleh roboh sebab karat ni jadi it was a wise decision.

 Disebabkan tak sepopular dua jambatan tadi, no poetry has been written about it, as Hart Crane did with the Brooklyn Bridge. No songs have been written about it, as Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel did with the 59th Street (Queensboro) Bridge.

 Namun begitu, tetap massive!

 Cuma takde la mana-mana direktor dan produser filem mahu menggunakan jambatan ini sebagai set filem mereka. Apapun, in the end - jambatan mestilah menjalankan tanggungjawab hakiki beliau iaitu menghubungkan dua tempat. Hal ini dilakukan oleh jambatan ini dengan jayanya.

 Off we go!

Saturday, September 03, 2011

Melancong ke New York 8: Manhattan Bridge

Sambung lagi sesi Melancong ke New York.

Seterusnya Manhattan Bridge. Nama Manhattan ni sedap, tak tau apa sebab. Engineers and architects will appreciate this bridge tetapi anda pun boleh juga layan.

The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan (at Canal Street) with Brooklyn (at Flatbush Avenue Extension). It was the last of the three suspension bridges built across the lower East River, following the Brooklyn and the Williamsburg bridges.

Spesifikasi:
  • Main span: 1,470 ft (448 m)
  • Length of suspension cables: 3,224 ft (983 m)
  • Total length: 6,855 ft (2,089 m)


Satu benda yang unik tentang jambatan ini ialah adanya pintu gerbang di belah Manhattan. New Yorkers zaman dulu memang obses nak jadikan New York macam Eropah, the grandeur. Jadi, pintu gerbang tu is a neccessity.

In 1910, a year after the bridge opened, the architectural firm Carrère and Hastings drew up preliminary plans for an elaborate grand entry to the bridge on the Manhattan side, as part of the "City Beautiful" movement. Construction began that year, and plans were finalized in 1912. The arch and colonnade were completed in 1915.



Selain dari kenderaan biasa, jambatan ini juga bawa subway merentasinya. Perhatikan lower deck jambatan tu - untuk subway. Ada macam-macam masalah dengan muatan sebegini but eventually, wise engineering wins.

Muatan bergerak (kenderaan) dengan muatan mati (bangunan) mempunyai impak yang berlainan dan masalah yang berkaitan perlu diselesaikan dengan caranya yang tersendiri. Student Civil Engineering tahap degree faham le ni.

Ada specialist dalam pembinaan jambatan. Mereka dikenali sebagai bridge engineer. Selain dari teknikaliti; kecantikan jambatan juga diambil kira kerana ia merupakan struktur yang gargantuan. Jika gargantuan tetapi buruk rupanya - menyakitkan mata. Maka arkitek pun memainkan peranan yang penting - selalunya lebih penting dari engineer.

Menganga tengok (kalau faham implikasi pembinaan jambatan ini). Yang tak faham buat donno je.

Suspension bridge bermaksud jambatan ini seolah-olah digantung. Digantung? Ya, digantung oleh towers yang terpasak ke bumi.

Berapa banyak besi yang digunakan tu? Tetapi awas - karat adalah musuh utama besi! Kalau tak dijaga, jambatan boleh runtuh kerana karat.

Massive!

Dan cantik!

Manhattan Bridge ni popular. Sesiapa yang kaki movie tu, please take note on these:

1984:The bridge played a large role in the Steve Martin romantic comedy film The Lonely Guy, in which it is a popular spot for lonely guys to commit suicide, and the meeting place for Martin and Judith Ivey.

1984: The bridge is featured prominently in director Sergio Leone's gangster epic Once Upon a Time in America.

1994: In The Cowboy Way, the two main cowboy characters chase a B train over the bridge to rescue a friend in grave danger.

1995: The villain Two-Face uses the bridge's Brooklyn anchorage for his hideout in the film Batman Forever.

1999: In Aftershock: Earthquake in New York, the Manhattan Bridge is one of many NYC landmarks to be destroyed by the earthquake that devastates Manhattan.

2005: The bridge is featured prominently in Peter Jackson's remake of King Kong.

2007: The film I Am Legend shows the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges with their center spans destroyed. A flashback reveals they were hit by missiles to stop the exodus from a quarantined Manhattan.

2009: In the remake of the film The Taking of Pelham 123, the final showdown between Ryder and Walter Garber takes place on the south pedestrian deck of the Manhattan Bridge.

Thursday, September 01, 2011

Melancong ke New York 6: Statue of Liberty

Sambung lagi (bila nak habis daaa)...  sesi Melancong ke New York.

Bot meneruskan perjalanan. Kali ni ke Statue Of Liberty.

Away we go...


The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World was a gift of friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States and is a universal symbol of freedom and democracy. The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on October 28, 1886, designated as a National Monument in 1924 and restored for her centennial on July 4, 1986.

Tapi bot cuma lalu dekat je. Tak berlabuh. Kalau nak, kena naik bot lain dan ada extra fee. Tak mahal pun. Yang mahal ialah masa.

Ramai orang nak naik atas crown tu tapi kena reserve dan ada quota: Reservations to Visit the Crown are limited to 240 people per day.

Dan ada security screening. Tak tau le kot ada orang nak mengebom patung ni. Logik juga sebab ia adalah simbol US yang bermakna.
  • Security Screening: Visitors to the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island must pass through security screening (similar to airport security procedures) before boarding the ferry system and again before entering the monument. Visitors with Pedestal or Crown reservations must complete their second security screening before 3:30 PM. We encourage visitors with reservations to board a ferry before 1:00 PM.

Siapa yang mengukir?

Artist Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi, who was known for large-scale work, was commissioned to design this sculpture. Nothing happened for some time, but finally (in 1874) Bartholdi came to the United States to look for a location for his monument. He saw Bedloe's Island from his ship as he sailed into the New York Harbor, and realized it would be a perfect location - since here his statue would always have an audience.

The Statue was completed in France in July of 1884, then disassembled and shipped to the United States. She arrived in NY In June 1885.

"Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World", which is the full title of Bartholdi's work was fashioned in the style of Greco-Roman art. Bartholdi used a technique called repousse to create her copper skin - hammering out each piece of copper until it was only 3/32 of an inch thick.

Bartholdi recruited French engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel to build a skeleton for his statue. Eiffel designed a massive iron pylon and secondary skeletal framework which allows the Statue's copper skin to move independently- yet stand upright. This flexibility is needed to allow the Statue to sway in the sometimes violent harbor winds.

Tapi sebenarnya patung ni tak lain dari berhala juga la ni. Islam melarang. Tengok kat US boleh la. Nak bina kat Malaysia - hopefully not.

Efek tragedi 9/11?

The tragedy of September 11, 2001 resulted in the closure of Liberty Island. The island re-opened after 100 days, however the Statue remained closed until August 3, 2004 when the pedestal level was opened for visitation. On July 4, 2009, the Crown of the Statue of Liberty was reopened to the public. Visitors must make a reservation to climb to the top of the Pedestal or to the Statue's Crown.

Bye!

Tuesday, August 30, 2011

Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge = moron

Black Metal?

Masa jalan-jalan di New York itu hari, tiba-tiba nampak ada orang berkumpul. Pakaian... fuh... saya ingatkan ada band Black Metal sedang busking. Rupa-rupanya... Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge.

Selain dari serang Kristianiti, depa juga serang Islam.


Moron.

Jew are blacks? First time tau. Kata mereka:

12 Tribes of Israel
Judah.......Negros/Blacks
Benjamin..West Indians
Levi..........Haitians
Simeon.....Dominicans
Zebulon....Guatemala to Panama
Ephraim....Puerto Ricans
Manasseh..Cubans
Gad...........Native Indians
Reuben......Seminole Indians
Napthali.....Argentina to Chile
Asher.........Columbia to Uruguay
Issachar......Mexicans

Abih la, mana nak letak Melayu. Hehehe... Macam-macam. Remember Nation of Islam? Lebih kurang la ni (kot?).

nota - teringat satu band tersohor kat Singapore tu hehehe...

Wednesday, August 24, 2011

Melancong ke New York 5: NY Harbour Midtown Cruise

Sambung lagi sesi Melancong ke New York.

Mengelilingi kepulauan Manhattan, kota metropolitan New York dengan cruise. Ia meliputi bahagian selatan kepulauan ini.

What a massive city. Pelancong luar dan dalam negara sibuk mengambil gambar.
Banyak jeti di sini. Berpuluh-puluh. Setiap satu ada cerita di sebaliknya.


Another view.

Ini kalau tak silap adalah terowong bawah tanah yang menghubungkan Manhattan dengan tanah besar.

Kalau tak silap gambar, jeti ini dikatakan sebagai lokasi filem Titanic (Leonardo DiCaprio)

The wonders of engineering (Civil & Structures)

Masing-masing khusyuk melayan view.

Manhattan yang dibina oleh pendatang dari Ireland, Italy, Dutch dan juga yahudi.

Tahukah anda bahawa populasi warga Bangladesh mencecah 200,000 di kepulauan Manhattan saja (seperti yang diberitahu oleh Shahrukh, my mate in Lehigh University)

I have no wonder why I took this. Maybe of the view?

Di penghujung pulau, kurang pencakar langit.

Apartment untuk warga marhaen. Simple.

Another apartments.

Nice view.

Macam Gotham City?

Residential areas di penghujung Manhattan.

Don't you wish you are here?

Approaching a bridge. Banyak jambatan di sini yang menghubungkan dua tanah.

Semua layan. Tengah panas ni.

Where are we going?

Further away!

And away!

Aisey... potong ;)