Using the following execution shown below, explain what is done in each of the ARIES recovery algorithm phases: LSN   LOG 00   begin_checkpoint 10 end_checkpoint 20 update: T1 writes P1 30 update: T2 writes P2 40 update: T3 writes P3 50 T2 commit 60 update: T3 writes P2 70 T2 end 80 update: T1 writes P5 90 T3 abort   CRASH, RESTART In addition to the execution shown here, the system crashes during recovery after writing two log records to stable storage and again after writing another two log records

A new application is being developed and will be using a database that includes a relation about items: Item (item_id:integer, item_name:string, color:string, price:real). Both the purchasing department in charge of obtaining raw material and the manufacturing department in charge of manufacturing the items can change the price of manufactured items according to changes that may happen in the raw material cost or production cost. The two departments use different transactions to update the price of items. The new application uses the following sequences of actions, listed in the order they are submitted to the DBMS: Sequence S1: T1:R(X), T2:W(X), T2:W(Y), T3:W(Y), T1:W(Y), T1:Commit, T2:Commit, T3:Commit Sequence S2: T1:R(X), T2:W(Y), T2:W(X), T3:W(Y), T1:W(Y), T1:Commit, T2:Commit, T3:Commit For each of the following concurrency control mechanisms, describe how they will handle each of the sequences (S1 & S2). Strict 2PL with timestamps used for deadlock prevention. Conservative…

As a database administrator of a large manufacturing organization, you are in charge of their website database that handles suppliers, parts, catalog, customers, and payments of delivered items. The following relations are part of the large database: Supplier(SID, Sname, Saddress, Stelephone)Customer(CID, Cname, Caddress, Ctelephone)Part(PID, Pname, Pmodel, Pcolor)Catalog(SID, PID, Price) (The Catalog relation lists the prices charged for parts by Suppliers). Because the application is web-based and the database is accessed by many users, you want to increase the concurrency usage without compromising the data quality. For each of the following transactions, state the minimum SQL isolation level you would use in order to avoid any conflict problems in them. Please explain your choice. A transaction that adds a new part to a supplier’s catalog. A transaction that increases the price that a supplier charges for a part. A transaction that determines the total number of items for a given…