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A radio controlled aircraft is instrumented with an airspeed sensor and a power module, which measures the airspeed V [m/s] with an uncertainty of ± 0.8 [m/s], the battery voltage E [V] with an uncertainty of ± 0.8 [V] and the current draw i with an uncertainty of ± 0.8 [A]. These sensors are used to estimate the coefficient of drag CD of the aircraft. For this purpose, the aircraft was flown under cruise condition at a constant speed, maintaining a constant altitude and the airspeed was recorded as V=10 [m/s]. A battery voltage of E=11.1 [V] and current draw i= 1[A] was also recorded. Prior to take off the weight of the aircraft was recorded using a scale as 0.8 [N] ± 0.03 [N], and the planform area S of the aircraft was found using a CAD model as 0.35 [m^2]. The air density p relevant to flight conditions was found to be p =1.225 [kg/m^3] and the propulsion efficiency was found to be 0.4. The coefficient of drag CD for cruise flight is governed by the following equation. Provide the…

The structure of a house is such that it loses heat at a rate of 4500 kJ/h per °C difference between the indoors and outdoors. A heat pump that requires a power input of 5.50 kW is used to maintain this house at 24°C. Determine the lowest outdoor temperature for which the heat pump can meet the heating requirements of this house. (Include a minus sign if necessary.) The lowest outdoor temperature for which the heat pump can meet the heating requirements of this house is ________  °C.

Annealing is an important step in many manufacturing processes, especially for metals. A particular manufacturing process requires annealing of a thin metallic sheet at 700°C. To accomplish this task, the sheet is placed in a large furnace, the walls of which are at approximately 730°C. An inert gas circulates through the oven to prevent oxidation of the metal. a) The metallic sheet can be approximated as diffuse, and the spectral emissivity of the sheet is shown in the figure. Determine the emissive power (W/m²) from the sheet when it is at a uniform T = 700°C. b) Determine the net rate of radiative flux (W/m²) to the metal sheet. (Note that the irradiance depends on the oven wall temperature, not the sheet temperature). 1 0.8 0.3 2.5 λ (μη) . c) The circulating inert gas comes from a reservoir and must be preheated before it flows into the furnace so that it doesn't cool the sheet too much. The anticipated convection coefficient between the sheet and the gas is h = 150 W/m² K. What…

5. For a gauge pressure at A in the figure shown which is equal to -1.58 psi and the specific gravity of liquid B = 1.00, find the pressure at pt. B. 10.50 ft Air 11.25 ft 9.00 10.00 ft Liquid B =1.60

Thermocouples are popular devices used to measure temperature, owing to their relatively inexpensive cost and overall accuracy. Simply taking the output of a thermocouple at face value can, however, result in significant errors. Consider measuring the temperature of hot process gas flowing through a large duct with a small thermocouple. The thermocouple surface is diffuse and gray with emissivity ε. The duct walls are known to be 400°C with total emissivity &w = 0.8. The error between the measured temperature (Ttc) and the process gas (T) is defined as AT = Ttc - To. If the true process gas temperature is T∞ = 125°C, plot the error for 5 values of the thermocouple emissivity, & = {0.1,0.3.0.5,0.7,0.9), as a function of the convection coefficient, {h | 15 5 W≤h≤ 103 W}. Comment on and explain your results. m²-K Note: When a "small" object is surrounded by "large" surroundings, the surroundings effectively behave as a black body. See sections 12.4 and 12.7 for further discussion.

You are designing a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant and you want to maximize the absorption of solar radiation by the concentrator tubes. The outside of the tubes must be coated with a thin layer of opaque insulating material to prevent oxidation and rusting when exposed to the elements. There are two choices of material for this coating. Each coating is diffuse but has unique spectral behavior. The spectral, hemispherical emissivities of each material are shown in the figure below. E 1.0 0.9 0.8 (1) 0.5 0.2 0 0 0.1 (2) 3 2, um a) Calculate the total, hemispherical absorptivity of each coating for use in this context and determine which surface coating (1 or 2) would act as the better solar absorber. Recall that ε = α for a diffuse surface. b) Would your analysis change if you were instead designing a surface for use in an infrared device intended to "see" objects in the range of 300 K-400 K? Explain and support your conclusions.

A small scale hydropower system located in Davos, Switzerland has an elevation difference between the reservoir water surface and the pond water surface downstream of the turbine of 10 m. The flow rate through the turbine is 1 m³/s. The turbine/generator efficiency is 83%. Determine the power produced in kW if: a) Flow losses are neglected b) Friction loss is equivalent to 1 m head. The rate of decrease in gravitational acceleration (g) is 0.00091 m/s² for every 304.88 m increase in height from sea level. (Davos is located 1,540 m above sea level.) Show all solutions with decimals rounded to four decimal places.

A hydraulic system uses incompressible fluid (usually oil) to transfer energy from one location to another. This is achieved by using pumps, valves, actuators (like cylinders or motors), and fluid lines to create and control mechanical movement. The hydraulic system shown in the figure has a diameter of 6 in. for plunger A while cylinder B has a diameter of 30 in. and is filled with oil (sg 0.75) The load in cylinder B is 12,000 lb. Determine force F to maintain equilibrium. F = Lbf Show all solutions with decimals rounded to four decimal places. plunger A 10 ft 12,000 lbs oil sg=0.75 cylinder B