OFFSET
0,2
COMMENTS
According to page 781 of the cited reference the generating function F(x) for a(n) is algebraic but not obviously so and the minimal polynomial satisfied by F(x) is quite large.
This sequence is the particular case a = 3, b = 1 of the following result (see Bober, Theorem 1.2): let a, b be nonnegative integers with a > b and gcd(a,b) = 1. Then (2*a*n)!*(b*n)!/((a*n)!*(2*b*n)!*((a-b)*n)!) is an integer for all integer n >= 0. Other cases include A211419 (a = 3, b = 2), A211420 (a = 4, b = 1) and A211421 (a = 4, b = 3) and A061163 (a = 5, b = 1). The o.g.f. Sum_{n >= 1} a(n)*z^n is algebraic over the field of rational functions Q(z) (see Rodriguez-Villegas). - Peter Bala, Apr 10 2012
REFERENCES
M. Kontsevich and D. Zagier, Periods, in Mathematics Unlimited - 2001 and Beyond, Springer, Berlin, 2001, pp. 771-808.
R. P. Stanley, Enumerative Combinatorics Volume 2, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1999, Theorem 6.33, p. 197.
LINKS
Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
J. W. Bober, Factorial ratios, hypergeometric series, and a family of step functions, 2007, arXiv:0709.1977 [math.NT], 2007; J. London Math. Soc., Vol. 79, Issue 2, (2009) 422-444.
W. Mlotkowski and Karol A. Penson, Probability distributions with binomial moments, arXiv preprint arXiv:1309.0595 [math.PR], 2013.
F. Rodriguez-Villegas, Integral ratios of factorials and algebraic hypergeometric functions, arXiv:math/0701362 [math.NT], 2007.
FORMULA
a(n) ~ 1/2*Pi^(-1/2)*n^(-1/2)*2^(2*n)*3^(3*n)*{1 - 1/72*n^-1 + ...}. - Joe Keane (jgk(AT)jgk.org), Jun 11 2002
n*(2*n-1)*a(n) -6*(6*n-1)*(6*n-5)*a(n-1)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Oct 26 2014
From Peter Bala, Aug 21 2016: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{k = 0..2*n} binomial(6*n, k)*binomial(4*n - k - 1, 2*n - k).
a(n) = Sum_{k = 0..n} binomial(8*n, 2*n - 2*k)*binomial(2*n + k - 1, k).
O.g.f. A(x) = Hypergeom([5/6, 1/6], [1/2], 108*x).
a(n) = [x^(2*n)] H(x)^n, where H(x) = (1 + x)^6/(1 - x)^2. Cf. A091496 and A262732. It follows that the o.g.f. A(x) for this sequence is the diagonal of the bivariate rational generating function 1/2*( 1/(1 - t*H(sqrt(x))) + 1/(1 - t*H(-sqrt(x))) ) and hence is algebraic by Stanley 1999, Theorem 6.33, p. 197.
Let G(x) = 1/x * series reversion( x*(1 - x)/(1 + x)^3 ) = 1 + 4*x + 23*x^2 + 156*x^3 + 1162*x^4 + ..., essentially the o.g.f. for A007297. Then A(x^2) equals the even part of 1 + x*d/dx(Log(G(x)).
exp(Sum_{n >= 1} a(n)*x^n/n) = F(x), where F(x) = 1 + 30*x + 1605*x^2 + 107218*x^3 + 8043114*x^4 + 647773116*x^5 + 54730094637*x^6 + ... has integer coefficients since F(x^2) = G(x)*G(-x). Furthermore, F(x)^(1/6) = 1 + 5*x + 205*x^2 + 12328*x^3 + 874444*x^4 + 68022261*x^5 + 5613007167*x^6 + ... appears to have all integer coefficients. (End)
a(n) is the n-th moment of the positive weight function w(x) on x = (0,108), i.e., in Maple notation: a(n) = int(x^n*w(x), x=0..108), n=0,1,..., where w(x) = sqrt(3)*(1 + sqrt(1 - x/108))^(2/3)/(12*2^(1/3)*Pi*x^(5/6)*sqrt(1 - x/108)) + 2^(4/3) *sqrt(3)/(864*Pi*x^(1/6)*(1 + sqrt(1 - x/108))^(2/3)*sqrt(1 - x/108)). The weight function w(x) is singular at x=0 and at x=108 and is the solution of the Hausdorff moment problem. This solution is unique. - Karol A. Penson, Mar 01 2018
MAPLE
A061162 := n->(6*n)!*n!/((3*n)!*(2*n)!^2);
MATHEMATICA
a[n_] := 16^n Gamma[3 n + 1/2]/(Gamma[n + 1/2] Gamma[2 n + 1]);
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 14}] (* Peter Luschny, Mar 01 2018 *)
PROG
(PARI) { for (n=0, 100, write("b061162.txt", n, " ", (6*n)!*n!/((3*n)!*(2*n)!^2)) ) } \\ Harry J. Smith, Jul 18 2009
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
easy,nonn
AUTHOR
Richard Stanley, Apr 17 2001
STATUS
approved