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r342 r368 1 <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.7 4.0"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.3.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="prev" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support"><link rel="next" href="VFS.html" title="Chapter 23. Stackable VFS modules"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="classicalprinting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CUPS-printing"></a>Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="orgname">Danka Deutschland GmbH </span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ciprian</span> <span class="surname">Vizitiu</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span> <div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="orgname">The Samba Team</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span> <div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (27 Jan 2004) </p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2632968">Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2632974">Features and Benefits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2633034">Overview</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2633153">Basic CUPS Support Configuration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2633268">Linking smbd with libcups.so</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2633517">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2633762">More Complex CUPS smb.conf Settings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634138">Advanced Configuration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634156">Central Spooling vs. Peer-to-Peer Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634206">Raw Print Serving: Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634441">Installation of Windows Client Drivers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-raw">Explicitly Enable raw Printing for application/octet-stream</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634728">Driver Upload Methods</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2634850">Advanced Intelligent Printing with PostScript Driver Download</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#gdipost">GDI on Windows, PostScript on UNIX</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635042">Windows Drivers, GDI, and EMF</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635220">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635579">Ghostscript: The Software RIP for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635733">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635816">Using Windows-Formatted Vendor PPDs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635936">CUPS Also Uses PPDs for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2635975">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2636211">MIME Types and CUPS Filters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2636640">MIME Type Conversion Rules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2636848">Filtering Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637005">Prefilters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637193">pstops</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637361">pstoraster</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637630">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637715">rasterto [printers specific]</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2637934">CUPS Backends</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638273">The Role of cupsomatic/foomatic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638508">The Complete Picture</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638521">mime.convs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638590">Raw Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638698">application/octet-stream Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2638977">PostScript Printer Descriptions for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639260">cupsomatic/foomatic-rip Versus Native CUPS Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639597">Examples for Filtering Chains</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640025">Sources of CUPS Drivers/PPDs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640148">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640243">Network Printing (Purely Windows)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640259">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640321">Driver Execution on the Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640393">Driver Execution on the Server</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640498">Network Printing (Windows Clients and UNIX/Samba Print2 Servers)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id264 0516">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640706">Samba Receiving Job-Files and Passing Them to CUPS</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640785">Network PostScript RIP</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640876">PPDs for Non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640920">PPDs for Non-PS Printers on Windows</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640988">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641003">Printer Drivers Running in Kernel ModeCause Many3 Problems</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id264 1041">Workarounds Impose Heavy Limitations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641059">CUPS: A Magical Stone?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641102">PostScript Drivers with No Major Problems, Even in Kernel4 Mode</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id264 1189">Configuring CUPS for Driver Download</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641212">cupsaddsmb: The Unknown Utility</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641310">Prepare Your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641591">CUPS PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641830">Recognizing Different Driver Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641949">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641974">ESP Print Pro PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642037">Caveats to Be Considered</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642336">Windows CUPS PostScript Driver Versus Adobe Driver</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642554">Run cupsaddsmb (Quiet Mode)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642694">Run cupsaddsmb with Verbose Output</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642886">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643030">How to Recognize If cupsaddsmb Completed Successfully</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643152">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643233">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643314">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-avoidps1">Avoiding Critical PostScript Driver Settings on the Client</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643549">Installing PostScript Driver Files Manually Using rpcclient</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643723">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643895">Understanding the rpcclient man Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644000">Producing an Example by Querying a Windows Box</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644132">Requirements for adddriver and setdriver to Succeed</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644357">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645315">Troubleshooting Revisited</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645458">The Printing *.tdb Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645661">Trivial Database Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645729">Binary Format</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645795">Losing *.tdb Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645846">Using tdbbackup</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645965">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646141">foomatic-rip and Foomatic Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646962">foomatic-rip and Foomatic PPD Download and Installation</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647435">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647471">Setting Up Quotas</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647525">Correct and Incorrect Accounting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647565">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647706">The page_log File Syntax</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647851">Possible Shortcomings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647917">Future Developments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647957">Other Accounting Tools</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647971">Additional Material</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648188">Autodeletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648264">CUPS Configuration Settings Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648349">Preconditions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648488">Manual Configuration</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648535">Printing from CUPS to Windows-Attached Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648832">More CUPS Filtering Chains</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648943">Common Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648949">Windows 9x/Me Client Can't Install Driver</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#root-ask-loop">cupsaddsmb Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649025">cupsaddsmb or rpcclient addriver Emit Error</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649063">cupsaddsmb Errors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649137">Client Can't Connect to Samba Printer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649162">New Account Reconnection from Windows 200x/XP Troubles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649253">Avoid Being Connected to the Samba Server as the Wrong User</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649304">Upgrading to CUPS Drivers from Adobe Drivers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649342">Can't Use cupsaddsmb on Samba Server, Which Is a PDC</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649378">Deleted Windows 200x Printer Driver Is Still Shown</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649412">Windows 200x/XP Local Security Policies</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649445">Administrator Cannot Install Printers for All Local Users</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649486">Print Change, Notify Functions on NT Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649512">Windows XP SP1</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649558">Print Options for All Users Can't Be Set on Windows 200x/XP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649842">Most Common Blunders in Driver Settings on Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649897">cupsaddsmb Does Not Work with Newly Installed Printer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649947">Permissions on /var/spool/samba/ Get Reset After Each Reboot</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650045">Print Queue Called lp Mishandles Print Jobs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650114">Location of Adobe PostScript Driver Files for cupsaddsmb</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650168">Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2632968"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2632974"></a>Features and Benefits</h3></div></div></div><p>5 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 2982"></a>1 <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.3.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="prev" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support"><link rel="next" href="VFS.html" title="Chapter 23. Stackable VFS modules"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="classicalprinting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CUPS-printing"></a>Chapter 22. CUPS Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ciprian</span> <span class="surname">Vizitiu</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span> <div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span> <div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (27 Jan 2004) </p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639060">Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639066">Features and Benefits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639126">Overview</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639245">Basic CUPS Support Configuration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639361">Linking smbd with libcups.so</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639609">Simple <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings for CUPS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2639853">More Complex CUPS <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640231">Advanced Configuration</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640248">Central Spooling vs. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Peer-to-Peer</span>”</span> Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640299">Raw Print Serving: Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640534">Installation of Windows Client Drivers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-raw">Explicitly Enable <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> Printing for <span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640821">Driver Upload Methods</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2640942">Advanced Intelligent Printing with PostScript Driver Download</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#gdipost">GDI on Windows, PostScript on UNIX</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641134">Windows Drivers, GDI, and EMF</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641313">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641672">Ghostscript: The Software RIP for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641826">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2641909">Using Windows-Formatted Vendor PPDs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642028">CUPS Also Uses PPDs for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642068">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642304">MIME Types and CUPS Filters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642732">MIME Type Conversion Rules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2642940">Filtering Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643098">Prefilters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643286">pstops</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643453">pstoraster</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643723">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2643807">rasterto [printers specific]</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644027">CUPS Backends</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644365">The Role of <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic/foomatic</code></em></a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644600">The Complete Picture</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644613"><code class="filename">mime.convs</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644682"><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Raw</span>”</span> Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2644790">application/octet-stream Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645069">PostScript Printer Descriptions for Non-PostScript Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645352"><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic/foomatic-rip</em></span> Versus <span class="emphasis"><em>Native CUPS</em></span> Printing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2645689">Examples for Filtering Chains</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646117">Sources of CUPS Drivers/PPDs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646240">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646335">Network Printing (Purely Windows)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646352">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646414">Driver Execution on the Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646485">Driver Execution on the Server</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646590">Network Printing (Windows Clients and UNIX/Samba Print 2 Servers)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646608">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646799">Samba Receiving Job-Files and Passing Them to CUPS</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646878">Network PostScript RIP</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2646968">PPDs for Non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647013">PPDs for Non-PS Printers on Windows</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647081">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647095">Printer Drivers Running in <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Kernel Mode</span>”</span> Cause Many 3 Problems</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647134">Workarounds Impose Heavy Limitations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647151">CUPS: A <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Magical Stone</span>”</span>?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647194">PostScript Drivers with No Major Problems, Even in Kernel 4 Mode</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647282">Configuring CUPS for Driver Download</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647304"><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>: The Unknown Utility</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647402">Prepare Your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647683">CUPS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</span>”</span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2647923">Recognizing Different Driver Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648041">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648067">ESP Print Pro PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648129">Caveats to Be Considered</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648429">Windows CUPS PostScript Driver Versus Adobe Driver</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648647">Run cupsaddsmb (Quiet Mode)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648787">Run cupsaddsmb with Verbose Output</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2648978">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649123">How to Recognize If cupsaddsmb Completed Successfully</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649245">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649326">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649407">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-avoidps1">Avoiding Critical PostScript Driver Settings on the Client</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649642">Installing PostScript Driver Files Manually Using rpcclient</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649816">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2649987">Understanding the rpcclient man Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650092">Producing an Example by Querying a Windows Box</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650224">Requirements for adddriver and setdriver to Succeed</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2650449">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651408">Troubleshooting Revisited</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651551">The Printing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651754">Trivial Database Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651821">Binary Format</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651887">Losing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2651938">Using <code class="literal">tdbbackup</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2652058">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2652233">foomatic-rip and Foomatic Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653055">foomatic-rip and Foomatic PPD Download and Installation</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653528">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653563">Setting Up Quotas</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653617">Correct and Incorrect Accounting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653658">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653798">The page_log File Syntax</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2653943">Possible Shortcomings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654009">Future Developments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654049">Other Accounting Tools</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654063">Additional Material</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654280">Autodeletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654356">CUPS Configuration Settings Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654441">Preconditions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654580">Manual Configuration</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654628">Printing from CUPS to Windows-Attached Printers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2654924">More CUPS Filtering Chains</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655035">Common Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655041">Windows 9x/Me Client Can't Install Driver</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#root-ask-loop"><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655118"><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">rpcclient addriver</span>”</span> Emit Error</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655156"><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> Errors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655230">Client Can't Connect to Samba Printer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655254">New Account Reconnection from Windows 200x/XP Troubles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655345">Avoid Being Connected to the Samba Server as the Wrong User</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655397">Upgrading to CUPS Drivers from Adobe Drivers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655434">Can't Use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> on Samba Server, Which Is a PDC</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655470">Deleted Windows 200x Printer Driver Is Still Shown</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655505">Windows 200x/XP Local Security Policies</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655538">Administrator Cannot Install Printers for All Local Users</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655579">Print Change, Notify Functions on NT Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655604">Windows XP SP1</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655651">Print Options for All Users Can't Be Set on Windows 200x/XP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655934">Most Common Blunders in Driver Settings on Windows Clients</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2655990"><code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> Does Not Work with Newly Installed Printer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2656039">Permissions on <code class="filename">/var/spool/samba/</code> Get Reset After Each Reboot</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2656138">Print Queue Called <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">lp</span>”</span> Mishandles Print Jobs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2656207">Location of Adobe PostScript Driver Files for <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2656260">Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" title="Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2639060"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Features and Benefits"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639066"></a>Features and Benefits</h3></div></div></div><p> 5 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639074"></a> 6 6 The Common UNIX Print System (<a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/" target="_top">CUPS</a>) 7 7 has become quite popular. All major Linux distributions now ship it as their default printing 8 8 system. To many, it is still a mystical tool. Mostly, it just works. People tend to regard 9 it as a “<span class="quote">black box</span>”that they do not want to look into as long as it works. But once9 it as a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">black box</span>”</span> that they do not want to look into as long as it works. But once 10 10 there is a little problem, they have trouble finding out where to start debugging it. Refer to 11 11 <a class="link" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing</a>, which contains much information 12 12 that is also relevant to CUPS. 13 13 </p><p> 14 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3017"></a>14 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639109"></a> 15 15 CUPS sports quite a few unique and powerful features. While its basic functions may be grasped quite 16 16 easily, they are also new. Because it is different from other, more traditional printing systems, it is best … … 18 18 the beginning. This documentation will lead you to a complete understanding of CUPS. Let's start with the most 19 19 basic things first. 20 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2633034"></a>Overview</h3></div></div></div><p>21 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3042"></a>22 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3049"></a>23 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3055"></a>24 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3062"></a>25 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3069"></a>26 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3079"></a>27 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3088"></a>28 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3095"></a>20 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Overview"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639126"></a>Overview</h3></div></div></div><p> 21 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639134"></a> 22 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639141"></a> 23 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639148"></a> 24 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639155"></a> 25 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639162"></a> 26 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639171"></a> 27 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639181"></a> 28 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639188"></a> 29 29 CUPS is more than just a print spooling system. It is a complete printer management system that 30 30 complies with the new Internet Printing Protocol (IPP). IPP is an industry and Internet Engineering Task Force … … 34 34 like KDE's overwhelming <a class="ulink" href="http://printing.kde.org/" target="_top">KDEPrint</a>). 35 35 </p><p> 36 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3121"></a>37 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3128"></a>36 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639213"></a> 37 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639220"></a> 38 38 CUPS allows creation of <span class="emphasis"><em>raw</em></span> printers (i.e., no print file format translation) as 39 39 well as <span class="emphasis"><em>smart</em></span> printers (i.e., CUPS does file format conversion as required for the … … 41 41 course, if you are a CUPS advocate, you would argue that CUPS is better! In any case, let us now explore how 42 42 to configure CUPS for interfacing with MS Windows print clients via Samba. 43 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2633153"></a>Basic CUPS Support Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p>44 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3161"></a>45 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3168"></a>46 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3174"></a>47 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3181"></a>48 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3188"></a>43 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Basic CUPS Support Configuration"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2639245"></a>Basic CUPS Support Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p> 44 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639253"></a> 45 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639260"></a> 46 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639267"></a> 47 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639274"></a> 48 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639280"></a> 49 49 Printing with CUPS in the most basic <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> setup in Samba-3.0 (as was true for 2.2.x) requires just two 50 50 parameters: <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = cups</a> and <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = cups</a>. CUPS does not need a printcap file. However, the … … 56 56 cupsd.conf</code> and other CUPS-related documentation, like the wealth of documents regarding the CUPS 57 57 server itself available from the <a class="ulink" href="http://localhost:631/documentation.html" target="_top">CUPS</a> web site. 58 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2633268"></a>Linking smbd with libcups.so</h3></div></div></div><p>59 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3276"></a>58 </p><div class="sect2" title="Linking smbd with libcups.so"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639361"></a>Linking smbd with libcups.so</h3></div></div></div><p> 59 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639369"></a> 60 60 Samba has a special relationship to CUPS. Samba can be compiled with CUPS library support. 61 61 Most recent installations have this support enabled. By default, CUPS linking is compiled … … 64 64 there are some differences in required or supported configuration. 65 65 </p><p> 66 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3302"></a>67 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3308"></a>66 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639394"></a> 67 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639400"></a> 68 68 When Samba is compiled and linked with <code class="filename">libcups</code>, <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = cups</a> 69 69 uses the CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, query queues, and so on. Otherwise it maps to the System V … … 80 80 </pre><p> 81 81 </p><p> 82 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3379"></a>82 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639471"></a> 83 83 The line <code class="computeroutput">libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x40123000)</code> shows 84 84 there is CUPS support compiled into this version of Samba. If this is the case, and printing = cups 85 85 is set, then <span class="emphasis"><em>any otherwise manually set print command in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> is ignored</em></span>. 86 86 This is an important point to remember! 87 </p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> Should it be necessary, for any reason, to set your own print commands, you can do this by setting87 </p><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> Should it be necessary, for any reason, to set your own print commands, you can do this by setting 88 88 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = sysv</a>. However, you will lose all the benefits 89 89 of tight CUPS-Samba integration. When you do this, you must manually configure the printing system commands … … 96 96 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND" target="_top">queuepause command</a> and 97 97 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#QUEUERESUMECOMMAND" target="_top">queue resume command</a>). 98 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2633517"></a>Simple <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings for CUPS</h3></div></div></div><p>98 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639609"></a>Simple <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings for CUPS</h3></div></div></div><p> 99 99 To summarize, <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-exam-simple" title="Example 22.1. Simplest Printing-Related smb.conf">the Simplest Printing-Related 100 100 <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file</a> shows the simplest printing-related setup for <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> to 101 101 enable basic CUPS support: 102 </p><div class="example"><a name="cups-exam-simple"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.1. Simplest Printing-Related smb.conf</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633577"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633589"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633600"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633621"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633633"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633644"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633656"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633668"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633679"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633691"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root, @ntadmins, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p>103 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3706"></a>104 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3713"></a>105 <a class="indexterm" name="id263 3720"></a>102 </p><div class="example"><a name="cups-exam-simple"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.1. Simplest Printing-Related smb.conf</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639670"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639681"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639692"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639713"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639725"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639737"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639748"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639760"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639772"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639783"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root, @ntadmins, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p> 103 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639799"></a> 104 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639805"></a> 105 <a class="indexterm" name="id2639812"></a> 106 106 This is all you need for basic printing setup for CUPS. It will print all graphic, text, PDF, and PostScript 107 107 files submitted from Windows clients. However, most of your Windows users would not know how to send these … … 109 109 installed, and the GUI application's print buttons start a printer driver. Your users also rarely send files 110 110 from the command line. Unlike UNIX clients, they rarely submit graphic, text, or PDF formatted files directly 111 to the spooler. They nearly exclusively print from GUI applications with a “<span class="quote">printer driver</span>”111 to the spooler. They nearly exclusively print from GUI applications with a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">printer driver</span>”</span> 112 112 hooked between the application's native format and the print data stream. If the backend printer is not a 113 PostScript device, the print data stream is “<span class="quote">binary,</span>”sensible only for the target printer. Read113 PostScript device, the print data stream is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">binary,</span>”</span> sensible only for the target printer. Read 114 114 on to learn what problem this may cause and how to avoid it. 115 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2633762"></a>More Complex CUPS <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>115 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="More Complex CUPS smb.conf Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639853"></a>More Complex CUPS <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> Settings</h3></div></div></div><p> 116 116 <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#overridesettings" title="Example 22.2. Overriding Global CUPS Settings for One Printer">The Overriding Global CUPS Settings for One Printer example</a> 117 117 is a slightly more complex printing-related setup for <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>. It enables general CUPS printing 118 118 support for all printers, but defines one printer share, which is set up differently. 119 </p><div class="example"><a name="overridesettings"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.2. Overriding Global CUPS Settings for One Printer</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633819"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633830"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633842"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633863"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633874"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633885"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633897"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633908"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633920"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root, @ntadmins, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[special_printer]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633941"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = A special printer with his own settings</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633954"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba-special</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633965"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = sysv</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633977"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap = lpstat</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2633989"></a><em class="parameter"><code>print command = echo "NEW: `date`: printfile %f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; echo " `date`: p-%p s-%s f-%f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; echo " `date`: j-%j J-%J z-%z c-%c" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; rm %f </code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634005"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634017"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634028"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634040"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = kurt</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634052"></a><em class="parameter"><code>hosts deny = 0.0.0.0</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2634064"></a><em class="parameter"><code>hosts allow = turbo_xp, 10.160.50.23, 10.160.51.60</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p>119 </p><div class="example"><a name="overridesettings"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.2. Overriding Global CUPS Settings for One Printer</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639910"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639922"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639934"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639954"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639966"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639978"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2639989"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640001"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640012"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root, @ntadmins, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[special_printer]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640034"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = A special printer with his own settings</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640046"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba-special</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640058"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = sysv</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640069"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap = lpstat</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640081"></a><em class="parameter"><code>print command = echo "NEW: `date`: printfile %f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; echo " `date`: p-%p s-%s f-%f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; echo " `date`: j-%j J-%J z-%z c-%c" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; rm %f </code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640098"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640109"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640121"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640132"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = kurt</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640144"></a><em class="parameter"><code>hosts deny = 0.0.0.0</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640156"></a><em class="parameter"><code>hosts allow = turbo_xp, 10.160.50.23, 10.160.51.60</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p> 120 120 This special share is only for testing purposes. It does not write the print job to a file. It just logs the job parameters 121 121 known to Samba into the <code class="filename">/tmp/smbprn.log</code> file and deletes the job-file. Moreover, the 122 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top">printer admin</a> of this share is “<span class="quote">kurt</span>” (not the “<span class="quote">@ntadmins</span>”group),122 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top">printer admin</a> of this share is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">kurt</span>”</span> (not the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">@ntadmins</span>”</span> group), 123 123 guest access is not allowed, the share isn't published to the Network Neighborhood (so you need to know it is there), and it 124 124 allows access from only three hosts. To prevent CUPS from kicking in and taking over the print jobs for that share, we need to set 125 125 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = sysv</a> and <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = lpstat</a>. 126 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2634138"></a>Advanced Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p>126 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Advanced Configuration"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640231"></a>Advanced Configuration</h2></div></div></div><p> 127 127 Before we delve into all the configuration options, let us clarify a few points. <span class="emphasis"><em>Network printing 128 128 needs to be organized and set up correctly</em></span>. This frequently doesn't happen. Legacy systems or small 129 129 business LAN environments often lack design and good housekeeping. 130 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2634156"></a>Central Spooling vs. “<span class="quote">Peer-to-Peer</span>”Printing</h3></div></div></div><p>131 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34167"></a>132 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34174"></a>133 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34183"></a>130 </p><div class="sect2" title="Central Spooling vs. “Peer-to-Peer” Printing"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640248"></a>Central Spooling vs. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Peer-to-Peer</span>”</span> Printing</h3></div></div></div><p> 131 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640260"></a> 132 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640266"></a> 133 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640275"></a> 134 134 Many small office or home networks, as well as badly organized larger environments, allow each client a direct 135 135 access to available network printers. This is generally a bad idea. It often blocks one client's access to the … … 139 139 central system, which responds immediately, takes jobs from multiple concurrent clients, and transfers them to 140 140 the printer(s) in the correct order. 141 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2634206"></a>Raw Print Serving: Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p>142 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34215"></a>143 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34221"></a>141 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Raw Print Serving: Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640299"></a>Raw Print Serving: Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p> 142 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640307"></a> 143 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640313"></a> 144 144 Most traditionally configured UNIX print servers acting on behalf of 145 145 Samba's Windows clients represented a really simple setup. Their only 146 task was to manage the “<span class="quote">raw</span>”spooling of all jobs handed to them by146 task was to manage the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> spooling of all jobs handed to them by 147 147 Samba. This approach meant that the Windows clients were expected to 148 148 prepare the print job file that is ready to be sent to the printing … … 150 150 be installed on each and every client for the target device. 151 151 </p><p> 152 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34243"></a>153 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34250"></a>152 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640335"></a> 153 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640342"></a> 154 154 It is possible to configure CUPS, Samba, and your Windows clients in the 155 155 same traditional and simple way. When CUPS printers are configured … … 165 165 attached to the Windows client. You then redirect output to a raw network 166 166 print queue. This procedure may be followed to achieve this: 167 </p><div class="procedure" ><a name="id2634274"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 22.1. Configuration Steps for Raw CUPS Printing Support</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p>168 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34286"></a>167 </p><div class="procedure" title="Procedure 22.1. Configuration Steps for Raw CUPS Printing Support"><a name="id2640366"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 22.1. Configuration Steps for Raw CUPS Printing Support</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step" title="Step 1"><p> 168 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640378"></a> 169 169 Edit <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> to uncomment the line 170 170 near the end of the file that has: … … 172 172 #application/octet-... 173 173 </pre><p> 174 </p></li><li ><p>175 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34313"></a>174 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 2"><p> 175 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640405"></a> 176 176 Do the same for the file <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code>. 177 </p></li><li ><p>177 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 3"><p> 178 178 Add a raw printer using the Web interface. Point your browser at 179 179 <code class="constant">http://localhost:631</code>. Enter Administration, and add 180 180 the printer following the prompts. Do not install any drivers for it. 181 181 Choose Raw. Choose queue name <code class="constant">Raw Queue</code>. 182 </p></li><li ><p>182 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 4"><p> 183 183 In the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file <code class="constant">[printers]</code> section add 184 184 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#USECLIENTDRIVER" target="_top">use client driver = Yes</a>, … … 186 186 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = CUPS</a>, plus 187 187 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = CUPS</a>. 188 </p></li><li ><p>188 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 5"><p> 189 189 Install the printer as if it is a local printer, that is, Printing to <code class="constant">LPT1:</code>. 190 </p></li><li ><p>190 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 6"><p> 191 191 Edit the configuration under the <span class="guimenu">Detail</span> tab and create a 192 192 <code class="constant">local port</code> that points to the raw printer queue that … … 194 194 Here, the name <code class="constant">raw_q</code> is the name you gave the print 195 195 queue in the CUPS environment. 196 </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2634441"></a>Installation of Windows Client Drivers</h3></div></div></div><p>196 </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Installation of Windows Client Drivers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640534"></a>Installation of Windows Client Drivers</h3></div></div></div><p> 197 197 The printer drivers on the Windows clients may be installed 198 198 in two functionally different ways: 199 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Manually install the drivers locally on each client,199 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Manually install the drivers locally on each client, 200 200 one by one; this yields the old LanMan style 201 201 printing and uses a <code class="filename">\\sambaserver\printershare</code> 202 type of connection.</p></li><li ><p>203 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34471"></a>202 type of connection.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 203 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640563"></a> 204 204 Deposit and prepare the drivers (for later download) on 205 205 the print server (Samba); this enables the clients to use 206 “<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”to get drivers semi-automatically installed the206 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”</span> to get drivers semi-automatically installed the 207 207 first time they access the printer; with this method NT/200x/XP 208 208 clients use the <span class="emphasis"><em>SPOOLSS/MS-RPC</em></span> … … 211 211 administrative efforts and prevents that different versions of the drivers 212 212 are used accidentally. 213 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cups-raw"></a>Explicitly Enable “<span class="quote">raw</span>”Printing for <span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span></h3></div></div></div><p>214 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34517"></a>215 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34524"></a>216 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34531"></a>213 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Explicitly Enable “raw” Printing for application/octet-stream"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cups-raw"></a>Explicitly Enable <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> Printing for <span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span></h3></div></div></div><p> 214 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640610"></a> 215 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640616"></a> 216 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640623"></a> 217 217 If you use the first option (drivers are installed on the client 218 218 side), there is one setting to take care of: CUPS needs to be told 219 that it should allow “<span class="quote">raw</span>”printing of deliberate (binary) file219 that it should allow <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> printing of deliberate (binary) file 220 220 formats. The CUPS files that need to be correctly set for raw mode 221 221 printers to work are: 222 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code></p></li><li><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code></p></li></ul></div><p>222 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code></p></li></ul></div><p> 223 223 Both contain entries (at the end of the respective files) that must be uncommented to allow RAW mode 224 224 operation. In <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code>, make sure this line is present: … … 226 226 application/octet-stream 227 227 </pre><p> 228 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34586"></a>229 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34593"></a>228 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640678"></a> 229 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640685"></a> 230 230 In <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code>, have this line: 231 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34606"></a>231 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640699"></a> 232 232 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 233 233 application/octet-stream application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - … … 236 236 printing, you may encounter the dreaded <code class="computeroutput">Unable to 237 237 convert file 0</code> in your CUPS <code class="filename">error_log</code> file. 238 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>238 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 239 239 Editing the <code class="filename">mime.convs</code> and the <code class="filename">mime.types</code> file does 240 not <span class="emphasis"><em>enforce</em></span> “<span class="quote">raw</span>”printing, it only <span class="emphasis"><em>allows</em></span> it.241 </p></div><p ><b>Background. </b>242 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34670"></a>243 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34677"></a>240 not <span class="emphasis"><em>enforce</em></span> <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> printing, it only <span class="emphasis"><em>allows</em></span> it. 241 </p></div><p title="Background"><b>Background. </b> 242 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640762"></a> 243 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640770"></a> 244 244 That CUPS is a more security-aware printing system than traditional ones does not by default allow a user to 245 245 send deliberate (possibly binary) data to printing devices. This could be easily abused to launch a 246 “<span class="quote">Denial of Service</span>”attack on your printer(s), causing at least the loss of a lot of paper and247 ink. “<span class="quote">Unknown</span>”data are tagged by CUPS as <em class="parameter"><code>MIME type: application/octet-stream</code></em>248 and not allowed to go to the printer. By default, you can only send other (known) MIME types “<span class="quote">raw.</span>”249 Sending data “<span class="quote">raw</span>”means that CUPS does not try to convert them and passes them to the printer246 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Denial of Service</span>”</span> attack on your printer(s), causing at least the loss of a lot of paper and 247 ink. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Unknown</span>”</span> data are tagged by CUPS as <em class="parameter"><code>MIME type: application/octet-stream</code></em> 248 and not allowed to go to the printer. By default, you can only send other (known) MIME types <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw.</span>”</span> 249 Sending data <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> means that CUPS does not try to convert them and passes them to the printer 250 250 untouched. 251 251 </p><p> 252 252 This is all you need to know to get the CUPS/Samba combo printing 253 “<span class="quote">raw</span>”files prepared by Windows clients, which have vendor drivers253 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> files prepared by Windows clients, which have vendor drivers 254 254 locally installed. If you are not interested in background information about 255 255 more advanced CUPS/Samba printing, simply skip the remaining sections 256 256 of this chapter. 257 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2634728"></a>Driver Upload Methods</h3></div></div></div><p>257 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Driver Upload Methods"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640821"></a>Driver Upload Methods</h3></div></div></div><p> 258 258 This section describes three familiar methods, plus one new one, by which 259 259 printer drivers may be uploaded. 260 260 </p><p> 261 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34742"></a>261 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640834"></a> 262 262 If you want to use the MS-RPC-type printing, you must upload the 263 263 drivers onto the Samba server first (<em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> 264 264 share). For a discussion on how to deposit printer drivers on the 265 265 Samba host (so the Windows clients can download and use them via 266 “<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”), please refer to the <a class="link" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing266 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”</span>), please refer to the <a class="link" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing 267 267 chapter</a> of this book. There you will find a description or reference to 268 268 three methods of preparing the client drivers on the Samba server: 269 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>270 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34779"></a>271 The GUI, “<span class="quote">Add Printer Wizard</span>”<span class="emphasis"><em>upload-from-a-Windows-client</em></span> method.272 </p></li><li ><p>273 The command line, “<span class="quote">smbclient/rpcclient</span>”upload-from-a-UNIX-workstation method.274 </p></li><li ><p>275 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34807"></a>269 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 270 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640871"></a> 271 The GUI, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Add Printer Wizard</span>”</span> <span class="emphasis"><em>upload-from-a-Windows-client</em></span> method. 272 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 273 The command line, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">smbclient/rpcclient</span>”</span> upload-from-a-UNIX-workstation method. 274 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 275 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640900"></a> 276 276 The Imprints tool set method. 277 277 </p></li></ul></div><p> 278 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34819"></a>278 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640911"></a> 279 279 These three methods apply to CUPS all the same. The <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> utility is a new and more 280 280 convenient way to load the Windows drivers into Samba and is provided if you use CUPS. … … 282 282 <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> is discussed in much detail later in this chapter. But we first 283 283 explore the CUPS filtering system and compare the Windows and UNIX printing architectures. 284 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2634850"></a>Advanced Intelligent Printing with PostScript Driver Download</h2></div></div></div><p>285 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34858"></a>286 We now know how to set up a “<span class="quote">dump</span>”print server, that is, a server that spools287 print jobs “<span class="quote">raw</span>”, leaving the print data untouched.284 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Advanced Intelligent Printing with PostScript Driver Download"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640942"></a>Advanced Intelligent Printing with PostScript Driver Download</h2></div></div></div><p> 285 <a class="indexterm" name="id2640951"></a> 286 We now know how to set up a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">dump</span>”</span> print server, that is, a server that spools 287 print jobs <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span>, leaving the print data untouched. 288 288 </p><p> 289 289 You might need to set up CUPS in a smarter way. The reasons could be manifold: 290 </p><a class="indexterm" name="id26 34882"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2634889"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2634896"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Maybe your boss wants to get monthly statistics: Which290 </p><a class="indexterm" name="id2640975"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2640982"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2640989"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Maybe your boss wants to get monthly statistics: Which 291 291 printer did how many pages? What was the average data size of a job? 292 292 What was the average print run per day? What are the typical hourly 293 peaks in printing? Which department prints how much?</p></li><li ><p>Maybe you are asked to set up a print quota system:293 peaks in printing? Which department prints how much?</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Maybe you are asked to set up a print quota system: 294 294 Users should not be able to print more jobs once they have surpassed 295 a given limit per period.</p></li><li ><p>Maybe your previous network printing setup is a mess296 and must be re-organized from a clean beginning.</p></li><li ><p>Maybe you are experiencing too many “<span class="quote">blue screens</span>”297 originating from poorly debugged printer drivers running in NT “<span class="quote">kernel mode</span>”?</p></li></ul></div><p>295 a given limit per period.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Maybe your previous network printing setup is a mess 296 and must be re-organized from a clean beginning.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Maybe you are experiencing too many <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">blue screens</span>”</span> 297 originating from poorly debugged printer drivers running in NT <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">kernel mode</span>”</span>?</p></li></ul></div><p> 298 298 These goals cannot be achieved by a raw print server. To build a 299 299 server meeting these requirements, you'll first need to learn … … 303 303 Windows and UNIX printing, then a description of the 304 304 CUPS filtering system, how it works, and how you can tweak it. 305 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="gdipost"></a>GDI on Windows, PostScript on UNIX</h3></div></div></div><p>306 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34965"></a>307 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34972"></a>305 </p><div class="sect2" title="GDI on Windows, PostScript on UNIX"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="gdipost"></a>GDI on Windows, PostScript on UNIX</h3></div></div></div><p> 306 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641058"></a> 307 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641064"></a> 308 308 Network printing is one of the most complicated and error-prone 309 309 day-to-day tasks any user or administrator may encounter. This is 310 310 true for all OS platforms, and there are reasons it is so. 311 311 </p><p> 312 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34985"></a>313 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34992"></a>314 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 34999"></a>315 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35006"></a>316 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35013"></a>312 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641078"></a> 313 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641085"></a> 314 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641092"></a> 315 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641098"></a> 316 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641105"></a> 317 317 You can't expect to throw just any file format at a printer and have it get printed. A file format conversion 318 318 must take place. The problem is that there is no common standard for print file formats across all 319 319 manufacturers and printer types. While PostScript (trademark held by Adobe) and, to an extent, PCL (trademark 320 held by Hewlett-Packard) have developed into semi-official “<span class="quote">standards</span>”by being the most widely321 used page description languages (PDLs), there are still many manufacturers who “<span class="quote">roll their own</span>”320 held by Hewlett-Packard) have developed into semi-official <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">standards</span>”</span> by being the most widely 321 used page description languages (PDLs), there are still many manufacturers who <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">roll their own</span>”</span> 322 322 (their reasons may be unacceptable license fees for using printer-embedded PostScript interpreters, and so on). 323 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635042"></a>Windows Drivers, GDI, and EMF</h3></div></div></div><p>324 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35050"></a>325 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35056"></a>326 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35063"></a>327 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35070"></a>323 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Windows Drivers, GDI, and EMF"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641134"></a>Windows Drivers, GDI, and EMF</h3></div></div></div><p> 324 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641142"></a> 325 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641149"></a> 326 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641156"></a> 327 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641162"></a> 328 328 In Windows OS, the format conversion job is done by the printer drivers. On MS Windows OS platforms all 329 329 application programmers have at their disposal a built-in API, the graphical device interface (GDI), as part … … 335 335 the GDI, often produces a file format called Enhanced MetaFile (EMF). The EMF is processed by the printer 336 336 driver and converted to the printer-specific file format. 337 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>338 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35105"></a>339 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35112"></a>340 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35119"></a>337 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 338 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641198"></a> 339 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641204"></a> 340 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641211"></a> 341 341 To the GDI foundation in MS Windows, Apple has chosen to put paper and screen output on a common foundation 342 for its (BSD-UNIX-based, did you know?) Mac OS X and Darwin operating <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35129"></a> <a class="indexterm" name="id2635136"></a>343 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35143"></a> <a class="indexterm" name="id2635149"></a> systems.342 for its (BSD-UNIX-based, did you know?) Mac OS X and Darwin operating <a class="indexterm" name="id2641221"></a> <a class="indexterm" name="id2641228"></a> 343 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641235"></a> <a class="indexterm" name="id2641242"></a> systems. 344 344 Apple's <span class="emphasis"><em>core graphic engine</em></span> uses a <span class="emphasis"><em>PDF</em></span> derivative for all display work. 345 345 </p></div><p> 346 346 The example in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#1small" title="Figure 22.1. Windows Printing to a Local Printer.">Windows Printing to a Local Printer</a> illustrates local Windows 347 347 printing. 348 </p><div class="figure"><a name="1small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.1. Windows Printing to a Local Printer.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/1small.png" alt="Windows Printing to a Local Printer."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635220"></a>UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</h3></div></div></div><p>349 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35229"></a>350 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35236"></a>351 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35242"></a>352 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35249"></a>348 </p><div class="figure"><a name="1small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.1. Windows Printing to a Local Printer.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/1small.png" alt="Windows Printing to a Local Printer."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641313"></a>UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</h3></div></div></div><p> 349 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641321"></a> 350 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641328"></a> 351 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641335"></a> 352 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641341"></a> 353 353 In UNIX and Linux, there is no comparable layer built into the OS kernel(s) or the X (screen display) server. 354 354 Every application is responsible for itself to create its print output. Fortunately, most use PostScript and … … 357 357 displayed on screen and how it is presented on paper. WYSIWYG is more difficult to achieve. This goes back to 358 358 the time, decades ago, when the predecessors of X.org, designing the UNIX foundations and protocols for 359 graphical user interfaces, refused to take responsibility for “<span class="quote">paper output</span>”, as some had360 demanded at the time, and restricted itself to “<span class="quote">on-screen only.</span>”(For some years now, the361 “<span class="quote">Xprint</span>”project has been under development, attempting to build printing support into the X359 graphical user interfaces, refused to take responsibility for <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">paper output</span>”</span>, as some had 360 demanded at the time, and restricted itself to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">on-screen only.</span>”</span> (For some years now, the 361 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Xprint</span>”</span> project has been under development, attempting to build printing support into the X 362 362 framework, including a PostScript and a PCL driver, but it is not yet ready for prime time.) You can see this 363 unfavorable inheritance up to the present day by looking into the various “<span class="quote">font</span>”directories on363 unfavorable inheritance up to the present day by looking into the various <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">font</span>”</span> directories on 364 364 your system; there are separate ones for fonts used for X display and fonts to be used on paper. 365 </p><p ><b>Background. </b>366 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35299"></a>367 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35306"></a>368 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35313"></a>369 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35319"></a>370 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35326"></a>371 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35333"></a>372 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35340"></a>373 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35347"></a>374 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35354"></a>375 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35360"></a>376 The PostScript programming language is an “<span class="quote">invention</span>”by Adobe, but its specifications have been365 </p><p title="Background"><b>Background. </b> 366 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641391"></a> 367 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641398"></a> 368 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641405"></a> 369 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641412"></a> 370 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641419"></a> 371 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641425"></a> 372 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641432"></a> 373 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641439"></a> 374 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641446"></a> 375 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641453"></a> 376 The PostScript programming language is an <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">invention</span>”</span> by Adobe, but its specifications have been 377 377 published extensively. Its strength lies in its powerful abilities to describe graphical objects (fonts, 378 378 shapes, patterns, lines, curves, and dots), their attributes (color, linewidth), and the way to manipulate 379 379 (scale, distort, rotate, shift) them. Because of its open specification, anybody with the skill can start 380 380 writing his or her own implementation of a PostScript interpreter and use it to display PostScript files on 381 screen or on paper. Most graphical output devices are based on the concept of “<span class="quote">raster images</span>”or382 “<span class="quote">pixels</span>”(one notable exception is pen plotters). Of course, you can look at a PostScript file in381 screen or on paper. Most graphical output devices are based on the concept of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raster images</span>”</span> or 382 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">pixels</span>”</span> (one notable exception is pen plotters). Of course, you can look at a PostScript file in 383 383 its textual form and you will be reading its PostScript code, the language instructions that need to be 384 384 interpreted by a rasterizer. Rasterizers produce pixel images, which may be displayed on screen by a viewer 385 385 program or on paper by a printer. 386 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="post-and-ghost"></a>PostScript and Ghostscript</h3></div></div></div><p>387 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35410"></a>388 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35417"></a>389 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35426"></a>390 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35435"></a>391 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35442"></a>386 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="PostScript and Ghostscript"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="post-and-ghost"></a>PostScript and Ghostscript</h3></div></div></div><p> 387 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641503"></a> 388 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641509"></a> 389 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641519"></a> 390 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641528"></a> 391 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641535"></a> 392 392 So UNIX is lacking a common ground for printing on paper and displaying on screen. Despite this unfavorable 393 393 legacy for UNIX, basic printing is fairly easy if you have PostScript printers at your disposal. The reason is 394 that these devices have a built-in PostScript language “<span class="quote">interpreter,</span>”also called a raster image394 that these devices have a built-in PostScript language <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">interpreter,</span>”</span> also called a raster image 395 395 processor (RIP), (which makes them more expensive than other types of printers; throw PostScript toward them, 396 396 and they will spit out your printed pages. The RIP does all the hard work of converting the PostScript drawing 397 397 commands into a bitmap picture as you see it on paper, in a resolution as done by your printer. This is no 398 398 different than PostScript printing a file from a Windows origin. 399 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>400 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35471"></a>401 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35478"></a>402 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35485"></a>399 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 400 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641564"></a> 401 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641570"></a> 402 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641577"></a> 403 403 Traditional UNIX programs and printing systems while using PostScript are largely not 404 PPD-aware. PPDs are “<span class="quote">PostScript Printer Description</span>”files. They enable you to specify and404 PPD-aware. PPDs are <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">PostScript Printer Description</span>”</span> files. They enable you to specify and 405 405 control all options a printer supports: duplexing, stapling, and punching. Therefore, UNIX users for a long 406 406 time couldn't choose many of the supported device and job options, unlike Windows or Apple users. But now 407 407 there is CUPS. as illustrated in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#2small" title="Figure 22.2. Printing to a PostScript Printer.">Printing to a PostScript Printer</a>. 408 408 </p></div><div class="figure"><a name="2small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.2. Printing to a PostScript Printer.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/2small.png" alt="Printing to a PostScript Printer."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 409 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35563"></a>409 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641656"></a> 410 410 However, there are other types of printers out there. These do not know how to print PostScript. They use 411 411 their own PDL, often proprietary. To print to them is much more demanding. Since your UNIX applications mostly 412 412 produce PostScript, and since these devices do not understand PostScript, you need to convert the print files 413 413 to a format suitable for your printer on the host before you can send it away. 414 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635579"></a>Ghostscript: The Software RIP for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p>415 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35588"></a>414 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Ghostscript: The Software RIP for Non-PostScript Printers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641672"></a>Ghostscript: The Software RIP for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p> 415 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641680"></a> 416 416 Here is where Ghostscript kicks in. Ghostscript is the traditional (and quite powerful) PostScript interpreter 417 417 used on UNIX platforms. It is a RIP in software, capable of doing a <span class="emphasis"><em>lot</em></span> of file format … … 419 419 technology and drivers are what enable PostScript printing to non-PostScript hardware. This is shown in 420 420 <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#3small" title="Figure 22.3. Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers.">Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers</a>. 421 </p><div class="figure"><a name="3small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.3. Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/3small.png" alt="Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>422 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35659"></a>423 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35665"></a>424 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35672"></a>425 Use the “<span class="quote">gs -h</span>” command to check for all built-in “<span class="quote">devices</span>”on your Ghostscript421 </p><div class="figure"><a name="3small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.3. Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/3small.png" alt="Ghostscript as a RIP for Non-PostScript Printers."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> 422 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641751"></a> 423 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641758"></a> 424 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641764"></a> 425 Use the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">gs -h</span>”</span> command to check for all built-in <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">devices</span>”</span> on your Ghostscript 426 426 version. If you specify a parameter of <em class="parameter"><code>-sDEVICE=png256</code></em> on your Ghostscript command 427 line, you are asking Ghostscript to convert the input into a PNG file. Naming a “<span class="quote">device</span>”on the427 line, you are asking Ghostscript to convert the input into a PNG file. Naming a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">device</span>”</span> on the 428 428 command line is the most important single parameter to tell Ghostscript exactly how it should render the 429 429 input. New Ghostscript versions are released at fairly regular intervals, now by artofcode LLC. They are 430 initially put under the “<span class="quote">AFPL</span>”license, but re-released under the GNU GPL as soon as the next430 initially put under the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">AFPL</span>”</span> license, but re-released under the GNU GPL as soon as the next 431 431 AFPL version appears. GNU Ghostscript is probably the version installed on most Samba systems. But it has some 432 deficiencies. <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35710"></a> Therefore, ESP Ghostscript was developed as an enhancement over GNU Ghostscript,432 deficiencies. <a class="indexterm" name="id2641803"></a> Therefore, ESP Ghostscript was developed as an enhancement over GNU Ghostscript, 433 433 with lots of bug-fixes, additional devices, and improvements. It is jointly maintained by developers from 434 CUPS, Gutenprint, MandrakeSoft, SuSE, Red Hat, and Debian. It includes the “<span class="quote">cups</span>”device434 CUPS, Gutenprint, MandrakeSoft, SuSE, Red Hat, and Debian. It includes the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cups</span>”</span> device 435 435 (essential to print to non-PS printers from CUPS). 436 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635733"></a>PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</h3></div></div></div><p>437 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35742"></a>438 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35748"></a>439 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35755"></a>436 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641826"></a>PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</h3></div></div></div><p> 437 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641834"></a> 438 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641841"></a> 439 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641847"></a> 440 440 While PostScript in essence is a PDL to represent the page layout in a device-independent way, real-world 441 441 print jobs are always ending up being output on hardware with device-specific features. To take care of all … … 458 458 PostScript, PJL, JCL, or vendor-dependent commands) into the PostScript 459 459 file created by the driver. 460 </p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>461 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35795"></a>462 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35801"></a>460 </p><div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> 461 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641887"></a> 462 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641894"></a> 463 463 A PostScript file that was created to contain device-specific commands 464 464 for achieving a certain print job output (e.g., duplexed, stapled, and … … 466 466 may not be printable at all on other models; it also may not be fit 467 467 for further processing by software (e.g., by a PDF distilling program). 468 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635816"></a>Using Windows-Formatted Vendor PPDs</h3></div></div></div><p>469 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35824"></a>470 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35831"></a>471 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35838"></a>468 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Using Windows-Formatted Vendor PPDs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641909"></a>Using Windows-Formatted Vendor PPDs</h3></div></div></div><p> 469 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641917"></a> 470 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641924"></a> 471 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641930"></a> 472 472 CUPS can handle all spec-compliant PPDs as supplied by the manufacturers for their PostScript models. Even if 473 473 a vendor does not mention our favorite OS in his or her manuals and brochures, you can safely trust this: 474 474 <span class="emphasis"><em>If you get the Windows NT version of the PPD, you can use it unchanged in CUPS</em></span> and thus 475 475 access the full power of your printer just like a Windows NT user could! 476 </p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>476 </p><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> 477 477 To check the spec compliance of any PPD online, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/testppd.php" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/testppd.php</a> and upload your PPD. You will 478 478 see the results displayed immediately. CUPS in all versions after 1.1.19 has a much stricter internal PPD 479 479 parsing and checking code enabled; in case of printing trouble, this online resource should be one of your 480 480 first pit stops. 481 </p></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>482 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35878"></a>483 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35884"></a>481 </p></div><div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> 482 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641970"></a> 483 <a class="indexterm" name="id2641977"></a> 484 484 For real PostScript printers, <span class="emphasis"><em>do not</em></span> use the <span class="emphasis"><em>Foomatic</em></span> or 485 485 <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic</em></span> PPDs from Linuxprinting.org. With these devices, the original vendor-provided 486 486 PPDs are always the first choice. 487 </p></div><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>488 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35909"></a>487 </p></div><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> 488 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642002"></a> 489 489 If you are looking for an original vendor-provided PPD of a specific device, and you know that an NT4 box (or 490 490 any other Windows box) on your LAN has the PostScript driver installed, just use <code class="literal">smbclient 491 491 //NT4-box/print\$ -U username</code> to access the Windows directory where all printer driver files are 492 492 stored. First look in the <code class="filename">W32X86/2</code> subdirectory for the PPD you are seeking. 493 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2635936"></a>CUPS Also Uses PPDs for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p>494 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35944"></a>495 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35951"></a>496 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35958"></a>493 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="CUPS Also Uses PPDs for Non-PostScript Printers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642028"></a>CUPS Also Uses PPDs for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p> 494 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642037"></a> 495 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642044"></a> 496 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642050"></a> 497 497 CUPS also uses specially crafted PPDs to handle non-PostScript printers. These PPDs are usually not available 498 498 from the vendors (and no, you can't just take the PPD of a PostScript printer with the same model name and 499 499 hope it works for the non-PostScript version too). To understand how these PPDs work for non-PS printers, we 500 500 first need to dive deeply into the CUPS filtering and file format conversion architecture. Stay tuned. 501 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2635975"></a>The CUPS Filtering Architecture</h2></div></div></div><p>502 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35984"></a>503 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35990"></a>504 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 35997"></a>505 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36004"></a>506 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36011"></a>501 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="The CUPS Filtering Architecture"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2642068"></a>The CUPS Filtering Architecture</h2></div></div></div><p> 502 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642076"></a> 503 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642083"></a> 504 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642090"></a> 505 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642096"></a> 506 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642103"></a> 507 507 The core of the CUPS filtering system is based on Ghostscript. In addition to Ghostscript, CUPS uses some 508 508 other filters of its own. You (or your OS vendor) may have plugged in even more filters. CUPS handles all data … … 514 514 </p><p> 515 515 If CUPS rasterizes a PostScript file natively to a bitmap, this is done in two stages: 516 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>517 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36041"></a>518 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36048"></a>519 The first stage uses a Ghostscript device named “<span class="quote">cups</span>”516 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 517 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642133"></a> 518 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642140"></a> 519 The first stage uses a Ghostscript device named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cups</span>”</span> 520 520 (this is since version 1.1.15) and produces a generic raster format 521 called “<span class="quote">CUPS raster</span>”.522 </p></li><li ><p>523 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36068"></a>524 The second stage uses a “<span class="quote">raster driver</span>”that converts521 called <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">CUPS raster</span>”</span>. 522 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 523 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642160"></a> 524 The second stage uses a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raster driver</span>”</span> that converts 525 525 the generic CUPS raster to a device-specific raster. 526 526 </p></li></ul></div><p> 527 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36085"></a>528 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36092"></a>529 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36098"></a>530 Make sure your Ghostscript version has the “<span class="quote">cups</span>”device compiled in (check with <code class="literal">gs -h |527 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642177"></a> 528 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642184"></a> 529 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642191"></a> 530 Make sure your Ghostscript version has the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cups</span>”</span> device compiled in (check with <code class="literal">gs -h | 531 531 grep cups</code>). Otherwise you may encounter the dreaded <code class="computeroutput">Unable to convert file 532 0</code> in your CUPS error_log file. To have “<span class="quote">cups</span>”as a device in your Ghostscript,532 0</code> in your CUPS error_log file. To have <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cups</span>”</span> as a device in your Ghostscript, 533 533 you either need to patch GNU Ghostscript and recompile or use 534 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36129"></a><a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/ghostscript.php" target="_top">ESP Ghostscript</a>. The superior alternative is ESP534 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642222"></a><a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/ghostscript.php" target="_top">ESP Ghostscript</a>. The superior alternative is ESP 535 535 Ghostscript. It supports not just CUPS, but 300 other devices (while GNU Ghostscript supports only about 180). 536 536 Because of this broad output device support, ESP Ghostscript is the first choice for non-CUPS spoolers, too. 537 537 It is now recommended by Linuxprinting.org for all spoolers. 538 538 </p><p> 539 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36152"></a>540 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36159"></a>541 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36165"></a>542 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36172"></a>539 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642244"></a> 540 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642251"></a> 541 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642258"></a> 542 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642265"></a> 543 543 CUPS printers may be set up to use external rendering paths. One of the most common is provided by the 544 544 Foomatic/cupsomatic concept from <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" target="_top">Linuxprinting.org</a>. This 545 545 uses the classical Ghostscript approach, doing everything in one step. It does not use the 546 “<span class="quote">cups</span>”device, but one of the many others. However, even for Foomatic/cupsomatic usage, best547 results and <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36195"></a> broadest printer546 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cups</span>”</span> device, but one of the many others. However, even for Foomatic/cupsomatic usage, best 547 results and <a class="indexterm" name="id2642287"></a> broadest printer 548 548 model support is provided by ESP Ghostscript (more about Foomatic/cupsomatic, particularly the new version 549 549 called now <span class="emphasis"><em>foomatic-rip</em></span>, follows). 550 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2636211"></a>MIME Types and CUPS Filters</h3></div></div></div><p>551 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36219"></a>552 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36228"></a>553 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36235"></a>554 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36242"></a>555 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36249"></a>550 </p><div class="sect2" title="MIME Types and CUPS Filters"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642304"></a>MIME Types and CUPS Filters</h3></div></div></div><p> 551 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642312"></a> 552 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642321"></a> 553 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642328"></a> 554 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642334"></a> 555 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642341"></a> 556 556 CUPS reads the file <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> (and all other files carrying a 557 557 <code class="filename">*.types</code> suffix in the same directory) upon startup. These files contain the MIME type … … 559 559 man page for <code class="filename">mime.types</code> and in the comments section of the 560 560 <code class="filename">mime.types</code> file itself. A simple rule reads like this: 561 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36286"></a>561 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642378"></a> 562 562 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 563 563 application/pdf pdf string(0,%PDF) 564 564 </pre><p> 565 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36299"></a>566 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36306"></a>565 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642391"></a> 566 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642398"></a> 567 567 This means if a filename has a <code class="filename">.pdf</code> suffix or if the magic string 568 568 <span class="emphasis"><em>%PDF</em></span> is right at the beginning of the file itself (offset 0 from the start), then it is a … … 571 571 application/postscript ai eps ps string(0,%!) string(0,<04>%!) 572 572 </pre><p> 573 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36339"></a>574 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36346"></a>575 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36353"></a>576 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36360"></a>577 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36366"></a>578 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36373"></a>573 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642431"></a> 574 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642438"></a> 575 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642445"></a> 576 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642452"></a> 577 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642459"></a> 578 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642466"></a> 579 579 If the filename has one of the suffixes <code class="filename">.ai</code>, <code class="filename">.eps</code>, 580 580 <code class="filename">.ps</code>, or if the file itself starts with one of the strings <span class="emphasis"><em>%!</em></span> or 581 581 <span class="emphasis"><em><04>%!</em></span>, it is a generic PostScript file 582 582 (<em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em>). 583 </p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>584 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36418"></a>583 </p><div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> 584 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642510"></a> 585 585 Don't confuse the other mime.types files your system might be using 586 586 with the one in the <code class="filename">/etc/cups/</code> directory. 587 </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>588 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36436"></a>589 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36444"></a>590 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36450"></a>591 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36457"></a>592 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36464"></a>587 </p></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 588 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642529"></a> 589 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642536"></a> 590 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642543"></a> 591 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642550"></a> 592 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642556"></a> 593 593 There is an important difference between two similar MIME types in CUPS: one is 594 594 <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em>, the other is … … 601 601 <em class="parameter"><code>pstops</code></em> filter. pstops uses information contained in the PPD to do the transformation. 602 602 </p></div><p> 603 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36526"></a>604 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36533"></a>605 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36540"></a>606 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36546"></a>607 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36553"></a>608 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36560"></a>609 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36566"></a>610 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36573"></a>611 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36580"></a>612 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36586"></a>613 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36593"></a>614 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36600"></a>615 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36607"></a>616 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36614"></a>617 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36621"></a>618 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36627"></a>603 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642619"></a> 604 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642625"></a> 605 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642632"></a> 606 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642639"></a> 607 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642646"></a> 608 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642652"></a> 609 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642659"></a> 610 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642665"></a> 611 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642672"></a> 612 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642679"></a> 613 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642686"></a> 614 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642692"></a> 615 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642699"></a> 616 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642706"></a> 617 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642713"></a> 618 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642720"></a> 619 619 CUPS can handle ASCII text, HP-GL, PDF, PostScript, DVI, and 620 620 many image formats (GIF, PNG, TIFF, JPEG, Photo-CD, SUN-Raster, 621 621 PNM, PBM, SGI-RGB, and more) and their associated MIME types 622 622 with its filters. 623 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2636640"></a>MIME Type Conversion Rules</h3></div></div></div><p>624 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36648"></a>625 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36655"></a>626 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36662"></a>627 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36669"></a>628 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36676"></a>623 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="MIME Type Conversion Rules"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642732"></a>MIME Type Conversion Rules</h3></div></div></div><p> 624 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642740"></a> 625 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642747"></a> 626 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642754"></a> 627 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642761"></a> 628 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642768"></a> 629 629 CUPS reads the file <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code> 630 630 (and all other files named with a <code class="filename">*.convs</code> … … 637 637 application/pdf application/postscript 33 pdftops 638 638 </pre><p> 639 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36708"></a>639 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642800"></a> 640 640 This means that the <em class="parameter"><code>pdftops</code></em> filter will take 641 641 <em class="parameter"><code>application/pdf</code></em> as input and produce … … 643 643 cost of this operation is 33 CUPS-$. The next filter is more 644 644 expensive, costing 66 CUPS-$: 645 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36736"></a>645 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642828"></a> 646 646 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 647 647 application/vnd.hp-HPGL application/postscript 66 hpgltops 648 648 </pre><p> 649 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36749"></a>649 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642842"></a> 650 650 This is the <em class="parameter"><code>hpgltops</code></em>, which processes HP-GL 651 651 plotter files to PostScript. 652 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36763"></a>652 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642856"></a> 653 653 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 654 654 application/octet-stream 655 655 </pre><p> 656 656 Here are two more examples: 657 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36777"></a>658 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36784"></a>659 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36791"></a>660 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36798"></a>657 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642870"></a> 658 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642876"></a> 659 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642883"></a> 660 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642890"></a> 661 661 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 662 662 application/x-shell application/postscript 33 texttops 663 663 text/plain application/postscript 33 texttops 664 664 </pre><p> 665 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36812"></a>665 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642905"></a> 666 666 The last two examples name the <em class="parameter"><code>texttops</code></em> filter to work on 667 667 <em class="parameter"><code>text/plain</code></em> as well as on <em class="parameter"><code>application/x-shell</code></em>. (Hint: This 668 668 differentiation is needed for the syntax highlighting feature of <em class="parameter"><code>texttops</code></em>). 669 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2636848"></a>Filtering Overview</h3></div></div></div><p>670 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 36856"></a>669 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Filtering Overview"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642940"></a>Filtering Overview</h3></div></div></div><p> 670 <a class="indexterm" name="id2642948"></a> 671 671 There are many more combinations named in <code class="filename">mime.convs</code>. However, you are not limited to use 672 672 the ones predefined there. You can plug in any filter you like to the CUPS framework. It must meet, or must be … … 674 674 sure it complies with what CUPS needs and put in the right lines in <code class="filename">mime.types</code> and 675 675 <code class="filename">mime.convs</code>; then it will work seamlessly inside CUPS. 676 </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2636888"></a>Filter Requirements</h4></div></div></div><p>677 The “<span class="quote">CUPS requirements</span>”for filters are simple. Take filenames or <code class="filename">stdin</code> as676 </p><div class="sect3" title="Filter Requirements"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2642981"></a>Filter Requirements</h4></div></div></div><p> 677 The <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">CUPS requirements</span>”</span> for filters are simple. Take filenames or <code class="filename">stdin</code> as 678 678 input and write to <code class="filename">stdout</code>. They should take these arguments: 679 679 </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">printer</span></dt><dd><p> … … 693 693 fed through <code class="filename">stdin</code>). In most cases, it is easy to 694 694 write a simple wrapper script around existing filters to make them work with CUPS. 695 </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637005"></a>Prefilters</h3></div></div></div><p>696 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37013"></a>697 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37020"></a>698 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37027"></a>695 </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Prefilters"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643098"></a>Prefilters</h3></div></div></div><p> 696 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643105"></a> 697 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643112"></a> 698 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643119"></a> 699 699 As previously stated, PostScript is the central file format to any UNIX-based 700 700 printing system. From PostScript, CUPS generates raster data to feed 701 701 non-PostScript printers. 702 702 </p><p> 703 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37040"></a>704 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37047"></a>705 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37054"></a>706 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37060"></a>707 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37067"></a>708 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37073"></a>709 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37080"></a>710 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37087"></a>711 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37094"></a>712 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37101"></a>703 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643132"></a> 704 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643139"></a> 705 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643146"></a> 706 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643153"></a> 707 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643159"></a> 708 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643166"></a> 709 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643173"></a> 710 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643179"></a> 711 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643186"></a> 712 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643193"></a> 713 713 But what happens if you send one of the supported non-PS formats to print? Then CUPS runs 714 “<span class="quote">prefilters</span>”on these input formats to generate PostScript first. There are prefilters to create714 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">prefilters</span>”</span> on these input formats to generate PostScript first. There are prefilters to create 715 715 PostScript from ASCII text, PDF, DVI, or HP-GL. The outcome of these filters is always of MIME type 716 716 <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em> (meaning that any device-specific print options are not yet … … 720 720 the print options already embedded into the file. This is shown in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#4small" title="Figure 22.4. Prefiltering in CUPS to Form PostScript.">Prefiltering in 721 721 CUPS to Form PostScript</a>. 722 </p><div class="figure"><a name="4small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.4. Prefiltering in CUPS to Form PostScript.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/4small.png" width="135" alt="Prefiltering in CUPS to Form PostScript."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637193"></a>pstops</h3></div></div></div><p>723 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37201"></a>724 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37208"></a>725 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37215"></a>726 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37222"></a>727 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37229"></a>728 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37236"></a>729 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37243"></a>722 </p><div class="figure"><a name="4small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.4. Prefiltering in CUPS to Form PostScript.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/4small.png" width="135" alt="Prefiltering in CUPS to Form PostScript."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="pstops"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643286"></a>pstops</h3></div></div></div><p> 723 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643294"></a> 724 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643300"></a> 725 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643307"></a> 726 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643315"></a> 727 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643322"></a> 728 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643328"></a> 729 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643335"></a> 730 730 <span class="emphasis"><em>pstops</em></span> is a filter that is used to convert <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em> to 731 731 <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-postscript</code></em>. As stated earlier, this filter inserts all … … 734 734 </p><div class="figure"><a name="5small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.5. Adding Device-Specific Print Options.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/5small.png" width="135" alt="Adding Device-Specific Print Options."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 735 735 This is not all. Other tasks performed by it are: 736 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>736 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 737 737 Selecting the range of pages to be printed (e.g., you can choose to 738 print only pages “<span class="quote">3, 6, 8-11, 16, and 19-21</span>”, or only odd-numbered738 print only pages <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">3, 6, 8-11, 16, and 19-21</span>”</span>, or only odd-numbered 739 739 pages). 740 </p></li><li ><p>740 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 741 741 Putting two or more logical pages on one sheet of paper (the 742 so-called “<span class="quote">number-up</span>”function).743 </p></li><li ><p>Counting the pages of the job to insert the accounting742 so-called <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">number-up</span>”</span> function). 743 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Counting the pages of the job to insert the accounting 744 744 information into the <code class="filename">/var/log/cups/page_log</code>. 745 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637361"></a>pstoraster</h3></div></div></div><p>746 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37369"></a>747 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37376"></a>748 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37382"></a>745 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="pstoraster"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643453"></a>pstoraster</h3></div></div></div><p> 746 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643461"></a> 747 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643468"></a> 748 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643475"></a> 749 749 <em class="parameter"><code>pstoraster</code></em> is at the core of the CUPS filtering system. It is responsible for the first 750 750 stage of the rasterization process. Its input is of MIME type application/vnd.cups-postscript; its output is … … 754 754 Intermediate Raster Format diagram</a>. 755 755 </p><div class="figure"><a name="cups-raster"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.6. PostScript to Intermediate Raster Format.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/6small.png" width="135" alt="PostScript to Intermediate Raster Format."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 756 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37458"></a>757 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37465"></a>758 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37472"></a>759 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37479"></a>756 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643551"></a> 757 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643558"></a> 758 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643564"></a> 759 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643571"></a> 760 760 CUPS raster is a generic raster format with powerful features. It is able to include per-page information, 761 761 color profiles, and more, to be used by the downstream raster drivers. Its MIME type is registered with IANA … … 767 767 Ghostscript illustration</a>. 768 768 </p><div class="figure"><a name="cups-raster2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.7. CUPS-Raster Production Using Ghostscript.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/7small.png" alt="CUPS-Raster Production Using Ghostscript."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 769 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37551"></a>770 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37558"></a>771 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37565"></a>772 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37572"></a>769 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643644"></a> 770 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643651"></a> 771 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643658"></a> 772 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643664"></a> 773 773 CUPS versions before version 1.1.15 shipped a binary (or source code) standalone filter, named 774 774 <em class="parameter"><code>pstoraster</code></em>. <em class="parameter"><code>pstoraster</code></em>, which was derived from GNU Ghostscript … … 781 781 If your Ghostscript fails when this command is executed: <code class="literal">gs -h |grep cups</code>, you might not 782 782 be able to print, update your Ghostscript. 783 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637630"></a>imagetops and imagetoraster</h3></div></div></div><p>784 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37638"></a>785 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37645"></a>783 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="imagetops and imagetoraster"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643723"></a>imagetops and imagetoraster</h3></div></div></div><p> 784 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643731"></a> 785 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643738"></a> 786 786 In the section about prefilters, we mentioned the prefilter 787 787 that generates PostScript from image formats. The <em class="parameter"><code>imagetoraster</code></em> … … 790 790 mentioned prefilters. We summarize in a flowchart the image file 791 791 filtering in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#small8" title="Figure 22.8. Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion.">the Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion illustration</a>. 792 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small8"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.8. Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/8small.png" alt="Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637715"></a>rasterto [printers specific]</h3></div></div></div><p>793 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37723"></a>794 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37730"></a>795 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37737"></a>796 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37744"></a>797 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37751"></a>798 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37758"></a>799 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37764"></a>800 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37771"></a>801 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37778"></a>802 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37785"></a>803 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37792"></a>792 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small8"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.8. Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/8small.png" alt="Image Format to CUPS-Raster Format Conversion."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="rasterto [printers specific]"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643807"></a>rasterto [printers specific]</h3></div></div></div><p> 793 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643816"></a> 794 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643822"></a> 795 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643829"></a> 796 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643836"></a> 797 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643843"></a> 798 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643850"></a> 799 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643857"></a> 800 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643864"></a> 801 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643871"></a> 802 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643878"></a> 803 <a class="indexterm" name="id2643884"></a> 804 804 CUPS ships with quite a variety of raster drivers for processing CUPS raster. On my system, I find in 805 805 /usr/lib/cups/filter/ the following: <em class="parameter"><code>rastertoalps</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>rastertobj</code></em>, … … 812 812 wanting to cooperate as closely as possible with CUPS. See <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#small9" title="Figure 22.9. Raster to Printer-Specific Formats.">the Raster to 813 813 Printer-Specific Formats illustration</a>. 814 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small9"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.9. Raster to Printer-Specific Formats.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/9small.png" alt="Raster to Printer-Specific Formats."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2637934"></a>CUPS Backends</h3></div></div></div><p>815 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37942"></a>816 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 37949"></a>814 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small9"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.9. Raster to Printer-Specific Formats.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/9small.png" alt="Raster to Printer-Specific Formats."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="CUPS Backends"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644027"></a>CUPS Backends</h3></div></div></div><p> 815 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644034"></a> 816 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644042"></a> 817 817 The last part of any CUPS filtering chain is a backend. Backends 818 818 are special programs that send the print-ready file to the final 819 819 device. There is a separate backend program for any transfer 820 820 protocol for sending print jobs over the network, and one for every local 821 interface. Every CUPS print queue needs to have a CUPS “<span class="quote">device-URI</span>”821 interface. Every CUPS print queue needs to have a CUPS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">device-URI</span>”</span> 822 822 associated with it. The device URI is the way to encode the backend 823 823 used to send the job to its destination. Network device-URIs use … … 868 868 host. Examples of CUPS device-URIs that may be used includes: 869 869 </p><p> 870 </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simplelist"><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://workgroup/server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://username:password@workgroup/server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://username:password@server/printersharename</code></td></tr></table><p>870 </p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://workgroup/server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://username:password@workgroup/server/printersharename</code></td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">smb://username:password@server/printersharename</code></td></tr></table><p> 871 871 </p><p> 872 872 The smb:// backend is a symlink to the Samba utility … … 878 878 It is easy to write your own backends as shell or Perl scripts if you 879 879 need any modification or extension to the CUPS print system. One 880 reason could be that you want to create “<span class="quote">special</span>”printers that send881 the print jobs as email (through a “<span class="quote">mailto:/</span>”backend), convert them to882 PDF (through a “<span class="quote">pdfgen:/</span>” backend) or dump them to “<span class="quote">/dev/null</span>”. (In880 reason could be that you want to create <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">special</span>”</span> printers that send 881 the print jobs as email (through a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">mailto:/</span>”</span> backend), convert them to 882 PDF (through a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">pdfgen:/</span>”</span> backend) or dump them to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">/dev/null</span>”</span>. (In 883 883 fact, I have the systemwide default printer set up to be connected to 884 884 a devnull:/ backend: there are just too many people sending jobs … … 888 888 printer name.) 889 889 </p><p> 890 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38229"></a>891 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38235"></a>890 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644321"></a> 891 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644328"></a> 892 892 Not all of the mentioned backends may be present on your system or 893 893 usable (depending on your hardware configuration). One test for all … … 897 897 </p><pre class="screen"> 898 898 <code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpinfo -v</code></strong> 899 </pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638273"></a>The Role of <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic/foomatic</code></em></h3></div></div></div><p>900 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38285"></a>901 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38292"></a>902 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38299"></a>903 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38306"></a>904 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38313"></a>899 </pre></div><div class="sect2" title="The Role of cupsomatic/foomatic"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644365"></a>The Role of <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic/foomatic</code></em></h3></div></div></div><p> 900 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644378"></a> 901 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644384"></a> 902 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644391"></a> 903 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644398"></a> 904 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644405"></a> 905 905 <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> filters may be the most widely used on CUPS 906 906 installations. You must be clear that these were not … … 926 926 the print job. 927 927 </p><p> 928 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38379"></a>929 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38386"></a>930 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38393"></a>931 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38400"></a>932 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38407"></a>933 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38414"></a>934 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38420"></a>935 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38427"></a>936 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38434"></a>937 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38441"></a>938 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38448"></a>928 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644471"></a> 929 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644478"></a> 930 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644485"></a> 931 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644492"></a> 932 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644499"></a> 933 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644506"></a> 934 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644513"></a> 935 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644520"></a> 936 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644526"></a> 937 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644533"></a> 938 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644540"></a> 939 939 However, <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> is now deprecated. Its PPDs (especially the first 940 940 generation of them, still in heavy use out there) are not meeting the 941 941 Adobe specifications. You might also suffer difficulties when you try 942 to download them with “<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”to Windows clients. A better942 to download them with <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Point'n'Print</span>”</span> to Windows clients. A better 943 943 and more powerful successor is now available: it is called <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em>. To use 944 944 <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em> as a filter with CUPS, you need the new type of PPDs, which … … 958 958 legacy spoolers too (like LPRng, BSD-LPD, PDQ, PPR, and so on), providing 959 959 for them access to use PPDs for their printing. 960 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638508"></a>The Complete Picture</h3></div></div></div><p>960 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="The Complete Picture"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644600"></a>The Complete Picture</h3></div></div></div><p> 961 961 If you want to see an overview of all the filters and how they 962 962 relate to each other, the complete picture of the puzzle is at the end 963 963 of this chapter. 964 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638521"></a><code class="filename">mime.convs</code></h3></div></div></div><p>964 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="mime.convs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644613"></a><code class="filename">mime.convs</code></h3></div></div></div><p> 965 965 CUPS autoconstructs all possible filtering chain paths for any given 966 966 MIME type and every printer installed. But how does it decide in … … 970 970 the third column of the mime.convs file. They represent virtual costs 971 971 assigned to this filter. Every possible filtering chain will sum up to 972 a total “<span class="quote">filter cost.</span>” CUPS decides for the most “<span class="quote">inexpensive</span>”route.973 </p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>974 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38552"></a>975 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38559"></a>972 a total <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">filter cost.</span>”</span> CUPS decides for the most <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">inexpensive</span>”</span> route. 973 </p><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> 974 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644645"></a> 975 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644652"></a> 976 976 Setting <em class="parameter"><code>FilterLimit 1000</code></em> in 977 977 <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> will not allow more filters to 978 978 run concurrently than will consume a total of 1000 virtual filter 979 979 cost. This is an efficient way to limit the load of any CUPS 980 server by setting an appropriate “<span class="quote">FilterLimit</span>”value. A FilterLimit of980 server by setting an appropriate <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">FilterLimit</span>”</span> value. A FilterLimit of 981 981 200 allows roughly one job at a time, while a FilterLimit of 1000 allows 982 982 approximately five jobs maximum at a time. 983 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638590"></a>“<span class="quote">Raw</span>”Printing</h3></div></div></div><p>984 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38599"></a>985 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38606"></a>986 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38613"></a>987 You can tell CUPS to print (nearly) any file “<span class="quote">raw</span>”. “<span class="quote">Raw</span>”means it will not be988 filtered. CUPS will send the file to the printer “<span class="quote">as is</span>”without bothering if the printer is able983 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="“Raw” Printing"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644682"></a><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Raw</span>”</span> Printing</h3></div></div></div><p> 984 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644692"></a> 985 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644698"></a> 986 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644705"></a> 987 You can tell CUPS to print (nearly) any file <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span>. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Raw</span>”</span> means it will not be 988 filtered. CUPS will send the file to the printer <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">as is</span>”</span> without bothering if the printer is able 989 989 to digest it. Users need to take care themselves that they send sensible data formats only. Raw printing can 990 happen on any queue if the “<span class="quote"><em class="parameter"><code>-o raw</code></em></span>”option is specified on the command990 happen on any queue if the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote"><em class="parameter"><code>-o raw</code></em></span>”</span> option is specified on the command 991 991 line. You can also set up raw-only queues by simply not associating any PPD with it. This command: 992 992 </p><pre class="screen"> 993 993 <code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpadmin -P rawprinter -v socket://11.12.13.14:9100 -E</code></strong> 994 994 </pre><p> 995 sets up a queue named “<span class="quote">rawprinter</span>”, connected via the “<span class="quote">socket</span>”protocol (a.k.a.996 “<span class="quote">HP JetDirect</span>”) to the device at IP address 11.12.1.3.14, using port 9100. (If you had added a995 sets up a queue named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">rawprinter</span>”</span>, connected via the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">socket</span>”</span> protocol (a.k.a. 996 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">HP JetDirect</span>”</span>) to the device at IP address 11.12.1.3.14, using port 9100. (If you had added a 997 997 PPD with <code class="literal">-P /path/to/PPD</code> to this command line, you would have installed a 998 “<span class="quote">normal</span>”print queue.)998 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">normal</span>”</span> print queue.) 999 999 </p><p> 1000 CUPS will automatically treat each job sent to a queue as a “<span class="quote">raw</span>”one1000 CUPS will automatically treat each job sent to a queue as a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> one 1001 1001 if it can't find a PPD associated with the queue. However, CUPS will 1002 1002 only send known MIME types (as defined in its own mime.types file) and 1003 1003 refuse others. 1004 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638698"></a>application/octet-stream Printing</h3></div></div></div><p>1005 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38706"></a>1006 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38713"></a>1004 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="application/octet-stream Printing"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644790"></a>application/octet-stream Printing</h3></div></div></div><p> 1005 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644798"></a> 1006 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644805"></a> 1007 1007 Any MIME type with no rule in the <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> file is regarded as unknown 1008 1008 or <em class="parameter"><code>application/octet-stream</code></em> and will not be … … 1016 1016 To enable the printing of <em class="parameter"><code>application/octet-stream</code></em> files, edit 1017 1017 these two files: 1018 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code></p></li><li><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code></p></li></ul></div><p>1019 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38778"></a>1018 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code></p></li></ul></div><p> 1019 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644871"></a> 1020 1020 Both contain entries (at the end of the respective files) that must be uncommented to allow raw mode 1021 1021 operation for <em class="parameter"><code>application/octet-stream</code></em>. In <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> 1022 1022 make sure this line is present: 1023 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38800"></a>1023 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644893"></a> 1024 1024 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 1025 1025 application/octet-stream … … 1032 1032 application/octet-stream application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - 1033 1033 </pre><p> 1034 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38835"></a>1034 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644927"></a> 1035 1035 This line tells CUPS to use the <span class="emphasis"><em>Null Filter</em></span> 1036 (denoted as “<span class="quote">-</span>”, doing nothing at all) on1036 (denoted as <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">-</span>”</span>, doing nothing at all) on 1037 1037 <em class="parameter"><code>application/octet-stream</code></em>, and tag the result as 1038 1038 <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-raw</code></em>. This last one is 1039 1039 always a green light to the CUPS scheduler to now hand the file over 1040 1040 to the backend connecting to the printer and sending it over. 1041 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1041 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1042 1042 Editing the <code class="filename">mime.convs</code> and the <code class="filename">mime.types</code> file does not 1043 <span class="emphasis"><em>enforce</em></span> “<span class="quote">raw</span>”printing, it only <span class="emphasis"><em>allows</em></span> it.1044 </p></div><p ><b>Background. </b>1045 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38902"></a>1046 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38909"></a>1047 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38915"></a>1048 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38922"></a>1043 <span class="emphasis"><em>enforce</em></span> <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> printing, it only <span class="emphasis"><em>allows</em></span> it. 1044 </p></div><p title="Background"><b>Background. </b> 1045 <a class="indexterm" name="id2644994"></a> 1046 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645001"></a> 1047 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645008"></a> 1048 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645015"></a> 1049 1049 That CUPS is a more security-aware printing system than traditional ones 1050 1050 does not by default allow one to send deliberate (possibly binary) 1051 1051 data to printing devices. (This could be easily abused to launch a 1052 1052 Denial of Service attack on your printer(s), causing at least the loss 1053 of a lot of paper and ink.) “<span class="quote">Unknown</span>”data are regarded by CUPS1053 of a lot of paper and ink.) <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Unknown</span>”</span> data are regarded by CUPS 1054 1054 as <span class="emphasis"><em>MIME type</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span>. While you 1055 <span class="emphasis"><em>can</em></span> send data “<span class="quote">raw</span>”, the MIME type for these must1055 <span class="emphasis"><em>can</em></span> send data <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span>, the MIME type for these must 1056 1056 be one that is known to CUPS and allowed by it. The file 1057 <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> defines the “<span class="quote">rules</span>”of how CUPS1057 <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</code> defines the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">rules</span>”</span> of how CUPS 1058 1058 recognizes MIME types. The file <code class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</code> decides which file 1059 1059 conversion filter(s) may be applied to which MIME types. 1060 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2638977"></a>PostScript Printer Descriptions for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p>1061 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38985"></a>1062 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38992"></a>1063 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 38999"></a>1064 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39006"></a>1065 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39012"></a>1066 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39019"></a>1060 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="PostScript Printer Descriptions for Non-PostScript Printers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645069"></a>PostScript Printer Descriptions for Non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div></div><p> 1061 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645078"></a> 1062 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645084"></a> 1063 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645091"></a> 1064 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645098"></a> 1065 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645104"></a> 1066 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645111"></a> 1067 1067 Originally PPDs were meant to be used for PostScript printers 1068 1068 only. Here, they help to send device-specific commands and settings … … 1077 1077 PPDs for a non-PostScript printer have a few lines that are unique to 1078 1078 CUPS. The most important one looks similar to this: 1079 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39041"></a>1079 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645134"></a> 1080 1080 </p><pre class="programlisting"> 1081 1081 *cupsFilter: application/vnd.cups-raster 66 rastertoprinter … … 1095 1095 different paper trays, or you may get larger margins than your 1096 1096 specific model supports. See Table 21.1<a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#cups-ppds" title="Table 22.1. PPDs Shipped with CUPS">“PPDs Shipped with CUPS”</a> for summary information. 1097 </p><div class="table"><a name="cups-ppds"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 22.1. PPDs Shipped with CUPS</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="PPDs Shipped with CUPS" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">PPD file</th><th align="justify">Printer type</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">deskjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">older HP inkjet printers and compatible</td></tr><tr><td align="left">deskjet2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer HP inkjet printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">dymo.ppd</td><td align="justify">label printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidata9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 9-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidat24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">laserjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">all PCL printers </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639260"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic/foomatic-rip</em></span> Versus <span class="emphasis"><em>Native CUPS</em></span> Printing</h3></div></div></div><p>1098 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39274"></a>1099 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39281"></a>1097 </p><div class="table"><a name="cups-ppds"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 22.1. PPDs Shipped with CUPS</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="PPDs Shipped with CUPS" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">PPD file</th><th align="justify">Printer type</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">deskjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">older HP inkjet printers and compatible</td></tr><tr><td align="left">deskjet2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer HP inkjet printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">dymo.ppd</td><td align="justify">label printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidata9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 9-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidat24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 24-pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">laserjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">all PCL printers </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="cupsomatic/foomatic-rip Versus Native CUPS Printing"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645352"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic/foomatic-rip</em></span> Versus <span class="emphasis"><em>Native CUPS</em></span> Printing</h3></div></div></div><p> 1098 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645366"></a> 1099 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645373"></a> 1100 1100 Native CUPS rasterization works in two steps: 1101 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1102 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39295"></a>1101 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1102 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645387"></a> 1103 1103 First is the <em class="parameter"><code>pstoraster</code></em> step. It uses the special CUPS 1104 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39309"></a>1104 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645401"></a> 1105 1105 device from ESP Ghostscript 7.05.x as its tool. 1106 </p></li><li ><p>1106 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1107 1107 Second is the <em class="parameter"><code>rasterdriver</code></em> step. It uses various 1108 1108 device-specific filters; there are several vendors who provide good … … 1117 1117 way. Note that <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> made by the CUPS 1118 1118 developers. It is an independent contribution to printing development, 1119 made by people from Linuxprinting.org.<sup>[<a name="id26 39412" href="#ftn.id2639412" class="footnote">6</a>]</sup>1119 made by people from Linuxprinting.org.<sup>[<a name="id2645504" href="#ftn.id2645504" class="footnote">6</a>]</sup> 1120 1120 <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> is no longer developed, maintained, or supported. It now been 1121 1121 replaced by <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em>. <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em> is a complete rewrite … … 1125 1125 too. 1126 1126 </p><p> 1127 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39461"></a>1128 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39468"></a>1127 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645554"></a> 1128 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645560"></a> 1129 1129 Like the old <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> method, the <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em> (new) method 1130 1130 from Linuxprinting.org uses the traditional Ghostscript print file processing, doing everything in a single … … 1136 1136 different queues) and find out which works best for you. 1137 1137 </p><p> 1138 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39503"></a>1139 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39510"></a>1140 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39517"></a>1141 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39524"></a>1142 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39531"></a>1143 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39538"></a>1138 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645596"></a> 1139 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645602"></a> 1140 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645609"></a> 1141 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645616"></a> 1142 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645623"></a> 1143 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645630"></a> 1144 1144 <em class="parameter"><code>cupsomatic</code></em> kidnaps the print file after the 1145 1145 <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-postscript</code></em> stage and deviates it through the CUPS-external, … … 1150 1150 CUPS</a>, illustrates the difference between native CUPS rendering and the 1151 1151 <em class="parameter"><code>Foomatic/cupsomatic</code></em> method. 1152 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2639597"></a>Examples for Filtering Chains</h3></div></div></div><p>1152 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Examples for Filtering Chains"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645689"></a>Examples for Filtering Chains</h3></div></div></div><p> 1153 1153 Here are a few examples of commonly occurring filtering chains to 1154 1154 illustrate the workings of CUPS. 1155 1155 </p><p> 1156 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39610"></a>1157 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39617"></a>1158 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39624"></a>1159 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39631"></a>1156 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645702"></a> 1157 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645709"></a> 1158 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645716"></a> 1159 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645723"></a> 1160 1160 Assume you want to print a PDF file to an HP JetDirect-connected 1161 1161 PostScript printer, but you want to print pages 3-5, 7, and 11-13 1162 only, and you want to print them “<span class="quote">two-up</span>” and “<span class="quote">duplex</span>”:1163 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Your print options (page selection as required, two-up,1164 duplex) are passed to CUPS on the command line.</p></li><li ><p>The (complete) PDF file is sent to CUPS and autotyped as1165 <em class="parameter"><code>application/pdf</code></em>.</p></li><li ><p>The file therefore must first pass the1162 only, and you want to print them <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">two-up</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">duplex</span>”</span>: 1163 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Your print options (page selection as required, two-up, 1164 duplex) are passed to CUPS on the command line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The (complete) PDF file is sent to CUPS and autotyped as 1165 <em class="parameter"><code>application/pdf</code></em>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The file therefore must first pass the 1166 1166 <em class="parameter"><code>pdftops</code></em> prefilter, which produces PostScript 1167 1167 MIME type <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em> (a preview here 1168 would still show all pages of the original PDF).</p></li><li ><p>The file then passes the <em class="parameter"><code>pstops</code></em>1168 would still show all pages of the original PDF).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The file then passes the <em class="parameter"><code>pstops</code></em> 1169 1169 filter that applies the command line options: it selects pages 1170 2-5, 7, and 11-13, creates the imposed layout “<span class="quote">two pages on one sheet</span>”, and1171 inserts the correct “<span class="quote">duplex</span>”command (as defined in the printer's1170 2-5, 7, and 11-13, creates the imposed layout <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">two pages on one sheet</span>”</span>, and 1171 inserts the correct <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">duplex</span>”</span> command (as defined in the printer's 1172 1172 PPD) into the new PostScript file; the file is now of PostScript MIME 1173 1173 type 1174 <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-postscript</code></em>.</p></li><li ><p>The file goes to the <em class="parameter"><code>socket</code></em>1174 <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-postscript</code></em>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The file goes to the <em class="parameter"><code>socket</code></em> 1175 1175 backend, which transfers the job to the printers.</p></li></ul></div><p> 1176 1176 The resulting filter chain, therefore, is as shown in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#pdftosocket" title="Figure 22.11. PDF to Socket Chain.">the PDF to socket chain 1177 1177 illustration</a>. 1178 </p><a class="indexterm" name="id26 39742"></a><div class="figure"><a name="pdftosocket"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.11. PDF to Socket Chain.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/pdftosocket.png" alt="PDF to Socket Chain."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p>1179 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39792"></a>1180 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39799"></a>1181 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39806"></a>1178 </p><a class="indexterm" name="id2645834"></a><div class="figure"><a name="pdftosocket"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.11. PDF to Socket Chain.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/pdftosocket.png" alt="PDF to Socket Chain."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 1179 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645884"></a> 1180 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645891"></a> 1181 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645898"></a> 1182 1182 Assume you want to print the same filter to an USB-connected Epson Stylus Photo Printer installed with the CUPS 1183 1183 <code class="filename">stphoto2.ppd</code>. The first few filtering stages are nearly the same: 1184 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1184 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1185 1185 Your print options (page selection as required, two-up, 1186 1186 duplex) are passed to CUPS on the command line. 1187 </p></li><li ><p>1187 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1188 1188 The (complete) PDF file is sent to CUPS and autotyped as 1189 1189 <em class="parameter"><code>application/pdf</code></em>. 1190 </p></li><li ><p>1191 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39846"></a>1192 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39852"></a>1190 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1191 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645938"></a> 1192 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645945"></a> 1193 1193 The file must first pass the <em class="parameter"><code>pdftops</code></em> prefilter, which produces PostScript 1194 1194 MIME type <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em> (a preview here would still show all 1195 1195 pages of the original PDF). 1196 </p></li><li ><p>1197 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39878"></a>1198 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39885"></a>1199 The file then passes the “<span class="quote">pstops</span>”filter that applies1196 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1197 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645970"></a> 1198 <a class="indexterm" name="id2645977"></a> 1199 The file then passes the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">pstops</span>”</span> filter that applies 1200 1200 the command line options: it selects the pages 2-5, 7, and 11-13, 1201 creates the imposed layout “<span class="quote">two pages on one sheet,</span>”and inserts the1202 correct “<span class="quote">duplex</span>”command (oops this printer and PPD1201 creates the imposed layout <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">two pages on one sheet,</span>”</span> and inserts the 1202 correct <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">duplex</span>”</span> command (oops this printer and PPD 1203 1203 do not support duplex printing at all, so this option will 1204 1204 be ignored) into the new PostScript file; the file is now of PostScript 1205 1205 MIME type <em class="parameter"><code>application/vnd.cups-postscript</code></em>. 1206 </p></li><li ><p>1206 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1207 1207 The file then passes the <em class="parameter"><code>pstoraster</code></em> stage and becomes MIME type 1208 1208 <em class="parameter"><code>application/cups-raster</code></em>. 1209 </p></li><li ><p>1210 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 39940"></a>1209 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1210 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646032"></a> 1211 1211 Finally, the <em class="parameter"><code>rastertoepson</code></em> filter 1212 1212 does its work (as indicated in the printer's PPD), creating the 1213 1213 printer-specific raster data and embedding any user-selected 1214 1214 print options into the print data stream. 1215 </p></li><li ><p>1215 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1216 1216 The file goes to the <em class="parameter"><code>usb</code></em> backend, which transfers the job to the printers. 1217 1217 </p></li></ul></div><p> 1218 1218 The resulting filter chain therefore is as shown in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#pdftoepsonusb" title="Figure 22.12. PDF to USB Chain.">the PDF to USB Chain 1219 1219 illustration</a>. 1220 </p><div class="figure"><a name="pdftoepsonusb"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.12. PDF to USB Chain.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/pdftoepsonusb.png" alt="PDF to USB Chain."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640025"></a>Sources of CUPS Drivers/PPDs</h3></div></div></div><p>1220 </p><div class="figure"><a name="pdftoepsonusb"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.12. PDF to USB Chain.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/pdftoepsonusb.png" alt="PDF to USB Chain."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="Sources of CUPS Drivers/PPDs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646117"></a>Sources of CUPS Drivers/PPDs</h3></div></div></div><p> 1221 1221 On the Internet you can now find many thousands of CUPS-PPD files 1222 1222 (with their companion filters), in many national languages 1223 1223 supporting more than 1,000 non-PostScript models. 1224 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id264 0039"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2640048"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p>1224 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id2646132"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2646141"></a><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1225 1225 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.easysw.com/printpro/" target="_top">ESP PrintPro</a> 1226 1226 (commercial, non-free) is packaged with more than 3,000 PPDs, ready for 1227 successful use “<span class="quote">out of the box</span>”on Linux, Mac OS X, IBM-AIX,1227 successful use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">out of the box</span>”</span> on Linux, Mac OS X, IBM-AIX, 1228 1228 HP-UX, Sun-Solaris, SGI-IRIX, Compaq Tru64, Digital UNIX, and 1229 1229 other commercial Unices (it is written by the CUPS developers 1230 1230 themselves and its sales help finance the further development of 1231 1231 CUPS, as they feed their creators). 1232 </p></li><li ><p>1232 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1233 1233 The <a class="ulink" href="http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">Gutenprint Project</a> 1234 1234 (GPL, free software) provides around 140 PPDs (supporting nearly 400 printers, many driven 1235 1235 to photo quality output), to be used alongside the Gutenprint CUPS filters. 1236 </p></li><li ><p>1236 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1237 1237 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.turboprint.de/english.html/" target="_top">TurboPrint </a> (shareware, non-free) supports 1238 1238 roughly the same number of printers in excellent quality. 1239 </p></li><li ><p>1239 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1240 1240 <a class="ulink" href="http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/" target="_top">OMNI </a> 1241 1241 (LPGL, free) is a package made by IBM, now containing support for more 1242 1242 than 400 printers, stemming from the inheritance of IBM OS/2 know-how 1243 1243 ported over to Linux (CUPS support is in a beta stage at present). 1244 </p></li><li ><p>1244 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1245 1245 <a class="ulink" href="http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">HPIJS </a> (BSD-style licenses, free) 1246 1246 supports approximately 150 of HP's own printers and also provides 1247 1247 excellent print quality now (currently available only via the Foomatic path). 1248 </p></li><li ><p>1248 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1249 1249 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" target="_top">Foomatic/cupsomatic </a> 1250 1250 (LPGL, free) from Linuxprinting.org provide PPDs for practically every Ghostscript 1251 1251 filter known to the world (including Omni, Gutenprint, and HPIJS). 1252 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640148"></a>Printing with Interface Scripts</h3></div></div></div><p>1253 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0156"></a>1254 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0163"></a>1255 CUPS also supports the use of “<span class="quote">interface scripts</span>”as known from1252 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Printing with Interface Scripts"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646240"></a>Printing with Interface Scripts</h3></div></div></div><p> 1253 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646248"></a> 1254 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646255"></a> 1255 CUPS also supports the use of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">interface scripts</span>”</span> as known from 1256 1256 System V AT&T printing systems. These are often used for PCL 1257 1257 printers, from applications that generate PCL print jobs. Interface … … 1268 1268 -i /path/to/interface-script</code></strong> 1269 1269 </pre><p> 1270 Interface scripts might be the “<span class="quote">unknown animal</span>”to many. However,1270 Interface scripts might be the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">unknown animal</span>”</span> to many. However, 1271 1271 with CUPS they provide the easiest way to plug in your own custom-written filtering 1272 1272 script or program into one specific print queue (some information about the traditional … … 1274 1274 <a class="ulink" href="http://playground.sun.com/printing/documentation/interface.html" target="_top"> 1275 1275 http://playground.sun.com/printing/documentation/interface.html</a>). 1276 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640243"></a>Network Printing (Purely Windows)</h2></div></div></div><p>1276 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Network Printing (Purely Windows)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2646335"></a>Network Printing (Purely Windows)</h2></div></div></div><p> 1277 1277 Network printing covers a lot of ground. To understand what exactly 1278 1278 goes on with Samba when it is printing on behalf of its Windows 1279 clients, let's first look at a “<span class="quote">purely Windows</span>”setup: Windows clients1279 clients, let's first look at a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">purely Windows</span>”</span> setup: Windows clients 1280 1280 with a Windows NT print server. 1281 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640259"></a>From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</h3></div></div></div><p>1281 </p><div class="sect2" title="From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646352"></a>From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</h3></div></div></div><p> 1282 1282 Windows clients printing to an NT-based print server have two 1283 1283 options. They may: 1284 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0269"></a>1285 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0276"></a>1286 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Execute the driver locally and render the GDI output1284 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646362"></a> 1285 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646368"></a> 1286 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Execute the driver locally and render the GDI output 1287 1287 (EMF) into the printer-specific format on their own. 1288 </p></li><li ><p>Send the GDI output (EMF) to the server, where the1288 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Send the GDI output (EMF) to the server, where the 1289 1289 driver is executed to render the printer-specific output. 1290 1290 </p></li></ul></div><p> … … 1292 1292 Print Driver Execution on the Client</a>, and 1293 1293 <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#small12" title="Figure 22.14. Print Driver Execution on the Server.">Print Driver Execution on the Server</a>. 1294 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640321"></a>Driver Execution on the Client</h3></div></div></div><p>1294 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Driver Execution on the Client"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646414"></a>Driver Execution on the Client</h3></div></div></div><p> 1295 1295 In the first case, the print server must spool the file as raw, meaning it shouldn't touch the job file and try 1296 1296 to convert it in any way. This is what a traditional UNIX-based print server can do too, and at a better 1297 1297 performance and more reliably than an NT print server. This is what most Samba administrators probably are 1298 familiar with. One advantage of this setup is that this “<span class="quote">spooling-only</span>”print server may be used1298 familiar with. One advantage of this setup is that this <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">spooling-only</span>”</span> print server may be used 1299 1299 even if no driver(s) for UNIX is available. It is sufficient to have the Windows client drivers available and 1300 1300 installed on the clients. This is illustrated in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#small11" title="Figure 22.13. Print Driver Execution on the Client.">the Print Driver Execution on the 1301 1301 Client diagram</a>. 1302 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small11"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.13. Print Driver Execution on the Client.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/11small.png" alt="Print Driver Execution on the Client."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640393"></a>Driver Execution on the Server</h3></div></div></div><p>1303 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0401"></a>1304 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0408"></a>1305 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0414"></a>1306 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0421"></a>1307 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0427"></a>1302 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small11"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.13. Print Driver Execution on the Client.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/11small.png" alt="Print Driver Execution on the Client."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="Driver Execution on the Server"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646485"></a>Driver Execution on the Server</h3></div></div></div><p> 1303 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646493"></a> 1304 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646500"></a> 1305 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646506"></a> 1306 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646513"></a> 1307 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646520"></a> 1308 1308 The other path executes the printer driver on the server. The client transfers print files in EMF format to 1309 1309 the server. The server uses the PostScript, PCL, ESC/P, or other driver to convert the EMF file into the … … 1313 1313 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small12"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.14. Print Driver Execution on the Server.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/12small.png" alt="Print Driver Execution on the Server."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 1314 1314 However, something similar is possible with CUPS, so read on. 1315 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640498"></a>Network Printing (Windows Clients and UNIX/Samba Print1315 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Network Printing (Windows Clients and UNIX/Samba Print Servers)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2646590"></a>Network Printing (Windows Clients and UNIX/Samba Print 1316 1316 Servers)</h2></div></div></div><p> 1317 1317 Since UNIX print servers <span class="emphasis"><em>cannot</em></span> execute the Win32 … … 1320 1320 much. On the contrary, you may have a way here to implement printing 1321 1321 features that are not possible otherwise. 1322 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640516"></a>From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</h3></div></div></div><p>1322 </p><div class="sect2" title="From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646608"></a>From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</h3></div></div></div><p> 1323 1323 Here is a simple recipe showing how you can take advantage of CUPS's 1324 1324 powerful features for the benefit of your Windows network printing 1325 1325 clients: 1326 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Let the Windows clients send PostScript to the CUPS1327 server.</p></li><li ><p>Let the CUPS server render the PostScript into device-specific raster format.</p></li></ul></div><p>1326 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Let the Windows clients send PostScript to the CUPS 1327 server.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Let the CUPS server render the PostScript into device-specific raster format.</p></li></ul></div><p> 1328 1328 This requires the clients to use a PostScript driver (even if the 1329 1329 printer is a non-PostScript model. It also requires that you have a … … 1332 1332 First, to enable CUPS-based printing through Samba, the following options should be set in your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> 1333 1333 file <em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em> section: 1334 </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640570"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2640582"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap = cups</code></em></td></tr></table><p>1334 </p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2646663"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2646674"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap = cups</code></em></td></tr></table><p> 1335 1335 When these parameters are specified, all manually set print directives (like <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCOMMAND" target="_top">print command</a> or <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#LPPAUSECOMMAND" target="_top">lppause command</a>) in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> (as well as in Samba itself) will be 1336 1336 ignored. Instead, Samba will directly interface with CUPS through its application program interface (API), as … … 1340 1340 commands to work with a Samba server that has CUPS support compiled in, simply use <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#CLASSICALPRINTING" target="_top">classicalprinting = sysv</a>). This is illustrated in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#13small" title="Figure 22.15. Printing via CUPS/Samba Server.">the Printing via 1341 1341 CUPS/Samba Server diagram</a>. 1342 </p><div class="figure"><a name="13small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.15. Printing via CUPS/Samba Server.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/13small.png" alt="Printing via CUPS/Samba Server."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640706"></a>Samba Receiving Job-Files and Passing Them to CUPS</h3></div></div></div><p>1342 </p><div class="figure"><a name="13small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.15. Printing via CUPS/Samba Server.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/13small.png" alt="Printing via CUPS/Samba Server."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="Samba Receiving Job-Files and Passing Them to CUPS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646799"></a>Samba Receiving Job-Files and Passing Them to CUPS</h3></div></div></div><p> 1343 1343 Samba <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> use its own spool directory (it is set by a line similar to <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path = /var/spool/samba</a>, in the <em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em> or <em class="parameter"><code>[printername]</code></em> section of <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>). Samba receives the job in its own spool space and passes it 1344 1344 into the spool directory of CUPS (the CUPS spool directory is set by the <em class="parameter"><code>RequestRoot</code></em> … … 1346 1346 access rights of its spool directory and resets it to healthy values with every restart. We have seen quite a 1347 1347 few people who used a common spooling space for Samba and CUPS, and struggled for weeks with this 1348 “<span class="quote">problem.</span>” 1348 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">problem.</span>”</span> 1349 1349 </p><p> 1350 1350 A Windows user authenticates only to Samba (by whatever means is 1351 1351 configured). If Samba runs on the same host as CUPS, you only need to 1352 allow “<span class="quote">localhost</span>”to print. If it runs on different machines, you1352 allow <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">localhost</span>”</span> to print. If it runs on different machines, you 1353 1353 need to make sure the Samba host gets access to printing on CUPS. 1354 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640785"></a>Network PostScript RIP</h2></div></div></div><p>1354 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Network PostScript RIP"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2646878"></a>Network PostScript RIP</h2></div></div></div><p> 1355 1355 This section discusses the use of CUPS filters on the server configuration where 1356 1356 clients make use of a PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs. 1357 1357 </p><p> 1358 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0802"></a>1359 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0809"></a>1360 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0815"></a>1358 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646895"></a> 1359 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646901"></a> 1360 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646908"></a> 1361 1361 PPDs can control all print device options. They are usually provided by the manufacturer if you own 1362 1362 a PostScript printer, that is. PPD files are always a component of PostScript printer drivers on MS Windows or 1363 1363 Apple Mac OS systems. They are ASCII files containing user-selectable print options, mapped to appropriate 1364 1364 PostScript, PCL, or PJL commands for the target printer. Printer driver GUI dialogs translate these options 1365 “<span class="quote">on the fly</span>”into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to select.1365 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">on the fly</span>”</span> into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to select. 1366 1366 </p><p> 1367 1367 CUPS can load, without any conversions, the PPD file from any Windows (NT is recommended) PostScript driver … … 1371 1371 different GUI front-ends on Linux/UNIX, which can present PPD options to users. PPD options are normally meant 1372 1372 to be evaluated by the PostScript RIP on the real PostScript printer. 1373 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640876"></a>PPDs for Non-PS Printers on UNIX</h3></div></div></div><p>1374 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0884"></a>1375 CUPS does not limit itself to “<span class="quote">real</span>”PostScript printers in its use of PPDs. The CUPS developers1373 </p><div class="sect2" title="PPDs for Non-PS Printers on UNIX"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646968"></a>PPDs for Non-PS Printers on UNIX</h3></div></div></div><p> 1374 <a class="indexterm" name="id2646976"></a> 1375 CUPS does not limit itself to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">real</span>”</span> PostScript printers in its use of PPDs. The CUPS developers 1376 1376 have extended the scope of the PPD concept to also describe available device and driver options for 1377 1377 non-PostScript printers through CUPS-PPDs. … … 1384 1384 devices to its clients, because it can act as a PostScript RIP for those printers, processing the received 1385 1385 PostScript code into a proper raster print format. 1386 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2640920"></a>PPDs for Non-PS Printers on Windows</h3></div></div></div><p>1387 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 0928"></a>1388 CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows clients, on top of a “<span class="quote">core</span>”PostScript driver (now1386 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="PPDs for Non-PS Printers on Windows"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647013"></a>PPDs for Non-PS Printers on Windows</h3></div></div></div><p> 1387 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647021"></a> 1388 CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows clients, on top of a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">core</span>”</span> PostScript driver (now 1389 1389 recommended is the CUPS PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP; you can also use the Adobe one, with 1390 1390 limitations). This feature enables CUPS to do a few tricks no other spooler can do: 1391 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1391 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1392 1392 Act as a networked PostScript RIP handling print files from all client platforms in a uniform way. 1393 </p></li><li ><p>1393 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1394 1394 Act as a central accounting and billing server, since all files are passed through the pstops filter and are therefore 1395 1395 logged in the CUPS <code class="filename">page_log</code> file. <span class="emphasis"><em>Note:</em></span> this cannot happen with 1396 “<span class="quote">raw</span>”print jobs, which always remain unfiltered per definition.1397 </p></li><li ><p>1396 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> print jobs, which always remain unfiltered per definition. 1397 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1398 1398 Enable clients to consolidate on a single PostScript driver, even for many different target printers. 1399 1399 </p></li></ul></div><p> 1400 1400 Using CUPS PPDs on Windows clients enables them to control all print job settings just as a UNIX client can do. 1401 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2640988"></a>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</h2></div></div></div><p>1401 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2647081"></a>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</h2></div></div></div><p> 1402 1402 This setup may be of special interest to people experiencing major problems in WTS environments. WTS often 1403 1403 need a multitude of non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of different printer 1404 1404 models. This often imposes the price of much increased instability. 1405 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641003"></a>Printer Drivers Running in “<span class="quote">Kernel Mode</span>”Cause Many1405 </p><div class="sect2" title="Printer Drivers Running in “Kernel Mode” Cause Many Problems"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647095"></a>Printer Drivers Running in <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Kernel Mode</span>”</span> Cause Many 1406 1406 Problems</h3></div></div></div><p> 1407 Windows NT printer drivers, which run in “<span class="quote">kernel mode</span>”, introduce a high risk for the stability1407 Windows NT printer drivers, which run in <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">kernel mode</span>”</span>, introduce a high risk for the stability 1408 1408 of the system if the driver is not really stable and well-tested. And there are a lot of bad drivers out 1409 1409 there! Especially notorious is the example of the PCL printer driver that had an additional sound module 1410 1410 running to notify users via soundcard of their finished jobs. Do I need to say that this one was also reliably 1411 causing “<span class="quote">blue screens of death</span>”on a regular basis?1411 causing <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">blue screens of death</span>”</span> on a regular basis? 1412 1412 </p><p> 1413 1413 PostScript drivers are generally well-tested. They are not known to cause any problems, even though they also … … 1415 1415 one from Adobe and the one from Microsoft. Both are well-tested and are as stable as you can imagine on 1416 1416 Windows. The CUPS driver is derived from the Microsoft one. 1417 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641041"></a>Workarounds Impose Heavy Limitations</h3></div></div></div><p>1417 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Workarounds Impose Heavy Limitations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647134"></a>Workarounds Impose Heavy Limitations</h3></div></div></div><p> 1418 1418 In an attempt to work around problems, site administrators have resorted to restricting the 1419 1419 allowed drivers installed on their WTS to one generic PCL and one PostScript driver. This, however, restricts 1420 1420 the number of printer options available for clients to use. Often they can't get out more than simplex 1421 1421 prints from one standard paper tray, while their devices could do much better if driven by a different driver! 1422 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641059"></a>CUPS: A “<span class="quote">Magical Stone</span>”?</h3></div></div></div><p>1423 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1070"></a>1424 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1077"></a>1422 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="CUPS: A “Magical Stone”?"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647151"></a>CUPS: A <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Magical Stone</span>”</span>?</h3></div></div></div><p> 1423 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647162"></a> 1424 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647169"></a> 1425 1425 Using a PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD, seems to be a very elegant way to overcome all these 1426 1426 shortcomings. There are, depending on the version of Windows OS you use, up to three different PostScript … … 1429 1429 paper trays, duplex printing, and other settings. However, there is a certain price for this too: a CUPS 1430 1430 server acting as a PostScript RIP for its clients requires more CPU and RAM than when just acting as a 1431 “<span class="quote">raw spooling</span>”device. Plus, this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks1431 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw spooling</span>”</span> device. Plus, this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks 1432 1432 look very promising. 1433 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641102"></a>PostScript Drivers with No Major Problems, Even in Kernel1433 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="PostScript Drivers with No Major Problems, Even in Kernel Mode"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647194"></a>PostScript Drivers with No Major Problems, Even in Kernel 1434 1434 Mode</h3></div></div></div><p> 1435 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1110"></a>1436 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1117"></a>1437 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1124"></a>1438 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1131"></a>1439 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1138"></a>1440 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1145"></a>1435 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647203"></a> 1436 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647210"></a> 1437 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647217"></a> 1438 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647223"></a> 1439 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647230"></a> 1440 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647237"></a> 1441 1441 More recent printer drivers on W200x and XP no longer run in kernel mode (unlike Windows NT). However, both 1442 1442 operating systems can still use the NT drivers, running in kernel mode (you can roughly tell which is which as 1443 the drivers in subdirectory “<span class="quote">2</span>” of “<span class="quote">W32X86</span>” are “<span class="quote">old</span>”ones). As was1443 the drivers in subdirectory <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">2</span>”</span> of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">W32X86</span>”</span> are <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">old</span>”</span> ones). As was 1444 1444 said before, the Adobe as well as the Microsoft PostScript drivers are not known to cause any stability 1445 1445 problems. The CUPS driver is derived from the Microsoft one. There is a simple reason for this: the MS DDK … … 1447 1447 includes the source code of the Microsoft driver, and licensees of Visual Studio are allowed to use and modify 1448 1448 it for their own driver development efforts. This is what the CUPS people have done. The license does not 1449 allow them to publish the whole of the source code. However, they have released the “<span class="quote">diff</span>”under1450 the GPL, and if you are the owner of an “<span class="quote">MS DDK for Windows NT,</span>”you can check the driver1449 allow them to publish the whole of the source code. However, they have released the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">diff</span>”</span> under 1450 the GPL, and if you are the owner of an <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">MS DDK for Windows NT,</span>”</span> you can check the driver 1451 1451 yourself. 1452 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2641189"></a>Configuring CUPS for Driver Download</h2></div></div></div><p>1452 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Configuring CUPS for Driver Download"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2647282"></a>Configuring CUPS for Driver Download</h2></div></div></div><p> 1453 1453 As we have said before, all previously known methods to prepare client printer drivers on the Samba server for 1454 1454 download and Point'n'Print convenience of Windows workstations are working with CUPS, too. These methods were 1455 1455 described in <a class="link" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing</a>. In reality, this is a pure Samba 1456 1456 business and relates only to the Samba-Windows client relationship. 1457 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641212"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>: The Unknown Utility</h3></div></div></div><p>1458 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1222"></a>1457 </p><div class="sect2" title="cupsaddsmb: The Unknown Utility"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647304"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>: The Unknown Utility</h3></div></div></div><p> 1458 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647314"></a> 1459 1459 The <em class="parameter"><code>cupsaddsmb</code></em> utility (shipped with all current CUPS versions) is an alternative 1460 1460 method to transfer printer drivers into the Samba <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share. Remember, this … … 1468 1468 <code class="filename">cups-samba-[version].tar.gz</code>. It is preferred over the Adobe drivers because it has a 1469 1469 number of advantages: 1470 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>It supports a much more accurate page accounting.</p></li><li><p>It supports banner pages and page labels on all printers.</p></li><li><p>It supports the setting of a number of job IPP attributes1470 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>It supports a much more accurate page accounting.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>It supports banner pages and page labels on all printers.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>It supports the setting of a number of job IPP attributes 1471 1471 (such as job priority, page label, and job billing).</p></li></ul></div><p> 1472 1472 However, currently only Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by the 1473 1473 CUPS drivers. You will also need to get the respective part of the Adobe driver 1474 1474 if you need to support Windows 95, 98, and Me clients. 1475 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641310"></a>Prepare Your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code></h3></div></div></div><p>1475 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Prepare Your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647402"></a>Prepare Your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code></h3></div></div></div><p> 1476 1476 Prior to running <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code>, you need the settings in 1477 1477 <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> as shown in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#cupsadd-ex" title="Example 22.3. smb.conf for cupsaddsmb Usage">the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for cupsaddsmb Usage</a>. 1478 </p><div class="example"><a name="cupsadd-ex"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.3. smb.conf for cupsaddsmb Usage</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641379"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641391"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641403"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641423"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641435"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641447"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td># setting depends on your requirements</td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641462"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641474"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641486"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641497"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641518"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = Printer Drivers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641530"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /etc/samba/drivers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641542"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641554"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641565"></a><em class="parameter"><code>read only = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2641577"></a><em class="parameter"><code>write list = root, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641591"></a>CUPS “<span class="quote">PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</span>”</h3></div></div></div><p>1479 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1601"></a>1478 </p><div class="example"><a name="cupsadd-ex"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 22.3. smb.conf for cupsaddsmb Usage</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647472"></a><em class="parameter"><code>load printers = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647483"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printing = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647495"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printcap name = cups</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647516"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = All Printers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647528"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /var/spool/samba</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647539"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td># setting depends on your requirements</td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647555"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647566"></a><em class="parameter"><code>writable = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647578"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647590"></a><em class="parameter"><code>printer admin = root</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647611"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = Printer Drivers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647623"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /etc/samba/drivers</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647634"></a><em class="parameter"><code>browseable = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647646"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647658"></a><em class="parameter"><code>read only = yes</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id2647669"></a><em class="parameter"><code>write list = root, @smbprintadm</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="CUPS “PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP”"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647683"></a>CUPS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</span>”</span></h3></div></div></div><p> 1479 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647694"></a> 1480 1480 CUPS users may get the exact same package from <a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/software.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/software.html</a>. It is a separate package 1481 1481 from the CUPS-based software files, tagged as CUPS 1.1.x Windows NT/200x/XP Printer Driver for Samba (tar.gz, … … 1490 1490 cups-samba.ss 1491 1491 </pre><p> 1492 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1648"></a>1493 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1657"></a>1492 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647740"></a> 1493 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647749"></a> 1494 1494 These have been packaged with the ESP meta-packager software EPM. The <code class="filename">*.install</code> and 1495 1495 <code class="filename">*.remove</code> files are simple shell scripts, which untar the <code class="filename">*.ss</code> (the 1496 <code class="filename">*.ss</code> is nothing else but a tar archive, which can be untarred by “<span class="quote">tar</span>”too).1496 <code class="filename">*.ss</code> is nothing else but a tar archive, which can be untarred by <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">tar</span>”</span> too). 1497 1497 Then it puts the content into <code class="filename">/usr/share/cups/drivers/</code>. This content includes three 1498 1498 files: … … 1517 1517 </p><pre class="screen"> 1518 1518 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/</code></strong> 1519 </pre><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>1519 </pre><div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> 1520 1520 Due to a bug, one recent CUPS release puts the <code class="filename">cups.hlp</code> driver file 1521 1521 into<code class="filename">/usr/share/drivers/</code> instead of <code class="filename">/usr/share/cups/drivers/</code>. To work … … 1523 1523 the correct place. 1524 1524 </p></div><p> 1525 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1809"></a>1525 <a class="indexterm" name="id2647902"></a> 1526 1526 This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary only, but free of charge. No complete source code is 1527 1527 provided (yet). The reason is that it has been developed with the help of the Microsoft DDK and compiled with 1528 1528 Microsoft Visual Studio 6. Driver developers are not allowed to distribute the whole of the source code as 1529 free software. However, CUPS developers released the “<span class="quote">diff</span>”in source code under the GPL, so1529 free software. However, CUPS developers released the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">diff</span>”</span> in source code under the GPL, so 1530 1530 anybody with a license for Visual Studio and a DDK will be able to compile for himself or herself. 1531 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641830"></a>Recognizing Different Driver Files</h3></div></div></div><p>1531 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Recognizing Different Driver Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647923"></a>Recognizing Different Driver Files</h3></div></div></div><p> 1532 1532 The CUPS drivers do not support the older Windows 95/98/Me, but only the Windows NT/2000/XP client. 1533 </p><p>Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>cups.hlp</p></li><li><p>cupsdrvr.dll</p></li><li><p>cupsui.dll</p></li></ul></div><p>1533 </p><p>Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>cups.hlp</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>cupsdrvr.dll</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>cupsui.dll</p></li></ul></div><p> 1534 1534 Adobe drivers are available for the older Windows 95/98/Me as well as 1535 1535 for Windows NT/2000/XP clients. The set of files is different from the 1536 1536 different platforms. 1537 </p><p>Windows 95, 98, and ME are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>ADFONTS.MFM</p></li><li><p>ADOBEPS4.DRV</p></li><li><p>ADOBEPS4.HLP</p></li><li><p>DEFPRTR2.PPD</p></li><li><p>ICONLIB.DLL</p></li><li><p>PSMON.DLL</p></li></ul></div><p>Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>ADOBEPS5.DLL</p></li><li><p>ADOBEPSU.DLL</p></li><li><p>ADOBEPSU.HLP</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1538 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1928"></a>1537 </p><p>Windows 95, 98, and ME are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>ADFONTS.MFM</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>ADOBEPS4.DRV</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>ADOBEPS4.HLP</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>DEFPRTR2.PPD</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>ICONLIB.DLL</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>PSMON.DLL</p></li></ul></div><p>Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>ADOBEPS5.DLL</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>ADOBEPSU.DLL</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>ADOBEPSU.HLP</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1538 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648020"></a> 1539 1539 If both the Adobe driver files and the CUPS driver files for the support of Windows NT/200x/XP are presently 1540 1540 installed on the server, the Adobe files will be ignored and the CUPS files will be used. If you prefer 1541 1541 for whatever reason to use Adobe-only drivers, move away the three CUPS driver files. 1542 1542 The Windows 9x/Me clients use the Adobe drivers in any case. 1543 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641949"></a>Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</h3></div></div></div><p>1543 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648041"></a>Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</h3></div></div></div><p> 1544 1544 Acquiring the Adobe driver files seems to be unexpectedly difficult for many users. They are not available on 1545 1545 the Adobe Web site as single files, and the self-extracting and/or self-installing Windows-.exe is not easy to … … 1547 1547 client once. This will install the drivers (and one generic PostScript printer) locally on the client. When 1548 1548 they are installed, share the generic PostScript printer. After this, the client's <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share holds the Adobe files, which you can get with smbclient from the CUPS host. 1549 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2641974"></a>ESP Print Pro PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</h3></div></div></div><p>1550 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 1983"></a>1549 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="ESP Print Pro PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648067"></a>ESP Print Pro PostScript Driver for Windows NT/200x/XP</h3></div></div></div><p> 1550 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648075"></a> 1551 1551 Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install the ESP print drivers package as an alternative to the 1552 1552 Adobe PostScript drivers. To do so, retrieve the driver files from the normal download area of the ESP Print 1553 1553 Pro software at <a class="ulink" href="http://www.easysw.com/software.html" target="_top">Easy Software</a> web site. 1554 You need to locate the link labeled “<span class="quote">SAMBA</span>”among the <span class="guilabel">Download Printer Drivers for ESP1554 You need to locate the link labeled <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">SAMBA</span>”</span> among the <span class="guilabel">Download Printer Drivers for ESP 1555 1555 Print Pro 4.x</span> area and download the package. Once installed, you can prepare any driver by simply 1556 1556 highlighting the printer in the Printer Manager GUI and selecting <span class="guilabel">Export Driver...</span> from … … 1558 1558 the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share, and so on. The ESP Print Pro package includes the CUPS driver 1559 1559 files as well as a (licensed) set of Adobe drivers for the Windows 95/98/Me client family. 1560 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642037"></a>Caveats to Be Considered</h3></div></div></div><p>1561 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2045"></a>1562 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2051"></a>1563 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2058"></a>1564 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2065"></a>1560 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Caveats to Be Considered"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648129"></a>Caveats to Be Considered</h3></div></div></div><p> 1561 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648137"></a> 1562 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648144"></a> 1563 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648151"></a> 1564 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648157"></a> 1565 1565 Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually moved the <code class="filename">cups.hlp</code> file to 1566 1566 <code class="filename">/usr/share/cups/drivers/</code>), the driver is ready to be put into Samba's <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share (which often maps to <code class="filename">/etc/samba/drivers/</code> and contains a … … 1568 1568 running <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> (see also <code class="literal">man cupsaddsmb</code> for CUPS since release 1569 1569 1.1.16). 1570 </p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>1571 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2124"></a>1572 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2131"></a>1570 </p><div class="tip" title="Tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> 1571 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648216"></a> 1572 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648223"></a> 1573 1573 You may need to put root into the smbpasswd file by running <code class="literal">smbpasswd</code>; this is especially 1574 1574 important if you should run this whole procedure for the first time and are not working in an environment … … 1577 1577 Once the driver files are in the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share and are initialized, they are ready 1578 1578 to be downloaded and installed by the Windows NT/200x/XP clients. 1579 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1579 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1580 1580 Win 9x/Me clients will not work with the CUPS PostScript driver. For these you still need to use the 1581 1581 <code class="filename">ADOBE*.*</code> drivers, as previously stated. 1582 </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1582 </p></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1583 1583 It is not harmful if you still have the <code class="filename">ADOBE*.*</code> driver files from previous installations 1584 1584 in the <code class="filename">/usr/share/cups/drivers/</code> directory. The new <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> (from 1585 1585 1.1.16) will automatically prefer its own drivers if it finds both. 1586 </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1587 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2206"></a>1588 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2213"></a>1586 </p></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1587 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648299"></a> 1588 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648306"></a> 1589 1589 Should your Windows clients have had the old <code class="filename">ADOBE*.*</code> files for the Adobe PostScript 1590 1590 driver installed, the download and installation of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/200x/XP will 1591 1591 fail at first. You need to wipe the old driver from the clients first. It is not enough to 1592 “<span class="quote">delete</span>”the printer, because the driver files will still be kept by the clients and re-used if1592 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">delete</span>”</span> the printer, because the driver files will still be kept by the clients and re-used if 1593 1593 you try to re-install the printer. To really get rid of the Adobe driver files on the clients, open the 1594 1594 <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder (possibly via <span class="guilabel">Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> … … 1596 1596 Properties</span>. When the new dialog opens, select the <span class="guilabel">Drivers</span> tab. On the list 1597 1597 select the driver you want to delete and click the <span class="guilabel">Delete</span> button. This will only work if 1598 there is not one single printer left that uses that particular driver. You need to “<span class="quote">delete</span>”all1598 there is not one single printer left that uses that particular driver. You need to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">delete</span>”</span> all 1599 1599 printers using this driver in the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder first. You will need Administrator 1600 1600 privileges to do this. 1601 </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1602 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2289"></a>1603 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2298"></a>1601 </p></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1602 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648381"></a> 1603 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648390"></a> 1604 1604 Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver to a client, you can easily switch all 1605 1605 printers to this one by proceeding as described in <a class="link" href="classicalprinting.html" title="Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing … … 1607 1607 Properties</span> dialog, or use <code class="literal">rpcclient</code> with the <code class="literal">setdriver</code> 1608 1608 subcommand. 1609 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642336"></a>Windows CUPS PostScript Driver Versus Adobe Driver</h3></div></div></div><p>1609 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Windows CUPS PostScript Driver Versus Adobe Driver"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648429"></a>Windows CUPS PostScript Driver Versus Adobe Driver</h3></div></div></div><p> 1610 1610 Are you interested in a comparison between the CUPS and the Adobe PostScript drivers? For our purposes, these 1611 1611 are the most important items that weigh in favor of CUPS: 1612 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>No hassle with the Adobe EULA.</p></li><li><p>No hassle with the question,“<span class="quote">Where do I1613 get the ADOBE*.* driver files?</span>”</ p></li><li><p>1614 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2367"></a>1612 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>No hassle with the Adobe EULA.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No hassle with the question, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Where do I 1613 get the ADOBE*.* driver files?</span>”</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1614 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648459"></a> 1615 1615 The Adobe drivers (on request of the printer PPD associated with them) often put a PJL header in front of the 1616 1616 main PostScript part of the print file. Thus, the print file starts with <em class="parameter"><code><1B … … 1618 1618 <em class="parameter"><code>%!PS</code></em>. This leads to the CUPS daemon autotyping the incoming file as a print-ready file, 1619 1619 not initiating a pass through the <em class="parameter"><code>pstops</code></em> filter (to speak more technically, it is not 1620 regarded as the generic MIME-type <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2405"></a>1620 regarded as the generic MIME-type <a class="indexterm" name="id2648498"></a> 1621 1621 <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em>, but as the more special MIME type 1622 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2419"></a>1622 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648511"></a> 1623 1623 <em class="parameter"><code>application/cups.vnd-postscript</code></em>), which therefore also leads to the page accounting in 1624 1624 <em class="parameter"><code>/var/log/cups/page_log</code></em> not receiving the exact number of pages; instead the dummy page 1625 number of “<span class="quote">1</span>”is logged in a standard setup).1626 </p></li><li ><p>The Adobe driver has more options to misconfigure the1627 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2450"></a>1625 number of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">1</span>”</span> is logged in a standard setup). 1626 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The Adobe driver has more options to misconfigure the 1627 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648542"></a> 1628 1628 PostScript generated by it (like setting it inadvertently to 1629 1629 <span class="guilabel">Optimize for Speed</span> instead of 1630 1630 <span class="guilabel">Optimize for Portability</span>, which 1631 could lead to CUPS being unable to process it).</p></li><li ><p>The CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows1632 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2477"></a>1631 could lead to CUPS being unable to process it).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows 1632 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648569"></a> 1633 1633 clients to the CUPS server is guaranteed to autotype 1634 1634 as the generic MIME type <em class="parameter"><code>application/postscript</code></em>, 1635 1635 thus passing through the CUPS <em class="parameter"><code>pstops</code></em> filter and logging the 1636 1636 correct number of pages in the <code class="filename">page_log</code> for 1637 accounting and quota purposes.</p></li><li ><p>1638 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2510"></a>1637 accounting and quota purposes.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1638 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648602"></a> 1639 1639 The CUPS PostScript driver supports the sending of additional standard (IPP) print options by Windows 1640 1640 NT/200x/XP clients. Such additional print options are naming the CUPS standard <span class="emphasis"><em>banner … … 1642 1642 page-label option, setting a job priority, and setting the scheduled time of printing (with the option to 1643 1643 support additional useful IPP job attributes in the future). 1644 </p></li><li ><p>The CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of1644 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of 1645 1645 the new <em class="parameter"><code>*cupsJobTicket</code></em> comments at the 1646 1646 beginning of the PostScript file (which could be used in the future 1647 1647 for all sorts of beneficial extensions on the CUPS side, but which will 1648 1648 not disturb any other applications because they will regard it as a comment 1649 and simply ignore it).</p></li><li ><p>The CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the1649 and simply ignore it).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the 1650 1650 fully fledged CUPS IPP client for Windows NT/200x/XP to be released soon 1651 (probably alongside the first beta release for CUPS 1.2).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642554"></a>Run cupsaddsmb (Quiet Mode)</h3></div></div></div><p>1652 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2562"></a>1653 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2569"></a>1651 (probably alongside the first beta release for CUPS 1.2).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Run cupsaddsmb (Quiet Mode)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648647"></a>Run cupsaddsmb (Quiet Mode)</h3></div></div></div><p> 1652 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648655"></a> 1653 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648661"></a> 1654 1654 The <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> command copies the needed files into your <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> 1655 1655 share. Additionally, the PPD associated with this printer is copied from <code class="filename">/etc/cups/ppd/</code> … … 1659 1659 </p><p> 1660 1660 Here is an example of a successfully run <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> command: 1661 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2627"></a>1662 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2634"></a>1661 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648719"></a> 1662 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648726"></a> 1663 1663 </p><pre class="screen"> 1664 1664 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -U root infotec_IS2027</code></strong> 1665 1665 Password for root required to access localhost via Samba: <strong class="userinput"><code>['secret']</code></strong> 1666 1666 </pre><p> 1667 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2666"></a>1667 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648758"></a> 1668 1668 To share <span class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> printers and drivers, use the 1669 1669 <code class="option">-a</code> parameter instead of a printer name. Since 1670 <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> “<span class="quote">exports</span>”the printer drivers to Samba, it should be1670 <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">exports</span>”</span> the printer drivers to Samba, it should be 1671 1671 obvious that it only works for queues with a CUPS driver associated. 1672 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642694"></a>Run cupsaddsmb with Verbose Output</h3></div></div></div><p>1673 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2703"></a>1672 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Run cupsaddsmb with Verbose Output"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648787"></a>Run cupsaddsmb with Verbose Output</h3></div></div></div><p> 1673 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648795"></a> 1674 1674 Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the 1675 1675 <code class="option">-v</code> parameter to get a more verbose output. The 1676 output below was edited for better readability: all “<span class="quote">\</span>”at the end of1676 output below was edited for better readability: all <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> at the end of 1677 1677 a line indicate that I inserted an artificial line break plus some 1678 1678 indentation here: 1679 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2720"></a>1680 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2730"></a>1679 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648813"></a> 1680 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648822"></a> 1681 1681 </p><pre class="screen"> 1682 1682 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -U root -v infotec_2105</code></strong> … … 1740 1740 cmd = setdriver infotec_2105 infotec_2105 1741 1741 Successfully set infotec_2105 to driver infotec_2105. 1742 </pre><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>1742 </pre><div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> 1743 1743 You will see the root password for the Samba account printed on screen. 1744 1744 </p></div><p> … … 1747 1747 This will occur when the directories WIN40 and W32X86 already existed in the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> 1748 1748 driver download share (from a previous driver installation). These are harmless warning messages. 1749 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2642886"></a>Understanding cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div></div><p>1750 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2894"></a>1749 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Understanding cupsaddsmb"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648978"></a>Understanding cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div></div><p> 1750 <a class="indexterm" name="id2648986"></a> 1751 1751 What has happened? What did <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> do? There are five stages of the procedure: 1752 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>1753 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2919"></a>1754 Call the CUPS server via IPP and request the driver files and the PPD file for the named printer.</p></li><li ><p>Store the files temporarily in the local TEMPDIR (as defined in <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code>).</p></li><li><p>Connect via smbclient to the Samba server's <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share and put the files into the1755 share's WIN40 (for Windows 9x/Me) and W32X86 (for Windows NT/200x/XP) subdirectories.</p></li><li ><p>1756 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2956"></a>1752 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p> 1753 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649011"></a> 1754 Call the CUPS server via IPP and request the driver files and the PPD file for the named printer.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Store the files temporarily in the local TEMPDIR (as defined in <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code>).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Connect via smbclient to the Samba server's <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share and put the files into the 1755 share's WIN40 (for Windows 9x/Me) and W32X86 (for Windows NT/200x/XP) subdirectories.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1756 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649048"></a> 1757 1757 Connect via rpcclient to the Samba server and execute the <code class="literal">adddriver</code> command with the correct parameters. 1758 </p></li><li ><p>1759 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 2977"></a>1760 Connect via rpcclient to the Samba server a second time and execute the <code class="literal">setdriver</code> command.</p></li></ol></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1758 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1759 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649069"></a> 1760 Connect via rpcclient to the Samba server a second time and execute the <code class="literal">setdriver</code> command.</p></li></ol></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1761 1761 You can run the <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> utility with parameters to specify one remote host as Samba host 1762 1762 and a second remote host as CUPS host. Especially if you want to get a deeper understanding, it is a good idea … … 1766 1766 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -H sambaserver -h cupsserver -v printer</code></strong> 1767 1767 </pre><p> 1768 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643030"></a>How to Recognize If cupsaddsmb Completed Successfully</h3></div></div></div><p>1768 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="How to Recognize If cupsaddsmb Completed Successfully"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649123"></a>How to Recognize If cupsaddsmb Completed Successfully</h3></div></div></div><p> 1769 1769 You <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> always check if the utility completed 1770 1770 successfully in all fields. You need at minimum these three messages 1771 1771 among the output: 1772 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Printer Driver infotec_2105 successfully1772 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Printer Driver infotec_2105 successfully 1773 1773 installed.</em></span> # (for the W32X86 == Windows NT/200x/XP 1774 architecture).</p></li><li ><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Printer Driver infotec_2105 successfully1774 architecture).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Printer Driver infotec_2105 successfully 1775 1775 installed.</em></span> # (for the WIN40 == Windows 9x/Me 1776 architecture).</p></li><li ><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Successfully set [printerXPZ] to driver1776 architecture).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Successfully set [printerXPZ] to driver 1777 1777 [printerXYZ].</em></span></p></li></ol></div><p> 1778 1778 These messages are probably not easily recognized in the general … … 1789 1789 </pre><p> 1790 1790 it means that you might have set <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#USECLIENTDRIVER" target="_top">use client driver = yes</a> for this printer. 1791 Setting it to “<span class="quote">no</span>”will solve the problem. Refer to the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> man page for explanation of1791 Setting it to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">no</span>”</span> will solve the problem. Refer to the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> man page for explanation of 1792 1792 the <em class="parameter"><code>use client driver</code></em>. 1793 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>1793 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 1794 1794 It is impossible to see any diagnostic output if you do not run <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> in verbose mode. 1795 1795 Therefore, we strongly recommend against use of the default quiet mode. It will hide any problems from you that 1796 1796 might occur. 1797 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643152"></a>cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</h3></div></div></div><p>1798 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3160"></a>1799 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3167"></a>1797 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649245"></a>cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</h3></div></div></div><p> 1798 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649253"></a> 1799 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649260"></a> 1800 1800 Can't get the standard <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> command to run on a Samba PDC? Are you asked for the 1801 1801 password credential again and again, and the command just will not take off at all? Try one of these … … 1806 1806 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -H SAURON -U MIDEARTH\\root -h cups-server -v printername</code></strong> 1807 1807 </pre><p> 1808 (Note the two backslashes: the first one is required to “<span class="quote">escape</span>”the second one).1809 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643233"></a>cupsaddsmb Flowchart</h3></div></div></div><p>1810 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3241"></a>1811 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3248"></a>1808 (Note the two backslashes: the first one is required to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">escape</span>”</span> the second one). 1809 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="cupsaddsmb Flowchart"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649326"></a>cupsaddsmb Flowchart</h3></div></div></div><p> 1810 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649334"></a> 1811 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649341"></a> 1812 1812 <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#small14" title="Figure 22.16. cupsaddsmb Flowchart.">The cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a> shows a chart about the procedures, command flows, and 1813 1813 data flows of the <code class="literal">cupaddsmb</code> command. Note again: cupsaddsmb is 1814 1814 not intended to, and does not work with, raw print queues! 1815 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small14"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.16. cupsaddsmb Flowchart.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/14small.png" alt="cupsaddsmb Flowchart."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643314"></a>Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</h3></div></div></div><p>1816 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3323"></a>1817 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3330"></a>1815 </p><div class="figure"><a name="small14"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.16. cupsaddsmb Flowchart.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/14small.png" alt="cupsaddsmb Flowchart."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649407"></a>Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</h3></div></div></div><p> 1816 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649415"></a> 1817 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649422"></a> 1818 1818 After <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> is completed, your driver is prepared for the clients to use. Here are the 1819 1819 steps you must perform to download and install it via Point'n'Print. From a Windows client, browse to the 1820 1820 CUPS/Samba server: 1821 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1822 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3352"></a>1823 Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> share of Samba in Network Neighborhood.</p></li><li ><p>Right-click on the printer in question.</p></li><li><p>From the opening context menu select1821 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1822 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649445"></a> 1823 Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> share of Samba in Network Neighborhood.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the printer in question.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>From the opening context menu select 1824 1824 <span class="guimenuitem">Install...</span> or 1825 1825 <span class="guimenuitem">Connect...</span> (depending on the Windows version you use).</p></li></ul></div><p> … … 1831 1831 <code class="filename">\\SambaServer\PrinterName</code> entry in the drop-down list of available printers. 1832 1832 </p><p> 1833 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3422"></a>1834 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3428"></a>1835 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3435"></a>1833 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649514"></a> 1834 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649521"></a> 1835 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649528"></a> 1836 1836 <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> will only reliably work with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher and with Samba 1837 1837 version 2.2.4, or later. If it does not work, or if the automatic printer driver download to the clients does … … 1841 1841 <code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>net use lpt1: \\sambaserver\printershare /user:ntadmin</code></strong> 1842 1842 </pre><p> 1843 should you desire to use the CUPS networked PostScript RIP functions. (Note that user “<span class="quote">ntadmin</span>”1843 should you desire to use the CUPS networked PostScript RIP functions. (Note that user <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ntadmin</span>”</span> 1844 1844 needs to be a valid Samba user with the required privileges to access the printershare.) This sets up the 1845 1845 printer connection in the traditional LanMan way (not using MS-RPC). 1846 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cups-avoidps1"></a>Avoiding Critical PostScript Driver Settings on the Client</h3></div></div></div><p>1846 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Avoiding Critical PostScript Driver Settings on the Client"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cups-avoidps1"></a>Avoiding Critical PostScript Driver Settings on the Client</h3></div></div></div><p> 1847 1847 Printing works, but there are still problems. Most jobs print well, some do not print at all. Some jobs have 1848 1848 problems with fonts, which do not look very good. Some jobs print fast and some are dead-slow. Many of these … … 1850 1850 your print device is not PostScript-enabled, you are treating your Ghostscript installation on your CUPS host 1851 1851 with the output your client driver settings produce. Treat it well: 1852 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>1852 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 1853 1853 Avoid the PostScript Output Option: Optimize for Speed setting. Use the Optimize for Portability instead 1854 (Adobe PostScript driver).</p></li><li ><p>1854 (Adobe PostScript driver).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1855 1855 Don't use the Page Independence: NO setting. Instead, use Page Independence: YES (CUPS PostScript Driver). 1856 </p></li><li ><p>1856 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1857 1857 Recommended is the True Type Font Downloading Option: Native True Type over Automatic and Outline; 1858 you should by all means avoid Bitmap (Adobe PostScript Driver).</p></li><li ><p>1858 you should by all means avoid Bitmap (Adobe PostScript Driver).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1859 1859 Choose True Type Font: Download as Softfont into Printer over the default Replace by Device 1860 Font (for exotic fonts, you may need to change it back to get a printout at all; Adobe).</p></li><li ><p>1860 Font (for exotic fonts, you may need to change it back to get a printout at all; Adobe).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1861 1861 Sometimes you can choose PostScript Language Level: in case of problems try 2 1862 1862 instead of 3 (the latest ESP Ghostscript package handles Level 3 PostScript very well; Adobe). 1863 </p></li><li ><p>1864 Say Yes to PostScript Error Handler (Adobe).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2643549"></a>Installing PostScript Driver Files Manually Using rpcclient</h2></div></div></div><p>1863 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1864 Say Yes to PostScript Error Handler (Adobe).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Installing PostScript Driver Files Manually Using rpcclient"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2649642"></a>Installing PostScript Driver Files Manually Using rpcclient</h2></div></div></div><p> 1865 1865 Of course, you can run all the commands that are embedded into the 1866 1866 cupsaddsmb convenience utility yourself, one by one, and upload 1867 1867 and prepare the driver files for future client downloads. 1868 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>Prepare Samba (a CUPS print queue with the name of the1869 printer should be there. We are providing the driver now).</p></li><li ><p>Copy all files to <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em>.</p></li><li><p>1870 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3588"></a>1868 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Prepare Samba (a CUPS print queue with the name of the 1869 printer should be there. We are providing the driver now).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Copy all files to <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1870 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649681"></a> 1871 1871 Run <code class="literal">rpcclient adddriver</code> 1872 (for each client architecture you want to support).</p></li><li ><p>1873 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3609"></a>1872 (for each client architecture you want to support).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 1873 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649701"></a> 1874 1874 Run <code class="literal">rpcclient setdriver.</code></p></li></ol></div><p> 1875 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3628"></a>1876 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3637"></a>1877 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3646"></a>1878 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3655"></a>1879 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3665"></a>1875 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649720"></a> 1876 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649729"></a> 1877 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649739"></a> 1878 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649748"></a> 1879 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649757"></a> 1880 1880 We are going to do this now. First, read the man page on <em class="parameter"><code>rpcclient</code></em> to get a first idea. 1881 1881 Look at all the printing-related subcommands: <code class="literal">enumprinters</code>, <code class="literal">enumdrivers</code>, … … 1884 1884 You can use it to query (and command) a Windows NT (or 200x/XP) PC, too. MS-RPC is used by Windows clients, 1885 1885 among other things, to benefit from the Point'n'Print features. Samba can now mimic this as well. 1886 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643723"></a>A Check of the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div></div><p>1886 </p><div class="sect2" title="A Check of the rpcclient man Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649816"></a>A Check of the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div></div><p> 1887 1887 First let's check the <em class="parameter"><code>rpcclient</code></em> man page. Here are two relevant passages: 1888 1888 </p><p> 1889 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3742"></a>1890 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3748"></a>1891 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3755"></a>1889 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649834"></a> 1890 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649841"></a> 1891 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649848"></a> 1892 1892 <code class="literal">adddriver <arch> <config></code> Execute an <code class="literal">AddPrinterDriver()</code> RPC 1893 1893 to install the printer driver information on the server. The driver files should already exist in the … … 1905 1905 Comma Separated list of Files 1906 1906 </pre><p> 1907 Any empty fields should be entered as the string “<span class="quote">NULL</span>”.1907 Any empty fields should be entered as the string <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">NULL</span>”</span>. 1908 1908 </p><p> 1909 1909 Samba does not need to support the concept of print monitors, since these only apply to local printers whose 1910 drivers can use a bidirectional link for communication. This field should be “<span class="quote">NULL</span>”. On a remote1910 drivers can use a bidirectional link for communication. This field should be <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">NULL</span>”</span>. On a remote 1911 1911 NT print server, the print monitor for a driver must already be installed before adding the driver or else the 1912 1912 RPC will fail. 1913 1913 </p><p> 1914 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3833"></a>1915 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3840"></a>1914 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649926"></a> 1915 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649933"></a> 1916 1916 <code class="literal">setdriver <printername> <drivername></code> Execute a <code class="literal">SetPrinter()</code> 1917 1917 command to update the printer driver associated with an installed printer. The printer driver must already be 1918 1918 correctly installed on the print server. 1919 1919 </p><p> 1920 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3866"></a>1921 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3872"></a>1920 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649958"></a> 1921 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649965"></a> 1922 1922 See also the <code class="literal">enumprinters</code> and <code class="literal">enumdrivers</code> commands to 1923 1923 obtain a list of installed printers and drivers. 1924 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2643895"></a>Understanding the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div></div><p>1925 <a class="indexterm" name="id264 3903"></a>1924 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Understanding the rpcclient man Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649987"></a>Understanding the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div></div><p> 1925 <a class="indexterm" name="id2649996"></a> 1926 1926 The <span class="emphasis"><em>exact</em></span> format isn't made too clear by the man page, since you have to deal with some 1927 1927 parameters containing spaces. Here is a better description for it. We have line-broken the command and 1928 indicated the breaks with “<span class="quote">\</span>”. Usually you would type the command in one line without the line1928 indicated the breaks with <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span>. Usually you would type the command in one line without the line 1929 1929 breaks: 1930 1930 </p><pre class="screen"> … … 1936 1936 eight colon-separated fields. The last field may take multiple (in some very insane cases, even 20 different 1937 1937 additional) files. This might sound confusing at first. What the man pages call the 1938 “<span class="quote">LongPrinterName</span>” in reality should be called the “<span class="quote">Driver Name</span>”. You can name it1938 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">LongPrinterName</span>”</span> in reality should be called the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Driver Name</span>”</span>. You can name it 1939 1939 anything you want, as long as you use this name later in the <code class="literal">rpcclient ... setdriver</code> 1940 1940 command. For practical reasons, many name the driver the same as the printer. 1941 1941 </p><p> 1942 It isn't simple at all. I hear you asking: “<span class="quote">How do I know which files are Driver File</span>”,1943 “<span class="quote">Data File</span>”, “<span class="quote">Config File</span>”, “<span class="quote">Help File</span>” and“<span class="quote">Language Monitor1944 File in each case?</span>” For an answer, you may want to have a look at how a Windows NT box with a shared1942 It isn't simple at all. I hear you asking: <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">How do I know which files are Driver File</span>”</span>, 1943 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Data File</span>”</span>, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Config File</span>”</span>, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Help File</span>”</span> and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Language Monitor 1944 File in each case?</span>”</span> For an answer, you may want to have a look at how a Windows NT box with a shared 1945 1945 printer presents the files to us. Remember that this whole procedure has to be developed by the Samba Team by 1946 1946 listening to the traffic caused by Windows computers on the wire. We may as well turn to a Windows box now and 1947 1947 access it from a UNIX workstation. We will query it with <code class="literal">rpcclient</code> to see what it tells us 1948 1948 and try to understand the man page more clearly. 1949 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644000"></a>Producing an Example by Querying a Windows Box</h3></div></div></div><p>1950 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44008"></a>1951 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44017"></a>1949 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Producing an Example by Querying a Windows Box"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2650092"></a>Producing an Example by Querying a Windows Box</h3></div></div></div><p> 1950 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650101"></a> 1951 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650110"></a> 1952 1952 We could run <code class="literal">rpcclient</code> with a <code class="literal">getdriver</code> or a 1953 1953 <code class="literal">getprinter</code> subcommand (in level 3 verbosity) against it. Just sit down at a UNIX or Linux … … 1957 1957 </pre><p> 1958 1958 From the result it should become clear which is which. Here is an example from my installation: 1959 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44068"></a>1959 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650161"></a> 1960 1960 </p><pre class="screen"> 1961 1961 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -U'Danka%xxxx' W200xSERVER \ … … 1987 1987 would go into the last field <em class="parameter"><code>ListOfFiles,Comma-separated</code></em>. For the CUPS PostScript 1988 1988 drivers, we do not need any (nor would we for the Adobe PostScript driver); therefore, the field will get a 1989 “<span class="quote">NULL</span>”entry.1990 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644132"></a>Requirements for adddriver and setdriver to Succeed</h3></div></div></div><p>1991 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44140"></a>1992 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44150"></a>1993 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44156"></a>1989 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">NULL</span>”</span> entry. 1990 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Requirements for adddriver and setdriver to Succeed"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2650224"></a>Requirements for adddriver and setdriver to Succeed</h3></div></div></div><p> 1991 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650233"></a> 1992 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650242"></a> 1993 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650249"></a> 1994 1994 From the man page (and from the quoted output of <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> above) it becomes clear that 1995 1995 you need to have certain conditions in order to make the manual uploading and initializing of the driver files 1996 1996 succeed. The two <code class="literal">rpcclient</code> subcommands (<code class="literal">adddriver</code> and 1997 1997 <code class="literal">setdriver</code>) need to encounter the following preconditions to complete successfully: 1998 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You are connected as <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top">printer admin</a> or root (this is1999 <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> the “<span class="quote">Printer Operators</span>”group in NT, but the <span class="emphasis"><em>printer1998 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>You are connected as <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top">printer admin</a> or root (this is 1999 <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Printer Operators</span>”</span> group in NT, but the <span class="emphasis"><em>printer 2000 2000 admin</em></span> group as defined in the <em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em> section of <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>). 2001 </p></li><li ><p>Copy all required driver files to <code class="filename">\\SAMBA\print$\w32x86</code> and2002 <code class="filename">\\SAMBA\print$\win40</code> as appropriate. They will end up in the “<span class="quote">0</span>”respective2003 “<span class="quote">2</span>”subdirectories later. For now, <span class="emphasis"><em>do not</em></span> put them there; they'll be2001 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Copy all required driver files to <code class="filename">\\SAMBA\print$\w32x86</code> and 2002 <code class="filename">\\SAMBA\print$\win40</code> as appropriate. They will end up in the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">0</span>”</span> respective 2003 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">2</span>”</span> subdirectories later. For now, <span class="emphasis"><em>do not</em></span> put them there; they'll be 2004 2004 automatically used by the <code class="literal">adddriver</code> subcommand. (If you use <code class="literal">smbclient</code> to 2005 put the driver files into the share, note that you need to escape the “<span class="quote">$</span>”: <code class="literal">smbclient2006 //sambaserver/print\$ -U root.</code>)</p></li><li ><p>The user you're connecting as must be able to write to2005 put the driver files into the share, note that you need to escape the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">$</span>”</span>: <code class="literal">smbclient 2006 //sambaserver/print\$ -U root.</code>)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The user you're connecting as must be able to write to 2007 2007 the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share and create 2008 subdirectories.</p></li><li ><p>The printer you are going to set up for the Windows2009 clients needs to be installed in CUPS already.</p></li><li ><p>2010 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44310"></a>2011 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44319"></a>2008 subdirectories.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The printer you are going to set up for the Windows 2009 clients needs to be installed in CUPS already.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 2010 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650402"></a> 2011 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650411"></a> 2012 2012 The CUPS printer must be known to Samba; otherwise the <code class="literal">setdriver</code> subcommand fails with an 2013 2013 NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL error. To check if the printer is known by Samba, you may use the … … 2015 2015 proper update of the printer list until every smbd process had received a SIGHUP or was restarted. Remember 2016 2016 this in case you've created the CUPS printer just recently and encounter problems: try restarting Samba. 2017 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2644357"></a>Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</h3></div></div></div><p>2017 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2650449"></a>Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</h3></div></div></div><p> 2018 2018 We are going to install a printer driver now by manually executing all 2019 2019 required commands. Because this may seem a rather complicated process at 2020 2020 first, we go through the procedure step by step, explaining every 2021 2021 single action item as it comes up. 2022 </p><div class="procedure" ><a name="id2644370"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 22.2. Manual Driver Installation</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p class="title"><b>Install the printer on CUPS.</b></p><pre class="screen">2022 </p><div class="procedure" title="Procedure 22.2. Manual Driver Installation"><a name="id2650463"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 22.2. Manual Driver Installation</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step" title="Install the printer on CUPS."><p class="title"><b>Install the printer on CUPS.</b></p><pre class="screen"> 2023 2023 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpadmin -p mysmbtstprn -v socket://10.160.51.131:9100 -E \ 2024 2024 -P canonIR85.ppd</code></strong> … … 2028 2028 (a.k.a. JetDirect or Direct TCP/IP) connection. You need to be root 2029 2029 for this step. 2030 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Check if the printer is recognized by Samba.</b></p><p>2031 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44427"></a>2030 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional.) Check if the printer is recognized by Samba."><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Check if the printer is recognized by Samba.</b></p><p> 2031 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650519"></a> 2032 2032 </p><pre class="screen"> 2033 2033 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'enumprinters' localhost \ … … 2043 2043 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>kill -HUP `pidof smbd`</code></strong> 2044 2044 </pre><p> 2045 Check again. Troubleshoot and repeat until successful. Note the “<span class="quote">empty</span>”field between the two2046 commas in the “<span class="quote">description</span>”line. The driver name would appear here if there was one already. You2045 Check again. Troubleshoot and repeat until successful. Note the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">empty</span>”</span> field between the two 2046 commas in the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">description</span>”</span> line. The driver name would appear here if there was one already. You 2047 2047 need to know root's Samba password (as set by the <code class="literal">smbpasswd</code> command) for this step and most 2048 of the following steps. Alternatively, you can authenticate as one of the users from the “<span class="quote">write2049 list</span>” as defined in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em>.2050 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Check if Samba knows a driver for the printer.</b></p><p>2051 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44525"></a>2052 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44534"></a>2048 of the following steps. Alternatively, you can authenticate as one of the users from the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">write 2049 list</span>”</span> as defined in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em>. 2050 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional.) Check if Samba knows a driver for the printer."><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Check if Samba knows a driver for the printer.</b></p><p> 2051 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650617"></a> 2052 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650626"></a> 2053 2053 </p><pre class="screen"> 2054 2054 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'getprinter mysmbtstprn 2'\ … … 2076 2076 This step was done for the purpose of demonstrating this condition. An 2077 2077 attempt to connect to the printer at this stage will prompt a 2078 message along the lines of, “<span class="quote">The server does not have the required printer2079 driver installed.</span>” 2080 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Put all required driver files into Samba's2078 message along the lines of, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">The server does not have the required printer 2079 driver installed.</span>”</span> 2080 </p></li><li class="step" title="Put all required driver files into Samba's [print$]."><p class="title"><b>Put all required driver files into Samba's 2081 2081 [print$].</b></p><pre class="screen"> 2082 2082 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>smbclient //localhost/print\$ -U 'root%xxxx' \ … … 2088 2088 </pre><p> 2089 2089 (This command should be entered in one long single line. Line breaks and the line ends indicated by 2090 “<span class="quote">\</span>”have been inserted for readability reasons.) This step is <span class="emphasis"><em>required</em></span> for2090 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">\</span>”</span> have been inserted for readability reasons.) This step is <span class="emphasis"><em>required</em></span> for 2091 2091 the next one to succeed. It makes the driver files physically present in the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> 2092 2092 share. However, clients would still not be able to install them, because Samba does not yet treat them as 2093 driver files. A client asking for the driver would still be presented with a “<span class="quote">not installed here</span>”2093 driver files. A client asking for the driver would still be presented with a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">not installed here</span>”</span> 2094 2094 message. 2095 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Verify where the driver files are now.</b></p><pre class="screen">2095 </p></li><li class="step" title="Verify where the driver files are now."><p class="title"><b>Verify where the driver files are now.</b></p><pre class="screen"> 2096 2096 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>ls -l /etc/samba/drivers/W32X86/</code></strong> 2097 2097 total 669 … … 2103 2103 -rwxr--r-- 1 root ntadmin 169458 May 25 23:21 mysmbtstprn.PPD 2104 2104 </pre><p> 2105 The driver files now are in the W32X86 architecture “<span class="quote">root</span>”of2105 The driver files now are in the W32X86 architecture <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">root</span>”</span> of 2106 2106 <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em>. 2107 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba that these are driver files (<code class="literal">adddriver</code>).</b></p><p>2108 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44722"></a>2107 </p></li><li class="step" title="Tell Samba that these are driver files (adddriver)."><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba that these are driver files (<code class="literal">adddriver</code>).</b></p><p> 2108 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650815"></a> 2109 2109 </p><pre class="screen"> 2110 2110 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'adddriver "Windows NT x86" \ … … 2115 2115 </pre><p> 2116 2116 You cannot repeat this step if it fails. It could fail even as a result of a simple typo. It will most likely 2117 have moved a part of the driver files into the “<span class="quote">2</span>”subdirectory. If this step fails, you need to2117 have moved a part of the driver files into the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">2</span>”</span> subdirectory. If this step fails, you need to 2118 2118 go back to the fourth step and repeat it before you can try this one again. In this step, you need to choose a 2119 2119 name for your driver. It is normally a good idea to use the same name as is used for the printer name; 2120 2120 however, in big installations you may use this driver for a number of printers that obviously have different 2121 2121 names, so the name of the driver is not fixed. 2122 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Verify where the driver files are now.</b></p><pre class="screen">2122 </p></li><li class="step" title="Verify where the driver files are now."><p class="title"><b>Verify where the driver files are now.</b></p><pre class="screen"> 2123 2123 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>ls -l /etc/samba/drivers/W32X86/</code></strong> 2124 2124 total 1 … … 2136 2136 Notice how step 6 also moved the driver files to the appropriate 2137 2137 subdirectory. Compare this with the situation after step 5. 2138 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Verify if Samba now recognizes the driver.</b></p><p>2139 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44830"></a>2138 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional.) Verify if Samba now recognizes the driver."><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Verify if Samba now recognizes the driver.</b></p><p> 2139 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650922"></a> 2140 2140 </p><pre class="screen"> 2141 2141 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'enumdrivers 3' \ … … 2152 2152 Remember, this command greps for the name you chose for the 2153 2153 driver in step 6. This command must succeed before you can proceed. 2154 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba which printer should use these driver files (<code class="literal">setdriver</code>).</b></p><p>2155 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44885"></a>2154 </p></li><li class="step" title="Tell Samba which printer should use these driver files (setdriver)."><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba which printer should use these driver files (<code class="literal">setdriver</code>).</b></p><p> 2155 <a class="indexterm" name="id2650977"></a> 2156 2156 </p><pre class="screen"> 2157 2157 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'setdriver mysmbtstprn mydrivername' \ … … 2163 2163 succeed. The only preconditions are that <code class="literal">enumdrivers</code> must find the driver and 2164 2164 <code class="literal">enumprinters</code> must find the printer. 2165 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional) Verify if Samba has recognized this association.</b></p><p>2166 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44944"></a>2167 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44953"></a>2168 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 44963"></a>2165 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional) Verify if Samba has recognized this association."><p class="title"><b>(Optional) Verify if Samba has recognized this association.</b></p><p> 2166 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651037"></a> 2167 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651046"></a> 2168 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651055"></a> 2169 2169 </p><pre class="screen"> 2170 2170 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'getprinter mysmbtstprn 2' localhost \ … … 2206 2206 2207 2207 </pre><p> 2208 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45040"></a>2208 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651133"></a> 2209 2209 Compare these results with the ones from steps 2 and 3. Every one of these commands show the driver is installed. Even 2210 2210 the <code class="literal">enumprinters</code> command now lists the driver 2211 on the “<span class="quote">description</span>”line.2212 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Tickle the driver into a correct2211 on the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">description</span>”</span> line. 2212 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional.) Tickle the driver into a correct device mode."><p class="title"><b>(Optional.) Tickle the driver into a correct 2213 2213 device mode.</b></p><p> 2214 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45075"></a>2214 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651168"></a> 2215 2215 You certainly know how to install the driver on the client. In case 2216 2216 you are not particularly familiar with Windows, here is a short … … 2227 2227 (as defined in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>). Here is another method 2228 2228 to do this on Windows XP. It uses a command line, which you may type 2229 into the “<span class="quote">DOS box</span>”(type root's smbpassword when prompted):2229 into the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">DOS box</span>”</span> (type root's smbpassword when prompted): 2230 2230 </p><pre class="screen"> 2231 2231 <code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>runas /netonly /user:root "rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry \ … … 2234 2234 Change any printer setting once (like changing <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="guilabel">portrait</span> to 2235 2235 <span class="guilabel">landscape</span></em></span>), click on <span class="guibutton">Apply</span>, and change the setting back. 2236 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>Install the printer on a client (Point'n'Print).</b></p><p>2237 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45194"></a>2236 </p></li><li class="step" title="Install the printer on a client (Point'n'Print)."><p class="title"><b>Install the printer on a client (Point'n'Print).</b></p><p> 2237 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651286"></a> 2238 2238 </p><pre class="screen"> 2239 2239 <code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /in /n "\\sambaserver\mysmbtstprn"</code></strong> 2240 2240 </pre><p> 2241 2241 If it does not work, it could be a permissions problem with the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> share. 2242 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Optional) Print a test page.</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id2645235"></a><pre class="screen">2242 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Optional) Print a test page."><p class="title"><b>(Optional) Print a test page.</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id2651328"></a><pre class="screen"> 2243 2243 <code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /p /n "\\sambaserver\mysmbtstprn"</code></strong> 2244 2244 </pre><p> 2245 2245 Then hit [TAB] five times, [ENTER] twice, [TAB] once, and [ENTER] again, and march to the printer. 2246 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Recommended.) Study the test page.</b></p><p>2246 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Recommended.) Study the test page."><p class="title"><b>(Recommended.) Study the test page.</b></p><p> 2247 2247 Hmmm. Just kidding! By now you know everything about printer installations and you do not need to read a word. 2248 2248 Just put it in a frame and bolt it to the wall with the heading "MY FIRST RPCCLIENT-INSTALLED PRINTER" 2249 2249 why not just throw it away! 2250 </p></li><li ><p class="title"><b>(Obligatory.) Enjoy. Jump. Celebrate your success.</b></p><pre class="screen">2250 </p></li><li class="step" title="(Obligatory.) Enjoy. Jump. Celebrate your success."><p class="title"><b>(Obligatory.) Enjoy. Jump. Celebrate your success.</b></p><pre class="screen"> 2251 2251 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>echo "Cheeeeerioooooo! Success..." >> /var/log/samba/log.smbd</code></strong> 2252 </pre></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645315"></a>Troubleshooting Revisited</h3></div></div></div><p>2253 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45323"></a>2252 </pre></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Troubleshooting Revisited"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2651408"></a>Troubleshooting Revisited</h3></div></div></div><p> 2253 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651416"></a> 2254 2254 The setdriver command will fail if in Samba's mind the queue is not 2255 2255 already there. A successful installation displys the promising message that the: … … 2262 2262 result was NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL 2263 2263 </code></p><p> 2264 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45355"></a>2265 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45362"></a>2264 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651448"></a> 2265 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651454"></a> 2266 2266 It is not good enough that you can see the queue in CUPS, using the <code class="literal">lpstat -p ir85wm</code> 2267 2267 command. A bug in most recent versions of Samba prevents the proper update of the queue list. The recognition 2268 2268 of newly installed CUPS printers fails unless you restart Samba or send a HUP to all smbd processes. To verify 2269 2269 if this is the reason why Samba does not execute the <code class="literal">setdriver</code> command successfully, check 2270 if Samba “<span class="quote">sees</span>”the printer:2271 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45391"></a>2270 if Samba <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">sees</span>”</span> the printer: 2271 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651484"></a> 2272 2272 </p><pre class="screen"> 2273 2273 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient transmeta -N -U'root%xxxx' -c 'enumprinters 0'|grep ir85wm</code></strong> … … 2275 2275 </pre><p> 2276 2276 An alternate command could be this: 2277 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45421"></a>2277 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651514"></a> 2278 2278 </p><pre class="screen"> 2279 2279 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>rpcclient transmeta -N -U'root%secret' -c 'getprinter ir85wm' </code></strong> … … 2285 2285 </pre><p> 2286 2286 By the way, you can use these commands, plus a few more, of course, to install drivers on remote Windows NT print servers too! 2287 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2645458"></a>The Printing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</h2></div></div></div><p>2288 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45472"></a>2289 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45479"></a>2290 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45488"></a>2291 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45497"></a>2292 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45506"></a>2293 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45515"></a>2294 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45524"></a>2295 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45533"></a>2296 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45542"></a>2297 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45551"></a>2298 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45560"></a>2299 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45569"></a>2300 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45578"></a>2287 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="The Printing *.tdb Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2651551"></a>The Printing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</h2></div></div></div><p> 2288 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651565"></a> 2289 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651571"></a> 2290 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651580"></a> 2291 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651589"></a> 2292 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651598"></a> 2293 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651608"></a> 2294 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651617"></a> 2295 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651626"></a> 2296 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651634"></a> 2297 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651643"></a> 2298 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651652"></a> 2299 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651662"></a> 2300 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651671"></a> 2301 2301 Some mystery is associated with the series of files with a tdb suffix appearing in every Samba installation. 2302 2302 They are <code class="filename">connections.tdb</code>, <code class="filename">printing.tdb</code>, … … 2305 2305 <code class="filename">messages.tdb</code> , <code class="filename">ntprinters.tdb</code>, <code class="filename">sessionid.tdb</code>, 2306 2306 and <code class="filename">secrets.tdb</code>. What is their purpose? 2307 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645661"></a>Trivial Database Files</h3></div></div></div><p>2308 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45669"></a>2307 </p><div class="sect2" title="Trivial Database Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2651754"></a>Trivial Database Files</h3></div></div></div><p> 2308 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651762"></a> 2309 2309 A Windows NT (print) server keeps track of all information needed to serve its duty toward its clients by 2310 2310 storing entries in the Windows registry. Client queries are answered by reading from the registry, … … 2315 2315 <code class="filename">ntprinters.tdb</code>, <code class="filename">printing.tdb</code>,<code class="filename">ntforms.tdb</code>, and 2316 2316 <code class="filename">ntdrivers.tdb</code>. 2317 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645729"></a>Binary Format</h3></div></div></div><p>2318 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files are not human readable. They are written in a binary format. “<span class="quote">Why not2319 ASCII?</span>” , you may ask.“<span class="quote">After all, ASCII configuration files are a good and proven tradition on2320 UNIX.</span>” The reason for this design decision by the Samba Team is mainly performance. Samba needs to be2317 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Binary Format"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2651821"></a>Binary Format</h3></div></div></div><p> 2318 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files are not human readable. They are written in a binary format. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Why not 2319 ASCII?</span>”</span>, you may ask. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">After all, ASCII configuration files are a good and proven tradition on 2320 UNIX.</span>”</span> The reason for this design decision by the Samba Team is mainly performance. Samba needs to be 2321 2321 fast; it runs a separate <code class="literal">smbd</code> process for each client connection, in some environments many 2322 2322 thousands of them. Some of these <code class="literal">smbds</code> might need to write-access the same … … 2324 2324 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files allows for this provision. Many smbd processes may write to the same 2325 2325 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> file at the same time. This wouldn't be possible with pure ASCII files. 2326 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645795"></a>Losing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</h3></div></div></div><p>2326 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Losing *.tdb Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2651887"></a>Losing <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> Files</h3></div></div></div><p> 2327 2327 It is very important that all <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files remain consistent over all write and read 2328 2328 accesses. However, it may happen that these files <span class="emphasis"><em>do</em></span> get corrupted. (A <code class="literal">kill -9 … … 2331 2331 only option. After that, you need to re-create all print-related setups unless you have made a backup of the 2332 2332 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files in time. 2333 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2645846"></a>Using <code class="literal">tdbbackup</code></h3></div></div></div><p>2334 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45858"></a>2335 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45869"></a>2333 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Using tdbbackup"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2651938"></a>Using <code class="literal">tdbbackup</code></h3></div></div></div><p> 2334 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651950"></a> 2335 <a class="indexterm" name="id2651962"></a> 2336 2336 Samba ships with a little utility that helps the root user of your system to backup your 2337 2337 <code class="filename">*.tdb</code> files. If you run it with no argument, it prints a usage message: … … 2360 2360 -rw------- 1 root root 40960 May 2 03:44 printing.tdb.bak 2361 2361 2362 </pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2645965"></a>CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</h2></div></div></div><p>2363 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45974"></a>2362 </pre></div></div><div class="sect1" title="CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2652058"></a>CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</h2></div></div></div><p> 2363 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652066"></a> 2364 2364 CUPS ships with good support for HP LaserJet-type printers. You can install the generic driver as follows: 2365 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 45983"></a>2365 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652075"></a> 2366 2366 </p><pre class="screen"> 2367 2367 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd</code></strong> … … 2372 2372 </p><p> 2373 2373 The generic <code class="filename">laserjet.ppd,</code> however, does not support every special option for every 2374 LaserJet-compatible model. It constitutes a sort of “<span class="quote">least common denominator</span>”of all the models.2374 LaserJet-compatible model. It constitutes a sort of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">least common denominator</span>”</span> of all the models. 2375 2375 If for some reason you must pay for the commercially available ESP Print Pro drivers, your first move should 2376 2376 be to consult the database on the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">Linuxprinting</a> Web site. Linuxprinting.org has … … 2378 2378 the tireless work of Till Kamppeter from Mandrakesoft, who is also the principal author of the 2379 2379 <code class="literal">foomatic-rip</code> utility. 2380 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>2381 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46072"></a>2382 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46079"></a>2383 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46086"></a>2380 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 2381 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652164"></a> 2382 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652171"></a> 2383 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652178"></a> 2384 2384 The former <code class="literal">cupsomatic</code> concept is now being replaced by the new successor, a much more 2385 2385 powerful <code class="literal">foomatic-rip</code>. <code class="literal">cupsomatic</code> is no longer maintained. Here is the … … 2390 2390 are also intended to be used by Samba and the cupsaddsmb utility, to provide the driver files for the Windows 2391 2391 clients! 2392 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646141"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic Explained</h3></div></div></div><p>2393 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46149"></a>2394 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46156"></a>2392 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="foomatic-rip and Foomatic Explained"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2652233"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic Explained</h3></div></div></div><p> 2393 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652241"></a> 2394 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652248"></a> 2395 2395 Nowadays, most Linux distributions rely on the utilities from the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" target="_top">Linuxprinting.org</a> to create their printing-related software 2396 2396 (which, by the way, works on all UNIXes and on Mac OS X and Darwin, too). The utilities from this sire have a … … 2403 2403 available for the various driver/printer combinations in its <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic.html" target="_top">Foomatic</a> database. Currently there are <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/driver_list.cgi" target="_top">245 drivers</a> in the database. Many drivers support 2404 2404 various models, and many models may be driven by different drivers its your choice! 2405 </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646210"></a>690 “<span class="quote">Perfect</span>”Printers</h4></div></div></div><p>2406 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46222"></a>2405 </p><div class="sect3" title="690 “Perfect” Printers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652303"></a>690 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Perfect</span>”</span> Printers</h4></div></div></div><p> 2406 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652314"></a> 2407 2407 At present, there are 690 devices dubbed as working perfectly: 181 are <span class="emphasis"><em>mostly</em></span> perfect, 96 2408 2408 are <span class="emphasis"><em>partially</em></span> perfect, and 46 are paperweights. Keeping in mind that most of these are … … 2412 2412 achievement! Three years ago the number was not more than 500, and Linux or UNIX printing at the time wasn't 2413 2413 anywhere near the quality it is today. 2414 </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646251"></a>How the Printing HOWTO Started It All</h4></div></div></div><p>2414 </p></div><div class="sect3" title="How the Printing HOWTO Started It All"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652344"></a>How the Printing HOWTO Started It All</h4></div></div></div><p> 2415 2415 A few years ago <a class="ulink" href="http://www2.picante.com/" target="_top">Grant Taylor</a> started it all. The 2416 2416 roots of today's Linuxprinting.org are in the first <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic2.9/howto/" target="_top">Linux Printing HOWTO</a> that he authored. As a 2417 2417 side-project to this document, which served many Linux users and admins to guide their first steps in this 2418 complicated and delicate setup (to a scientist, printing is “<span class="quote">applying a structured deposition of2419 distinct patterns of ink or toner particles on paper substrates</span>” ), he started to build in a little2418 complicated and delicate setup (to a scientist, printing is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">applying a structured deposition of 2419 distinct patterns of ink or toner particles on paper substrates</span>”</span>), he started to build in a little 2420 2420 Postgres database with information about the hardware and driver zoo that made up Linux printing of the time. 2421 2421 This database became the core component of today's Foomatic collection of tools and data. In the meantime, it 2422 2422 has moved to an XML representation of the data. 2423 </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646289"></a>Foomatic's Strange Name</h4></div></div></div><p>2424 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46297"></a>2425 “<span class="quote">Why the funny name?</span>”you ask. When it really took off, around spring 2000, CUPS was far less2423 </p></div><div class="sect3" title="Foomatic's Strange Name"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652382"></a>Foomatic's Strange Name</h4></div></div></div><p> 2424 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652390"></a> 2425 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Why the funny name?</span>”</span> you ask. When it really took off, around spring 2000, CUPS was far less 2426 2426 popular than today, and most systems used LPD, LPRng, or even PDQ to print. CUPS shipped with a few generic 2427 2427 drivers (good for a few hundred different printer models). These didn't support many device-specific options. … … 2432 2432 </p><p> 2433 2433 Taylor already had in his database a respectable compilation of facts about many more printers and the 2434 Ghostscript “<span class="quote">drivers</span>”they run with. His idea, to generate PPDs from the database information and2434 Ghostscript <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">drivers</span>”</span> they run with. His idea, to generate PPDs from the database information and 2435 2435 use them to make standard Ghostscript filters work within CUPS, proved to work very well. It also killed 2436 2436 several birds with one stone: 2437 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>It made all current and future Ghostscript filter2438 developments available for CUPS.</p></li><li ><p>It made available a lot of additional printer models2437 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>It made all current and future Ghostscript filter 2438 developments available for CUPS.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>It made available a lot of additional printer models 2439 2439 to CUPS users (because often the traditional Ghostscript way of 2440 printing was the only one available).</p></li><li ><p>It gave all the advanced CUPS options (Web interface,2440 printing was the only one available).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>It gave all the advanced CUPS options (Web interface, 2441 2441 GUI driver configurations) to users wanting (or needing) to use 2442 Ghostscript filters.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646364"></a>cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</h4></div></div></div><p>2443 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46372"></a>2444 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46379"></a>2445 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46386"></a>2442 Ghostscript filters.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" title="cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652456"></a>cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</h4></div></div></div><p> 2443 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652465"></a> 2444 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652472"></a> 2445 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652478"></a> 2446 2446 CUPS worked through a quickly hacked-up filter script named <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/download.cgi?filename=cupsomatic&show=0" target="_top">cupsomatic</a>. cupsomatic 2447 2447 ran the printfile through Ghostscript, constructing automatically the rather complicated command line needed. … … 2460 2460 amount of new information and new printers. He also developed the support for other spoolers, like <a class="ulink" href="http://ppr.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">PPR</a> (via ppromatic), <a class="ulink" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/lpr/" target="_top">GNUlpr</a>, and <a class="ulink" href="http://www.lprng.org/" target="_top">LPRng</a> (both via an extended lpdomatic) and spooler-less printing (<a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/download.cgi?filename=directomatic&show=0" target="_top">directomatic</a>). 2461 2461 </p><p> 2462 So, to answer your question, “<span class="quote">Foomatic</span>”is the general name for all the overlapping code and data2463 behind the “<span class="quote">*omatic</span>”scripts. Foomatic, up to versions 2.0.x, required (ugly) Perl data2464 structures attached to Linuxprinting.org PPDs for CUPS. It had a different “<span class="quote">*omatic</span>”script for2462 So, to answer your question, <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Foomatic</span>”</span> is the general name for all the overlapping code and data 2463 behind the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*omatic</span>”</span> scripts. Foomatic, up to versions 2.0.x, required (ugly) Perl data 2464 structures attached to Linuxprinting.org PPDs for CUPS. It had a different <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">*omatic</span>”</span> script for 2465 2465 every spooler, as well as different printer configuration files. 2466 </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646520"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>Grand Unification</em></span> Achieved</h4></div></div></div><p>2467 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46531"></a>2468 This has all changed in Foomatic versions 2.9 (beta) and released as “<span class="quote">stable</span>”3.0. It has now2466 </p></div><div class="sect3" title="The Grand Unification Achieved"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652612"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>Grand Unification</em></span> Achieved</h4></div></div></div><p> 2467 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652624"></a> 2468 This has all changed in Foomatic versions 2.9 (beta) and released as <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">stable</span>”</span> 3.0. It has now 2469 2469 achieved the convergence of all *omatic scripts and is called the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic2.9/download.cgi?filename=foomatic-rip&show=0" target="_top">foomatic-rip</a>. 2470 2470 This single script is the unification of the previously different spooler-specific *omatic scripts. … … 2474 2474 there is improved media type and source support paper sizes and trays are easier to configure. 2475 2475 </p><p> 2476 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46567"></a>2477 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46573"></a>2478 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46580"></a>2476 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652659"></a> 2477 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652665"></a> 2478 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652672"></a> 2479 2479 Also, the new generation of Linuxprinting.org PPDs no longer contains Perl data structures. If you are a 2480 2480 distro maintainer and have used the previous version of Foomatic, you may want to give the new one a spin, but … … 2483 2483 the steps</a> outlined in the Foomatic tutorial or in this chapter. This new development is truly amazing. 2484 2484 </p><p> 2485 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46613"></a>2486 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46620"></a>2487 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46627"></a>2485 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652705"></a> 2486 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652712"></a> 2487 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652719"></a> 2488 2488 foomatic-rip is a very clever wrapper around the need to run Ghostscript with a different syntax, options, 2489 2489 device selections, and/or filters for each different printer or spooler. At the same time, it can read the PPD … … 2493 2493 printing on media drawn from different paper trays within the same job (in both cases, even where there is no 2494 2494 support for this from Windows-based vendor printer drivers). 2495 </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646648"></a>Driver Development Outside</h4></div></div></div><p>2496 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46656"></a>2495 </p></div><div class="sect3" title="Driver Development Outside"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652740"></a>Driver Development Outside</h4></div></div></div><p> 2496 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652748"></a> 2497 2497 Most driver development itself does not happen within Linuxprinting.org. Drivers are written by independent 2498 2498 maintainers. Linuxprinting.org just pools all the information and stores it in its database. In addition, it … … 2501 2501 </p><p> 2502 2502 Speaking of the different driver development groups, most of the work is currently done in three projects: 2503 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>2504 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46680"></a>2503 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> 2504 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652773"></a> 2505 2505 <a class="ulink" href="http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/" target="_top">Omni</a> 2506 2506 a free software project by IBM that tries to convert its printer 2507 2507 driver knowledge from good-ol' OS/2 times into a modern, modular, 2508 2508 universal driver architecture for Linux/UNIX (still beta). This 2509 currently supports 437 models.</p></li><li ><p>2510 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46705"></a>2509 currently supports 437 models.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 2510 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652797"></a> 2511 2511 <a class="ulink" href="http://hpinkjet.sf.net/" target="_top">HPIJS</a> 2512 2512 a free software project by HP to provide the support for its own 2513 2513 range of models (very mature, printing in most cases is perfect and 2514 2514 provides true photo quality). This currently supports 369 2515 models.</p></li><li ><p>2516 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46728"></a>2515 models.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 2516 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652820"></a> 2517 2517 <a class="ulink" href="http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">Gutenprint</a> a free software 2518 2518 effort, started by Michael Sweet (also lead developer for CUPS), now … … 2520 2520 photo print quality (many Epson users swear that its quality is 2521 2521 better than the vendor drivers provided by Epson for the Microsoft 2522 platforms). This currently supports 522 models.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646752"></a>Forums, Downloads, Tutorials, Howtos (Also for Mac OS X and Commercial UNIX)</h4></div></div></div><p>2522 platforms). This currently supports 522 models.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" title="Forums, Downloads, Tutorials, Howtos (Also for Mac OS X and Commercial UNIX)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652845"></a>Forums, Downloads, Tutorials, Howtos (Also for Mac OS X and Commercial UNIX)</h4></div></div></div><p> 2523 2523 Linuxprinting.org today is the one-stop shop to download printer drivers. Look for printer information and 2524 2524 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org//kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/" target="_top">tutorials</a> or solve … … 2529 2529 forum</a> has turned out to be one of the most frequented forums after only a few weeks. 2530 2530 </p><p> 2531 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46797"></a>2532 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46804"></a>2533 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46811"></a>2531 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652890"></a> 2532 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652896"></a> 2533 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652903"></a> 2534 2534 Linuxprinting.org and the Foomatic driver wrappers around Ghostscript are now a standard tool-chain for 2535 2535 printing on all the important distros. Most of them also have CUPS underneath. While in recent years most … … 2537 2537 Hat, Conectiva, Debian, and others. Vendor-neutrality is an important goal of the Foomatic project. Mandrake 2538 2538 and Conectiva have merged and are now called Mandriva. 2539 </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>2539 </p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 2540 2540 Till Kamppeter from Mandrakesoft is doing an excellent job in his spare time to maintain Linuxprinting.org and 2541 2541 Foomatic. So if you use it often, please send him a note showing your appreciation. 2542 </p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2646836"></a>Foomatic Database-Generated PPDs</h4></div></div></div><p>2543 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46844"></a>2544 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46851"></a>2545 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46858"></a>2546 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46864"></a>2547 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46871"></a>2548 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46878"></a>2549 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46885"></a>2550 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46892"></a>2551 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 46899"></a>2542 </p></div></div><div class="sect3" title="Foomatic Database-Generated PPDs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2652928"></a>Foomatic Database-Generated PPDs</h4></div></div></div><p> 2543 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652936"></a> 2544 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652943"></a> 2545 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652950"></a> 2546 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652957"></a> 2547 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652964"></a> 2548 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652970"></a> 2549 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652977"></a> 2550 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652984"></a> 2551 <a class="indexterm" name="id2652991"></a> 2552 2552 The Foomatic database is an amazing piece of ingenuity in itself. Not only does it keep the printer and driver 2553 2553 information, but it is organized in a way that it can generate PPD files on the fly from its internal … … 2564 2564 developers. The rest is easy. GUI tools (like KDE's marvelous <a class="ulink" href="http://printing.kde.org/overview/kprinter.phtml" target="_top">kprinter</a> or the GNOME <a class="ulink" href="http://gtklp.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">gtklp</a> xpp and the CUPS Web interface) read the PPD as well and use 2565 2565 this information to present the available settings to the user as an intuitive menu selection. 2566 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2646962"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic PPD Download and Installation</h3></div></div></div><p>2566 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="foomatic-rip and Foomatic PPD Download and Installation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653055"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic PPD Download and Installation</h3></div></div></div><p> 2567 2567 Here are the steps to install a foomatic-rip-driven LaserJet 4 Plus-compatible 2568 2568 printer in CUPS (note that recent distributions of SuSE, UnitedLinux and … … 2570 2570 <code class="literal">foomatic-rip</code> utility. Going directly to 2571 2571 Linuxprinting.org ensures that you get the latest driver/PPD files). 2572 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Open your browser at the Linuxprinting.org printer list <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">page.</a>2573 </p></li><li ><p>Check the complete list of printers in the2572 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Open your browser at the Linuxprinting.org printer list <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">page.</a> 2573 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Check the complete list of printers in the 2574 2574 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi?make=Anyone" target="_top">database.</a>. 2575 </p></li><li ><p>Select your model and click on the link.2576 </p></li><li ><p>You'll arrive at a page listing all drivers working with this2575 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Select your model and click on the link. 2576 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>You'll arrive at a page listing all drivers working with this 2577 2577 model (for all printers, there will always be <span class="emphasis"><em>one</em></span> 2578 2578 recommended driver. Try this one first). 2579 </p></li><li ><p>In our case (HP LaserJet 4 Plus), we'll arrive at the default driver for the2579 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In our case (HP LaserJet 4 Plus), we'll arrive at the default driver for the 2580 2580 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=HP-LaserJet_4_Plus" target="_top">HP-LaserJet 4 Plus.</a> 2581 </p></li><li ><p>The recommended driver is ljet4.</p></li><li><p>Several links are provided here. You should visit them all if you2581 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The recommended driver is ljet4.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Several links are provided here. You should visit them all if you 2582 2582 are not familiar with the Linuxprinting.org database. 2583 </p></li><li ><p>There is a link to the database page for the2583 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>There is a link to the database page for the 2584 2584 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4" target="_top">ljet4</a>. 2585 2585 On the driver's page, you'll find important and detailed information 2586 2586 about how to use that driver within the various available 2587 spoolers.</p></li><li ><p>Another link may lead you to the home page of the2588 author of the driver.</p></li><li ><p>Important links are the ones that provide hints with2587 spoolers.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Another link may lead you to the home page of the 2588 author of the driver.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Important links are the ones that provide hints with 2589 2589 setup instructions for <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html" target="_top">CUPS</a>; 2590 2590 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/pdq-doc.html" target="_top">PDQ</a>; 2591 2591 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/lpd-doc.html" target="_top">LPD, LPRng, and GNUlpr</a>); 2592 2592 as well as <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/ppr-doc.html" target="_top">PPR</a> 2593 or “<span class="quote">spoolerless</span>”<a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/direct-doc.html" target="_top">printing</a>.2594 </p></li><li ><p>You can view the PPD in your browser through this link:2593 or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">spoolerless</span>”</span> <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/direct-doc.html" target="_top">printing</a>. 2594 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>You can view the PPD in your browser through this link: 2595 2595 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/ppd-o-matic.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=HP-LaserJet_4_Plus&show=1" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/ppd-o-matic.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=HP-LaserJet_4_Plus&show=1</a> 2596 </p></li><li ><p>Most importantly, you can also generate and download2596 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Most importantly, you can also generate and download 2597 2597 the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/ppd-o-matic.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=HP-LaserJet_4_Plus&show=0" target="_top">PPD</a>. 2598 </p></li><li ><p>The PPD contains all the information needed to use our2598 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The PPD contains all the information needed to use our 2599 2599 model and the driver; once installed, this works transparently 2600 2600 for the user. Later you'll only need to choose resolution, paper size, 2601 2601 and so on, from the Web-based menu, or from the print dialog GUI, or from 2602 the command line.</p></li><li ><p>If you ended up on the drivers2602 the command line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you ended up on the drivers 2603 2603 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4" target="_top">page</a>, 2604 you can choose to use the “<span class="quote">PPD-O-Matic</span>”online PPD generator2605 program.</p></li><li ><p>Select the exact model and check either <span class="guilabel">Download</span> or2606 <span class="guilabel">Display PPD file</span> and click <span class="guilabel">Generate PPD file</span>.</p></li><li ><p>If you save the PPD file from the browser view, please2604 you can choose to use the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">PPD-O-Matic</span>”</span> online PPD generator 2605 program.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Select the exact model and check either <span class="guilabel">Download</span> or 2606 <span class="guilabel">Display PPD file</span> and click <span class="guilabel">Generate PPD file</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you save the PPD file from the browser view, please 2607 2607 do not use cut and paste (since it could possibly damage line endings 2608 2608 and tabs, which makes the PPD likely to fail its duty), but use <span class="guimenuitem">Save 2609 2609 as...</span> in your browser's menu. (It is best to use the <span class="guilabel">Download</span> option 2610 directly from the Web page.)</p></li><li ><p>Another interesting part on each driver page is2610 directly from the Web page.)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Another interesting part on each driver page is 2611 2611 the <span class="guimenuitem">Show execution details</span> button. If you 2612 2612 select your printer model and click on that button, 2613 2613 a complete Ghostscript command line will be displayed, enumerating all options 2614 2614 available for that combination of driver and printer model. This is a great way to 2615 “<span class="quote">learn Ghostscript by doing</span>”. It is also an excellent cheat sheet2615 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">learn Ghostscript by doing</span>”</span>. It is also an excellent cheat sheet 2616 2616 for all experienced users who need to reconstruct a good command line 2617 2617 for that darned printing script, but can't remember the exact 2618 syntax. </p></li><li ><p>Sometime during your visit to Linuxprinting.org, save2618 syntax. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Sometime during your visit to Linuxprinting.org, save 2619 2619 the PPD to a suitable place on your hard disk, say 2620 2620 <code class="filename">/path/to/my-printer.ppd</code> (if you prefer to install 2621 2621 your printers with the help of the CUPS Web interface, save the PPD to 2622 2622 the <code class="filename">/usr/share/cups/model/</code> path and restart 2623 cupsd).</p></li><li ><p>Then install the printer with a suitable command line,2623 cupsd).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Then install the printer with a suitable command line, 2624 2624 like this: 2625 2625 </p><pre class="screen"> 2626 2626 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E \ 2627 2627 -P path/to/my-printer.ppd</code></strong> 2628 </pre></li><li ><p>For all the new-style “<span class="quote">Foomatic-PPDs</span>”2628 </pre></li><li class="listitem"><p>For all the new-style <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Foomatic-PPDs</span>”</span> 2629 2629 from Linuxprinting.org, you also need a special CUPS filter named 2630 2630 foomatic-rip. 2631 </p></li><li ><p>The foomatic-rip Perl script itself also makes some2631 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The foomatic-rip Perl script itself also makes some 2632 2632 interesting <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic2.9/download.cgi?filename=foomatic-rip&show=1" target="_top">reading</a> 2633 2633 because it is well documented by Kamppeter's in-line comments (even 2634 2634 non-Perl hackers will learn quite a bit about printing by reading 2635 it).</p></li><li ><p>Save foomatic-rip either directly in2635 it).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Save foomatic-rip either directly in 2636 2636 <code class="filename">/usr/lib/cups/filter/foomatic-rip</code> or somewhere in 2637 2637 your $PATH (and remember to make it world-executable). Again, 2638 2638 do not save by copy and paste but use the appropriate link or the 2639 <span class="guimenuitem">Save as...</span> menu item in your browser.</p></li><li ><p>If you save foomatic-rip in your $PATH, create a symlink:2639 <span class="guimenuitem">Save as...</span> menu item in your browser.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you save foomatic-rip in your $PATH, create a symlink: 2640 2640 </p><pre class="screen"> 2641 2641 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>cd /usr/lib/cups/filter/ ; ln -s `which foomatic-rip'</code></strong> … … 2649 2649 (transparently for you, the user) the complicated Ghostscript command line telling the printer driver exactly 2650 2650 how the resulting raster data should look and which printer commands to embed into the data stream. You need: 2651 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A “<span class="quote">foomatic+something</span>”PPD but this is not enough2651 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>A <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">foomatic+something</span>”</span> PPD but this is not enough 2652 2652 to print with CUPS (it is only <span class="emphasis"><em>one</em></span> important 2653 component).</p></li><li ><p>The <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em> filter script (Perl) in2654 <code class="filename">/usr/lib/cups/filters/</code>.</p></li><li ><p>Perl to make foomatic-rip run.</p></li><li><p>Ghostscript (because it is doing the main work,2653 component).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The <em class="parameter"><code>foomatic-rip</code></em> filter script (Perl) in 2654 <code class="filename">/usr/lib/cups/filters/</code>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Perl to make foomatic-rip run.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ghostscript (because it is doing the main work, 2655 2655 controlled by the PPD/foomatic-rip combo) to produce the raster data 2656 fit for your printer model's consumption.</p></li><li ><p>Ghostscript <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> (depending on2656 fit for your printer model's consumption.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ghostscript <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> (depending on 2657 2657 the driver/model) contain support for a certain device representing 2658 the selected driver for your model (as shown by <code class="literal">gs -h</code>).</p></li><li ><p>foomatic-rip needs a new version of PPDs (PPD versions2659 produced for cupsomatic do not work with foomatic-rip).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2647435"></a>Page Accounting with CUPS</h2></div></div></div><p>2660 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47443"></a>2658 the selected driver for your model (as shown by <code class="literal">gs -h</code>).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>foomatic-rip needs a new version of PPDs (PPD versions 2659 produced for cupsomatic do not work with foomatic-rip).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Page Accounting with CUPS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2653528"></a>Page Accounting with CUPS</h2></div></div></div><p> 2660 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653536"></a> 2661 2661 Often there are questions regarding print quotas where Samba users (that is, Windows clients) should not be 2662 2662 able to print beyond a certain number of pages or data volume per day, week, or month. This feature is … … 2666 2666 Of course one could hack things with one's own scripts. But then there is CUPS. CUPS supports quotas that can 2667 2667 be based on the size of jobs or on the number of pages or both, and can span any time period you want. 2668 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647471"></a>Setting Up Quotas</h3></div></div></div><p>2669 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47479"></a>2668 </p><div class="sect2" title="Setting Up Quotas"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653563"></a>Setting Up Quotas</h3></div></div></div><p> 2669 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653571"></a> 2670 2670 This is an example command of how root would set a print quota in CUPS, assuming an existing printer named 2671 “<span class="quote">quotaprinter</span>”:2672 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47493"></a>2671 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">quotaprinter</span>”</span>: 2672 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653586"></a> 2673 2673 </p><pre class="screen"> 2674 2674 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 \ … … 2677 2677 This would limit every single user to print no more than 100 pages or 1024 KB of 2678 2678 data (whichever comes first) within the last 604,800 seconds ( = 1 week). 2679 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647525"></a>Correct and Incorrect Accounting</h3></div></div></div><p>2679 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Correct and Incorrect Accounting"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653617"></a>Correct and Incorrect Accounting</h3></div></div></div><p> 2680 2680 For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS pstops filter; otherwise it uses a dummy 2681 count of “<span class="quote">one</span>”. Some print files do not pass it (e.g., image files), but then those are mostly2681 count of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">one</span>”</span>. Some print files do not pass it (e.g., image files), but then those are mostly 2682 2682 one-page jobs anyway. This also means that proprietary drivers for the target printer running on the client 2683 computers and CUPS/Samba, which then spool these files as “<span class="quote">raw</span>”(i.e., leaving them untouched,2683 computers and CUPS/Samba, which then spool these files as <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> (i.e., leaving them untouched, 2684 2684 not filtering them), will be counted as one-pagers too! 2685 2685 </p><p> … … 2688 2688 to a print-ready format for the target printer. This is currently working for about a thousand different 2689 2689 printer models. Linuxprinting.org has a driver <a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">list</a>. 2690 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647565"></a>Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p>2691 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47574"></a>2692 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47581"></a>2693 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47588"></a>2694 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47594"></a>2695 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47601"></a>2690 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653658"></a>Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p> 2691 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653666"></a> 2692 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653673"></a> 2693 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653680"></a> 2694 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653687"></a> 2695 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653693"></a> 2696 2696 Before CUPS 1.1.16, your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript driver on the Windows clients. The output 2697 2697 of this driver was not always passed through the <code class="literal">pstops</code> filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and … … 2704 2704 <code class="filename">cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz</code> package). It does <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> work for Windows 2705 2705 9x/Me clients, but it guarantees: 2706 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> <a class="indexterm" name="id2647662"></a> To not write a PJL-header.</p></li><li><p>To still read and support all PJL-options named in the2707 driver PPD with its own means.</p></li><li ><p>That the file will pass through the <code class="literal">pstops</code> filter2708 on the CUPS/Samba server.</p></li><li ><p>To page-count correctly the print file.</p></li></ul></div><p>2706 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p> <a class="indexterm" name="id2653754"></a> To not write a PJL-header.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>To still read and support all PJL-options named in the 2707 driver PPD with its own means.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>That the file will pass through the <code class="literal">pstops</code> filter 2708 on the CUPS/Samba server.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>To page-count correctly the print file.</p></li></ul></div><p> 2709 2709 You can read more about the setup of this combination in the man page for <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> (which 2710 2710 is only present with CUPS installed, and only current from CUPS 1.1.16). 2711 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647706"></a>The page_log File Syntax</h3></div></div></div><p>2712 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 47714"></a>2711 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="The page_log File Syntax"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653798"></a>The page_log File Syntax</h3></div></div></div><p> 2712 <a class="indexterm" name="id2653806"></a> 2713 2713 These are the items CUPS logs in the <code class="filename">page_log</code> for every page of a job: 2714 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Printer name</p></li><li><p>User name</p></li><li><p>Job ID</p></li><li><p>Time of printing</p></li><li><p>Page number</p></li><li><p>Number of copies</p></li><li><p>A billing information string (optional)</p></li><li><p>The host that sent the job (included since version 1.1.19)</p></li></ul></div><p>2714 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Printer name</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>User name</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Job ID</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Time of printing</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Page number</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Number of copies</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A billing information string (optional)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The host that sent the job (included since version 1.1.19)</p></li></ul></div><p> 2715 2715 Here is an extract of my CUPS server's <code class="filename">page_log</code> file to illustrate the 2716 2716 format and included items: … … 2728 2728 from IP address <code class="constant">10.160.51.33</code>, printed from one page 440 copies, and 2729 2729 is set to be billed to <em class="parameter"><code>finance-dep</code></em>. 2730 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647851"></a>Possible Shortcomings</h3></div></div></div><p>2730 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Possible Shortcomings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2653943"></a>Possible Shortcomings</h3></div></div></div><p> 2731 2731 What flaws or shortcomings are there with this quota system? 2732 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The ones named above (wrongly logged job in case of2733 printer hardware failure, and so on).</p></li><li ><p>In reality, CUPS counts the job pages that are being2732 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>The ones named above (wrongly logged job in case of 2733 printer hardware failure, and so on).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In reality, CUPS counts the job pages that are being 2734 2734 processed in <span class="emphasis"><em>software</em></span> (that is, going through the 2735 2735 RIP) rather than the physical sheets successfully leaving the 2736 2736 printing device. Thus, if there is a jam while printing the fifth sheet out 2737 2737 of 1,000 and the job is aborted by the printer, the page count will 2738 still show the figure of 1,000 for that job.</p></li><li ><p>All quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility2738 still show the figure of 1,000 for that job.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>All quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility 2739 2739 to give the boss a higher quota than the clerk) and no support for 2740 groups.</p></li><li ><p>No means to read out the current balance or the2741 “<span class="quote">used-up</span>” number of current quota.</p></li><li><p>A user having used up 99 sheets of a 100 quota will2742 still be able to send and print a 1,000 sheet job.</p></li><li ><p>A user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota2740 groups.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No means to read out the current balance or the 2741 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">used-up</span>”</span> number of current quota.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A user having used up 99 sheets of a 100 quota will 2742 still be able to send and print a 1,000 sheet job.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota 2743 2743 does not get a meaningful error message from CUPS other than 2744 “<span class="quote">client-error-not-possible</span>”.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647917"></a>Future Developments</h3></div></div></div><p>2744 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">client-error-not-possible</span>”</span>.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Future Developments"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2654009"></a>Future Developments</h3></div></div></div><p> 2745 2745 This is the best system currently available, and there are huge 2746 2746 improvements under development for CUPS 1.2: 2747 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Page counting will go into the backends (these talk2747 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Page counting will go into the backends (these talk 2748 2748 directly to the printer and will increase the count in sync with the 2749 2749 actual printing process; thus, a jam at the fifth sheet will lead to a 2750 stop in the counting).</p></li><li ><p>Quotas will be handled more flexibly.</p></li><li><p>Probably there will be support for users to inquire2751 about their accounts in advance.</p></li><li ><p>Probably there will be support for some other tools2752 around this topic.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2647957"></a>Other Accounting Tools</h3></div></div></div><p>2750 stop in the counting).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Quotas will be handled more flexibly.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Probably there will be support for users to inquire 2751 about their accounts in advance.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Probably there will be support for some other tools 2752 around this topic.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Other Accounting Tools"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2654049"></a>Other Accounting Tools</h3></div></div></div><p> 2753 2753 Other accounting tools that can be used includes: PrintAnalyzer, pyKota, printbill, LogReport. 2754 2754 For more information regarding these tools you can try a Google search. 2755 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2647971"></a>Additional Material</h2></div></div></div><p>2755 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Additional Material"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2654063"></a>Additional Material</h2></div></div></div><p> 2756 2756 A printer queue with <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span> PPD associated to it is a 2757 “<span class="quote">raw</span>”printer, and all files will go directly there as received by the2757 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">raw</span>”</span> printer, and all files will go directly there as received by the 2758 2758 spooler. The exceptions are file types <em class="parameter"><code>application/octet-stream</code></em> 2759 that need the pass-through feature enabled. “<span class="quote">Raw</span>”queues do not do any2759 that need the pass-through feature enabled. <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Raw</span>”</span> queues do not do any 2760 2760 filtering at all; they hand the file directly to the CUPS backend. 2761 2761 This backend is responsible for sending the data to the device 2762 (as in the “<span class="quote">device URI</span>”notation: <code class="filename">lpd://, socket://,2762 (as in the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">device URI</span>”</span> notation: <code class="filename">lpd://, socket://, 2763 2763 smb://, ipp://, http://, parallel:/, serial:/, usb:/</code>, and so on). 2764 2764 </p><p> … … 2797 2797 This would prevent all PostScript files from being filtered (rather, 2798 2798 they will through the virtual <span class="emphasis"><em>nullfilter</em></span> 2799 denoted with “<span class="quote">-</span>”). This could only be useful for PostScript printers. If you2799 denoted with <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">-</span>”</span>). This could only be useful for PostScript printers. If you 2800 2800 want to print PostScript code on non-PostScript printers (provided they support ASCII 2801 2801 text printing), an entry as follows could be useful: … … 2832 2832 to load the proper paper type before running the 10,000 page job 2833 2833 requested by marketing for the mailing, and so on). 2834 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2648188"></a>Autodeletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</h2></div></div></div><p>2835 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48196"></a>2836 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48203"></a>2837 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48210"></a>2834 </p></div><div class="sect1" title="Autodeletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2654280"></a>Autodeletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</h2></div></div></div><p> 2835 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654289"></a> 2836 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654296"></a> 2837 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654303"></a> 2838 2838 Samba print files pass through two spool directories. One is the incoming directory managed by Samba (set in 2839 2839 the <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path = /var/spool/samba</a> directive in the <em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em> section of <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>). The other is the spool directory of your UNIX print subsystem. For 2840 2840 CUPS it is normally <code class="filename">/var/spool/cups/</code>, as set by the <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> 2841 2841 directive <code class="filename">RequestRoot /var/spool/cups</code>. 2842 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648264"></a>CUPS Configuration Settings Explained</h3></div></div></div><p>2842 </p><div class="sect2" title="CUPS Configuration Settings Explained"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2654356"></a>CUPS Configuration Settings Explained</h3></div></div></div><p> 2843 2843 Some important parameter settings in the CUPS configuration file 2844 2844 <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> are: … … 2847 2847 c12345, c12346, and so on, files in the CUPS spool directory, which does a 2848 2848 similar job as the old-fashioned BSD-LPD control files). This is set 2849 to “<span class="quote">Yes</span>”as a default.2849 to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Yes</span>”</span> as a default. 2850 2850 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">PreserveJobFiles Yes</span></dt><dd><p> 2851 2851 This keeps the job files themselves in cupsd's mind 2852 2852 (it keeps the d12345, d12346, etc., files in the CUPS spool 2853 directory). This is set to “<span class="quote">No</span>”as the CUPS2853 directory). This is set to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">No</span>”</span> as the CUPS 2854 2854 default. 2855 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"> “<span class="quote">MaxJobs 500</span>”</span></dt><dd><p>2855 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">MaxJobs 500</span>”</span></span></dt><dd><p> 2856 2856 This directive controls the maximum number of jobs 2857 2857 that are kept in memory. Once the number of jobs reaches the limit, … … 2864 2864 (There are also additional settings for <em class="parameter"><code>MaxJobsPerUser</code></em> and 2865 2865 <em class="parameter"><code>MaxJobsPerPrinter</code></em>.) 2866 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648349"></a>Preconditions</h3></div></div></div><p>2866 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Preconditions"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2654441"></a>Preconditions</h3></div></div></div><p> 2867 2867 For everything to work as it should, you need to have three things: 2868 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A Samba smbd that is compiled against <code class="filename">libcups</code> (check2869 on Linux by running <strong class="userinput"><code>ldd `which smbd'</code></strong>).</p></li><li ><p>A Samba-<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> setting of2870 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = cups</a>.</p></li><li ><p>Another Samba <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> setting of2871 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = cups</a>.</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>2868 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>A Samba smbd that is compiled against <code class="filename">libcups</code> (check 2869 on Linux by running <strong class="userinput"><code>ldd `which smbd'</code></strong>).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A Samba-<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> setting of 2870 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = cups</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Another Samba <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> setting of 2871 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCAP" target="_top">printcap = cups</a>.</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> 2872 2872 In this case, all other manually set printing-related commands (like 2873 2873 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCOMMAND" target="_top">print command</a>, … … 2877 2877 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#LPRESUMECOMMAND" target="_top">lpresume command</a>) are ignored, and they should normally have no 2878 2878 influence whatsoever on your printing. 2879 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648488"></a>Manual Configuration</h3></div></div></div><p>2879 </p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Manual Configuration"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2654580"></a>Manual Configuration</h3></div></div></div><p> 2880 2880 If you want to do things manually, replace the <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = cups</a> 2881 2881 by <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTING" target="_top">printing = bsd</a>. Then your manually set commands may work 2882 2882 (I haven't tested this), and a <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTCOMMAND" target="_top">print command = lp -d %P %s; rm %s</a> 2883 2883 may do what you need. 2884 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2648535"></a>Printing from CUPS to Windows-Attached Printers</h2></div></div></div><p>2885 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48544"></a>2886 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48550"></a>2884 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Printing from CUPS to Windows-Attached Printers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2654628"></a>Printing from CUPS to Windows-Attached Printers</h2></div></div></div><p> 2885 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654636"></a> 2886 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654642"></a> 2887 2887 From time to time the question arises, how can you print <span class="emphasis"><em>to</em></span> a Windows-attached printer 2888 2888 <span class="emphasis"><em>from</em></span> Samba? Normally the local connection from Windows host to printer would be done by … … 2919 2919 <code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>ln -s `which smbspool` /usr/lib/cups/backend/smb</code></strong> 2920 2920 </pre><p> 2921 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48680"></a>2922 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48687"></a>2921 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654773"></a> 2922 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654779"></a> 2923 2923 <code class="literal">smbspool</code> was written by Mike Sweet from the CUPS folks. It is included and ships with 2924 2924 Samba. It may also be used with print subsystems other than CUPS, to spool jobs to Windows printer shares. To … … 2935 2935 -P /path/to/PPD</code></strong> 2936 2936 </pre><p> 2937 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48747"></a>2938 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48754"></a>2939 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 48761"></a>2937 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654840"></a> 2938 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654847"></a> 2939 <a class="indexterm" name="id2654853"></a> 2940 2940 The PPD must be able to direct CUPS to generate the print data for the target model. For PostScript printers, 2941 2941 just use the PPD that would be used with the Windows NT PostScript driver. But what can you do if the printer 2942 2942 is only accessible with a password? Or if the printer's host is part of another workgroup? This is provided 2943 2943 for: You can include the required parameters as part of the <code class="filename">smb://</code> device-URI like this: 2944 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><code class="filename">smb://WORKGROUP/WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li><li><p><code class="filename">smb://username:password@WORKGROUP/WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li><li><p><code class="filename">smb://username:password@WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li></ul></div><p>2944 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">smb://WORKGROUP/WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">smb://username:password@WORKGROUP/WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="filename">smb://username:password@WINDOWSNETBIOSNAME/printersharename</code></p></li></ul></div><p> 2945 2945 Note that the device URI will be visible in the process list of the Samba server (e.g., when someone uses the 2946 2946 <code class="literal">ps -aux</code> command on Linux), even if the username and passwords are sanitized before they get … … 2950 2950 feature of CUPS and you do not necessarily need to have smbd running. 2951 2951 2952 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2648832"></a>More CUPS Filtering Chains</h2></div></div></div><p>2952 </p></div><div class="sect1" title="More CUPS Filtering Chains"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2654924"></a>More CUPS Filtering Chains</h2></div></div></div><p> 2953 2953 The diagrams in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#cups1" title="Figure 22.17. Filtering Chain 1.">Filtering Chain 1</a> and <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#cups2" title="Figure 22.18. Filtering Chain with cupsomatic">Filtering Chain with 2954 2954 cupsomatic</a> show how CUPS handles print jobs. 2955 </p><div class="figure"><a name="cups1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.17. Filtering Chain 1.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/cups1.png" alt="Filtering Chain 1."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><div class="figure"><a name="cups2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.18. Filtering Chain with cupsomatic</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/cups2.png" width="243" alt="Filtering Chain with cupsomatic"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2648943"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2648949"></a>Windows 9x/Me Client Can't Install Driver</h3></div></div></div><p>For Windows 9x/Me, clients require the printer names to be eight2956 characters (or “<span class="quote">8 plus 3 chars suffix</span>”) max; otherwise, the driver files2957 will not get transferred when you want to download them from Samba.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="root-ask-loop"></a>“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop</h3></div></div></div><p>Have you set <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITY" target="_top">security = user</a>? Have2955 </p><div class="figure"><a name="cups1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.17. Filtering Chain 1.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/cups1.png" alt="Filtering Chain 1."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><div class="figure"><a name="cups2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.18. Filtering Chain with cupsomatic</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/cups2.png" width="243" alt="Filtering Chain with cupsomatic"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect1" title="Common Errors"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2655035"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Windows 9x/Me Client Can't Install Driver"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655041"></a>Windows 9x/Me Client Can't Install Driver</h3></div></div></div><p>For Windows 9x/Me, clients require the printer names to be eight 2956 characters (or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">8 plus 3 chars suffix</span>”</span>) max; otherwise, the driver files 2957 will not get transferred when you want to download them from Samba.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="“cupsaddsmb” Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="root-ask-loop"></a><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop</h3></div></div></div><p>Have you set <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITY" target="_top">security = user</a>? Have 2958 2958 you used <code class="literal">smbpasswd</code> to give root a Samba account? 2959 2959 You can do two things: open another terminal and execute … … 2962 2962 out of the loop by pressing Enter twice (without trying to type a 2963 2963 password).</p><p> 2964 If the error is “<span class="quote">Tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_BAD_NETWORK_NAME</span>”,2964 If the error is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_BAD_NETWORK_NAME</span>”</span>, 2965 2965 you may have forgotten to create the <code class="filename">/etc/samba/drivers</code> directory. 2966 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649025"></a>“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>” or “<span class="quote">rpcclient addriver</span>”Emit Error</h3></div></div></div><p>2966 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="“cupsaddsmb” or “rpcclient addriver” Emit Error"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655118"></a><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">rpcclient addriver</span>”</span> Emit Error</h3></div></div></div><p> 2967 2967 If <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code>, or <code class="literal">rpcclient addriver</code> emit the error message 2968 WERR_BAD_PASSWORD, refer to <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#root-ask-loop" title=" cupsaddsmbKeeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop">the previous common error</a>.2969 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649063"></a>“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”Errors</h3></div></div></div><p>2970 The use of “<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>” gives “<span class="quote">No PPD file for printer...</span>”2968 WERR_BAD_PASSWORD, refer to <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#root-ask-loop" title="“cupsaddsmb” Keeps Asking for Root Password in Never-ending Loop">the previous common error</a>. 2969 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="“cupsaddsmb” Errors"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655156"></a><span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> Errors</h3></div></div></div><p> 2970 The use of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> gives <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">No PPD file for printer...</span>”</span> 2971 2971 message while PPD file is present. What might the problem be? 2972 2972 </p><p> 2973 2973 Have you enabled printer sharing on CUPS? This means, do you have a <code class="literal"><Location 2974 2974 /printers>....</Location></code> section in CUPS server's <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> that 2975 does not deny access to the host you run “<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”from? It <span class="emphasis"><em>could</em></span> be an2975 does not deny access to the host you run <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> from? It <span class="emphasis"><em>could</em></span> be an 2976 2976 issue if you use cupsaddsmb remotely, or if you use it with a <code class="option">-h</code> parameter: 2977 2977 <strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -H sambaserver -h cupsserver -v printername</code></strong>. 2978 2978 </p><p>Is your <em class="parameter"><code>TempDir</code></em> directive in 2979 2979 <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> set to a valid value, and is it writable? 2980 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649137"></a>Client Can't Connect to Samba Printer</h3></div></div></div><p>Use <code class="literal">smbstatus</code> to check which user2980 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Client Can't Connect to Samba Printer"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655230"></a>Client Can't Connect to Samba Printer</h3></div></div></div><p>Use <code class="literal">smbstatus</code> to check which user 2981 2981 you are from Samba's point of view. Do you have the privileges to 2982 2982 write into the <em class="parameter"><code>[print$]</code></em> 2983 share?</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649162"></a>New Account Reconnection from Windows 200x/XP Troubles</h3></div></div></div><p>2983 share?</p></div><div class="sect2" title="New Account Reconnection from Windows 200x/XP Troubles"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655254"></a>New Account Reconnection from Windows 200x/XP Troubles</h3></div></div></div><p> 2984 2984 Once you are connected as the wrong user (for example, as <code class="constant">nobody</code>, which often occurs if 2985 2985 you have <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" target="_top">map to guest = bad user</a>), Windows Explorer will not accept an … … 2989 2989 you get the dreaded <code class="computeroutput">You can't connect with a second account from the same 2990 2990 machine</code> message as soon as you try. And you do not see a single byte arriving at Samba (see 2991 logs; use “<span class="quote">ethereal</span>”) indicating a renewed connection attempt. Shut all Explorer Windows. This2991 logs; use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">ethereal</span>”</span>) indicating a renewed connection attempt. Shut all Explorer Windows. This 2992 2992 makes Windows forget what it has cached in its memory as established connections. Then reconnect as the right 2993 2993 user. The best method is to use a DOS terminal window and <span class="emphasis"><em>first</em></span> do <strong class="userinput"><code>net use z: … … 2996 2996 the <span class="guilabel">Network Neighborhood</span>), right-click on the printer in question, and select 2997 2997 <span class="guibutton">Connect....</span>. 2998 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649253"></a>Avoid Being Connected to the Samba Server as the Wrong User</h3></div></div></div><p>2999 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 49262"></a>2998 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Avoid Being Connected to the Samba Server as the Wrong User"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655345"></a>Avoid Being Connected to the Samba Server as the Wrong User</h3></div></div></div><p> 2999 <a class="indexterm" name="id2655354"></a> 3000 3000 You see per <code class="literal">smbstatus</code> that you are connected as user nobody, but you want to be root or 3001 3001 printer admin. This is probably due to <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" target="_top">map to guest = bad user</a>, which 3002 3002 silently connected you under the guest account when you gave (maybe by accident) an incorrect username. Remove 3003 3003 <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" target="_top">map to guest</a> if you want to prevent this. 3004 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649304"></a>Upgrading to CUPS Drivers from Adobe Drivers</h3></div></div></div><p>3004 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Upgrading to CUPS Drivers from Adobe Drivers"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655397"></a>Upgrading to CUPS Drivers from Adobe Drivers</h3></div></div></div><p> 3005 3005 This information came from a mailing list posting regarding problems experienced when 3006 3006 upgrading from Adobe drivers to CUPS drivers on Microsoft Windows NT/200x/XP clients. 3007 3007 </p><p>First delete all old Adobe-using printers. Then delete all old Adobe drivers. (On Windows 200x/XP, right-click in 3008 3008 the background of <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder, select <span class="guimenuitem">Server Properties...</span>, select 3009 tab <span class="guilabel">Drivers</span>, and delete here).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649342"></a>Can't Use “<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>” on Samba Server, Which Is a PDC</h3></div></div></div><p>Do you use the “<span class="quote">naked</span>”root user name? Try to do it3009 tab <span class="guilabel">Drivers</span>, and delete here).</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Can't Use “cupsaddsmb” on Samba Server, Which Is a PDC"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655434"></a>Can't Use <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span> on Samba Server, Which Is a PDC</h3></div></div></div><p>Do you use the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">naked</span>”</span> root user name? Try to do it 3010 3010 this way: <strong class="userinput"><code>cupsaddsmb -U <em class="replaceable"><code>DOMAINNAME</code></em>\\root -v 3011 3011 <em class="replaceable"><code>printername</code></em></code></strong>> (note the two backslashes: the first one is 3012 required to “<span class="quote">escape</span>” the second one).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649378"></a>Deleted Windows 200x Printer Driver Is Still Shown</h3></div></div></div><p>Deleting a printer on the client will not delete the3012 required to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">escape</span>”</span> the second one).</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Deleted Windows 200x Printer Driver Is Still Shown"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655470"></a>Deleted Windows 200x Printer Driver Is Still Shown</h3></div></div></div><p>Deleting a printer on the client will not delete the 3013 3013 driver too (to verify, right-click on the white background of the 3014 3014 <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder, select <span class="guimenuitem">Server Properties</span> and click on the … … 3016 3016 install a printer with the same name. If you want to update to a new 3017 3017 driver, delete the old ones first. Deletion is only possible if no 3018 other printer uses the same driver.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649412"></a>Windows 200x/XP Local Security Policies</h3></div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2649418"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2649426"></a><p>Local security policies may not allow the installation of unsigned drivers“<span class="quote">local3019 security policies</span>” may not allow the installation of printer drivers at all.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649445"></a>Administrator Cannot Install Printers for All Local Users</h3></div></div></div><p>3020 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 49454"></a>3021 <a class="indexterm" name="id26 49461"></a>3022 Windows XP handles SMB printers on a “<span class="quote">per-user</span>”basis.3018 other printer uses the same driver.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Windows 200x/XP Local Security Policies"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655505"></a>Windows 200x/XP Local Security Policies</h3></div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2655511"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2655518"></a><p>Local security policies may not allow the installation of unsigned drivers <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">local 3019 security policies</span>”</span> may not allow the installation of printer drivers at all.</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Administrator Cannot Install Printers for All Local Users"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655538"></a>Administrator Cannot Install Printers for All Local Users</h3></div></div></div><p> 3020 <a class="indexterm" name="id2655546"></a> 3021 <a class="indexterm" name="id2655553"></a> 3022 Windows XP handles SMB printers on a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">per-user</span>”</span> basis. 3023 3023 This means every user needs to install the printer himself or herself. To have a printer available for 3024 3024 everybody, you might want to use the built-in IPP client capabilities of Win XP. Add a printer with the print 3025 3025 path of <em class="parameter"><code>http://cupsserver:631/printers/printername</code></em>. We're still looking into this one. 3026 3026 Maybe a logon script could automatically install printers for all users. 3027 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649486"></a>Print Change, Notify Functions on NT Clients</h3></div></div></div><p>For print change, notify functions on NT++ clients. These need to run the <code class="literal">Server</code>3028 service first (renamed to <code class="literal">File & Print Sharing for MS Networks</code> in XP).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649512"></a>Windows XP SP1</h3></div></div></div><p>Windows XP SP1 introduced a Point and Print Restriction Policy (this restriction does not apply to3029 “<span class="quote">Administrator</span>” or “<span class="quote">Power User</span>”groups of users). In Group Policy Object Editor, go3027 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Print Change, Notify Functions on NT Clients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655579"></a>Print Change, Notify Functions on NT Clients</h3></div></div></div><p>For print change, notify functions on NT++ clients. These need to run the <code class="literal">Server</code> 3028 service first (renamed to <code class="literal">File & Print Sharing for MS Networks</code> in XP).</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Windows XP SP1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655604"></a>Windows XP SP1</h3></div></div></div><p>Windows XP SP1 introduced a Point and Print Restriction Policy (this restriction does not apply to 3029 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Administrator</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Power User</span>”</span> groups of users). In Group Policy Object Editor, go 3030 3030 to <span class="guimenu">User Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> Control Panel -> Printers</span>. The policy 3031 3031 is automatically set to <code class="constant">Enabled</code> and the <code class="constant">Users can only Point and Print to … … 3033 3033 <code class="constant">Users can only Point and Print to these servers</code> to make driver downloads from Samba 3034 3034 possible. 3035 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649558"></a>Print Options for All Users Can't Be Set on Windows 200x/XP</h3></div></div></div><p>How are you doing it? I bet the wrong way (it is not easy to find out, though). There are three3035 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Print Options for All Users Can't Be Set on Windows 200x/XP"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655651"></a>Print Options for All Users Can't Be Set on Windows 200x/XP</h3></div></div></div><p>How are you doing it? I bet the wrong way (it is not easy to find out, though). There are three 3036 3036 different ways to bring you to a dialog that <span class="emphasis"><em>seems</em></span> to set everything. All three dialogs 3037 3037 <span class="emphasis"><em>look</em></span> the same, yet only one of them does what you intend. You need to be Administrator or 3038 3038 Print Administrator to do this for all users. Here is how I do it on XP: 3039 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="A"><li><p>The first wrong way:3039 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="A"><li class="listitem"><p>The first wrong way: 3040 3040 3041 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="I"><li><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span>3042 folder.</p></li><li ><p>Right-click on the printer3041 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> 3042 folder.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the printer 3043 3043 (<span class="guilabel">remoteprinter on cupshost</span>) and 3044 3044 select in context menu <span class="guimenuitem">Printing 3045 Preferences...</span></p></li><li ><p>Look at this dialog closely and remember what it looks like.</p></li></ol></div><p>3046 </p></li><li ><p>The second wrong way:3047 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="I"><li><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder.</p></li><li><p>Right-click on the printer (<span class="guilabel">remoteprinter on3045 Preferences...</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Look at this dialog closely and remember what it looks like.</p></li></ol></div><p> 3046 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The second wrong way: 3047 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the printer (<span class="guilabel">remoteprinter on 3048 3048 cupshost</span>) and select the context menu 3049 <span class="guimenuitem">Properties</span>.</p></li><li ><p>Click on the <span class="guilabel">General</span> tab.</p></li><li><p>Click on the button <span class="guibutton">Printing3050 Preferences...</span></p></li><li ><p>A new dialog opens. Keep this dialog open and go back3049 <span class="guimenuitem">Properties</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on the <span class="guilabel">General</span> tab.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on the button <span class="guibutton">Printing 3050 Preferences...</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A new dialog opens. Keep this dialog open and go back 3051 3051 to the parent dialog.</p></li></ol></div><p> 3052 </p></li><li ><p>The third and correct way:3053 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="I"><li><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder.</p></li><li><p>Right-click on the printer (<span class="guilabel">remoteprinter on3052 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The third and correct way: 3053 </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>Open the <span class="guilabel">Printers</span> folder.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Right-click on the printer (<span class="guilabel">remoteprinter on 3054 3054 cupshost</span>) and select the context menu 3055 <span class="guimenuitem">Properties</span>.</p></li><li ><p>Click on the <span class="guilabel">Advanced</span>3056 tab. (If everything is “<span class="quote">grayed out,</span>”then you are not logged3057 in as a user with enough privileges).</p></li><li ><p>Click on the <span class="guibutton">Printing3058 Defaults...</span> button.</p></li><li ><p>On any of the two new tabs, click on the3059 <span class="guibutton">Advanced...</span> button.</p></li><li ><p>A new dialog opens. Compare this one to the other3060 identical-looking one from step “<span class="quote">B.5</span>”or A.3".</p></li></ol></div><p>3055 <span class="guimenuitem">Properties</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on the <span class="guilabel">Advanced</span> 3056 tab. (If everything is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">grayed out,</span>”</span> then you are not logged 3057 in as a user with enough privileges).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on the <span class="guibutton">Printing 3058 Defaults...</span> button.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>On any of the two new tabs, click on the 3059 <span class="guibutton">Advanced...</span> button.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>A new dialog opens. Compare this one to the other 3060 identical-looking one from step <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">B.5</span>”</span> or A.3".</p></li></ol></div><p> 3061 3061 </p></li></ol></div><p> 3062 3062 Do you see any difference? I don't either. However, only the last one, which you arrived at with steps 3063 “<span class="quote">C.1. to C.6.</span>”, will save any settings permanently and be the defaults for new users. If you want3063 <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">C.1. to C.6.</span>”</span>, will save any settings permanently and be the defaults for new users. If you want 3064 3064 all clients to get the same defaults, you need to conduct these steps <span class="emphasis"><em>as Administrator</em></span> 3065 3065 (<a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top">printer admin</a> in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>) <span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span> a client downloads the 3066 3066 driver (the clients can later set their own <span class="emphasis"><em>per-user defaults</em></span> by following the procedures 3067 3067 <span class="emphasis"><em>A</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>B</em></span>). 3068 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649842"></a>Most Common Blunders in Driver Settings on Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p>3068 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Most Common Blunders in Driver Settings on Windows Clients"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655934"></a>Most Common Blunders in Driver Settings on Windows Clients</h3></div></div></div><p> 3069 3069 Don't use <em class="parameter"><code>Optimize for Speed</code></em>, but use <em class="parameter"><code>Optimize for Portability</code></em> 3070 3070 instead (Adobe PS Driver). Don't use <em class="parameter"><code>Page Independence: No</code></em>. Always settle with … … 3073 3073 Driver). For <span class="guilabel">TrueType Download Options</span> choose <code class="constant">Outline</code>. Use 3074 3074 PostScript Level 2 if you are having trouble with a non-PS printer and if there is a choice. 3075 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649897"></a><code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> Does Not Work with Newly Installed Printer</h3></div></div></div><p>3075 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="cupsaddsmb Does Not Work with Newly Installed Printer"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2655990"></a><code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> Does Not Work with Newly Installed Printer</h3></div></div></div><p> 3076 3076 Symptom: The last command of <code class="literal">cupsaddsmb</code> does not complete successfully. If the <code class="literal">cmd 3077 3077 = setdriver printername printername</code> result was NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL, then possibly the printer was … … 3079 3079 hostname -c `enumprinters'</code>? Restart smbd (or send a <code class="literal">kill -HUP</code> to all processes 3080 3080 listed by <code class="literal">smbstatus</code>, and try again. 3081 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2649947"></a>Permissions on <code class="filename">/var/spool/samba/</code> Get Reset After Each Reboot</h3></div></div></div><p>3081 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Permissions on /var/spool/samba/ Get Reset After Each Reboot"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2656039"></a>Permissions on <code class="filename">/var/spool/samba/</code> Get Reset After Each Reboot</h3></div></div></div><p> 3082 3082 Have you ever by accident set the CUPS spool directory to the same location (<em class="parameter"><code>RequestRoot 3083 3083 /var/spool/samba/</code></em> in <code class="filename">cupsd.conf</code> or the other way round: … … 3086 3086 /var/spool/samba</a> in the <em class="parameter"><code>[printers]</code></em> section of <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>. Otherwise, 3087 3087 cupsd will sanitize permissions to its spool directory with each restart and printing will not work reliably. 3088 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2650045"></a>Print Queue Called “<span class="quote">lp</span>”Mishandles Print Jobs</h3></div></div></div><p>3089 In this case a print queue called “<span class="quote">lp</span>”intermittently swallows jobs and3088 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Print Queue Called “lp” Mishandles Print Jobs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2656138"></a>Print Queue Called <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">lp</span>”</span> Mishandles Print Jobs</h3></div></div></div><p> 3089 In this case a print queue called <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">lp</span>”</span> intermittently swallows jobs and 3090 3090 spits out completely different ones from what was sent. 3091 3091 </p><p> 3092 <a class="indexterm" name="id265 0065"></a>3093 <a class="indexterm" name="id265 0072"></a>3094 <a class="indexterm" name="id265 0079"></a>3095 It is a bad idea to name any printer “<span class="quote">lp</span>”. This is the traditional UNIX name for the default3092 <a class="indexterm" name="id2656158"></a> 3093 <a class="indexterm" name="id2656164"></a> 3094 <a class="indexterm" name="id2656171"></a> 3095 It is a bad idea to name any printer <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">lp</span>”</span>. This is the traditional UNIX name for the default 3096 3096 printer. CUPS may be set up to do an automatic creation of Implicit Classes. This means, to group all printers 3097 3097 with the same name to a pool of devices and load-balance the jobs across them in a round-robin fashion. 3098 Chances are high that someone else has a printer named “<span class="quote">lp</span>”too. You may receive that person's3098 Chances are high that someone else has a printer named <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">lp</span>”</span> too. You may receive that person's 3099 3099 jobs and send your own to his or her device unwittingly. To have tight control over the printer names, set 3100 3100 <em class="parameter"><code>BrowseShortNames No</code></em>. It will present any printer as 3101 3101 <em class="replaceable"><code>printername@cupshost</code></em>, which gives you better control over what may happen in a 3102 3102 large networked environment. 3103 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2650114"></a>Location of Adobe PostScript Driver Files for “<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</h3></div></div></div><p>3103 </p></div><div class="sect2" title="Location of Adobe PostScript Driver Files for “cupsaddsmb”"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2656207"></a>Location of Adobe PostScript Driver Files for <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">cupsaddsmb</span>”</span></h3></div></div></div><p> 3104 3104 Use <code class="literal">smbclient</code> to connect to any Windows box with a shared PostScript printer: 3105 3105 <code class="literal">smbclient //windowsbox/print\$ -U guest</code>. You can navigate to the … … 3107 3107 <code class="filename">WIN40/0</code> to do the same. Another option is to download the <code class="filename">*.exe</code> 3108 3108 packaged files from the Adobe Web site. 3109 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2650168"></a>Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</h2></div></div></div><p>3109 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2656260"></a>Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</h2></div></div></div><p> 3110 3110 A complete overview of the CUPS printing processes can be found in <a class="link" href="CUPS-printing.html#a_small" title="Figure 22.19. CUPS Printing Overview.">the CUPS 3111 3111 Printing Overview diagram</a>. 3112 </p><div class="figure"><a name="a_small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.19. CUPS Printing Overview.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/a_small.png" width="243" alt="CUPS Printing Overview."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id26 39412" href="#id2639412" class="para">6</a>] </sup>See also <a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html</a></p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="classicalprinting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 23. Stackable VFS modules</td></tr></table></div></body></html>3112 </p><div class="figure"><a name="a_small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 22.19. CUPS Printing Overview.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/a_small.png" width="243" alt="CUPS Printing Overview."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id2645504" href="#id2645504" class="para">6</a>] </sup>See also <a class="ulink" href="http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html</a></p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="classicalprinting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 21. Classical Printing Support </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 23. Stackable VFS modules</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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