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r286 r311 1 <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="up" href="RefSection.html" title="Part III. Reference Section"><link rel="prev" href="ch14.html" title="Chapter 14. Samba Support"><link rel="next" href="primer.html" title="Chapter 16. Networking Primer"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch14.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Reference Section</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="primer.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="appendix"></a>Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#domjoin">Joining a Domain: Windows 200x/XP Professional</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id26219 28">Samba System File Location</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2622349">Starting Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2622695">DNS Configuration Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622707">The Forward Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622755">The Reverse Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622895">DNS Root Server Hint File</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#altldapcfg">Alternative LDAP Database Initialization</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622954">Initialization of the LDAP Database</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2623532">The LDAP Account Manager</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2624529">IDEALX Management Console</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#ch12-SUIDSGID">Effect of Setting File and Directory SUID/SGID Permissions Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#ch12dblck">Shared Data Integrity</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625009">Microsoft Access</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625156">Act! Database Sharing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625241">Opportunistic Locking Controls</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>2 <a class="indexterm" name="id26213 49"></a>3 <a class="indexterm" name="id26213 55"></a>1 <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="up" href="RefSection.html" title="Part III. Reference Section"><link rel="prev" href="ch14.html" title="Chapter 14. Samba Support"><link rel="next" href="primer.html" title="Chapter 16. Networking Primer"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch14.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Reference Section</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="primer.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="appendix"></a>Chapter 15. A Collection of Useful Tidbits</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#domjoin">Joining a Domain: Windows 200x/XP Professional</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2621955">Samba System File Location</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2622376">Starting Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2622715">DNS Configuration Files</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622727">The Forward Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622776">The Reverse Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622916">DNS Root Server Hint File</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#altldapcfg">Alternative LDAP Database Initialization</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2622975">Initialization of the LDAP Database</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2623561">The LDAP Account Manager</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#id2624558">IDEALX Management Console</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#ch12-SUIDSGID">Effect of Setting File and Directory SUID/SGID Permissions Explained</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix.html#ch12dblck">Shared Data Integrity</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625032">Microsoft Access</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625180">Act! Database Sharing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="appendix.html#id2625264">Opportunistic Locking Controls</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> 2 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621376"></a> 3 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621382"></a> 4 4 Information presented here is considered to be either basic or well-known material that is informative 5 5 yet helpful. Over the years, I have observed an interesting behavior. There is an expectation that … … 8 8 as shown in the example given below. 9 9 </p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="domjoin"></a>Joining a Domain: Windows 200x/XP Professional</h2></div></div></div><p> 10 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621 386"></a>10 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621412"></a> 11 11 Microsoft Windows NT/200x/XP Professional platforms can participate in Domain Security. 12 12 This section steps through the process for making a Windows 200x/XP Professional machine a 13 13 member of a Domain Security environment. It should be noted that this process is identical 14 14 when joining a domain that is controlled by Windows NT4/200x as well as a Samba PDC. 15 </p><div class="procedure"><a name="id26214 00"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 15.1. Steps to Join a Domain</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p>15 </p><div class="procedure"><a name="id2621426"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 15.1. Steps to Join a Domain</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> 16 16 Click <span class="guimenu">Start</span>. 17 17 </p></li><li><p> … … 51 51 Joining the domain is now complete. 52 52 </p></li></ol></div><p> 53 <a class="indexterm" name="id26218 18"></a>54 <a class="indexterm" name="id26218 25"></a>53 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621845"></a> 54 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621852"></a> 55 55 The screen capture shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#swxpp007" title="Figure 15.4. The Computer Name Changes Panel Domain MIDEARTH">“The Computer Name Changes Panel Domain MIDEARTH”</a> has a button labeled <span class="guimenu">More...</span>. This button opens a 56 56 panel in which you can set (or change) the Primary DNS suffix of the computer. This is a parameter that mainly affects members 57 57 of Microsoft Active Directory. Active Directory is heavily oriented around the DNS namespace. 58 58 </p><p> 59 <a class="indexterm" name="id26218 51"></a>60 <a class="indexterm" name="id26218 58"></a>59 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621878"></a> 60 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621885"></a> 61 61 Where NetBIOS technology uses WINS as well as UDP broadcast as key mechanisms for name resolution, Active Directory servers 62 62 register their services with the Microsoft Dynamic DNS server. Windows clients must be able to query the correct DNS server 63 63 to find the services (like which machines are domain controllers or which machines have the Netlogon service running). 64 64 </p><p> 65 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621 876"></a>65 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621903"></a> 66 66 The default setting of the Primary DNS suffix is the Active Directory domain name. When you change the Primary DNS suffix, 67 67 this does not affect domain membership, but it can break network browsing and the ability to resolve your computer name to … … 71 71 Where the client is a member of a Samba domain, it is preferable to leave this field blank. 72 72 </p><p> 73 <a class="indexterm" name="id26219 00"></a>73 <a class="indexterm" name="id2621927"></a> 74 74 According to Microsoft documentation, “<span class="quote">If this computer belongs to a group with <code class="constant">Group Policy</code> 75 75 enabled on <code class="literal">Primary DNS suffice of this computer</code>, the string specified in the Group Policy is used 76 76 as the primary DNS suffix and you might need to restart your computer to view the correct setting. The local setting is 77 77 used only if Group Policy is disabled or unspecified.</span>” 78 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id26219 28"></a>Samba System File Location</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2621935"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2621943"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2621951"></a>78 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2621955"></a>Samba System File Location</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2621962"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2621970"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2621978"></a> 79 79 One of the frustrations expressed by subscribers to the Samba mailing lists revolves around the choice of where the default Samba Team 80 80 build and installation process locates its Samba files. The location, chosen in the early 1990s, for the default installation is … … 84 84 Several UNIX vendors, and Linux vendors in particular, elected to locate the Samba files in a location other than the Samba Team 85 85 default. 86 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id262 1987"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2621999"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622006"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622018"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622026"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622037"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622045"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622053"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622061"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622069"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622076"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622084"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622092"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622100"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622108"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622116"></a>86 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622014"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622025"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622033"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622045"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622052"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622064"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622072"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622080"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622088"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622095"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622103"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622111"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622119"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622127"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622135"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622143"></a> 87 87 Linux vendors, working in conjunction with the Free Standards Group (FSG), Linux Standards Base (LSB), and File Hierarchy 88 88 System (FHS), have elected to locate the configuration files under the <code class="filename">/etc/samba</code> directory, common binary … … 93 93 <code class="filename">/usr/lib/samba</code> directory tree. The files located there include the dynamically loadable modules for the 94 94 passdb backend as well as for the VFS modules. 95 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622 185"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622193"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622201"></a>95 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622212"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622220"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622228"></a> 96 96 Samba creates runtime control files and generates log files. The runtime control files (tdb and dat files) are stored in 97 97 the <code class="filename">/var/lib/samba</code> directory. Log files are created in <code class="filename">/var/log/samba.</code> … … 99 99 When Samba is built and installed using the default Samba Team process, all files are located under the 100 100 <code class="filename">/usr/local/samba</code> directory tree. This makes it simple to find the files that Samba owns. 101 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26222 40"></a>101 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622267"></a> 102 102 One way to find the Samba files that are installed on your UNIX/Linux system is to search for the location 103 103 of all files called <code class="literal">smbd</code>. Here is an example: … … 132 132 Many people have been caught by installation of Samba using the default Samba Team process when it was already installed 133 133 by the platform vendor's method. If your platform uses RPM format packages, you can check to see if Samba is installed by 134 executing:<a class="indexterm" name="id26223 13"></a>134 executing:<a class="indexterm" name="id2622340"></a> 135 135 </p><pre class="screen"> 136 136 <code class="prompt">root# </code> rpm -qa | grep samba … … 144 144 samba3-client-3.0.20-1 145 145 samba3-cifsmount-3.0.20-1 146 </pre><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26223 36"></a>146 </pre><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622362"></a> 147 147 The package names, of course, vary according to how the vendor, or the binary package builder, prepared them. 148 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id26223 49"></a>Starting Samba</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622356"></a>148 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2622376"></a>Starting Samba</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622382"></a> 149 149 Samba essentially consists of two or three daemons. A daemon is a UNIX application that runs in the background and provides services. 150 150 An example of a service is the Apache Web server for which the daemon is called <code class="literal">httpd</code>. In the case of Samba, there … … 187 187 exit 0 188 188 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">nmbd</span></dt><dd><p> 189 <a class="indexterm" name="id26224 18"></a>190 <a class="indexterm" name="id26224 25"></a>189 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622445"></a> 190 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622452"></a> 191 191 This daemon handles all name registration and resolution requests. It is the primary vehicle involved 192 192 in network browsing. It handles all UDP-based protocols. The <code class="literal">nmbd</code> daemon should 193 193 be the first command started as part of the Samba startup process. 194 194 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">smbd</span></dt><dd><p> 195 <a class="indexterm" name="id26224 55"></a>196 <a class="indexterm" name="id26224 62"></a>195 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622482"></a> 196 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622488"></a> 197 197 This daemon handles all TCP/IP-based connection services for file- and print-based operations. It also 198 198 manages local authentication. It should be started immediately following the startup of <code class="literal">nmbd</code>. 199 199 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">winbindd</span></dt><dd><p> 200 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622 490"></a>201 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622 497"></a>200 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622517"></a> 201 <a class="indexterm" name="id2622524"></a> 202 202 This daemon should be started when Samba is a member of a Windows NT4 or ADS domain. It is also needed when 203 203 Samba has trust relationships with another domain. The <code class="literal">winbindd</code> daemon will check the … … 253 253 exit 1 254 254 esac 255 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26226 16"></a>255 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622637"></a> 256 256 SUSE Linux implements individual control over each Samba daemon. A Samba control script that can be conveniently 257 257 executed from the command line is shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#ch12SL" title="Example 15.1. A Useful Samba Control Script for SUSE Linux">“A Useful Samba Control Script for SUSE Linux”</a>. This can be located in the directory 258 258 <code class="filename">/sbin</code> in a file called <code class="filename">samba</code>. This type of control script should be 259 259 owned by user root and group root, and set so that only root can execute it. 260 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26226 52"></a>260 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622672"></a> 261 261 A sample startup script for a Red Hat Linux system is shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#ch12RHscript" title="Example 15.2. A Sample Samba Control Script for Red Hat Linux">“A Sample Samba Control Script for Red Hat Linux”</a>. 262 262 This file could be located in the directory <code class="filename">/etc/rc.d</code> and can be called … … 265 265 the Samba source code distribution tarball. The packaging files for each platform include a 266 266 startup control file. 267 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2622 695"></a>DNS Configuration Files</h2></div></div></div><p>267 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2622715"></a>DNS Configuration Files</h2></div></div></div><p> 268 268 The following files are common to all DNS server configurations. Rather than repeat them multiple times, they 269 269 are presented here for general reference. 270 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26227 07"></a>The Forward Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</h3></div></div></div><p>270 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2622727"></a>The Forward Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</h3></div></div></div><p> 271 271 The forward zone file for the loopback address never changes. An example file is shown 272 272 in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#loopback" title="Example 15.3. DNS Localhost Forward Zone File: /var/lib/named/localhost.zone">“DNS Localhost Forward Zone File: /var/lib/named/localhost.zone”</a>. All traffic destined for an IP address that is hosted on a … … 285 285 IN NS @ 286 286 IN A 127.0.0.1 287 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26227 55"></a>The Reverse Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</h3></div></div></div><p>287 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2622776"></a>The Reverse Zone File for the Loopback Adaptor</h3></div></div></div><p> 288 288 The reverse zone file for the loopback address as shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#dnsloopy" title="Example 15.4. DNS Localhost Reverse Zone File: /var/lib/named/127.0.0.zone">“DNS Localhost Reverse Zone File: /var/lib/named/127.0.0.zone”</a> 289 289 is necessary so that references to the address <code class="constant">127.0.0.1</code> can be … … 345 345 M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 202.12.27.33 346 346 ; End of File 347 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2622 895"></a>DNS Root Server Hint File</h3></div></div></div><p>347 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2622916"></a>DNS Root Server Hint File</h3></div></div></div><p> 348 348 The content of the root hints file as shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#roothint" title="Example 15.5. DNS Root Name Server Hint File: /var/lib/named/root.hint">“DNS Root Name Server Hint File: /var/lib/named/root.hint”</a> changes slowly over time. 349 349 Periodically this file should be updated from the source shown. Because 350 350 of its size, this file is located at the end of this chapter. 351 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="altldapcfg"></a>Alternative LDAP Database Initialization</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26229 26"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622937"></a>351 </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="altldapcfg"></a>Alternative LDAP Database Initialization</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622947"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622958"></a> 352 352 The following procedure may be used as an alternative means of configuring 353 353 the initial LDAP database. Many administrators prefer to have greater control 354 354 over how system files get configured. 355 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26229 54"></a>Initialization of the LDAP Database</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622961"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622969"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622981"></a>355 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2622975"></a>Initialization of the LDAP Database</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2622982"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2622990"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2623001"></a> 356 356 The first step to get the LDAP server ready for action is to create the LDIF file from 357 357 which the LDAP database will be preloaded. This is necessary to create the containers … … 706 706 displayName: Domain Users 707 707 description: Domain Users 708 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id26235 32"></a>The LDAP Account Manager</h2></div></div></div><p>709 <a class="indexterm" name="id26235 40"></a>710 <a class="indexterm" name="id26235 47"></a>711 <a class="indexterm" name="id26235 56"></a>712 <a class="indexterm" name="id26235 63"></a>713 <a class="indexterm" name="id26235 70"></a>714 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623 576"></a>715 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623 583"></a>708 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2623561"></a>The LDAP Account Manager</h2></div></div></div><p> 709 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623569"></a> 710 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623575"></a> 711 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623585"></a> 712 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623591"></a> 713 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623598"></a> 714 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623605"></a> 715 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623612"></a> 716 716 The LDAP Account Manager (LAM) is an application suite that has been written in PHP. 717 717 LAM can be used with any Web server that has PHP4 support. It connects to the LDAP … … 725 725 of 2005. 726 726 </p><p> 727 <a class="indexterm" name="id26236 15"></a>728 <a class="indexterm" name="id26236 21"></a>729 <a class="indexterm" name="id26236 28"></a>727 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623643"></a> 728 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623650"></a> 729 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623657"></a> 730 730 Requirements: 731 731 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A web server that will work with PHP4.</p></li><li><p>PHP4 (available from the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.php.net/" target="_top">PHP</a> home page.)</p></li><li><p>OpenLDAP 2.0 or later.</p></li><li><p>A Web browser that supports CSS.</p></li><li><p>Perl.</p></li><li><p>The gettext package.</p></li><li><p>mcrypt + mhash (optional).</p></li><li><p>It is also a good idea to install SSL support.</p></li></ul></div><p> 732 732 LAM is a useful tool that provides a simple Web-based device that can be used to 733 733 manage the contents of the LDAP directory to: 734 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623 689"></a>735 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623 696"></a>736 <a class="indexterm" name="id26237 03"></a>734 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623717"></a> 735 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623724"></a> 736 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623731"></a> 737 737 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Display user/group/host and Domain entries.</p></li><li><p>Manage entries (Add/Delete/Edit).</p></li><li><p>Filter and sort entries.</p></li><li><p>Store and use multiple operating profiles.</p></li><li><p>Edit organizational units (OUs).</p></li><li><p>Upload accounts from a file.</p></li><li><p>Is compatible with Samba-2.2.x and Samba-3.</p></li></ul></div><p> 738 738 When correctly configured, LAM allows convenient management of UNIX (Posix) and Samba 739 739 user, group, and windows domain member machine accounts. 740 740 </p><p> 741 <a class="indexterm" name="id26237 57"></a>742 <a class="indexterm" name="id26237 64"></a>743 <a class="indexterm" name="id26237 71"></a>744 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623 777"></a>741 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623785"></a> 742 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623792"></a> 743 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623799"></a> 744 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623806"></a> 745 745 The default password is “<span class="quote">lam.</span>” It is highly recommended that you use only 746 746 an SSL connection to your Web server for all remote operations involving LAM. If you … … 761 761 <code class="filename">/srv/www/htdocs</code> directory. 762 762 </p></li><li><p> 763 <a class="indexterm" name="id26238 57"></a>763 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623886"></a> 764 764 Set file permissions using the following commands: 765 765 </p><pre class="screen"> … … 771 771 </pre><p> 772 772 </p></li><li><p> 773 <a class="indexterm" name="id26239 10"></a>773 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623938"></a> 774 774 Using your favorite editor create the following <code class="filename">config.cfg</code> 775 775 LAM configuration file: … … 779 779 <code class="prompt">root# </code> vi config.cfg 780 780 </pre><p> 781 <a class="indexterm" name="id26239 51"></a>782 <a class="indexterm" name="id26239 60"></a>781 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623979"></a> 782 <a class="indexterm" name="id2623988"></a> 783 783 An example file is shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lamcfg" title="Example 15.11. Example LAM Configuration File config.cfg">“Example LAM Configuration File config.cfg”</a>. 784 784 This is the minimum configuration that must be completed. The LAM profile … … 795 795 change the settings to match local site needs. 796 796 </p></li></ol></div><p> 797 <a class="indexterm" name="id26240 19"></a>797 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624048"></a> 798 798 An example of a working file is shown here in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lamconf" title="Example 15.12. LAM Profile Control File lam.conf">“LAM Profile Control File lam.conf”</a>. 799 799 This file has been stripped of comments to keep the size small. The comments … … 803 803 are preferred at your site. 804 804 </p><p> 805 <a class="indexterm" name="id26240 43"></a>805 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624071"></a> 806 806 It is important that your LDAP server is running at the time that LAM is 807 807 being configured. This permits you to validate correct operation. 808 808 An example of the LAM login screen is provided in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lam-login" title="Figure 15.6. The LDAP Account Manager Login Screen">“The LDAP Account Manager Login Screen”</a>. 809 809 </p><div class="figure"><a name="lam-login"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 15.6. The LDAP Account Manager Login Screen</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/lam-login.png" width="270" alt="The LDAP Account Manager Login Screen"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 810 <a class="indexterm" name="id26241 05"></a>810 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624134"></a> 811 811 The LAM configuration editor has a number of options that must be managed correctly. 812 812 An example of use of the LAM configuration editor is shown in <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lam-config" title="Figure 15.7. The LDAP Account Manager Configuration Screen">“The LDAP Account Manager Configuration Screen”</a>. … … 818 818 using LAM to add additional users and groups. 819 819 </p><div class="figure"><a name="lam-config"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 15.7. The LDAP Account Manager Configuration Screen</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/lam-config.png" width="270" alt="The LDAP Account Manager Configuration Screen"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 820 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624 177"></a>820 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624205"></a> 821 821 LAM has some nice, but unusual features. For example, one unexpected feature in most application 822 822 screens permits the generation of a PDF file that lists configuration information. This is a well … … 824 824 space. 825 825 </p><p> 826 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624 192"></a>826 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624220"></a> 827 827 When you log onto LAM the opening screen drops you right into the user manager as shown in 828 828 <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lam-user" title="Figure 15.8. The LDAP Account Manager User Edit Screen">“The LDAP Account Manager User Edit Screen”</a>. This is a logical action as it permits the most-needed facility … … 838 838 memberships. 839 839 </p><div class="figure"><a name="lam-group"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 15.9. The LDAP Account Manager Group Edit Screen</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/lam-groups.png" width="270" alt="The LDAP Account Manager Group Edit Screen"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><div class="figure"><a name="lam-group-mem"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 15.10. The LDAP Account Manager Group Membership Edit Screen</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/lam-group-members.png" width="270" alt="The LDAP Account Manager Group Membership Edit Screen"></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p> 840 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624 372"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624377"></a>840 <a class="indexterm" name="id2624400"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624406"></a> 841 841 The final screen presented here is one that you should not normally need to use. Host accounts will 842 842 be automatically managed using the smbldap-tools scripts. This means that the screen <a class="link" href="appendix.html#lam-host" title="Figure 15.11. The LDAP Account Manager Host Edit Screen">“The LDAP Account Manager Host Edit Screen”</a> … … 884 884 cachetimeout: 5 885 885 pwdhash: SSHA 886 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id26245 29"></a>IDEALX Management Console</h2></div></div></div><p>886 </pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2624558"></a>IDEALX Management Console</h2></div></div></div><p> 887 887 IMC (the IDEALX Mamagement Console) is a tool that can be used as the basis for a comprehensive 888 888 web-based management interface for UNIX and Linux systems. … … 898 898 For further information regarding IMC refer to the web <a class="ulink" href="http://imc.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">site.</a> 899 899 Prebuilt RPM packages are also <a class="ulink" href="http://imc.sourceforge.net/download.html" target="_top">available.</a> 900 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ch12-SUIDSGID"></a>Effect of Setting File and Directory SUID/SGID Permissions Explained</h2></div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id26246 35"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624642"></a><p>900 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ch12-SUIDSGID"></a>Effect of Setting File and Directory SUID/SGID Permissions Explained</h2></div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2624663"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624670"></a><p> 901 901 The setting of the SUID/SGID bits on the file or directory permissions flag has particular 902 902 consequences. If the file is executable and the SUID bit is set, it executes with the privilege … … 968 968 drw-rw-r-- 2 bobj Domain Users 12346 Dec 18 18:11 maryvfile.txt 969 969 </pre><p> 970 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ch12dblck"></a>Shared Data Integrity</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2624 873"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624880"></a>970 </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ch12dblck"></a>Shared Data Integrity</h2></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2624901"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624909"></a> 971 971 The integrity of shared data is often viewed as a particularly emotional issue, especially where 972 972 there are concurrent problems with multiuser data access. Contrary to the assertions of some who have … … 974 974 </p><p> 975 975 The solution to concurrent multiuser data access problems must consider three separate areas 976 from which the problem may stem:<a class="indexterm" name="id26249 09"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624920"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624932"></a>977 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>application-level locking controls</p></li><li><p>client-side locking controls</p></li><li><p>server-side locking controls</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26249 64"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624972"></a>976 from which the problem may stem:<a class="indexterm" name="id2624932"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624943"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624955"></a> 977 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>application-level locking controls</p></li><li><p>client-side locking controls</p></li><li><p>server-side locking controls</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2624987"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624995"></a> 978 978 Many database applications use some form of application-level access control. An example of one 979 979 well-known application that uses application-level locking is Microsoft Access. Detailed guidance 980 980 is provided here because this is the most common application for which problems have been reported. 981 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id262 4988"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2624996"></a>981 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625012"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625020"></a> 982 982 Common applications that are affected by client- and server-side locking controls include MS 983 983 Excel and Act!. Important locking guidance is provided here. 984 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26250 09"></a>Microsoft Access</h3></div></div></div><p>984 </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2625032"></a>Microsoft Access</h3></div></div></div><p> 985 985 The best advice that can be given is to carefully read the Microsoft knowledgebase articles that 986 986 cover this area. Examples of relevant documents include: 987 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;208778</p></li><li><p>http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;299373</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26250 36"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625048"></a>987 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;208778</p></li><li><p>http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;299373</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625059"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625071"></a> 988 988 Make sure that your MS Access database file is configured for multiuser access (not set for 989 989 exclusive open). Open MS Access on each client workstation, then set the following: <span class="guimenu">(Menu bar) Tools</span>+<span class="guimenu">Options</span>+<span class="guimenu">[tab] General</span>. Set network path to Default database folder: <code class="filename">\\server\share\folder</code>. 990 990 </p><p> 991 991 You can configure MS Access file sharing behavior as follows: click <span class="guimenu">[tab] Advanced</span>. 992 Set:<a class="indexterm" name="id2625 098"></a>993 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Default open mode: Shared</p></li><li><p>Default Record Locking: Edited Record</p></li><li><p>Open databases using record_level locking</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26251 28"></a>992 Set:<a class="indexterm" name="id2625122"></a> 993 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Default open mode: Shared</p></li><li><p>Default Record Locking: Edited Record</p></li><li><p>Open databases using record_level locking</p></li></ul></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625151"></a> 994 994 You must now commit the changes so that they will take effect. To do so, click 995 995 <span class="guimenu">Apply</span><span class="guimenu">Ok</span>. At this point, you should exit MS Access, restart 996 996 it, and then validate that these settings have not changed. 997 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26251 56"></a>Act! Database Sharing</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625163"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625171"></a>997 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2625180"></a>Act! Database Sharing</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625186"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625194"></a> 998 998 Where the server sharing the ACT! database(s) is running Samba,or Windows NT, 200x, or XP, you 999 999 must disable opportunistic locking on the server and all workstations. Failure to do so … … 1003 1003 as well as from article 1004 1004 <a class="ulink" href="http://itdomino.saleslogix.com/act.nsf/docid/200110485036" target="_top">200110485036</a>. 1005 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26252 01"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625210"></a>1005 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625225"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625233"></a> 1006 1006 These documents clearly state that opportunistic locking must be disabled on both 1007 1007 the server (Samba in the case we are interested in here), as well as on every workstation … … 1011 1011 Registered Act! users may download this utility from the Act! Web 1012 1012 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.act.com/support/updates/index.cfm" target="_top">site.</a> 1013 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id26252 41"></a>Opportunistic Locking Controls</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625248"></a>1013 </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2625264"></a>Opportunistic Locking Controls</h3></div></div></div><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625271"></a> 1014 1014 Third-party Windows applications may not be compatible with the use of opportunistic file 1015 and record locking. For applications that are known not to be compatible,<sup>[<a name="id26252 60" href="#ftn.id2625260" class="footnote">14</a>]</sup> oplock1015 and record locking. For applications that are known not to be compatible,<sup>[<a name="id2625283" href="#ftn.id2625283" class="footnote">14</a>]</sup> oplock 1016 1016 support may need to be disabled both on the Samba server and on the Windows workstations. 1017 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26252 74"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625282"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625290"></a>1017 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625297"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625305"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2625313"></a> 1018 1018 Oplocks enable a Windows client to cache parts of a file that are being 1019 1019 edited. Another windows client may then request to open the file with the … … 1022 1022 doing so, that workstation must flush the file from cache memory to the 1023 1023 disk or network drive. 1024 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id26253 11"></a>1024 </p><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2625334"></a> 1025 1025 Disabling of Oplocks usage may require server and client changes. 1026 1026 Oplocks may be disabled by file, by file pattern, on the share, or on the
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