research-article

Minimizing server throughput for low-delay live streaming in content delivery networks

Authors:

Eliya Buyukkaya,

Raouf Hamzaoui,

Gwendal SimonAuthors Info & Claims

NOSSDAV '12: Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video

Pages 65 - 70

https://doi.org/10.1145/2229087.2229106

Published: 07 June 2012 Publication History

Abstract

Large-scale live streaming systems can experience bottlenecks within the infrastructure of the underlying Content Delivery Network. In particular, the "equipment bottleneck" occurs when the fan-out of a machine does not enable the concurrent transmission of a stream to multiple other equipments. In this paper, we aim to deliver a live stream to a set of destination nodes with minimum throughput at the source and limited increase of the streaming delay. We leverage on rateless codes and cooperation among destination nodes. With rateless codes, a node is able to decode a video block of k information symbols after receiving slightly more than k encoded symbols. To deliver the encoded symbols, we use multiple trees where inner nodes forward all received symbols. Our goal is to build a diffusion forest that minimizes the transmission rate at the source while guaranteeing on-time delivery and reliability at the nodes. When the network is assumed to be lossless and the constraint on delivery delay is relaxed, we give an algorithm that computes a diffusion forest resulting in the minimum source transmission rate. We also propose an effective heuristic algorithm for the general case where packet loss occurs and the delivery delay is bounded. Simulation results for realistic settings show that with our solution the source requires only slightly more than the video bit rate to reliably feed all nodes.

References

[1]

M. Adler, R. K. Sitaraman, and H. Venkataramani. Algorithms for optimizing the bandwidth cost of content delivery. Computer Networks, 55(18):4007--4020, 2011.

Digital Library

[2]

J. M. Almeida, D. L. Eager, M. K. Vernon, and S. J. Wright. Minimizing delivery cost in scalable streaming content distribution systems. IEEE Trans. Multimedia, 6(2):356--365, 2004.

Digital Library

[3]

K. Andreev, B. Maggs, A. Meyerson, J. Saks, and R. Sitaraman. Algorithms for constructing overlay networks for live streaming. CoRR 1109.4114, 2011.

[4]

K. Andreev, B. M. Maggs, A. Meyerson, and R. K. Sitaraman. Designing overlay multicast networks for streaming. In Proc. ACM SPAA, pages 149--158, 2003.

Digital Library

[5]

R. Gibbs. A new approach to publishing and caching video. Technical report, Alcatel-Lucent, Jan. 2012.

[6]

M. Grangetto, R. Gaeta, and M. Sereno. Rateless codes network coding for simple and efficient P2P video streaming. In Proc. of ICME, pages 1500--1503, Jul. 2009.

Digital Library

[7]

S. Higginbotham. Smart TVs cause a net neutrality debate in S. Korea. Giga OM, Feb. 2012.

[8]

C. Liu, I. Bouazizi, M. M. Hannuksela, and M. Gabbouj. Rate adaptation for dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP in content distribution network. Signal Processing: Image Communication, 27(4):288--311, 2012.

Digital Library

[9]

M. Luby. LT Codes. In Proc. of FOCS, pages 271--280, 2002.

Digital Library

[10]

M. Luby, T. Gasiba, T. Stockhammer, and M. Watson. Reliable multimedia download delivery in cellular broadcast networks. IEEE Trans. Broadcast., 53(1):235--246, 2007.

[11]

J. Ni and D. H. K. Tsang. Large-scale cooperative caching and application-level multicast in multimedia content delivery networks. IEEE Commun. Mag., 43(5):98--105, May 2005.

Digital Library

[12]

A. Shokrollahi. Raptor codes. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 52(6):2551--2567, 2006.

Digital Library

[13]

T. Siglin. Super Bowl Streaming Fail. Streaming Media, Feb. 2012.

[14]

N. Thomos and P. Frossard. Network coding of rateless video in streaming overlays. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., 20(12):1834--1847, 2010.

Digital Library

[15]

C. Wu and B. Li. rstream: Resilient and optimal peer-to-peer streaming with rateless codes. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., 19(1):77--92, 2008.

Digital Library

Cited By

Chang ZChan S(2023)Bi-Criteria Approximation for a Multi-Origin Multi-Channel Auto-Scaling Live Streaming CloudIEEE Transactions on Multimedia10.1109/TMM.2022.315209325(2839-2850)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TMM.2022.3152093
Yadav PBentaleb ALim MHuang JOoi WZimmermann RAlay ÖHsu CBegen A(2021)Playing chunk-transferred DASH segments at low latency with QLiveProceedings of the 12th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference10.1145/3458305.3463376(51-64)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3458305.3463376
Sani YMauthe AEdwards C(2017)Adaptive Bitrate Selection: A SurveyIEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials10.1109/COMST.2017.272524119:4(2985-3014)Online publication date: Dec-2018
https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2017.2725241
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Minimizing server throughput for low-delay live streaming in content delivery networks

Recommendations

Optimizing CDN Infrastructure for Live Streaming with Constrained Server Chaining
ISPA '11: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Ninth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) are increasingly being used to deliver live streaming on today's Internet. The new application type of live streaming exposes unique characteristics and challenges that require more advanced design of CDN infrastructure. ...
Level-Based Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming with Rateless Codes
ISM '12: Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia

We propose a peer-to-peer system for streaming user-generated live video. Peers are arranged in levels so that video is delivered at about the same time to all peers in the same level, and peers in a higher level watch the video before those in a lower ...
A cooperative content delivery scheme for multimedia services in contents delivery networks
ICUIMC '08: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Ubiquitous information management and communication

Contents Delivery Networks (CDNs) have been introduced to deliver efficiently very large content to user with low cost. For this, various content delivery schemes such as the uncooperative pull-based scheme, the cooperative push-based scheme, and the ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

NOSSDAV '12: Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video

June 2012

116 pages

ISBN:9781450314305

DOI:10.1145/2229087

Program Chairs:
Baochun Li
University of Toronto, Canada
,
Shervin Shirmohammadi
University of Ottawa, Canada

Copyright © 2012 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGMM: ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia

In-Cooperation

SIGCOMM: ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 07 June 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

NOSSDAV '12

Sponsor:

SIGMM

NOSSDAV '12: Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video Workshop

June 7 - 8, 2012

Ontario, Toronto, Canada

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 118 of 363 submissions, 33%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

15
Total Citations
View Citations
176
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 15 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Chang ZChan S(2023)Bi-Criteria Approximation for a Multi-Origin Multi-Channel Auto-Scaling Live Streaming CloudIEEE Transactions on Multimedia10.1109/TMM.2022.315209325(2839-2850)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TMM.2022.3152093
Yadav PBentaleb ALim MHuang JOoi WZimmermann RAlay ÖHsu CBegen A(2021)Playing chunk-transferred DASH segments at low latency with QLiveProceedings of the 12th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference10.1145/3458305.3463376(51-64)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3458305.3463376
Sani YMauthe AEdwards C(2017)Adaptive Bitrate Selection: A SurveyIEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials10.1109/COMST.2017.272524119:4(2985-3014)Online publication date: Dec-2018
https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2017.2725241
Heo KKim JYoon C(2016)Tree construction algorithm for virtual content distribution networkMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-014-2277-775:1(131-144)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11042-014-2277-7
Liu JSimon GYang Q(2016)Optimal tree packing for discretized live rate-adaptive streaming in CDNMultimedia Systems10.1007/s00530-015-0471-822:5(559-573)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s00530-015-0471-8
Zhang CLiu JFeng WZink M(2015)On crowdsourced interactive live streamingProceedings of the 25th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video10.1145/2736084.2736091(55-60)Online publication date: 18-Mar-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2736084.2736091
Zhou FLiu JSimon GBoutaba R(2015)Joint Optimization for the Delivery of Multiple Video Channels in Telco-CDNsIEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management10.1109/TNSM.2015.240091512:1(87-100)Online publication date: Mar-2015
https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2015.2400915
Yang LGong LZhou FCousin BMolnar MZhu Z(2015)Leveraging Light Forest With Rateless Network Coding to Design Efficient All-Optical Multicast Schemes for Elastic Optical NetworksJournal of Lightwave Technology10.1109/JLT.2015.245709233:18(3945-3955)Online publication date: 15-Sep-2015
https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2015.2457092
Liu JRosenberg CSimon GTexier G(2014)Optimal Delivery of Rate-Adaptive Streams in Underprovisioned NetworksIEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications10.1109/JSAC.2014.14040432:4(706-718)Online publication date: Apr-2014
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2014.140404
Heo KYoon C(2014)Web of Objects Platform for Service Composition Using Devices Profile for Web Services2014 International Conference on Information Science & Applications (ICISA)10.1109/ICISA.2014.6847482(1-4)Online publication date: May-2014
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISA.2014.6847482
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents