一:需要包含的包    import java.security.*;
  import java.io.*;
  import java.util.*;
  import java.security.*;
  import java.security.cert.*;
  import sun.security.x509.*
  import java.security.cert.Certificate;
  import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;    
二:从文件中读取证书    用keytool将.keystore中的证书写入文件中,然后从该文件中读取证书信息
  CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
  FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream("out.csr");
  Certificate c=cf.generateCertificate(in);
  String s=c.toString();    
三:从密钥库中直接读取证书    String pass="123456";
  FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,pass.toCharArray());
  java.security.cert.Certificate c=ks.getCertificate(alias);//alias为条目的别名    
四:JAVA程序中显示证书指定信息    System.out.println("输出证书信息:\n"+c.toString());
  System.out.println("版本号:"+t.getVersion());
  System.out.println("序列号:"+t.getSerialNumber().toString(16));
  System.out.println("主体名:"+t.getSubjectDN());
  System.out.println("签发者:"+t.getIssuerDN());
  System.out.println("有效期:"+t.getNotBefore());
  System.out.println("签名算法:"+t.getSigAlgName());
  byte [] sig=t.getSignature();//签名值
  PublicKey pk=t.getPublicKey();
  byte [] pkenc=pk.getEncoded();
  System.out.println("公钥");
  for(int i=0;i    
五:JAVA程序列出密钥库所有条目    String pass="123456";
  FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,pass.toCharArray());
  Enumeration e=ks.aliases();
  while(e.hasMoreElements())
  java.security.cert.Certificate c=ks.getCertificate((String)e.nextElement());   
六:JAVA程序修改密钥库口令    String oldpass="123456";
  String newpass="654321";
  FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,oldpass.toCharArray());
  in.close();
  FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(".keystore");
  ks.store(output,newpass.toCharArray());
  output.close();    
七:JAVA程序修改密钥库条目的口令及添加条目    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
  Certificate [] cchain=ks.getCertificate(alias);获取别名对应条目的证书链
  PrivateKey pk=(PrivateKey)ks.getKey(alias,oldkeypass.toCharArray());获取别名对应条目的私钥
  ks.setKeyEntry(alias,pk,newkeypass.toCharArray(),cchain);向密钥库中添加条目
  第一个参数指定所添加条目的别名,假如使用已存在别名将覆盖已存在条目,使用新别名将增加一个新条目,第二个参数为条目的私钥,第三个为设置的新口令,第四个为该私钥的公钥的证书链
  FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream("another");
  ks.store(output,storepass.toCharArray())将keystore对象内容写入新文件    
八:JAVA程序检验别名和删除条目    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
  ks.containsAlias("sage");检验条目是否在密钥库中,存在返回true
  ks.deleteEntry("sage");删除别名对应的条目
  FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(".keystore");
  ks.store(output,storepass.toCharArray())将keystore对象内容写入文件,条目删除成功    
九:JAVA程序签发数字证书    (1)从密钥库中读取CA的证书  
  FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
  KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
  ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
  java.security.cert.Certificate c1=ks.getCertificate("caroot");  
  (2)从密钥库中读取CA的私钥  
  PrivateKey caprk=(PrivateKey)ks.getKey(alias,cakeypass.toCharArray());  
  (3)从CA的证书中提取签发者的信息  
  byte[] encod1=c1.getEncoded();  提取CA证书的编码
  X509CertImpl cimp1=new X509CertImpl(encod1); 用该编码创建X509CertImpl类型对象
  X509CertInfo cinfo1=(X509CertInfo)cimp1.get(X509CertImpl.NAME+"."+X509CertImpl.INFO); 获取X509CertInfo对象
  X500Name issuer=(X500Name)cinfo1.get(X509CertInfo.SUBJECT+"."+CertificateIssuerName.DN_NAME); 获取X509Name类型的签发者信息  
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  (4)获取待签发的证书  
  CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
  FileInputStream in2=new FileInputStream("user.csr");
  java.security.cert.Certificate c2=cf.generateCertificate(in);  
  (5)从待签发的证书中提取证书信息  
  byte [] encod2=c2.getEncoded();
  X509CertImpl cimp2=new X509CertImpl(encod2); 用该编码创建X509CertImpl类型对象
  X509CertInfo cinfo2=(X509CertInfo)cimp2.get(X509CertImpl.NAME+"."+X509CertImpl.INFO); 获取X509CertInfo对象  
  (6)设置新证书有效期  
  Date begindate=new Date(); 获取当前时间
  Date enddate=new Date(begindate.getTime()+3000*24*60*60*1000L); 有效期为3000天
  CertificateValidity cv=new CertificateValidity(begindate,enddate); 创建对象
  cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.VALIDITY,cv); 设置有效期  
  (7)设置新证书序列号  
  int sn=(int)(begindate.getTime()/1000);  以当前时间为序列号
  CertificateSerialNumber csn=new CertificateSerialNumber(sn);
  cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.SERIAL_NUMBER,csn);  
  (8)设置新证书签发者  
  cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.ISSUER+"."+CertificateIssuerName.DN_NAME,issuer);应用第三步的结果  
  (9)设置新证书签名算法信息  
  AlgorithmId algorithm=new AlgorithmId(AlgorithmId.md5WithRSAEncryption_oid);
  cinfo2.set(CertificateAlgorithmId.NAME+"."+CertificateAlgorithmId.ALGORITHM,algorithm);  
  (10)创建证书并使用CA的私钥对其签名
  X509CertImpl newcert=new X509CertImpl(cinfo2);
  newcert.sign(caprk,"MD5WithRSA"); 使用CA私钥对其签名  
  (11)将新证书写入密钥库  
  ks.setCertificateEntry("lf_signed",newcert);
  FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream("newstore");
  ks.store(out,"newpass".toCharArray()); 这里是写入了新的密钥库,也可以使用第七条来增加条目    
十:数字证书的检验    (1)验证证书的有效期  
  (a)获取X509Certificate类型对象  
  CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
  FileInputStream in1=new FileInputStream("aa.crt");
  java.security.cert.Certificate c1=cf.generateCertificate(in1);
  X509Certificate t=(X509Certificate)c1;
  in2.close();  
  (b)获取日期  
  Date TimeNow=new Date();  
  (c)检验有效性  
  try{
  t.checkValidity(TimeNow);
  System.out.println("OK");
  }catch(CertificateExpiredException e){ //过期
  System.out.println("Expired");
  System.out.println(e.getMessage());
  }catch((CertificateNotYetValidException e){ //尚未生效
  System.out.println("Too early");
  System.out.println(e.getMessage());}  
  (2)验证证书签名的有效性  
  (a)获取CA证书  
  CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
  FileInputStream in2=new FileInputStream("caroot.crt");
  java.security.cert.Certificate cac=cf.generateCertificate(in2);
  in2.close();  
  (c)获取CA的公钥  
  PublicKey pbk=cac.getPublicKey();  
  (b)获取待检验的证书(上步已经获取了,就是C1)  
  (c)检验证书      
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  boolean pass=false;
  try{
  c1.verify(pbk);
  pass=true;
  }