I.perf. subj. incensit = incenderit, sicut incepsit = inceperit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 107 Müll.), v. a. in-candeo; cf.: accendo and succendo, to set fire to, to kindle, burn (freq. and class.; syn. inflammare).
I. Lit.: “cupas taedā ac pice refertas incendunt,” Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2: “tus et odores,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 77; cf. “odores,” id. Tusc. 3, 18, 43: “lychnos,” Verg. A. 1, 727: “oppida sua omnia, vicos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt,” Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 2: “aedificia vicosque,” id. ib. 6, 6, 1: “tabularium,” Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74: “Capitolium,” Sall. C. 47, 2: “naves omnes,” Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3: “tamquam ipse suas incenderit aedes,” Juv. 3, 222: “classem inflammari incendique jussit,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 91: “urbem,” id. Cat. 3, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 9, 9, 6: “quod primo incendendum Avaricum censuerat,” Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 2: “agros,” Verg. G. 1, 84: “vepres,” id. ib. 1, 271: “cum ipse circumsessus paene incenderere,” wast consumed, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 33, § 85.—Absol.: “nec incendit nisi ignis,” Quint. 6, 2, 28.—
B. Transf.
1. To light up with fire, to make a fire upon: “aras votis,” i. e. in pursuance of vows, Verg. A. 3, 279: “altaria,” id. ib. 8, 285.—
2. To heat, make hot: “diem,” Luc. 4, 68: “igne et tenuibus lignis fornacem incendemus,” will heat, warm, Col. 12, 19, 3.—
3. To make bright or shining, to brighten, illumine: “ejusdem (solis) incensa radiis luna,” Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; Ov. P. 2, 1, 41: “maculosus et auro Squamam incendebat fulgor,” Verg. A. 5, 88: vivis digitos incendere gemmis, to make brilliant, i. e. to adorn, Stat. S. 2, 1, 134.—
II. Trop.
A. To kindle, inflame, set on fire; to fire, rouse, incite, excite; to irritate, incense (esp. freq. in pass.): “ut mihi non solum tu incendere judicem, sed ipse ardere videaris,” Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188: “iidem hominem perustum etiamnum gloria volunt incendere,” id. Fam. 13, 15, 2: “me ita vel cepit vel incendit, ut cuperem, etc.,” id. ib. 5, 12, 1: “aliquem morando,” Sall. J. 25, 10: “(aliquem) querelis,” Verg. A. 4, 360: “in minime gratum spectaculum animo incenduntur,” Liv. 1, 25, 2: “Tyndariden incendit amor,” Val. Fl. 6, 207: “plebem largiundo atque pollicitando,” Sall. C. 38, 1: “juventutem ad facinora,” id. ib. 13, 4: “bonorum animos,” Cic. Att. 2, 16, 1: “animum cupidum inopiā,” Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 126: “cupiditatem alicujus,” Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 1: “odia improborum in nos,” id. Att. 9, 1, 3: “tum pudor incendit vires et conscia virtus,” inflames, Verg. A. 5, 455: “illam incendentem luctus,” id. ib. 9, 500: clamore incendunt caelum, set on fire with, i. e. fill with, id. ib. 10, 895: “regiam repentino luctu,” Just. 38, 8 fin.: “rabie jecur incendente feruntur Praecipites,” Juv. 7, 648: “quibus incendi jam frigidus, aevo Laomedontiades possit,” id. 6, 325.—In pass.: “nimis sermone hujus irā incendor,” Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 66; id. As. 2, 4, 14; cf.: “incendor irā, esse ausam facere haec te injussu meo,” Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 47: “hisce ego illam dictis ita tibi incensam dabo, ut, etc.,” id. Phorm. 5, 7, 81: “amore sum incensus,” Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 18: “(mulier) incensa odio pristino,” id. Clu. 64, 181: “incendor quotidie magis non desiderio solum sed etiam incredibili fama virtutum admirabilium,” id. Or. 10, 33: “incensus studio,” id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48: “iratus iste vehementer Sthenio et incensus hospitium renuntiat,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89: “omnes incenduntur ad studia gloriā,” id. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 1, 19, 44: “imperator incensus ad rem publicam bene gerendam,” id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35: “Caesar ab eo (Crasso) in me esset incensus,” id. Fam. 1, 9, 9: “nulla mens est tam ad comprehendendam vim oratoris parata, quae possit incendi, nisi inflammatus ipse ad eam et ardens accesseris,” id. de Or. 2, 45, 190 fin.: “inimicitiis incensa contentio,” id. Opt. Gen. Or. 7, 22: “incensus calcaribus equus,” Hirt. B. G. 8, 48, 5.—Absol.: loquarne? incendam; “taceam? instigem,” Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 9: “dumque petit petitur pariterque incendit et ardet,” Ov. M. 3, 425.—*
B. To enhance, raise: annonam (the price of corn), to produce a dearness or scarcity (shortly before: “excandefaciebant),” Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 16 (cf. incendium, II. A.).—
C. To destroy, ruin, lay waste: “si istuc conare ... tuum incendes genus,” Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 49: “campos,” Stat. Th. 1, 631. — Hence, incensus , a, um, P. a., inflamed, burning, hot: “profuit incensos aestus avertere ( = vehementissimos ardores febris),” Verg. G. 3, 469 Forbig. ad loc.— In comp.: “aether,” Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 201.
