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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
by evaporation is proportional to the dryness of the air. At-mos-pheric Alarm′--Whistle. A whistle blown by the air. It is principally used as a nautical alarm, being attached to a buoy, or placed on a pile or floating vessel, to warn ships from a shoal or spit of land. It is to be distinguished from audible alarms produced by clock-work or other machinery by which a blast of air is impelled through a whistle or horn. These are considered under fog-alarm; nautical alarm; which see. Cabell's atmospheric alarm-whistle. Cabell's Atmospheric Alarm-Whistle, 1867, is sounded by the alternate eduction and induction of air from or into an annular chamber, which is partially filled with water and oscillated by the motion of the vessel, assisted by other power, if necessary. The motion may be made to work an air-pump to increase the energy of the blast, or its effectiveness may be augmented by gas, generated by chemical action in the chamber. The chamber D has air-spaces b b′ c
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
, and which is expanded by steam below its extended flanges. o is the Smith piston, 1867. Steam is admitted through a central groove in the packing, and passes behind the rings. p, Witty's valve, 1869, in which steam is admitted through valve-ways to the space behind the ring. The contact of the valve-stem with the end of the cylinder actuates the valve. q is Hedden's valve, 1863, in which steam is admitted by valves in the piston into the space behind the expansible ring. r is Cabell's piston, 1866. It has flexible outside disks, whose peripheries move in contact with the surface of the cylinder. s is Cameron's, 1866. It has a coil of wire in a spiral groove around the piston. t is Clark's, 1865. It has a grooved periphery for wire or jute. Gale's patent, July 21, 1857, has a piston with circumferential grooves occupied by steam and water of condensation, which act as a packing. The same feature is found also in the stuffingbox, which is grooved interiorly.