Gemini 1.5 Pro 2M 上下文窗口、代码执行功能和 Gemma 2 现已推出。了解详情

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简介：使用 Gemini API 进行函数调用

你可以使用 Functions 函数定义自定义函数并将其提供给 Gemini 模型，通话功能。这些模型不会直接调用这些函数，而是生成用于指定函数名称和建议函数的结构化数据输出参数。此输出可让您编写采用结构化然后调用外部 API，然后就可以将生成的 API 输出合并到进一步的模型提示中，以便进行更全面的查询响应。函数调用让用户能够与实时交互信息和各种服务，例如数据库、客户关系管理系统和文档存储库，增强他们根据上下文给出相关回答。

函数调用的工作原理

要使用函数调用功能，您可以添加描述编写接口（称为函数声明）。通过函数声明会提供 API 函数的名称、说明其用途及其支持的任何参数，以及这些参数的说明。成功通过列出模型查询中的函数声明，它会分析函数，和查询的其余部分来确定如何使用 API 响应请求。

然后，模型以与 OpenAPI 兼容的架构指定如何调用一个或多个声明的函数。然后，您可以采用推荐的函数调用参数，调用实际 API，获取响应，并将该响应提供给或采取进一步措施请注意，模型实际上并不会调用声明的函数。而是可以使用返回的架构对象参数调用该函数。Gemini API 还支持并行函数调用，其中模型会根据单个请求推荐多个 API 函数调用。

支持的模型

以下模型支持函数调用功能：

gemini-1.0-pro
gemini-1.0-pro-001
gemini-1.5-flash-latest
gemini-1.5-pro-latest

函数声明

在提示中实现函数调用时，您需要创建一个 tools 对象，其中包含一个或多个 function declarations。你可以定义函数尤其是使用选择子集的 OpenAPI 架构格式。单个函数声明可以包含以下参数：

name（字符串）：API 中函数的唯一标识符调用。
description（字符串）：对函数的用途和功能。
parameters（对象）：定义函数所需的输入数据。
- type（字符串）：指定总体数据类型，例如 object。
- properties（对象）：列出各个参数，每个参数都包含以下内容：
  - type（字符串）：参数的数据类型，例如 string、integer、boolean。
  - description（字符串）：参数的明确说明用途和预期格式。
- required（数组）：列出参数名称的字符串数组它们是函数运行所必需的。

如需查看使用 c网址命令进行函数声明的代码示例，请参阅函数调用示例。示例有关为其他平台创建函数声明的信息，请参阅函数调用平台指南。

函数声明最佳实践

将函数集成到请求。每个函数都依赖于特定的参数来指导其行为及其交互方式。以下列表提供了相关指南，供您在 functions_declarations 中定义单个函数的参数数组。

name：使用清晰的描述性名称，不要使用空格和句点 (.) 或短划线 (-) 字符。请改用下划线 (_) 字符或驼峰命名法。
description：提供详细、清晰且具体的功能说明，必要时提供示例。例如，将 find theaters，请使用 find theaters based on location and optionally movie title that is currently playing in theaters. 避免过于宽泛或不明确信息。
propertiestype：使用强类型参数来减少模型幻觉。例如，如果参数值来自设置，请使用 enum 字段，而不是在说明中列出值（例如，"type": "enum", "values": ["now_playing", "upcoming"]）。如果参数值始终为整数，请将类型设置为 integer，而不是 number。
propertiesdescription：提供具体示例和限制条件。例如，请使用 The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616，而不要使用 the location to search。

如需了解使用函数调用的更多最佳实践，请参阅最佳实践部分。

函数调用模式

您可以使用函数调用 mode 参数来修改执行相应功能的行为。有三种模式可供选择：

AUTO：默认的模型行为。模型决定根据预测结果函数调用或自然语言响应。
ANY：模型受到限制，只能始终预测函数调用。如果 allowed_function_names 未提供，则模型会从所有可用的函数声明。如果提供了 allowed_function_names，则：模型会从一组允许的函数中进行选择。
NONE：模型不会预测函数调用。在本示例中，模型行为与不传递任何函数声明时的行为相同。

您还可以传递一组 allowed_function_names，如果提供这组 allowed_function_names，则会限制模型将调用的函数。您只能添加当模式为 ANY 时为 allowed_function_names。函数名称应保持一致函数声明名称。将模式设为 ANY，并将 allowed_function_names 集之后，模型将从提供的函数名称集。以下代码段来自示例请求展示了如何将 mode 设置为 ANY，并指定允许的函数列表：

"tool_config": {
  "function_calling_config": {
    "mode": "ANY",
    "allowed_function_names": ["find_theaters", "get_showtimes"]
  },
}

函数调用示例

本部分提供了使用 c网址命令进行函数调用的示例提示。例如，单轮和多轮场景，启用不同的函数调用模式。

将 c网址命令与此功能结合使用时，函数和参数信息包含在 tools 元素中。代码文件中的每个函数声明 tools 元素包含函数名称，您可以使用与 OpenAPI 兼容的架构；和函数说明

单轮示例

单轮调用是指一次性调用语言模型。对于函数调用，单轮用例可能是当您向模型提供自然语言查询和函数列表时的用例。在本示例中，模型使用函数其中包含函数名称、形参和说明预测要调用的函数以及调用该函数的参数。

下面的 curl 示例是传递函数，该函数返回电影放映地点的相关信息。若干函数声明包含在请求中，例如 find_movies 和 find_theaters。

单轮函数调用示例请求

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-pro:generateContent?key=$API_KEY \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "contents": {
      "role": "user",
      "parts": {
        "text": "Which theaters in Mountain View show Barbie movie?"
    }
  },
  "tools": [
    {
      "function_declarations": [
        {
          "name": "find_movies",
          "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "description": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc."
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "description"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "find_theaters",
          "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "get_showtimes",
          "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              },
              "theater": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Name of the theater"
              },
              "date": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Date for requested showtime"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location",
              "movie",
              "theater",
              "date"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}'

此 curl 示例的响应可能类似于以下内容。

单轮函数调用 curl 示例响应

[{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "parts": [
          {
            "functionCall": {
              "name": "find_theaters",
              "args": {
                "movie": "Barbie",
                "location": "Mountain View, CA"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "finishReason": "STOP",
      "safetyRatings": [
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "usageMetadata": {
    "promptTokenCount": 9,
    "totalTokenCount": 9
  }
}]

使用 ANY 模式的单轮示例

下面的 curl 示例与单轮示例，但它将将 mode 设置为 ANY：

"tool_config": {
  "function_calling_config": {
    "mode": "ANY"
  },
}

使用 ANY 模式的单轮函数调用（请求）

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-pro:generateContent?key=$API_KEY \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "contents": {
      "role": "user",
      "parts": {
        "text": "What movies are showing in North Seattle tonight?"
    }
  },
  "tools": [
    {
      "function_declarations": [
        {
          "name": "find_movies",
          "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "description": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc."
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "description"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "find_theaters",
          "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "get_showtimes",
          "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              },
              "theater": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Name of the theater"
              },
              "date": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Date for requested showtime"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location",
              "movie",
              "theater",
              "date"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "tool_config": {
    "function_calling_config": {
      "mode": "ANY"
    },
  }
}'

响应可能类似以下内容：

使用 ANY 模式的单轮函数调用（响应）

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "parts": [
          {
            "functionCall": {
              "name": "find_movies",
              "args": {
                "description": "",
                "location": "North Seattle, WA"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "role": "model"
      },
      "finishReason": "STOP",
      "index": 0,
      "safetyRatings": [
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "promptFeedback": {
    "safetyRatings": [
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      }
    ]
  }
}

使用 ANY 模式和允许函数的单轮示例

下面的 curl 示例与单轮示例，但它将将 mode 设置为 ANY，并包含允许的函数：

"tool_config": {
  "function_calling_config": {
    "mode": "ANY",
    "allowed_function_names": ["find_theaters", "get_showtimes"]
  },
}

使用 ANY 模式和允许的函数的单轮函数调用（请求）

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-pro:generateContent?key=$API_KEY \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "contents": {
      "role": "user",
      "parts": {
        "text": "What movies are showing in North Seattle tonight?"
    }
  },
  "tools": [
    {
      "function_declarations": [
        {
          "name": "find_movies",
          "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "description": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc."
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "description"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "find_theaters",
          "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "get_showtimes",
          "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
          "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
              },
              "movie": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Any movie title"
              },
              "theater": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Name of the theater"
              },
              "date": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "Date for requested showtime"
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "location",
              "movie",
              "theater",
              "date"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "tool_config": {
    "function_calling_config": {
      "mode": "ANY",
      "allowed_function_names": ["find_theaters", "get_showtimes"]
    },
  }
}'

模型无法预测 find_movies 函数，因为它不在列表中因此预测的是另一个函数。响应与以下代码类似：

使用 ANY 模式和允许的函数的单轮函数调用（响应）

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "parts": [
          {
            "functionCall": {
              "name": "find_theaters",
              "args": {
                "location": "North Seattle, WA",
                "movie": null
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "role": "model"
      },
      "finishReason": "STOP",
      "index": 0,
      "safetyRatings": [
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "promptFeedback": {
    "safetyRatings": [
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      },
      {
        "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
        "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
      }
    ]
  }
}

多轮示例

您可以通过执行以下操作来实现多轮函数调用场景：

通过调用语言模型获取函数调用响应。这是第一轮。
使用第一轮的函数调用响应和调用该函数获得的函数响应调用语言模型。这是第二轮。

第二轮的响应会总结第一轮中回答您查询的结果，或包含可用于获取查询更多信息的第二轮函数调用。

本主题包含两个多轮 curl 示例：

使用上一轮的函数响应的 curl 示例
多次调用语言模型的 curl 示例

使用上个回合的回复

以下 curl 示例调用上一个单轮示例返回的函数和参数以获取响应。方法和参数单轮示例返回的 JSON 文件。

"functionCall": {
  "name": "find_theaters",
  "args": {
    "movie": "Barbie",
    "location": "Mountain View, CA"
  }
}

多轮函数调用 curl 示例请求

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-pro:generateContent?key=$API_KEY \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "contents": [{
      "role": "user",
      "parts": [{
        "text": "Which theaters in Mountain View show Barbie movie?"
    }]
  }, {
    "role": "model",
    "parts": [{
      "functionCall": {
        "name": "find_theaters",
        "args": {
          "location": "Mountain View, CA",
          "movie": "Barbie"
        }
      }
    }]
  }, {
    "role": "function",
    "parts": [{
      "functionResponse": {
        "name": "find_theaters",
        "response": {
          "name": "find_theaters",
          "content": {
            "movie": "Barbie",
            "theaters": [{
              "name": "AMC Mountain View 16",
              "address": "2000 W El Camino Real, Mountain View, CA 94040"
            }, {
              "name": "Regal Edwards 14",
              "address": "245 Castro St, Mountain View, CA 94040"
            }]
          }
        }
      }
    }]
  }],
  "tools": [{
    "functionDeclarations": [{
      "name": "find_movies",
      "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "description": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc."
          }
        },
        "required": ["description"]
      }
    }, {
      "name": "find_theaters",
      "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "movie": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any movie title"
          }
        },
        "required": ["location"]
      }
    }, {
      "name": "get_showtimes",
      "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "movie": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any movie title"
          },
          "theater": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Name of the theater"
          },
          "date": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Date for requested showtime"
          }
        },
        "required": ["location", "movie", "theater", "date"]
      }
    }]
  }]
}'

此 curl 示例的响应包含调用 find_theaters 方法的结果。响应可能类似以下内容：

多轮函数调用 curl 示例响应

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": " OK. Barbie is showing in two theaters in Mountain View, CA: AMC Mountain View 16 and Regal Edwards 14."
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "usageMetadata": {
    "promptTokenCount": 9,
    "candidatesTokenCount": 27,
    "totalTokenCount": 36
  }
}

多次调用模型

以下 c网址示例多次调用生成式 AI 模型一个函数。模型每次调用函数时，都可以使用不同的函数来回答请求中的不同用户查询。

多轮函数调用 curl 示例请求

curl https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-pro:generateContent?key=$API_KEY \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "contents": [{
      "role": "user",
      "parts": [{
        "text": "Which theaters in Mountain View show Barbie movie?"
    }]
  }, {
    "role": "model",
    "parts": [{
      "functionCall": {
        "name": "find_theaters",
        "args": {
          "location": "Mountain View, CA",
          "movie": "Barbie"
        }
      }
    }]
  }, {
    "role": "function",
    "parts": [{
      "functionResponse": {
        "name": "find_theaters",
        "response": {
          "name": "find_theaters",
          "content": {
            "movie": "Barbie",
            "theaters": [{
              "name": "AMC Mountain View 16",
              "address": "2000 W El Camino Real, Mountain View, CA 94040"
            }, {
              "name": "Regal Edwards 14",
              "address": "245 Castro St, Mountain View, CA 94040"
            }]
          }
        }
      }
    }]
  },
  {
    "role": "model",
    "parts": [{
      "text": " OK. Barbie is showing in two theaters in Mountain View, CA: AMC Mountain View 16 and Regal Edwards 14."
    }]
  },{
    "role": "user",
    "parts": [{
      "text": "Can we recommend some comedy movies on show in Mountain View?"
    }]
  }],
  "tools": [{
    "functionDeclarations": [{
      "name": "find_movies",
      "description": "find movie titles currently playing in theaters based on any description, genre, title words, etc.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "description": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any kind of description including category or genre, title words, attributes, etc."
          }
        },
        "required": ["description"]
      }
    }, {
      "name": "find_theaters",
      "description": "find theaters based on location and optionally movie title which is currently playing in theaters",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "movie": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any movie title"
          }
        },
        "required": ["location"]
      }
    }, {
      "name": "get_showtimes",
      "description": "Find the start times for movies playing in a specific theater",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "OBJECT",
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA or a zip code e.g. 95616"
          },
          "movie": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Any movie title"
          },
          "theater": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Name of the theater"
          },
          "date": {
            "type": "STRING",
            "description": "Date for requested showtime"
          }
        },
        "required": ["location", "movie", "theater", "date"]
      }
    }]
  }]
}'

多轮函数调用 curl 示例响应

[{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "parts": [
          {
            "functionCall": {
              "name": "find_movies",
              "args": {
                "description": "comedy",
                "location": "Mountain View, CA"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "finishReason": "STOP",
      "safetyRatings": [
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HARASSMENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_HATE_SPEECH",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUALLY_EXPLICIT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        },
        {
          "category": "HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT",
          "probability": "NEGLIGIBLE"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "usageMetadata": {
    "promptTokenCount": 48,
    "totalTokenCount": 48
  }
}
]

最佳做法

请遵循以下最佳做法，以提高准确性和函数调用的可靠性

用户提示

为获得最佳结果，请在用户查询前面加上以下详细信息：

模型的其他上下文。例如 You are a movie API assistant to help users find movies and showtimes based on their preferences.。
有关如何以及何时使用这些函数的详细信息或说明。例如：Don't make assumptions on showtimes. Always use a future date for showtimes.
在用户询问含糊不清的问题时询问澄清性问题的说明。例如：Ask clarifying questions if not enough information is available to complete the request.

采样参数

对于温度参数，请使用 0 或其他较低值。这会指示模型生成置信度更高的结果并减少幻觉。

API 调用

如果模型建议调用一个会发送订单、更新数据库或以其他方式产生重大后果的函数，请在执行之前先向用户验证该函数调用。