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C++ Assignment Operators


Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

In the example below, we use the assignment operator (=) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x:

Example

int x = 10;
Try it Yourself »

The addition compound assignment operator (+=) adds a value to a variable:

Example

int x = 10;
x += 5; // same as x = x + 5
Try it Yourself »

A list of all assignment operators:

Operator Example Same As Try it
= x = 5 x = 5 Try it »
+= x += 3 x = x + 3 Try it »
-= x -= 3 x = x - 3 Try it »
*= x *= 3 x = x * 3 Try it »
/= x /= 3 x = x / 3 Try it »
%= x %= 3 x = x % 3 Try it »
&= x &= 3 x = x & 3 Try it »
|= x |= 3 x = x | 3 Try it »
^= x ^= 3 x = x ^ 3 Try it »
>>= x >>= 3 x = x >> 3 Try it »
<<= x <<= 3 x = x << 3 Try it »

Compound Assignment Operators

Compound assignment operators are a shorter way of writing operations where you use a variable in both sides of an assignment. For example, instead of writing x = x + 5;, you can simply write x += 5;.

Example

int x = 10;

x += 5;  // same as x = x + 5
cout << x << "\n"; // 15

x *= 2;  // same as x = x * 2
cout << x << "\n"; // 30
Try it Yourself »

Tip: Compound operators make code shorter and easier to read, especially when updating the same variable many times.

Why "Compound"?
They are called compound assignment operators because they combine a regular operator (like +, -, *, etc.) with the assignment operator (=) into one single operator. For example, += is a combination of + and =.


Real-Life Example: Tracking Savings

Compound assignment operators can also be used in real-life scenarios. For example, you can use the += operator to keep track of savings when you add money to an account:

Example

int savings = 100; 
savings += 50; // add 50 to savings

cout << "Total savings: " << savings;
Try it Yourself »



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