[Free RPG Day 2024] The Shining Shrine

Now in its seventeenth year, Free RPG Day for 2024 took place on Saturday, June 22nd. As per usual, Free RPG Day consisted of an array of new and interesting little releases, which are traditionally tasters for forthcoming games to be released at GenCon the following August, but others are support for existing RPGs or pieces of gaming ephemera or a quick-start. This included dice, miniatures, vouchers, and more. Thanks to the generosity of Waylands Forge in Birmingham, Reviews from R’lyeh was able to get hold of many of the titles released for Free RPG Day.

—oOo—

The Shining Shrine is a preview of Heliana’s Guide to Monster Hunting, a supplement for use with Dungeons & Dragons, Fifth Edition published by Loot Tavern. The supplement contains adventures as well as rules for tracking, crafting, and harvesting, and also new monsters, spells, and Player Character options. The Shining Shrine includes just a little of that, making it essentially, a mini-version of the full book. Thus, it contains a full adventure and not one, not two, but seven appendices. These in turn provide new magical items, spells, creatures, familiars, a wizard, and more—including a QR code for a soundtrack! All of which is illustrated with some lovely artwork. The Shining Shrine opens with the eponymously named scenario. This is a short affair designed to be played in roughly one or two sessions, and contains the stats and details necessary to run it for between three and seven Player Characters of Second, Seventh, or Twelfth Level. Ideally though, there should be an average of four Player Characters. The scenario takes place in the Springarden, a bounteous and blossom-filled estate at the heart of the Springwood. Here the barrier between the Plane of Fey and the Material Plane is at its thinnest, enabling the fey to slip into our world. The barrier is at its weakest during a confluence of stars and this when Feyfest is held. Unfortunately, during the most recent confluence a creature called the Suneater Owlbear slipped in the Springarden and has subsequently made its home in a shrine holy to the Blossom Union, a sect of druid-monks that cares for the surrounding Springwood.

The scenario set-up is nicely detailed and gives a clear explanation of what is going on as well as some adventure hooks. The scenario is itself is quite structured. Designed as a hunt, it is split into two parts. In the first, much shorter part, the Player Characters have the opportunity to gather three clues pertinent to the hunt itself. These are primarily delivered by Threeflowers, a timid Gnome Druid who would rather be in some quiet corner smoking a pipe, but there are other means of gathering clues too. The authors both make it clear what the clues and their significance are and that the players and their characters need to know all three. It is not subtle about this. Once the Player Characters have their clues, they are ready to face the creature, a Sun-powered version of the Owlbear. The battle is fought in three stages, or waves, and each is described in detail including the tactics that the Suneater Owlbear and its minions will use each time. Making use of the given clues will at least ameliorate some of the deadlier attacks that the creature can deploy. Ultimately, the scenario is a one-session affair, primarily combat-based, but with a little bit of roleplaying and puzzle solving thrown.

There is treasure to be found at the end of the scenario. Some of these are magical items held in the Blossom Union, whilst others can be crafted from the unique components that can be harvested from the Suneater Owlbear. These and others are detailed in the first appendix in The Shining Shrine. They include the Bonze’s Bokken, Wind Ripper, a wooden sword which can create increasingly strong gusts of wind; the Suncatcher, a staff which can catch and absorb radiant energy, and even imbue spell attacks with radiant agency; and the Sunwing Bow, which requires no ammunition in sunlight and marks targets with radiant energy. There are magical meals such as Suneater Steak and Eggs, that grant healing every hour spent in sunlight, and so on.

The other appendices contain spells like The Bends, which creates bubbles of nitrogen in a target’s blood, effectively poisoning him and Endoleech, which with a touch allows the caster to absorb the energy from the target and slow its metabolism. It also inflicts cold damage. These two spells come from the new school of magic given in The Shining Shrine and thus in Heliana’s Guide to Monster Hunting. The school specialises in the manipulation of the biology of both the caster and others. This includes ‘Self Improvement’, by which the caster can give himself an extra appendage like a prehensile tail or an arm, make a hand detachable, owl eyes to see in the dark, and spidersense to gain a bonus to his initiative. The main feature of the new creatures is the Suneater Owlbear, a fey rather than beast-aligned creature with radiant energy abilities. Three versions are given—young, adult, and ancient—complete with stats so that the Dungeon Master has the right version to match the Level of the Player Characters for adventure in The Shining Shrine.

Although the Tamer Class, new to Heliana’s Guide to Monster Hunting, but not detailed here, The Shining Shrine gives tantalising glimpses of what it can do. This includes the ability to harvest and craft familiars from remains of powerful creatures. The accompanying example is of a Sunsnacker, a tiny Fey creature that can grow with the Tamer as the Player Character gains Levels. In doing so, it gets bigger and it gains abilities like a Solar Beam and eventually, the power to appear to be an Eye Tyrant in low light or darkness. More obviously playable is the ‘Rakin’, a playable raccoon-like race known for their practical jokes. It has three subraces consisting of the Urkin, the Posskin, and the Tanukin. Of these, only the streetwise Urkin with a penchant for theft and the nomadic and tough Posskin who will play dead when in a dire situation.

Physically, The Shining Shrine is very well done. It is decently written and the artwork is excellent throughout.

The Shining Shrine is a mixture of playable content and hints at what is to be found in the pages of Heliana’s Guide to Monster Hunting. The latter is intriguing, whereas the playable content is decent, the adventure in particular, presenting a tough challenge for the Player Characters whatever their Level. Overall, The Shining Shrine is an engaging preview that nicely showcases a little of what is to be found in Heliana’s Guide to Monster Hunting.

The Other OSR—Forgotten Duty

The Book of the Key is an elaborate monastic chronicle written in the sixteenth century in an obscure Italian dialect that describes events and happenings so fantastical that they are at odds with the known history of the period, yet the work is anything other than a satire. The marginalia is even strange, annotations consisting of esoteric formulae and prayers dedicated to an unknown and unnamed god. The god is described as having the power to permit movement from this world to another, from this reality to another… It is currently held in the library of the University of Navarra, in the city of Pamplona, in north-east Spain. It is also rumoured to have been stolen from its previous owners, and that they, the Knights Hospitaller, seek to return to their possession. There are many reasons why someone might want to examine The Book of the Key. Perhaps to right a wrong by engaging in the many-worlds theory of quantum physics to shift to another reality where the right rather than the wrong took place. Perhaps to open, or even close, the way, perhaps to prevent access to our world by otherworldly entities such as Dimensional Shamblers or Hounds Out of Time. Perhaps the book points to the means to locate an artefact that will be inimical to a true enemy. Perhaps the connections to the Mythos of the book are already known and it has fallen into the wrong hands, and whoever that is, they need to be stopped from using it.

This is the set-up—or rather the set-ups—to Forgotten Duty, a modern day scenario for Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition, the Old School Renaissance-adjacent roleplaying game of Lovecraftian investigative horror published by Just Crunch Games. Whatever the reason for the Investigators to want to look at the book, the curator at the museum, Gustavo Ibáñez, will sadly explain that the book is currently not held by the university, but has been loaned to a benefactor to the university, Count Cielo Al-Hamrā. Fortunately, he can arrange an interview with the count and when this happens, the count will be very gracious and tell the Investigators that he has returned the book. The book though, has already been shipped off elsewhere, or has it?

There is a strangeness that runs deep not only into the question of the missing book, but also in the city of Pamplona itself. The inhabitants seem to be suffering from collective trauma, there are reports of missing persons and missing persons posters across the city, and the Investigators begin to suffer strange dreams, nightmares that point to the city’s dark history and the invasion of the Romans centuries before. Random strangers approach the Investigators, some to question their interest and reason for being in the city, others steal from them, or worse, assault them as an act of revenge, but for what? Then there is Count Cielo Al-Hamrā, a man that the Investigators have met, but whom nobody can quite recall too much about beyond his being a great benefactor to the city.

Ultimately, the investigation will point to Count Cielo Al-Hamrā as being key to getting to the heart of the mystery in Pamplona, let alone being key to locating the book. In fact, by this time, the location of the book almost becomes secondary to the need to find just what is really going on in Pamplona. Doing so will take the Investigators to the count’s home, a villa with an oddly unlived in feel and signs of strange activity, whilst the staff genially about their odd duties. This is to the extent that the Investigators may be able to explore the villa almost unimpeded, though something is surely waiting for the truly curious. Which should of course, include the Investigators.

Forgotten Duty supports the Game Master with details about Pamplona and the University of Navarra, descriptions and details of the odd encounters that the Investigators might have around the city, and the means to create the dreams that they begin to have. There are missing persons posters too, as handouts. Throughout, there are footnotes as well, and these will help the Game Master add flavour and detail to the scenario.

Physically, Forgotten Duty is decently done, but a little rough around the edges. It does need another edit as there is missing text, but the maps are good, as are the few handouts.

Forgotten Duty is a solidly weird and creepy scenario. It can easily be played in a single session and so be run as a convention scenario, in fact more easily than it can be worked into a campaign. It is also just as easy to adapt it to the roleplaying game of Lovecraftian investigative horror of your choice.

—oOo—

Just Crunch Games and All Rolled Up will be at UK Games Expo which takes place on Friday, May 31st to Sunday June 2nd, 2024.

[Fanzine Focus XXXV] The Beholder Issue 3

On the tail of the Old School Renaissance has come another movement—the rise of the fanzine. Although the fanzine—a nonprofessional and nonofficial publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon, got its start in Science Fiction fandom, in the gaming hobby it first started with Chess and Diplomacy fanzines before finding fertile ground in the roleplaying hobby in the 1970s. Here these amateurish publications allowed the hobby a public space for two things. First, they were somewhere that the hobby could voice opinions and ideas that lay outside those of a game’s publisher. Second, in the Golden Age of roleplaying when the Dungeon Masters were expected to create their own settings and adventures, they also provided a rough and ready source of support for the game of your choice. Many also served as vehicles for the fanzine editor’s house campaign and thus they showed another Dungeon Master and group played said game. This would often change over time if a fanzine accepted submissions. Initially, fanzines were primarily dedicated to the big three RPGs of the 1970s—Dungeons & Dragons, RuneQuest, and Traveller—but fanzines have appeared dedicated to other RPGs since, some of which helped keep a game popular in the face of no official support.

Since 2008 with the publication of Fight On #1, the Old School Renaissance has had its own fanzines. The advantage of the Old School Renaissance is that the various Retroclones draw from the same source and thus one Dungeons & Dragons-style RPG is compatible with another. This means that the contents of one fanzine will be compatible with the Retroclone that you already run and play even if not specifically written for it. Labyrinth Lord and Lamentations of the Flame Princess Weird Fantasy Roleplay have proved to be popular choices to base fanzines around, as has Swords & Wizardry. As new fanzines have appeared, there has been an interest in the fanzines of the past, and as that interest has grown, they have become highly collectible, and consequently more difficult to obtain and write about. However, in writing about them, the reader should be aware that these fanzines were written and published between thirty and forty years ago, typically by roleplayers in their teens and twenties. What this means is that sometimes the language and terminology used reflects this and though the language and terminology is not socially acceptable today, that use should not be held against the authors and publishers unduly.

The Beholder was a British fanzine first published in April, 1979. Dedicated to Dungeons & Dragons and Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, it ran to twenty-seven issues, the last being published in July, 1981. It was popular and would be awarded ‘Best Games Fanzine’ at the Games Day convention in 1980. After the final issue of The Beholder, the editors would go on to release a number of anthologies which collected content from the complete run of the fanzine such as Beholder Supplement Glossary of Magic, which collected many of the magical items which appeared in the fanzine and collated them into a series of tables for easy use by the Dungeon Master, and Fantasie Scenarios – The Fanzine Supplement No. 2, the first of several scenario anthologies.

The Beholder Issue 3 was probably published in June 1979, given that the fanzine was published monthly and on a regular basis throughout its run. Its contents do not follow the pattern as set by The Beholder Issue 1 and followed by The Beholder Issue 2. So although the issue does include new monsters and a scenario, but no new monsters, spells, or magical items, and even then, the scenario is different. Rather than the competition scenario of the first two issues, it consists of the fantasy equivalent of the ‘country house’ mystery, and this makes it much, much more easier for the Dungeon Master to add or adapt to her own campaign. Further, unlike The Beholder Issue 2, the issue solely focuses on Dungeons & Dragons and so there is no content for use the then leading Science Fiction roleplaying game, Traveller.

The issue opens with ‘Magic System’, which offers up an alternative to one of the ‘bugbears’ of Dungeons & Dragons—its magic system. Infamously Vancian, spells are learned, memorised, cast, and in the process, forgotten, or in the case of a Cleric or Druid, prayed for, memorised, cast, and in the process, forgotten. What ‘Magic System’ suggests as an alternative is a point buy/memorisation system. No matter whether the Player Character is a Cleric, Druid, Magic-User, or Illusionist, or even a Paladin or Ranger, there is a limit to how many spells he can hold in his head. This is Spell Capacity, determined by the point value of spell and the total spell capacity of the Player Character, which will vary according to each Class based on the primary attribute of the Class and the Player Character’s Level. Then each spell is given a point value. When a spell is cast, it reduces the Player Character’s Spell Capacity. For example, a Magic-User’s Spell capacity is half his Intelligence multiplied by his Level, a third Level Magic-user with an Intelligence of sixteen, will have a spell capacity of twenty-four. Magic Missile has a Spell value of three, which reduces the Magic-User’s Spell Capacity to twenty-one when he casts it. Spell Values are given for all of the spells accessible to each spell-casting Class.

So far, so good, but there are a couple of interesting wrinkles. When a Druid or Cleric prays for his spells, there is a very small chance of them not being granted, but this chance drops by extra time spent praying, and they can even pray to receive spells that would exceed his spell capacity. However, there is a chance that this will annoy the gods and they will excommunicate the Druid or Cleric! If this happens too many times, the Druid or Cleric has his soul destroyed and he is dead! For the Magic-user and the Illusionist, there is the chance that any spell cast will fail and a smaller chance of any spell that is failed to be cast will backfire! The likelihood of a spell casting failure and spell backfire increases if the Magic-user or the Illusionist casts spells that would reduce his Spell capacity below zero.

Overall, the ‘Magic System’ appears to be a serviceable alternative, likely as good as or better than any that would have been offered in the fanzines of the period, given that such publications served as platforms for alternatives to published rules for a roleplaying game such as Dungeons & Dragons. Of course, they are more complex though than the Vancian magic system in standard Dungeons & Dragons.

‘Monster summoning’ details some seven new monsters. From Huw Williams, there is the Kelpie, a small, extremely evil water spirit that looks like a nixie, but can transform into a horse, and from John Stoner—brother of co-editor, Michael G. Stoner—the Helfic, a giant spider-like creature with ten legs instead of eight and large, crushing mandibles. These inflict an increasing amount of damage, the longer a victim is held in them, and they infect the victim with haemophilia, which means that suffering damage can be fatal due to bleeding—internally or externally! Michael G. Stoner gives write-ups of five new monsters. They include Helz, disembodied skeletal hands that snatch equipment and run (float?) away; the Yeti Naga, a variant of the Naga which lives in cold, snowy climates and can cast the Ice Storm daily, plus other spells that are not fire related; and the Swordfish, an aerial version of the fish, which likes to skewer its victims with its sword. The other two monsters are Chess-related and both are created by high-Level Magic-Users and both are either ‘black’ or Lawful Evil’, or ‘white’ or ‘Lawful Good’. The Rook is a miniature castle tower which charges its opponents to knock them down. This means it ignores the Armour Cass bonus of any armour worn. The Knight can attack with his sword, whilst his horse can bite. It is also very fast and can leap into combat and strike first or it can leap out of combat first and gallop away!

The monsters themselves are okay. Nothing spectacular. What is interesting is that the article gives the values for ‘The Monstermark System’ by Don Turnbull which appeared in the pages of the first three issues of White Dwarf and was subsequently reprinted in The Best of White Dwarf Articles in 1980. It amends the article with the following comment: “Incidentally, talking of MonsterMark, do you realise the trouble that AD&D (Advanced Dungeons and Dragons) is going to cause? Not only are there now many new _monsters that need “marking” but many of the old ones have been changed, making their monstermarks wrong! Also the Ref’s guide uses a new set of attacking tables and, if you use them, monstermark will be even more Inaccurate! If Ian Livingstone and the lads at GW are listening: Why not give Don Turnbull a few pages of a White Dwarf to fill with AD&D monstermarks?”

‘The Villa of Menopolis’ is the scenario in The Beholder Issue 3. Unlike in the first two issue, due to popular demand, it is not competition dungeon. Instead, it is a mini-scenario for low Level characters, but one that needs an experienced Game Master. Oddly, it suggests that it be played with two First Level, two Second Level, and two Third Level Player Characters rather than they all be of the same Level. The villa is associated with a legend that says that its keepers live alongside a mythical race known as the Gremlodwarves, short creatures with long green hair and beards and said to be seen abroad on moonlit nights. This does not stop the villa and its keepers from accepting paying guests, it might even encourage them due to the notoriety, but the Player Characters are hired to stay at the villa and “…[D]estroy the heirarchy [sic] of the Villa of Menopolis from serf to lord.” This is actually at odd with the point of the scenario. What it suggests is that the Player Characters are to go the Villa of Menopolis and put everyone to the sword. This is not the case.

The Player Characters are hired by a man named ‘Socrates’ who stayed at the villa a few years earlier with his brother and saw his brother being dragged away the Gremlodwarves. He wants his brother found and the Gremlodwarves put the sword rather than everyone from serf to lord. So instead of a ‘country house dungeon’, the scenario is more akin to a ‘country house murder mystery’ and there being a trail of clues which the Player Characters can follow to have it lead them to the dungeons of the Gremlodwarves below the villa. Some of the villa staff are aware of the creatures’ activities, whilst others have their own agendas, so there is a little more to investigate at the villa than the Gremlodwarves, though not much. Further, the clue path to follow is linear, but ideally the Dungeon Master should be able to adjust as necessary to keep the players and their characters interested and involved.

The Gremlodwarves are a cross between Gremlins and dwarves, so they are silly. Otherwise, the scenario provides lots of decent NPCs for the Dungeon Master to roleplay, a good map of the villa, and serviceable descriptions of its various locations. Names and so on are kept purposefully odd to encourage the Dungeon Master to replace them with her own. ‘The Villa of Menopolis’ is far from being a bad scenario, but it is a huge improvement over the competition dungeons of the first two issues, encouraging roleplaying and investigation before the exploration and the butchery! The truth is, The Beholder would go on to publish many well received scenarios—as evidenced by Fantasie Scenarios – The Fanzine Supplement No. 2—but ‘The Villa of Menopolis’ is a reasonable sign of things to come.

‘Viewpoint: D&D Languages and the Trickster’ by John Norris is a response to both the Trickster Character Class and its ability to have a command of languages and the way languages are handled in Dungeons & Dragons in general. With its one Common tongue spoken by all and all the same, its alignment languages that never vary, and everyone and anyone having their own language, Norris simply does not find the treatment of languages to be credible in Dungeons & Dragons or the Class. His solution is to create a family of languages and have dialects play a role too, so that, for example, an archaic version of language might serve as a language for diplomacy and the educated, whilst others might be used as secret guild or temple languages. He suggests restricting the number of languages known by most NPCs and Player Characters, primarily due to geography, age, and intelligence. As to the Trickster Class, he turns them into a combination of Thief, translator, and animal trainer. The treatment of the Trickster is rather brief in comparison to the general treatment of languages, which will have a limiting effect on communication and travel if implemented, but it could be used to enhance world-building.

Lastly, ‘Definitions Of Non-Magical Treasure: Gems’ builds on the inclusion of material components for various spells in Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, First Edition, to provide a means of creating the type and value of first gems, and then jewellery. This is before the release of the Dungeon Master’s Guide, so it would have been quickly superseded, but until then it would have been useful enough.

Physically, The Beholder, Issue 3 is slightly untidy in places, but readable. The layout is tight and that does make it difficult to read in places. The illustrations and the cartography is not actually that bad. Of course, every issue of the fanzine was published when personal publishing was still analogue and the possibilities of the personal computer and personal desktop publishing were yet to come. In the case of The Beholder that would never be taken advantage of.

The Beholder has a high reputation for content that is of good quality and playable. The Beholder, Issue 3 does not yet match that reputation, but there are signs there of what is to come. The inclusion of a non-competition dungeon with a scenario that places an emphasis on interaction and investigation, points the direction in which future issues will go, and whilst its alternative spell casting rules are typical of the time when the issue was published, they could be used today. With The Beholder, Issue 3, the fanzine begins to show promise.

[Fanzine Focus XXXV] Strange Visitors to the City

On the tail of the Old School Renaissance has come another movement—the rise of the fanzine. Although the fanzine—a nonprofessional and nonofficial publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon, got its start in Science Fiction fandom, in the gaming hobby it first started with Chess and Diplomacy fanzines before finding fertile ground in the roleplaying hobby in the 1970s. Here these amateurish publications allowed the hobby a public space for two things. First, they were somewhere that the hobby could voice opinions and ideas that lay outside those of a game’s publisher. Second, in the Golden Age of roleplaying when the Dungeon Masters were expected to create their own settings and adventures, they also provided a rough and ready source of support for the game of your choice. Many also served as vehicles for the fanzine editor’s house campaign and thus they showed another DM and group played said game. This would often change over time if a fanzine accepted submissions. Initially, fanzines were primarily dedicated to the big three RPGs of the 1970s—Dungeons & Dragons, RuneQuest, and Traveller—but fanzines have appeared dedicated to other RPGs since, some of which helped keep a game popular in the face of no official support.

Since 2008 with the publication of Fight On #1, the Old School Renaissance has had its own fanzines. The advantage of the Old School Renaissance is that the various Retroclones draw from the same source and thus one Dungeons & Dragons-style RPG is compatible with another. This means that the contents of one fanzine will be compatible with the Retroclone that you already run and play even if not specifically written for it. Labyrinth Lord and Lamentations of the Flame Princess Weird Fantasy Roleplay have proved to be popular choices to base fanzines around, as has Swords & Wizardry. A more recent retroclone of choice to support has been Mörk Borg.

Published in November, 2020, Strange Visitors to the City is one of three similar fanzines released by Philip Reed Games as a result of the Strange Citizens of the City Kickstarter campaign, the others being Strange Inhabitants of the Forest and Strange Citizens of the City It follows on from the publisher’s Delayed Blast Gamemaster fanzine, by presenting a set of tables upon which the Game Master can roll and bring in elements to her game. Whilst Delayed Blast Gamemaster detailed monsters, environments, and more, with a cover which reads, “Roll 2d6 and say hello to Evil”, Strange Visitors to the City is all about the encounter and all about encounters with evil coming to the city, the cover reading, “Roll 2d6 and Greet a Visitor”. For Mörk Borg, the city can most obviously be that of Galgenbeck in the land of Tveland, but it need not be, instead any city with a dark seamy underbelly where the strange is accepted and allowed to fester.

Strange Visitors to the City follows the format of Strange Inhabitants of the Forest and Strange Citizens of the City, consisting of four tables—or rather sets of entries—which populate and add detail to a large location, in this case, as with Strange Citizens of the City, a nameless city. In fact, Strange Visitors to the City is really a companion to Strange Citizens of the City, complementing it with another array of ghouls and grotesques, this time visitants and vermin passing in and out of the city gates. The issue opens with the eponymous ‘Strange Visitors to the City’ which presents a table of mostly villains or villain-like NPCs to be encountered in and about the city. Each is given their own two-page spread, with a large illustration, a full page of text providing background, and of course, notes and stats. The notes typically suggest how much money the Player Characters might make from their loot or handing in proof of their deaths, though not always—as the number of ‘No Reward’ entries suggest.

The entries include Sava Yegorovich, Collector of Soiled Souls, a legless traveller wreathed in toxic smoke, who visits the city on an arcanomechanical contraption to purchase vials containing soiled souls for his dreadful experiments that carries out in his laboratory deep in the forest. Babatyev Ilyich, Escaped Killer from Elsewhen, an extraplanar murderer who travels from world to world, killing, and then escaping to the next, though this time he is trapped, his route elsewhere having been destroyed. Now he is wanted by the authorities and there is a bounty on his head which grows as the number of bodies pile up, so there is a rush to find him. He usually attacks with his talons, but he can unleash a nightmarish fiend from the portal in his stomach! Nicolas Mocanu, Wizard of the Woods, rarely visits the city, but only does so when he needs spell and alchemical ingredients and components, and since he is short of time, he will hire likely adventurers to find them for him—and will pay handsomely if they do. The entry includes a list of some twenty items, like a Troll’s eye or the mummified remains of a beloved pet, each one a spur to entice the Player Characters to action.

Not all of the entries describe the vile and the villainous, though there are a number of visitors of extraplanar origins, murderers or not—and plenty of those. Otherwise, the less threatening includes Svetlana Botnari, Unliving Seamstress, travels to the city every full moon, and earns money with needle and thread, but is undead and the needles are her fingers, but despite this, her skills and speed are highly valued. Further, she is friendly, and is willing to hire adventurers prepared to protect her undead kin from raiders on the value where they live. Which means that the Player Characters might be protecting the undead from the living! Richards and Roger, a Ruffian and a Gentleman, are a pair of ordinary fish, magically transformed, enlarged, and enhanced, though without legs—instead they each wear a suit of armour with the necessary legs—and with their master and creator dead, they have taken up residence in the city. One works as a hired thug and goon, the other a gentleman trader, but are otherwise inseparable. They are easily found in the city, meeting up in a tavern to catch on their activities of the day.

‘Strange Visitors to the City’ takes up over half of Strange Visitors to the City. It presents a collection of monsters and the monstrous, many of them evil in nature, and if not that, evil looking. They are invariably challenging opponents should the Player Characters go after then for their bounty, if there is one, that is. As with Strange Citizens of the City before it, the entries described in the ‘Strange Visitors to the City’ table—and elsewhere in the fanzine—do all feel as if they would fit in the one city. A dark twisted city with a Slavic feel where arcanotech, a mixture of magic and technology is available.

‘Strange Visitors to the City’ is followed by a shorter table. This is ‘1d6 Unusual Places’, a companion piece to the ‘1d8 Places in the City’ in Strange Citizens of the City. They include Jelena Romanovna’s Home for Orphans, a three-storey tower where wayward children are taken in and unfortunately beaten until they accept training as pickpockets and thieves. The Broken Clock Tower, a spire located deep in the city centre, long abandoned and in a state of disrepair, such that some have called for it to be pulled down and replaced, but moans and the rattling of chains from within indicate that someone or something is using it still, but who? Adventurer and raconteur, Godzimir Mazur, has won a former gambling hall and turned it into coffee shop, but he has no head for business and it is failing. Can he be helped or would he be happier just to sell up?

‘4d6 Rumours’ suggests things that the Player Characters might hear in taverns or down alleys, such as the ‘fact’ that Jelena Romanovna’s Home for Orphans is also the location of a black market every week or two; the burning of a red candle attracts the evil spirits of the dead, so anyone doing so is clearly an agent of death and destruction; or that if anyone who easts a sacred scroll is forever transformed into a being of unimageable power capable of surviving any encounter with evil. Plus, the scrolls taste great when smeared with honey! Some of the rumours connect to other entries in Strange Visitors to the City, but most do not. All will require some development by the Game Master.

Lastly, ‘2d4 Hired Goons’ presents another collection of hirelings, simply detailed and each with a special trait, such as ‘Conniving’ or ‘Experienced’. Few are obviously beneficial, such as the ‘Underworld Knowledge’ of Lukas Hofstetter, who can help the Player Characters find information about crime and criminals for a price, but most are not. Darin Masur is ‘Bloodthirsty’ and has trouble ending a fight or a battle if any opponents are still alive, and might even turn on his allies! He has a hatred of the city guard too and that is likely to get him into trouble as well as those who hired him. All seven NPCs are ready to drop into the city.

Physically, Strange Visitors to the City is very nicely presented. Although it makes strong use of colour, it uses a softer palette than Mörk Borg, but scratchier and stranger, though still easier on the eye. The artwork throughout is excellent.

Strange Visitors to the City is a set in some strange city where twisted men and women and other things lurk in the side streets, where great evil hides behind populism, and arcanotech is put to dark uses. It is the same city as populated in Strange Citizens of the City, and whilst it is a standalone title, Strange Visitors to the City strongly complements it. Although intended for use with Mörk Borg—and it shares the same doom-laden sensibility—the contents of Strange Visitors to the City would work with any retroclone or be easily adapted to the roleplaying game of the Game Master’s choice. However, they do all feel as if they live in the same city, a city waiting to be detailed. Perhaps a city that Philip Reed Games could detail in a future fanzine? In the meantime, Strange Visitors to the City is an entertaining and useful collection of NPCs and encounters for the Grimdark roleplaying game of the Game Master’s choice.

Cthulhu ‘Old Style’ like its 1981

The first thing that you notice about Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is how surprisingly white and colourful it is. There is bold use of colour in its chapter headings and then the rest of the book is simple, black on white text. Which gives it a clean, modern aesthetic, that is, of course, easy to read, but also in keeping with the setting for Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition. That setting is the modern day of the here and now because just like H.P. Lovecraft set his stories in his time, so the Game Master’s scenarios are, by default, set in her time. This does not mean that Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition cannot be set in other historical periods, but the modern day is the default. Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is the roleplaying game of Lovecraftian investigative horror, which means it pitches ordinary men and women in extraordinary situations and confronts them with the true sanity-leeching mysteries of the universe as portrayed in the stories by H.P. Lovecraft. For its mechanics, it uses The Black Hack, Second Edition, the player-facing retroclone originally published in 2016. Lastly, the simple layout and use of colour allows the artwork of Paul Tomes and Andrés Sáez Martínez to really stand out.

Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is published by Just Crunch Games following a successful Kickstarter campaign. Notably content for both editions of the roleplaying game is compatible and the roleplaying game is designed for quick and easy play, especially Investigator creation. After an introduction and a decent example of play, Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition wastes very little time in explaining the rules. For its core mechanic, whenever a Player Character—or Investigator—wants to take an action against a threat that will either hurt or hinder the Investigator, his player makes a Save against an appropriate attribute by rolling under it. If the roll is successful, the Investigator avoids the Threat, but suffers its consequences if his player roles equal to the attribute or higher. This is always player-facing, so whenever an Investigator wants to punch a cultist, his player will roll a Save against his Investigator’s Strength, but to avoid the cultist punching the Investigator, his player would roll a Save against his Investigator’s Dexterity. Depending upon the situation the player can also run with Advantage or Disadvantage.

The investigative aspect of Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is handled via Resources. These categorised into three types—Investigative, Sanity, and Supplies. All types of Resource work in the same way. Each is represented by a die type. When a Resource check is called for, the Resource die is rolled. If the result is a one or a two, the Resource suffers a Break, meaning that the Resource is partially used up. Eventually the Resource die is stepped down to a four-sided die and when that suffers a Break, it is completely used up and thus Broken. Investigative Resources are divided between Smokes and Flashlights. Flashlights are divided into Smokes and Flashlights. Flashlights are used to get clues through studying, finding clues, spotting things, and so on, whilst Smokes cover gaining clues via interaction, financial means, or connections. When a one or a two is rolled on either Investigative Resource, a clue is still found, but something bad happens to the Investigator. When Flashlights is Broken, the Investigator is burned out and exhausted, whilst when Smokes is Broken the Investigator has brought too much attention upon himself.

In terms of running and playing the game, Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition lays its principles for both the Game Master and the player early on. For the former, this includes giving out plenty of information, setting the stakes when the Investigators are faced by threats, giving them opportunities and choices, and so on, whilst for the latter, to be a part of the story and support the other Investigators’ role in the story, to investigate and ask questions, to focus on survival rather than fighting, and more. Much of this will be familiar to veterans of Lovecraftian investigative horror, but not everyone is, so the advice here is more than welcome.

An Investigator in Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition has six Saves (or attributes)—Strength, Dexterity, Constitution, Wisdom, Intelligence, and Charisma—that are rated between three and eighteen. He also has four Resources— Hit Die, Sanity, Flashlights, and Smokes—and various Benefits, including a Skill, and various Assets. Two methods of creating an Investigator are provided. Freeform gives the widest choice, but the simplest method is to pick one of the roleplaying game’s six Archetypes. There are six Archetypes—Adventurer, Bruiser, Performer, Philanthropist, Ruffian, and Scholar. Each determines the Resource die values for an Investigator’s Resources, gives a single Special Ability and lets the player choose another from a choice of three, and either rolls for or chooses an Occupation and an associated skill. There is actually a lot of flexibility within each Archetype, so that an Adventurer can be an Archaeologist or an Aviator, but he could also an Aristocrat or a Sales Rep.

Henry Brinded
Strength 13 Dexterity 12 Constitution 10 Wisdom 15 Intelligence 18 Charisma 11
Sanity D10 Flashlights D12 Smokes D10 Hit Die D4 Armed 1 Unarmed 1
Hit Points: 4
Special Abilities: Iron Mind, Deduction, Erudite
Occupation: Academic
Skill: Language (Latin)

An Investigator is meant to be fragile, although as a group, Investigators do have access to a pool of Fortune Points which allow a failed Save or Resource check to be rerolled. Combat follows from the core rules and in spite of Investigators having access to Fortune Points, enforces their fragility. They have relatively few Hit Points, weapons can be deadly, and armour is rare.

Sanity is handled as a Resource die in Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition. When an Investigator is confronted with something truly terrifying or the effects of the Mythos and the Investigator’s Sanity suffers a Break, it indicates that he has encountered something so hideous or unreal that he has temporarily lost his connection with reality. Sanity being Broken means that the Investigator has lost focus or is overwhelmed by the alienness of what he is confronted with. The Investigator becomes permanently insane when the number of times a Sanity Break occurs equals the Resource die for his Sanity. However, not all horror is equal, and it is possible to suffer a Shock instead of an incidence of Insanity when his Sanity suffers a Break.

The moments when an Investigator is likely to be at his most fragile is in confronting the Mythos. Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition does not include an extensive list of Mythos entities and creatures. It goes even further by not actually including stats for several of the Old Ones, but instead discusses their relationship with humanity (or in some cases, humanity’s ‘supposed’ relationship with them). This moves the seven discussed—Azathoth, Cthulhu, Hastur, Nodens, Nyarlathoptep, Shub-Niggurath, and Yog-Sothoth—into narrative roles rather than something that can be physically defeated. Only eight lesser creatures and races are given more detail, both in terms of background and mechanics. Traditional Mythos creatures such as the Deep Ones, Elder Things, Ghoul-Kin, Rhan-Tegoth, Shambler, Shoggoth, and Yuggothi, are joined by the Deathless, the equivalent of Keziah Mason from ‘The Dreams of the Witch-House’ and its antagonist. All of these are given nicely detailed descriptions and an excellent illustration. In each case, their stats are very simply presented, there is a note as to their motivation, and their origins, purpose, and allegiances are discussed, along with options and variants. It is interesting to note that Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition makes clear that Deep Ones are not the equivalent of Orcs or Goblins in the Cthulhu Mythos.

Both Mythos tomes and artefacts in Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition work in a fashion similar to Mythos antagonists. Each volume or item is measured by its Index, representing both the potency of its content and the danger it represents to the reader; Ire is the attention garnered by its possession—and especially—the use its lore, power, or spells; and Lore the ‘benefit’ gained from the successful study or use of it. The latter might a modifier to a Save, an Advantage on a later Save, a Skill, one or more Spells, and so on. In the case of the Index and Ire factors, the Investigator will need to make a Save against them. Failure in the case of Index means that the Investigator suffers a Shock and in the case of Ire, a failure means that the attention and scrutiny of cultists or other forces of the Mythos has been drawn to the tome or artefact and thus to the Investigator. This can lead to more direct encounters with them or set up difficulties in the story later on, meaning that Ire and a failure to Save against it has narrative rather than mechanical consequences. One thing not explored here are Mythos artefacts—the focus is entirely on tomes rather than objects.

The list of Mythos tomes avoids the classics of Lovecraftian investigative horror, so no Necronomicon, De Vermiis Mysteriis, or Unausprechlichen Kulten. There are several quite detailed examples though and tables for the Game Master to create her own. In terms of spells, there is a mix of the familiar and unfamiliar. Thus, there is The Voorish Sign and Elder Sign alongside Deceiver’s Charm and Cyclopean Shift. Of course, knowing and casting magic has consequences. Knowing any spells automatically imposes a reduction in the Resource die for an Investigator’s Sanity and casting spells requires a personal sacrifice, there being the possibility of an Investigator losing a point from of his six Saves. In addition, casting a spell triggers a save against the Ire of that spell, potentially attracting the attention of the cultists and other Mythos entities. Magic in Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is deadly and dangerous, and its use is definitely not for the faint-hearted.

The scenario in Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is ‘Save Innsmouth’. This is an expansion and development of Save Innsmouth: A Student Documentary. It is specifically written to be run in two hours, but is easily expanded to run in a longer, fuller session. In line with the rest of the roleplaying game, it is set in the modern day, taking place in Lovecraft Country in New England in the modern day, specifically in and around Innsmouth. In the short version, it begins en media res, with the Investigators trapped in the tunnels and caverns of the blighted town, decades ago shattered by the 1928 FBI raid. Already bruised and battered—and low on Resources—they must find their out of their rough and rancid prison, hunted by a strange creature… In the longer version, the Investigators, students at Miskatonic University and members of its Miskatonic Heritage Club, have travelled to Innsmouth, first by bus and then by hiking, in order to examine and photograph the pre-Prohibition town before it is completely bulldozed to make way for a health spa. It is a scenario in two parts. The bulk of its investigation is done in the journey to Innsmouth, whilst the action takes place in the second part, the imprisonment, which is what is played out in the shorter version of the scenario. If there is an issue with the scenario it is that the author talks about it for four pages before actually telling what the scenario is about. This is frustrating, although the information given in those four pages is both relevant and useful.

Lastly, Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition gives a short discussion of campaigns, supporting it with a series of tables of prompts and pointers that can be used to bring the Investigators and get them sufficiently intrigued by a mystery to want to investigate. These are good starting points which the Game Master will of course, have to develop. It also introduces the concept of Remnants, the consequences of encountering the Mythos upon an Investigator’s personality. Roleplaying these will reward the players as a whole with an extra Fortune Point.

Physically, Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is nicely presented. It needs a slight edit, but is very accessible, clean, and tidy, and the artwork is excellent. This does include some artwork generated by MidJourney AI, but the publisher has made a charitable donation to the Artists’ General Benevolent Institution.

Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is a streamlined and cleaner presentation of the earlier, The Cthulhu Hack, much like Old School Essentials is a cleaner and more accessible update of the Basic Dungeons & Dragons designed by Tom Moldvay. It is not just cleaner and more accessible, the book itself is handier and easy to use. The downside of that is that it is not comprehensive in its treatment of the Mythos, but it is complete in and of itself. In play, the consistency of the rules, especially Resources, means that an investigation becomes one where every effort matters, not just facing the Mythos, since there is a chance of depletion, of a Break, each time an effort is made towards the investigation. Thus, the consequences of an investigation are wider than mere loss of Sanity and the tension of looking into mysteries is prevalent throughout an investigation rather than in just the confrontation with the Mythos.

Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is an excellent redesign and reimplantation of The Cthulhu Hack. It provides a solid introduction to Lovecraftian investigative roleplaying and for any looking for a Old School Renaissance compatible roleplaying game dealing with the Cthulhu Mythos, Cthulhu Hack, Second Edition is the obvious choice.

[Fanzine Focus XXXIV] The Beholder Issue 2

On the tail of the Old School Renaissance has come another movement—the rise of the fanzine. Although the fanzine—a nonprofessional and nonofficial publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon, got its start in Science Fiction fandom, in the gaming hobby it first started with Chess and Diplomacy fanzines before finding fertile ground in the roleplaying hobby in the 1970s. Here these amateurish publications allowed the hobby a public space for two things. First, they were somewhere that the hobby could voice opinions and ideas that lay outside those of a game’s publisher. Second, in the Golden Age of roleplaying when the Dungeon Masters were expected to create their own settings and adventures, they also provided a rough and ready source of support for the game of your choice. Many also served as vehicles for the fanzine editor’s house campaign and thus they showed another Dungeon Master and group played said game. This would often change over time if a fanzine accepted submissions. Initially, fanzines were primarily dedicated to the big three RPGs of the 1970s—Dungeons & Dragons, RuneQuest, and Traveller—but fanzines have appeared dedicated to other RPGs since, some of which helped keep a game popular in the face of no official support.

Since 2008 with the publication of Fight On #1, the Old School Renaissance has had its own fanzines. The advantage of the Old School Renaissance is that the various Retroclones draw from the same source and thus one Dungeons & Dragons-style RPG is compatible with another. This means that the contents of one fanzine will be compatible with the Retroclone that you already run and play even if not specifically written for it. Labyrinth Lord and Lamentations of the Flame Princess Weird Fantasy Roleplay have proved to be popular choices to base fanzines around, as has Swords & Wizardry. As new fanzines have appeared, there has been an interest in the fanzines of the past, and as that interest has grown, they have become highly collectible, and consequently more difficult to obtain and write about. However, in writing about them, the reader should be aware that these fanzines were written and published between thirty and forty years ago, typically by roleplayers in their teens and twenties. What this means is that sometimes the language and terminology used reflects this and though the language and terminology is not socially acceptable today, that use should not be held against the authors and publishers unduly.

The Beholder was a British fanzine first published in April, 1979. Dedicated to Dungeons & Dragons and Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, it ran to twenty-seven issues, the last being published in July, 1981. It was popular and would be awarded ‘Best Games Fanzine’ at the Games Day convention in 1980. After the final issue of The Beholder, the editors would go on to release a number of anthologies which collected content from the complete run of the fanzine such as Beholder Supplement Glossary of Magic, which collected many of the magical items which appeared in the fanzine and collated them into a series of tables for easy use by the Dungeon Master, and Fantasie Scenarios – The Fanzine Supplement No. 2, the first of several scenario anthologies.

The Beholder Issue 2 was published in May 1979—the same month as Margaret Thatcher was first elected Prime Minister. Its contents follow the same pattern as set by The Beholder Issue 1—a new Class, some new monsters, spells, and magical items, along with a competition dungeon. There are other articles and not all of them for Dungeons & Dragons. The new Class is ‘The Loner’, which mixes the abilities of the Thief, the Ranger, and the Monk, so inspired by Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, First Edition. The aim is to create a Player Character who has a broad range of skills and abilities and is thus capable without being a specialist, suited for play with small groups or solo play. Members of the Class will not join groups numbering more than five and cannot be Lawful in Alignment. He does not wear armour or use a shield, but his natural Armour Class improves as he gains Levels. For the most part, the Class’ abilities make sense, such as combining the Hide in Shadows and Move Silently skills of the Thief Class into Stalk, Track from the Ranger, Resist Cold, and so on, but there are aspects which make less sense. For example, Infravision, Wilful Healing, and eventually, Fly. Overall, the Class does not feel particularly coherent.

The only article not about Dungeons & Dragons is ‘Traveller’, for the roleplaying game of the same name. The article opens with a compliant that the Science Fiction roleplaying game is not as complete as Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, First Edition. However, it does offer an interesting use for the Computer skill, which it points is not useful until the Player Characters obtain a spaceship. This the ‘Programmable SMG’. When attached to its tripod, a program on a cassette can be inserted to provide one of four firing modes—continuous, fire at any movement, fire at any humanoid, or fire at anyone in a police uniform! The last cassette is highly illegal. It highlights the state of technology, what was thought technology could be in 1979, and the state of technology in Traveller was then, it is very clunky. Other additions include different types of grenade, such as High Explosive, Smoke, and Vapourisation, the latter being the equivalent of the disintegration. Lastly, the article notes that lasers are either very powerful or very weak, depending on the armour worn by the target. Reflec armour makes it impossible for the target to be hot, but anything else almost guarantees it. Instead, the author points out that lasers do not work in the rain, so either change the weather or if indoors, turn on the sprinkler system!

‘Monster Summoning’ describes six monsters. They include the ‘Catilae’, like a centaur, but replace the horse body with that of a centaur; the ‘Albatross’, which if killed inflicts a nasty, nasty curse; the ‘Vampirebat’, which is exactly what you think it is; and the ‘Ohm’, a terahedron—or three-sided pyramid—shaped creature with an eye and a tentacle in each face. Given the name, it should be no surprise that electricity runs through the Ohm, making it glow, and of course, hitting it with a metal weapon inflicts damage on the attacker. It feels reminiscent of the Modrons, in shape at least, which would later appear in the Planescape setting. Other monsters include the ‘Juvah’, a river or swamp dwelling creature like an Umber Hulk, but covered in a liquid that deludes its victims into thinking that they have not taken any damage; the ‘Snapdragon’ is the plant, but with dragons; head; and the ‘Mofe’, a humanoid of foam whose attacks deplete the victim’s Intelligence. None of the monsters are very interesting or sophisticated, but they are typical of the sort that might be found in a fanzine, being more  designed to test and surprise the players and their characters than anything else.

‘Thoughts on Combat’ offers suggestions to make combat in Dungeons & Dragons more interesting and sophisticated. These include bringing in player skill by getting each player to write down what their characters are going to do and sticking to it, adding critical hits and fumbles, and altering the bonus to Armour Class from Dexterity for heavier armour types. It does not go into details, merely giving suggestions. The ‘New Spells’ has four spells. These are Fuse, Block Transformation, Water Walking, and Locator, which are all self-explanatory bar Fuse, which enables a delay effect to be added to an object.

The Competition Scenario in The Beholder Issue 2 is ‘Petrarch’s Tower and the Vaults of Experimentation.’ At ten pages long, it is the longest piece in the issue. This is written for Third Level Player Characters of which eight pre-generated ones are provided, including one named ‘Westphalia’! The setting for the scenario is the Tower of Petrarch and the caves below it. The tower stands on a ledge over the Pass of Petrarch, inaccessible except by flight or through the tunnels below. The Wizard Petrarch discovered the entry into the ‘Three Thousand Steps of the Abyss’ that now lead into the Vaults of Experimentation five centuries ago, but it has been several centuries since he was last seen and the nearby authorities fear what might be found in them. Consequently, they have hired mercenaries—the Player Characters—to clear the tower and confirm that Petrarch is actually dead. The adventure is divided between the tower and the caves/tunnels below, there being more of the latter than the former. The dungeon contains some interesting rooms, like the room that Ogres have turned in a bowling alley using paralysed victims as the bowling pins, but this is very much a funhouse style dungeon with little in the way of a connected theme. The scenario ends with notes on adapting it to a Dungeon Master’s campaign and a competition points table which lists all of the points for achieving various objectives. Unfortunately, the adventure overall is too random and lacking in theme to be really interesting.

Lastly, The Beholder Issue 2 ends with ‘Magic Jar’. This describes some seventeen magical items. Much like those in the first issue of the fanzine, there are some fun entries here. For example, a Dispel Scroll has a specific spell written backwards on it. When read out it negates the nearest incident of that spell, whether that is a Player Character or an NPC elsewhere! The Automatic Sword functions like a permanent Dancing Sword, and will serve anyone who places five gems in the slots in the hilt. However, replace the gems with ones of a greater value and it will change master, so it is very mercenary! Spell Potions bottle spells and when the seal is broken, the spell infused into the potion is unleashed.

Physically, The Beholder, Issue 2 is a bit scruffy in places, but readable. The layout is tight and that does make it difficult to read in places. The illustrations and the cartography is not actually that bad. Of course, every issue of the fanzine was published when personal publishing was still analogue and the possibilities of the personal computer and personal desktop publishing were yet to come. In the case of The Beholder that would never be taken advantage of.

The Beholder has a high reputation for content that is of good quality and playable. The Beholder, Issue 2 does not yet match that reputation, let alone alone meet its own high standards in this second issue. The monsters still fail to excite and again, the given scenario is playable, but without any real purpose except to see if one playing group is better than another. That said, the design of it is better than the Competition Scenario in The Beholder, Issue 1 and this sort of dungeon dates from a time in player lives when play was enough rather than necessarily requiring a good reason. Overall, The Beholder, Issue 2 still feels like a typical fanzine of the period, not quite yet developing into the highly regarded fanzine to come.

[Fanzine Focus XXXII] The Beholder Issue 1

On the tail of Old School Renaissance has come another movement—the rise of the fanzine. Although the fanzine—a nonprofessional and nonofficial publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon, got its start in Science Fiction fandom, in the gaming hobby it first started with Chess and Diplomacy fanzines before finding fertile ground in the roleplaying hobby in the 1970s. Here these amateurish publications allowed the hobby a public space for two things. First, they were somewhere that the hobby could voice opinions and ideas that lay outside those of a game’s publisher. Second, in the Golden Age of roleplaying when the Dungeon Masters were expected to create their own settings and adventures, they also provided a rough and ready source of support for the game of your choice. Many also served as vehicles for the fanzine editor’s house campaign and thus they showcased how another DM and group played said game. This would often change over time if a fanzine accepted submissions. Initially, fanzines were primarily dedicated to the big three RPGs of the 1970s—Dungeons & Dragons, RuneQuest, and Traveller—but fanzines have appeared dedicated to other RPGs since, some of which helped keep a game popular in the face of no official support.

Since 2008 with the publication of Fight On #1, the Old School Renaissance has had its own fanzines. The advantage of the Old School Renaissance is that the various Retroclones draw from the same source and thus one Dungeons & Dragons-style RPG is compatible with another. This means that the contents of one fanzine will be compatible with the Retroclone that you already run and play even if not specifically written for it. Labyrinth Lord and Lamentations of the Flame Princess Weird Fantasy Roleplay have proved to be popular choices to base fanzines around, as has Swords & Wizardry. As new fanzines have appeared, there has been an interest in the fanzines of the past, and as that interest has grown, they have become highly collectible, and consequently more difficult to obtain and write about. However, in writing about them, the reader should be aware that these fanzines were written and published between thirty and forty years ago, typically by roleplayers in their teens and twenties. What this means is that sometimes the language and terminology used reflects this and though the language and terminology is not socially acceptable today, that use should not be held against the authors and publishers unduly.

The Beholder was a British fanzine first published in April, 1979. Dedicated to Dungeons & Dragons and Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, it ran to twenty-seven issues, the last being published in July, 1981. It was popular and would be awarded ‘Best Games Fanzine’ at the Games Day convention in 1980. After the final issue of The Beholder, the editors would go on to release a number of anthologies which collected content from the complete run of the fanzine such as Beholder Supplement Glossary of Magic, which collected many of the magical items which appeared in the fanzine and collated them into a series of tables for easy use by the Dungeon Master, and Fantasie Scenarios – The Fanzine Supplement No. 2, the first of several scenario anthologies.

Opening with its editorial, editors Guy Duke and Michael Stoner set out their stall. The Beholder was intended to be printed monthly, it was dedicated to Dungeons & Dragons, although content for other roleplaying games such as Chivalry & Sorcery and Traveller might creep in, and whilst it would accept contributions, they state that, “we will only print what we consider to be good quality stuff, take note: we are not an APA.” (Amateur Press Association). This a comment upon the poor quality of such periodicals in that they would accept any old thing. The editors also promised to include a ‘competition dungeon’ in each issue as that would be more useful than a mini-dungeon as they would not necessarily fit in the Dungeon Master’s world and severe changes would have to be made for them to do so. What they mean by a ‘competition dungeon’ is one designed to be played as part of a tournament at a convention with pre-generated Player Characters, for example, classics such as S1 Tomb of Horrors and Goodman Games’ own Dungeon Crawl Classics #13: Crypt of the Devil Lich—more recently updated for use with Dungeon Crawl Classics. However, this was not a policy that they would adhere to and later issues included standard adventures and dungeons.

Actual content for The Beholder Issue 1 begins with a new Class, ‘The Trickster’. This was designed to countering the Thief being too weak at high Levels when compared to spell-casting Classes. The Class combines certain Thief abilities with spellcasting and the Trick ability. The Thief abilities are limited to Pick Pockets, Hear Noise, Open Locks, and Climb Walls, and the Trickster’s spells are set per Level. Thus the Trickster knows Ventriloquism at First Level, Charm Person at Second Level, and so on. Only once a Trickster reaches Eleventh Level, does he get to choose his spells. That said, the spells are useful to his role, rather than offering the flexibility of choice of the Magic-User. Modified by Level, Charisma, shared Alignment, and Hit Dice of victim, the Trick ability is a percentile skill which when successfully rolled can Distract, Stall, Befriend, Confuse, or Convince that victim. The Class is a mish-mash, but modified to be highly vocal and interactive, rather than relying upon force or other means. It is an interesting design which would work well in social or urban situations, but might not be suitable for the dungeon. Nevertheless, it provides an archetype that fills a role not present in Dungeons & Dragons.

‘Spells: Use & Misuse’ is the first of three thoughtful and interesting articles in The Beholder Issue 1. This looks at how players find loopholes in the use of spells to create inventive, and typically more powerful, uses of a spell than the designers originally intended. For example, Reduce, the reverse of the spell, Enlarge, is incredibly powerful, enabling the Magic-User to temporarily destroy something and so gain an advantage. In addition, it can be used to reduce the size of a door in its door frame and so bypass a door barred with Wizard Lock, reduce the size of a hole to trap a monster, and so on. It highlights spells that last until triggered, such as Explosive Runes, are a pain for the Dungeon Master to deal with, and suggests the damage inflicted when Explosive Runes are triggered be reduced over time when the object the spell is cast on, for example, the Magic-User’s spell book, is carried about. ‘View Point’ begins with the line, “In D&D the unusual becomes the norm.” In other words, the Player Characters quickly adapt to a situation or monster and find ready means to handle them each time they encounter said monsters. For example, knowing that Ochre Jellies will divide if attacked by swords and that Rust Monsters are best faced wearing leather armour and wielding clubs. In other words, the mystery of play is not only lost for the players, but also for the Dungeon Master, who will rarely be surprised by the actions of their Player Characters. The solution is surprises. So new monsters, items, tricks, traps, and so on. That though, is the traditional response. The article also suggests having the player select his Magic-User’s spells in secret from the Dungeon Master in order to surprise her in play, which is a radical step. It is supported by an amusing example of play. The other suggestion is more obvious and that is to create unusual encounters. Some fun ones thrown out here include, “A djinni with hayfever, a cowardly dragon, a short giant, a lost minotaur.”

In between the second and third of the interesting articles in The Beholder Issue 1 is ‘Monster Summoning’. This is a collection of of some seven First Level monsters. It includes creatures like the Kobold-like ‘Deep’, whose claws have the same effect as the Slow spell, the ‘Dala’, a living dagger which can swim or fly and charges its victim to poison him on the first attack; the ‘Pigwidgeon’, being pigfaced humanoids like the then pigfaced Orcs, notable only for their use of the bolas; and ‘Malnutrite’, long-haired, pot-bellied, dirty humanoids who smell, seek out, and ask for food. If they are not given it, they will attack, and if killed, their slayer suffers a random curse. The only creature of any interest is the ‘Gop’, wasp-like insects that infest dungeons and are actually harmless except for the fact that they eat anything, but especially wolvesbane, garlic, and belladonna. These monsters fall under the category of monsters for monsters’ sake, designed to intrigue and surprise the players and their characters with something new. None of the monsters are interesting. In fact, they are boring. By modern standards, the depiction of Orcs and thus Pigwidgeon is controversial, even offensive, but then The Beholder Issue one was published over forty years ago. By the standards of The Beholder, as set out in the editorial, ‘Monster Summoning’ fails to meet its own standards.

Fortunately, ‘Thoughts on Treasure’ rights this first issue of The Beholder on its course and completes its trilogy of genuinely interesting and thoughtful articles. The article is based on the importance in early Dungeons & Dragons of treasure and loot as a source of Experience Points and asks why limbless creatures such as a giant snake would have treasure, let alone keep it in a chest, and why Chaotic Evil monsters possess Lawful Good treasures? Suggestions include it being on the body of victims, of lesser monsters serving bigger monsters and having mundane abilities such as tool use! More intriguing is the possibility of trade, so that monsters might be holding a magical item that they cannot use in order to trade for something better. Trade means that the Player Characters should be able to interact with them other than fighting and lesser monsters serving bigger monsters means that dungeon design and the dungeon population process can be less random, more thoughtful, and even establish an ecology of sorts. Also discussed is the inflationary effect of treasure and loot as a source of Experience Points, as it means dungeons have to be stocked with increasing amount of coin and the Player Characters no longer needing mules to carry everything back to civilisation, but mule trains and then wagon trains! The solution given is reduce the amount of coin found and increase its Experience Point value by the same amount. Overall, an interesting look at a style of play and its inherent problems that would have been highly relevant back then.

The competition dungeon in The Beholder Issue 1 is ‘Pyrus Complex’. This is for five Player Characters of Fourth and Fifth Levels, and comes with eight pre-generated Player Characters. Written for use with Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, it describes a small, twenty-five location dungeon, a set of natural caverns that have been extended and expanded by a pair of adventurers, now long gone. Unfortunately, as a ‘competition’ dungeon, it does not make a lot of sense. It is populated in semi-random fashion—there is a Hobgoblin guard post, but no Hobgoblins anywhere else in the dungeon, caves filled with acidic water next to cave filled with non-acidic water, a tropical woodland whose only purpose is to charm the Player Characters, have them charge through thorns and underbrush for minimal damage—and that is it, a labyrinth for making mapping difficult, and so on. When it comes to the points awarded for completing certain tasks, they do not always make sense, such as gambling with an elephant in the Mites’ treasury. There are Carnivorous Apes locked up there, but no elephant. The dungeon comes across as a cross between B1 In Search of the Unknown and S1 Tomb of Horrors. There is no reason to play or use this dungeon, except to see how many points can be scored at the end and the scenario advocates doing this. Playing it with one group after another to compare their points’ totals. Which is potentially fun for the Dungeon Master, but how many times would she want to run this? It should be noted that as a ‘competition dungeon’, the set time limit for ‘Pyrus Complex’ is sixty Turns or ten hours. So roughly two to three sessions with penalties for the competition points if the allotted time is exceeded. Lastly, it lacks the short account of a ‘guinea pig’ party’s exploits—or ‘Competition Chronicles’—which was a potential inclusion for this and future ‘Competition Dungeons’ in The Beholder, which might have alleviated the tedious nature of the dungeon’s design.

There is no hook or reason to enter, especially if it was placed in a campaign world. Random and pointless, the good news is that future dungeons and adventures in the pages of The Beholder would be vastly superior to this unmitigated morass of ill-thought-out and dully executed ideas.

Rounding out The Beholder Issue 1 is ‘Magic Jar’. This is a collection of nineteen magical items. There are some nice items here, such as the Monk Gloves, leather gloves with a strip of metal, typically mithril or adamantine, that the unarmed monk can wear to gain extra damage and be able to strike magical creatures which require magical weapons to be attacked, and do so with the ‘Open hand’ attack. The Eyes of Viewing enable the wearer to view invisible and out-of-phase creatures, but cannot see anything in the material world when worn, the Cursed Warhammer acts like a normal Warhammer, but when thrown loops back and hits its wielder for damage—more if he is a Dwarf, Tenser’s Disc is a permanent version of the spell Tenser’s Floating Disk, and the Anti-Spell Shield can be used to absorb missile-style spells, like Magic Missile, but will do so until its capacity is exceeded and the shield breaks. The article is a good mix of magical items, some now familiar, but new then, and some even new today.

Physically, The Beholder, Issue 1 is a bit scruffy in places, but readable. The layout is tight and that does make it difficult to read in places. The illustrations and the cartography is not actually that bad. Of course, the first issue of the fanzine was published when personal publishing was still analogue and the possibilities of the personal computer and personal desktop publishing were yet to come. In the case of The Beholder that would never be taken advantage of.

The Beholder has a high reputation for content that is of good quality and playable. The Beholder, Issue 1 does not match that reputation, let alone alone meet its own high standards in this first issue. The monsters are boring and the given scenario playable, but without any real purpose except to see if one playing group is better than another and rhyme or reason to the design. Yet there are flashes of better things to come. The Trickster Class looks interesting and would be playable in the right campaign, whilst the articles are interesting and thoughtful. The Beholder Issue 1 is a promising, but not great start for what would go on to become a highly regarded and highly sort after fanzine. It is fascinating to see where it began, nevertheless.