Showing posts with label ANATOMY. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ANATOMY. Show all posts

Lines on anterior Abdominal Wall

This photo shows surface anatomy of some lines on the anterior abdominal wall like:
1-McBurney's point is halfway between the umbilicus and the ASIS ( anterior superior illiac spine ) and it is a common location where surgeons use for an incision to remove the appendix.
2-The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs down the midline of the abdomen and seperates the left and right rectus abdominus muscles.
3-The arcuate line demarcates the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath.
4-The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine, its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients.
This ligament passes between two bony points of the hip bone, the anterior superior iliac spine laterally and the pubic tubercle medially. It has an expanded medial end, the lacunar ligament.
The inguinal ligament is the thickened, recurved free inferior border of the external oblique muscle. It forms the floor of the inguinal canal along which passes the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament of the uterus in the female.

5-The linea semilunaris is a curved tendinous line placed one on either side of the rectus abdominus and corresponds with the lateral border of the rectus muscle.

Surface Anatomy of the External Ear

The external ear consists of the auricle and the external auditory canal. The helix rim arises anteriorly and inferiorly from a crus extending horizontally above the external auditory meatus, thus creating the outer frame of the auricle. The helix merges inferiorly into the cauda helices and connects to the lobule.

The region located between the crura of the antihelix is referred to as the triangular fossa, while the scapha lies between the helix and antihelix. The antihelix borders medially to the rim of the concha and the concha proper. The concha is composed of the conchal cymba superiorly and the conchal cavum inferiorly, which are separated by the helical crus and meet the antihelix at the antihelical rim. The intertragic notch separates the tragus and antitragus. The lobule does not contain cartilage and displays a variety of shapes and attachments to the adjacent cheek and scalp.

-Arterial supply : The superficial temporal and posterior auricular arteries.
-Sensory innervation : Anterior and posterior branches of the greater auricular nerve and is reinforced by the auricular temporal and lesser occipital nerves. A portion of the posterior wall of the external auditory meatus is supplied by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve.