Install Ubuntu Gutsy over network or from a hard-disk

Ubuntu can be installed using other methods as well, which might prove handy in some circumstances. For example, let's say you want to install Ubuntu on a computer that has no CD/DVD-ROM drive.

What do you do? Well, you can install Ubuntu from another machine on the network (if there is one) that will provide the installation files to other computers on the LAN, or you can install it from the hard drive if there is no LAN. For the latter solution, you will need an active Internet connection to download the Ubuntu ISO image or you can use an external hard drive as well.

Make sure you have the following requirements before you start installing Ubuntu 7.10 with the methods presented in this guide:

• Ubuntu 7.10 Alternate CD
• Ubuntu 7.10 Destktop CD
• an active network connection
• the computer's BIOS must have the 'boot from network' option activated
• access to another network machine that is already running Ubuntu

Install Ubuntu from a network server

For this task, you will need another computer that has Ubuntu installed (and working) and it's connected to the machine you want to install Ubuntu, through a LAN (Local Area Network). We will call that PC that already has Ubuntu, "Server",
and the PC on which you want to install Ubuntu, "Client".

On the Server, you will install a FTP server, a HTTP server and a DHCP server, which will allow the Client machine to connect to the server and fetch the installation files and package repositories. To install these servers, open a Terminal (Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal) and type:

sudo apt-get install tftpd-hpa apache2 dhcp3-server

Now, mount the Ubuntu 7.10 Alternative ISO image with the following commands:

cd /path-to-the-iso-image
sudo mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu
sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-7.10-alternate-i386.iso /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu (for an i386 PC)

or

sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-7.10-alternate-amd64.iso /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu (for an AMD 64/Intel 64 PC)


Make a symlink to the mounted ISO, from the Apache's root directory:

cd /var/www
sudo ln -s /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu/

If the Server has a CD/DVD-ROM drive and you already have burned the Ubuntu 7.10 Alternate ISO installation CD, insert it in the optical drive and wait for it to get auto-mounted. It will probably get mounted under the /media/cdrom path, so we will need to create symlinks for both FTP and HTTP servers. Copy and paste the following commands in a Terminal window:

sudo ln -s /media/cdrom /var/lib/tftpboot/ubuntu/
sudo ln -s /media/cdrom /var/www/ubuntu

Now, configure the DHCP daemon. Download the dhcp config file:

cd /etc/dhcp3
sudo mv dhcpd.conf dhcpd.conf.old
sudo gedit dhcpd.conf

Now copy and paste the following lines into the dhcpd.conf file:

ping-check = 1;
filename = "ubuntu/install/netboot/pxelinux.0";
subnet 192.168.1.0
netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.254;
}

Edit the following directives to match your network:

• REPLACE the subnet with your network subnet
• REPLACE the netmask with your network netmask
• REPLACE the range of IPs with the corresponding IP addresses from your network. An IP address from this range will be randomly assigned to the Client computer.

Restart the DHCP server with the following command:

sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart

At this point, your client machine is ready to boot the alternative installation ISO from the server. Power up the Client PC, enter the BIOS, search for the 'Boot from network' options (under the BOOT menu) and put it as the first boot device. Save and exit. If everything worked out well, you should see the Ubuntu installation screen and boot prompt. Install Ubuntu!


Install from hard drive

Use this method for a faster system installation and if you don't have a CD/DVD-ROM drive! For this method, you will need to have a working Ubuntu system on the computer on which you want to install the new Gutsy OS.

First of all, you need to use GParted or PartedMagic to create a new primary partition and format it to ext3. For example, let's say that the partition is /dev/sda3 (for a SATA drive) or /dev/hda3 (for a IDE drive). You will need to copy the ISO's contents over to the new partition. Open a Terminal (Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal) and type:

mkdir /tmp/installcd
sudo mount -o loop /path-to/ubuntu-7.10-desktop-i386.iso /tmp/installcd (for an i386 PC)

or

sudo mount -o loop /path/to/ubuntu-7.10-desktop-amd64.iso /tmp/installcd (for an AMD 64/Intel 64 PC)
sudo mkdir /mnt/installer
sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/installer (for the SATA drive)

or

sudo mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/installer (for the IDE drive)
sudo cp -r /tmp/installcd/* /mnt/installer
cd ~/
sudo umount /tmp/installcd


Next, you'll need to edit your current Grub configuration file to boot the new partition. To do this, open the /boot/grub/menu.lst in a text editor with:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

...and add the following lines at the end of the file:

title Ubuntu Hard Drive Installation
root (hd0,2)
kernel /casper/vmlinuz boot=casper root=/dev/ram ramdisk_size=1048576 rw
initrd /casper/initrd.gz

NOTE: the root line tells Grub which partition contains the installer. If in your case, the partition you created is /dev/hda1, you'll need to edit that line to root (hd0,0). Grub starts counting your partition from 0, therefore the fourth partition will be (hd0,3) and so on. If you have a secondary hard disk, you will have to modify the first number from 0 to 1 (e.g. hd1,0 - for the second hard disk, first partition).

Save the file, close the text editor, reboot the computer and choose 'Ubuntu Hard Drive Installation' from the grub boot menu and install Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon.

Source: Marius Nestor

Parted Magic Linux 1.9 LiveCD/USB/PXE has released today

Parted Magic is a Linux LiveCD/USB/PXE with its elemental purpose being to partition hard drives.

Optimized at approximately 30MB, the Parted Magic OS employs core programs of GParted and Parted to handle partitioning tasks with ease, while featuring other useful programs (e.g. Partition Image, TestDisk, fdisk, sfdisk, dd, ddrescue, etc.) and an excellent set of documentation to benefit the user. An extensive collection of fileystem tools are also included, as Parted Magic supports the following: ext2, ext3, ext4, fat16, fat32, hfs, hfs+, jfs, linux-swap, ntfs, reiserfs, reiser4, and xfs.

It added all i386 keymaps from kbd. There is a label changing GUI for reiserfs, ntfs, ext2, ext3, xfs, and jfs. Photorec was added. Some hacking on GParted were did and you can create hfs+ file systems directly from GParted now. Added support to name the location of the pmagic squashfs in the syslinux.cfg. Some other other bug fixes and script changes as well.

The latest version is updated with: Linux-2.6.23, parted-1.8.8, ntfsprogs-2.0, ntfs-3g-1.913, and GParted-0.3.4.

The current Xserver is xorg-server-1.3.0.0 with the following drivers: apm, ark, ati, chips, cirrus, cyrix, glint, i128, i740, i810, mga, neomagic, nv, r128, riva128, radeon, rendition, s3, s3virge, savage, siliconmotion, sis, tdfx, tga, trident, tseng, vesa, vmware, and voodoo. The mini Xserver, Xvesa, is also available.

You can get PartedMagic for free at here.

Is this Linux or Mac?

Look at the image of screenshoot of my desktop below. Guess! What do you think? Is it Linux or Leopard?



With Mac4Lin, your Linux desktop can be customized like a Mac OS Desktop (Leopard). Mac4Lin, now at version 0.3 is a free user interface kit for Gnome desktop that maintained and built by Anirudh Acharya (a.k.a infra_red_dude).

You can make over your Linux desktop, ie Ubuntu, or BSD distro based or other *nix families to have a 'Mac feel'.

With the release of GNOME 2.20, there have been issues reported with the Icon theme. Work is going on to make the theme compatible with GNOME 2.20 (found in OpenSUSE 10.3/Ubuntu 7.10 - Gusty etc.). There will be a separate release of Icon theme for GNOME 2.20.

Users of this version can replace the original ver.0.3 Icon theme with the new one, which will be released soon after this release. GNOME version can be checked by clicking System Menu > About GNOME. Other components of this package are reported to work with GNOME 2.20. The installation of GTK Metacity theme and Cursors is almost same execpt that the Theme Manager in GNOME 2.20 has a new look.

Other screenshot can be viewed at here, here, and here.

More info and free download can be reach at here.

Configure Pidgin for Google Talk in Ubuntu

Pidgin, formerly known as GAIM, can be configured to connect to Google Talk.


The first time you open Pidgin you will see the welcome window.

Click Add.

In the Add Account window, add the following:

• Protocol: XMPP (This used to be "Jabber" in GAIM)
• Screen name: your Google Talk screen name without @gmail.com
• Server: gmail.com
• Password: If you want Pidgin to log in automatically, enter your Google Talk password and check the Remember password box. The password is stored unencrypted on your computer under the .purple directory in your home folder, so you may not want Pidgin to remember your password for security reasons.

It should look like this:



Click the Advanced tab and add the following:

• Connect server: talk.google.com

It should look like this:



Click Save and you’re done.

Restore GRUB in Ubuntu (if your MBR is messed up)

Puts GRUB back on the MBR (master boot record) of the hard drive instead of in the root parititon. This is fine for most people, but not if you already have an alternative boot manager.

In other words, if you use something like Boot Magic or System Commander, the commands you've just read will overwrite what you've got.

If you've installed GRUB into the Root Partition instead of the MBR, the commands are a little different. Here's are the instructions that I have for my system:

How to Restore the Grub Menu after a Re-Ghosting:

1. Boot from a Live CD, like Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.
2. Open a Terminal. Go SuperUser (that is, type su). Enter root passwords as necessary.
3. Type grub which makes a GRUB prompt appear.
4. Type find /boot/grub/stage1. You'll get a response like (hdx,y) or in my case (hd0,3). Use whatever your computer spits out for the following lines.
5. Type root (hd0,3).
6. Type setup (hd0,3). This is key. Other instructions say to use (hd0), and that's fine if you want to write GRUB to the MBR. If you want to write it to your linux root partition, then you want the number after the comma, such as (hd0,3).
7. Type quit.
8. Restart the system. Remove the bootable CD.

Hope this helps. Since I use Norton Ghost to make regular backups and restores (I do a lot of testing), I do this all the time...


Here is another way:

1. Boot with any live CD (I've done it with Knoppix 3.x and Ubuntu)
2. Get a root shell and make a folder (mkdir ubuntu)
3. mount the root (/) partition of ubuntu (e.g. mount /dev/hdb ubuntu if you have two disks)
4. chroot the mounted partition (chroot ubuntu)
5. grub-install /dev/hda *
   
6. Exit the shell
7. Reboot

* NOTES: If you are multi-booting with Windows, make sure you do NOT install the MBR on the active partition (say /dev/hda1) but on the drive (/dev/hda). At least with Windows XP, you will have to re-install it (FIXMBR/FIXBOOT won't work).

Quad Booting (XP, Vista, Linux, Mac OS X): Complete How To

This guide is a comprehensive guide for quad booting on a single hard drive with wireless internet access on all platforms and introducing basic networking on all platforms to access network shares on other computers. It took me a bit of time to figure out so I decided to write a guide for others who were interested in going this route.

This guide is based on specific hardware and it is uncertain if the procedure will work on other hardware. If you are going to attempt quad boot I would strongly recommend installing the operating systems separately first, so you make sure they all work by themselves. Also, it is very helpful to have a usb flash drive handy and a separate computer running windows so you can download stuff as needed and put it on the flash drive. That being said, lets continue.

Hardware Requirements

PC with SSE2 instruction set
You can use SSE3 but I have no experience with it

Empty Hard drive
I strongly recommend that you start with a clean hard drive, no files on it at all. Backup all your data on another drive and put it off to the side for now. I'm using IDE. It's unclear if SATA works (either on board or an add in card). It's also unclear how well RAID is supported.

D-link DWL-G122 Rev B1 wireless USB adapter
I had an old linksys PCI wireless card and it just would not work with osx and Linux. However, I had great luck with the D-link usb adapter. It works under all platforms with minimal hassle. Normally they run about $50 but got mine on sale for $25. These adapters are plentiful as well so you can find them at compusa, best buy, fry's, etc. etc.

Software Requirements

Gparted LiveCD (download and info here)
This is a great live cd that is pretty much specific for partitioning. It works with or without an operating system installed, partitions your drive straight forward.

Windows XP with Service Pack 2
NOTE: You should have SP2 or SP1 on the install CD, if you wish to install on to a hard drive larger than 137 GB (128 GiB). The original version of Windows XP does not support 48-bit LBA, and therefore suffers from the "137 GB limit". For more information on 48-bit LBA issues in Windows XP

Windows Vista DVD/CD Installer


Mac OS X Tiger or OSx86 10.4.8 install disc
I use OSX86 10.4.7 with the full patch upgrade to 10.4.8. If you're not a developer then you shouldn't proceed.....it being against the law and all. I've heard some rumor that there is a JaS release floating around.... (as well as an additional "ppf" patch to bring it up to date)

Linux CD Installer (on this how to I use OpenSuse 10.1)
You can use any flavor you want, I've had decent luck with Suse since I'm not a Linux master and I want as much driver support as possible. I recommend the DVD-ISO for easiest install. Also, we will be installing GRUB as the boot loader of choice. This is again, due to ease and convenience. There are some problems with Vista's boot loader and the Darwin boot loader that I'm not going to get into, just take my word for it. For those using SuSE 10.2, the bootloader configuration is different so we shall use windows xp's bootloader. It is explained later in the tutorial.

There is some other software needed to get internet to work; I won't mention it now as it is not pertinent for a straight quad boot.

Partitioning

After going through this project, I learned a ton about partitioning. There are 3 types of partitions which are Primary, Logical, and Extended. Think of it broken up into two separate groups. Primary partitions and then Logical/Extended. A primary partition is the partition tables way of saying create a partition with a certain amount of space and separate it from other drives physically.

You can have a max of 4 primary partitions on a disc (3 if you are using 1 extended partition) From my experience, most operating systems work best when installed on a primary partition which is what we will be doing. Logical/Extended is the other half of the spectrum.

It's the partition tables way of saying "hey, I'm not a physical partition but I'm going to trick the computer into thinking it's a partition via software. So you can create 1 extended partition and then inside the extended partition you can create logical partitions. That way, if you are like me you can have 8 + partitions on one hard drive. It will make more sense when you boot up GParted LiveCD.

Most operating systems may work best from a primary partition, but this doesn't seem to be an issue with Linux. You can see from the SUSE Guide on Grub that Linux is just placed in a logical partition, as is done in this quad-booting article.

As for Mac OSx86, I assume based on this that it also requires a primary partition.

This article assumes that your PC's BIOS is new enough that it supports the LBA necessary to overcome the BIOS 1024-cylinder limit. This article also relies on Linux's GRUB boot manager which supports LBA out-of-the-box. If your BIOS didn't support LBA or if you didn't use a LBA-enabled boot manager, you would have to create a /boot partition near the beginning of your disk, which means you would most likely waste a primary partition on Linux.

If you waste a primary partition on Linux, you will only have 2 primary partitions left for your other OS's (remember that we need an extended, which is always also primary, partition to hold the logical partitions for Linux's swap and optionally Linux's root and other data). This would have resulted in a paltry triple-boot rather than the intended quad-boot :)

All these restrictions on primary partitions can probably be rendered boot by using an advanced boot manager such as Acronis Boot Manager.


Getting Started

Boot into the GParted CD
You should have a bunch of unallocated space.

Create partitions in the following order:

1 NTFS Primary Partition, (for WinXP)
1 NTFS Primary Partition, (for Vista)
1 FAT32 Primary Partition, (for OSx86)
1 Extended Partition (with the rest of the unallocated space on the drive)

The rest of the partitions will be within the Extended Partition

1 ReiserFS Logical Partition (for Linux install)

Then the rest of your partitions as logical partitions. I have one for games, one for programs, one for video, etc.

Installing XP
Install Windows XP with Service Pack 2 to your first NTFS Primary Partition.

After installation it is imperative you do the following so Vista's bootloader isn't installed:

1. Boot into Gparted CD
2. Right click on your first Primary NTFS partition (with xp installed on it) and select "Manage Flags" from the menu. Check "hidden"
3. Right click on your second Primary NTFS partition (with vista installed on it) and select "Manage Flags" again from the menu. Check "boot"
4. Restart the computer with the Vista CD in the CDrom drive

Installing Vista
Install this to the second NTFS Primary Partition. Should be a straightforward install. Plop in the disc and let r' rip!

NOTE: If you install Vista after another OS without doing the above steps, Vista will automatically install it's new boot loader which is a pain! You do not want Vista's boot loader installed for this tutorial!

After it's installed do the following:

1. Boot the Gparted CD again
2. Right click on your second NTFS Primary Partition and click on "manage flags". Uncheck "boot"
3. Right click on your first NTFS Primary Partition and click on "manage flags". Uncheck "hidden"

Installing OSx86
Plop in your OSx86 DVD and load it up. You will install this to the FAT32 Primary Partition. Once you are at the first install prompt follow these directions:

1. Go to Utilities > Disk Utility
2. Select your partition that you want to be OSX and go to the Erase tab
3. For Volume Format, select Mac OS Extended (Journaled)
4. Click Erase. Now the partition should not be grey, it should be black to indicate that it is active.
5. Close out of the Disk Utility and move onwards with installation.

After installation, your computer will automatically boot into OSx or you will get a "HFS+ Partition Error"

NOTE: After installation you might receive a "HFS+ Partition Error". I'm not 100% sure why this happens sometimes and why other times it doesn't appear at all. Regardless, you should be able to move ahead with the next steps and get everything to work. Don't worry if you see this error.

Configuring The Boot loader
Congrats if you've made it this far! So now you have Grub installed. If you're not familiar with grub it is a boot loader that comes with Suse. There are excellent in depth guides on it via the web, so I will not be going over specifics. When grub loads you should see Suse 10.1, windows 1, windows 2, failsafe and Suse 10.1 (safe mode). What you should do at this point is test the Suse 10.1 loads, and both windows loads to ensure they work and you boot up to the correct system.

Adding OSx86 to the GRUB menu
To add OSx86 to the GRUB menu do this:

1. Copy the folder "i386" from the OSx cd (which is located at /usr/standalone/i386) and put it in /boot/grub/ The i386 folder is hidden normally so ensure you can see all hidden files in whatever operating system you are currently in. What I did is copied the files over in windows to a flash drive and then copied them from the flash drive to my home space and then used the following command in the terminal: cp -r /home/i386 /boot/grub/i386
2. Go To Applications > System > YaST
3. Go To "System" and select "Boot Loader"
4. Click "Add"
5. Select "Other System (Chainloader)"
6. Type in OSx86 for your Section Name and for Device select browse.
7. Browse to where you saved your i386 folder and select the chain0 file. This means you should have /boot/grub/i386/chain0 in the field where it says device
8. Click OK and you're done.

NOTE: If you try editing the menu.list file straight, it will not show OSx as a choice. You must initially use Yast in order to get the option to show in GRUB then if you desire you can edit it manually.

Adding OSx86 to the Windows XP bootloader (for those having trouble with grub)
Adding OSx86 to the boot loader is an easy task. The instuctions below may seem long but the process is basically adding chain0 to boot.ini and that's it. Whilst grub is more powerful, the extra features are not needed so XP's boot loader will do just fine.

1. Boot Windows XP
2. After Login, Insert the Mac OS X86 DVD and Copy chain0 to the root of the C: drive. You should then have the file C:\chain0. (Chain0 is found on the Mac CD in /user/standalone/i386 but Windows can't read Mac formatted Discs. It seems that this folder is formatted differently so you might find chain0 in the root of the DVD. If you can't find it, download the Mac OS X darwin 10.4 x86 binaries and copy /user/standalone/i386/chain0 from this. The darwin CD is found here.
3. In the explorer window, go to the "tools" menu and select folder options. Under the "View" tab, check "Show hidden files and folders" and deselect "Hide protected operating system files".
4. In the root of the C:\ drive, you should now be able to see boot.ini. Right click this file and click "Properties". In the window that appears, uncheck "Read Only".
5. Double click boot.ini so it opens in notepad (or some other text editor)
6. On the last line of boot.ini, add C:\chain0="OSx86"

Aquiring wireless internet in OSx86
Getting internet to work in OSx86 is pretty easy with the D-link DWL-G122 Rev B1 wireless USB adapter.

1. Download D-Link drivers from RalinkTech.
2. Install and restart computer.
3. When you plug in the adapter, the RaLink utility will pop up automatically. You'll have to wait a minute or two, but you should have internet. If for any reason you don't have internet, try unplugging the USB adapter and plugging it back in.

Acquiring wireless internet in Linux
I could not for the life of me get the Ralink drivers to work properly. So I used NdisWrapper. If your not familiar with NdisWrapper, it is a software package that "wraps" around your windows wireless driver so it makes the driver believe it's in windows. It will suffice.

• Select Applications > System > YaST
• Click Software > Software Management
• Type in "ndis" in the search field
• Select ndiswrapper and all of it's counterparts and install. Now you need to locate and install the Windows-based drivers for your device. There are two files that you will need to find. One is an *.inf file that basically tells your machine how to setup the driver and the other is the actual driver itself which has a *.sys extension.
• Locate your *.inf and *.sys driver files on your wireless adapter driver disc.
• In a terminal window browse to where you copied the two files. Then type in the following:

ndiswrapper -i .inf
Where is go figure, the name of your driver.
To ensure it installed correctly type:
ndiswrapper -l
It should say "driver installed"

• Next load NdisWrapper by typing:

modprobe ndiswrapper
Check to make sure the driver is loaded properly by typing:
iwconfig
If you were successful, you will see an entry in wlan0 detailing wireless information

• Go To Applications > System > Yast
• Select Network Devices > Network Card
• Select User Controlled with network manager
• Click "Add"
• For Device Type select "Wireless" and for Configuration Name type "0"
• Click next, next again, and enter in your network information (SSID, encryption key, etc.)
• We need to make sure NdisWrapper loads every time Suse loads, so go to Applications > System > YaST > System > /etc/sysconfig Editor
• Go To System > Kernel > MODULES_LOADED_ON_BOOT
• Type in: ndiswrapper

Mounting a Windows Network Share in OSx86
From The Finder click Go->Connect To Server
Type in smb:///
You can also click Browse and use the finder to try to find your server. This will only show servers within the same workgroup though...

Mounting a Windows Network Share in Linux
This section is geared towards people who have another computer with a network share.

• Make a directory for the mountpoint by typing in the terminal: mkdir /mnt/
• Mount the share by typing in the terminal: mount -t smbfs -o username=,password= /// /mnt/

If you want to share a folder on your Linux computer with a windows computer, install Samba and edit your smb.conf. Many graphically oriented Linux distributions provide a GUI for this, but this would be distribution dependent. I believe gnome-system-tools provides a nice interface, as well as kde's kcontrol application.

In KDE open Konqueror type into the address bar:
smb:///

There are also ways to connect via Gnome, other GUIs as well as the terminal

Conclusion

After heavy experimentation I have concluded that this is the best/easiest way to get a quad boot working. I've tried different partitioning methods and different orders of OS installs (putting Vista first, putting Linux first or in the middle, etc.) and nothing has worked well except for this method. Feel free to experiment though if you are brave.

After successfully quad booting with one hard drive you can get a bit more advanced and add a 2nd hard drive as a slave in your ide cable. If you do this after the installs you will break GRUB and will need to put in the Suse DVD and try to repair the boot loader or get to a command line where you can access the boot loader.

Why in the world would anyone want to Quad Boot? I have no freaking clue unless you are crazy! That or you are thirsty for knowledge and desire full command over the three main operating systems while having very limited resources.

If you are having ANY problems at all, please feel free to contact me and I will try to help in any way possible.

By: Quand

How to show the correct local time if dual/multi-booting

Puppy and Windows show the correct time only when your hardware clock is set to local time, not UTC time. Many other distros of linux and unix correctly handle the time when the hardware clock is set to either UTC or local time.

If you are dual-booting another distro, eg Ubuntu, and have set the the hardware clock to store the time in UTC, you need to change this to localtime, so Puppy (and Windows) can co-exist on the computer.

(Actually there is almost no point in storing the time in the hardware clock in UTC. Change it to localtime. You can still move the machine around the world, and simply tell each installed system which timezone you are in as you move, and that system will always show the correct time for whereever you are.)

To change the hardware clock: (under Ubuntu)

Set the hardware clock to UTC and update /etc/adjtime accordingly, by running the command:

hwclock --localtime --set --date="`date`"

Make sure Ubuntu keeps the hardware clock in local time at startup/shutdown, by editing /etc/defaults/rc.S, setting "UTC=no".

Further considerations

If you set up a new machine to dual/multi-boot Windows and linuxes, the best order of installation is:

1. Install Windows. This will set the hardware clock to localtime.
2. Install eg Ubuntu, (and others?) and tell them that the hardware clock is set to localtime. Also install grub in the MBR, when you install the first distro, so you can dual/multi-boot Windows and other linux distros.
3. Install Puppy. It only works correctly with localtime, as described above, unless you like hacking. Add the following to /etc/grub/menu.lst to add Puppy into the multi-boot.

title Puppy Linux - Boot into a New Setup
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/puppy/vmlinuz ro root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=93952 psubdir=/boot/puppy pfix=ram
initrd /boot/puppy/initrd.gz

title Puppy Linux - Normal Boot
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/puppy/vmlinuz root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=93952 psubdir=/boot/puppy PMEDIA=idehd
initrd /boot/puppy/initrd.gz

The above assumes you have installed Puppy files into the first partition of your first hard disk "(hd0,0)", which in my case is the / partition of Ubuntu. The files to put into there are:

/pup_216.sfs
/zdrv_216.sfs
/boot/puppy/initrd.gz
/boot/puppy/vmlinuz

I got a good refresher of how time works on the computer via these manual pages from in Ubuntu:

man hwclock
man adjtime

Notes: All the above assumes Windows 2000 or XP, probably NT and possibly Win98 too. I have no idea (nor interest) in what havoc Microsoft has done with this aspect of interoperability under Vista. Based on their past record, I can only expect the worst!

How to Speed up Open Office

Start Open Office
Click on Tools > Options
This should open the configuration. Click on Memory in the left menu and change the following settings:

Number of Steps: 30
Use for Open Office: 128
Memory per Object: 20
Number of Objects: 20

Click on Java in the left menu afterwards and uncheck "Use a Java Runtime Environment".
Click OK
Restart Open Office to see how fast it is now.