The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Consumer surplus is the consumers' gain from trade. The consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve but above the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Producer surplus is the producer's gain from trade. The producer surplus is the area above the supply curve but below the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Consumer surplus is represented by Area A and producer surplus is represented by Area B.

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

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a) Assume there are two firms, 1 and 2, competing as Cournot duopolists in a market, selling a homogeneous product. Demand is given by p = 36 – (q1 + q2), where p is price and q1 and q2 are the outputs of firms 1 and 2 respectively. Each firm faces a marginal cost of 6 per unit of output and no fixed cost. Find each firm’s optimal output, the price at which they sell, each firm’s profit , and consumer surplus. b) Now assume that the firms face the same costs, but horizontally differentiate their product, so that firm 1 faces demand p1 = 36 – (q1 + q2/2) and firm 2 faces demand p2 = 36 – (q1/2 + q2). Assume Cournot competition. Calculate the new equilibrium prices and outputs for each firm, consumer surplus and profits. c) Now assume that rather than facing a given degree of product differentiation, the firms can choosehowdifferentiatedtheirproductsare.Thisisequivalenttoinversedemandequationsp1 =36 –(q1 +θq2)andp2 =36–(θq1 +q2),0≤θ≤1,withθdeterminedbythefirms’choicesofproduct…

Assume there are two firms, 1 and 2, competing as Cournot duopolists in a market, selling a homogeneous product. Demand is given by p = 36 – (q1 + q2), where p is price and q1 and q2 are the outputs of firms 1 and 2 respectively. Each firm faces a marginal cost of 6 per unit of output and no fixed cost. Find each firm’s optimal output, the price at which they sell, each firm’s profit , and consumer surplus.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Consumer surplus is the consumers' gain from trade. The consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve but above the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Producer surplus is the producer's gain from trade. The producer surplus is the area above the supply curve but below the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Consumer surplus is represented by Area A and producer surplus is represented by Area B.

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Consumer surplus is the consumers' gain from trade. The consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve but above the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Producer surplus is the producer's gain from trade. The producer surplus is the area above the supply curve but below the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Consumer surplus is represented by Area A and producer surplus is represented by Area B.

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Consumer surplus is the consumers' gain from trade. The consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve but above the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Producer surplus is the producer's gain from trade. The producer surplus is the area above the supply curve but below the equilibrium price, up to the equilibrium quantity. Consumer surplus is represented by Area A and producer surplus is represented by Area B.

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 1QR

To determine

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The tax is the unilateral payment from the people to the government. Tax is the main source of income of the government which can be used for carrying on the public expenditure of the government. The main types of taxes include the income tax, wealth tax and the professional tax which constitutes one-third of the total tax revenue of the government. The consumer surplus is the difference between the maximum price a person is willing to pay and the actual price he paid. Similarly, the producer surplus is the difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept and the actual price he received. The aggregate of these two surpluses is known as the economic surplus.

When there is a tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase because the price is the means through which the sellers transfer the impact of tax from them to the consumer. Thus, with the tax imposed on a commodity, the price of the commodity will increase and as a result, the price that the consumer pays will increase and the price that the producer receives declines. As a result, the decline in the consumer and the producer surplus will become more than the tax revenue collected by the government which will decline the total surplus of the economy. Thus, tax disincentives the buyers and sellers and as a result there will be inefficient allocation of resources in the economy.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Economics Concept Introduction

Concept introduction:

Tax: It is the unilateral payment made by the public towards the government. There are different types of taxes in the economy which includes the income tax, property tax and professional tax etc.

Consumer surplus: It is the difference between the highest willing price of the consumer and the actual price that the consumer pays.

Producer surplus: It is the difference between the lowest willing to accept price by the producer and the actual price received by the producer.

Deadweight loss: It is the reduction in the units where the marginal benefit to the consumer is higher than the marginal cost of production of the unit.

Answer 12

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The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Solution Summary: The author explains the impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

The impact of tax on consumer and producer surplus and tax revenue.

Explanation of Solution

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