Chapter 3, Problem 12E

a.

Reason:

• • The strings in switch statement can be used in Java with nested conditional statements like chained “if-else-if” statements...

b.

Fragment of code using multibranch “if-else” statement:

//Import necessary header files

import java.util.*;

//Define the class

public class IfElseStatement

{

    //Define the "main()" function

    public static void main(String[] args)

    {

        //Variable declaration

        String enhancedLetterGrade;

        //Variable initialization

        double gradeValue = 0.0;

        //Create object for "Scanner()"

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        //Print the statement

        System.out.print("Enter the grade: ");

        //Get the input from the user

        enhancedLetterGrade = sc.next();

        //Check the condition

        if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("A+"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 4.25;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("A"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 4.0;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("A-"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 3.75;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("B+"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 3.25;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("B"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 3.0;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("B-"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 2.75;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("C+"))

  //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 2.25;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("C"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 2.0;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("C-"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 1.75;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("D+"))

            gradeValue = 1.25;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("D"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 1.0;

        //Check the condition

        else if (enhancedLetterGrade.equals("D-"))

            //True, assign the value

            gradeValue = 0...

c.

Fragment of code using nested “switch” statement:

//Import necessary header files

import java.util.*;

//Define the class

public class NestedSwitch

{

    //Define the "main()" function

    public static void main(String[] args)

    {

        //Variable declaration

        String enhancedLetterGrade;

        //Create object for "Scanner()"

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        //Print the statement

        System.out.print("Enter the grade: ");

        //Get the input from the user

        enhancedLetterGrade = sc.next();

        //Variable declaration and initialization

        double gradeValue = 0.0;

        char letterPart = enhancedLetterGrade.charAt(0);

        char plusPart = '0';

        //Check the condition

        if (enhancedLetterGrade.length()>1)

            //Assign the value

            plusPart = enhancedLetterGrade.charAt(1);

        //Switch statement

        switch (letterPart)

        {

        //case statement

        case 'A':

            //Assign the value

            gradeValue = 4.0;

            //Nested switch statement

            switch (plusPart)

            {

            //Case statement

            case '+':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue += 0.25;

                //Break statement

                break;

            //Case statement

            case '-':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue -= 0.25;

                //Break statement

                break;

            }

            //Break statement

            break;

        //Case statement

        case 'B':

            gradeValue = 3.0;

            //Nested switch statement

            switch (plusPart)

            {

            //Case statement

            case '+':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue += 0.25;

                //Break statement

                break;

            //Case statement

            case '-':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue -= 0.25;

                //Break statement

                break;

            }

            //Break statement

            break;

        //Case statement

        case 'C':

            //Assign the value

            gradeValue = 2.0;

            //Nested switch statement

            switch (plusPart)

            {

            //Case statement

            case '+':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue += 0.25;

                //Break statement

                break;

                //Case statement

            case '-':

                //Assign the value

                gradeValue -= 0...