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{{Short description|Online volunteer photography project}}
{{refimprove|date=April 2014}}

[[Image:Confluence point 53N 0.jpg|thumb|upright|right|A GPS unit at confluence 53N 0, in [[Lincolnshire]], [[England]]]]
[[Image:Confluence point 53N 0.jpg|thumb|upright|right|A GPS unit at confluence 53N 0, in [[Lincolnshire]], [[England]]]]
The '''Degree Confluence Project''' is a [[World Wide Web]]-based, all-volunteer project which aims to have people visit each of the [[integer]] [[Degree (angle)|degree]] intersections of [[latitude]] and [[longitude]] on [[Earth]], posting [[photograph]]s and a narrative of each visit online. The project describes itself as "an organized [[Sampling (statistics)|sampling]] of the [[Earth|world]]".
The '''Degree Confluence Project''' is a [[World Wide Web]]-based, all-volunteer project which aims to have people visit each of the [[integer]] [[Degree (angle)|degree]] intersections of [[latitude]] and [[longitude]] on [[Earth]], posting [[photograph]]s and a narrative of each visit online. The project describes itself as "an [[Systematic sampling|organized]] [[Sampling (statistics)|sampling]] of the [[Earth|world]]".


==Requirements==
==Requirements==
The precise location of each degree confluence uses the [[WGS 84]] horizontal datum, and visitors to degree confluences almost always make use of [[Global Positioning System|GPS]] receivers. For a ''successful visit'', the visitor must get within 100 metres of the confluence point, and post a narrative and several photographs to the project website. A visit, or attempted visit, which does not conform to these rules may still be recorded on the website as an ''incomplete visit''. The project encourages visits to degree confluences which have been visited previously, and many confluence points - especially in non-remote regions of developed nations - have been visited several times.
The precise location of each degree confluence uses the [[WGS 84]] horizontal datum, and visitors to degree confluences almost always make use of [[GNSS]] receivers.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Geospatial Techniques for Managing Environmental Resources |url=https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-007-1858-6.pdf |journal=SpringerLink |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-94-007-1858-6.pdf}}</ref> For a ''successful visit'', the visitor must get within 100 metres of the confluence point, and post a narrative and several photographs to the project website. A visit, or attempted visit, which does not conform to these rules may still be recorded on the website as an ''incomplete visit''. The project encourages visits to degree confluences which have been visited previously, and many confluence points — especially in non-remote regions of developed nations – have been visited several times.


The total number of degree confluences is 64,442,<ref>Latitude lines 89°N to 89°S (179), multiplied by 360° of longitude (360), plus the two poles (2) = 179 &times; 360 + 2 = 64,442.</ref> of which 21,543 are on land, 38,409 on water, and 4,490 on the [[Antarctic]] and [[Arctic]] ice caps.<ref>[http://www.confluence.org/infoconf.php#location Classifications as of August 4, 2007]</ref> The project categorizes degree confluences as either ''primary'' or ''secondary''. A confluence is primary only if it is on land or within sight of land. In addition, at [[latitude]]s greater than 48<sup>o</sup> only some points are designated primary because confluences crowd together near the [[Geographic pole|poles]].<ref>[http://www.confluence.org/infoconf.php#poles Poles Problem]</ref> Both primary and secondary confluences may be visited and recorded.
The total number of degree confluences is 64,442,<ref>Latitude lines 89°N to 89°S (179), multiplied by 360° of longitude (360), plus the two poles (2) = 179 × 360 + 2 = 64,442.</ref> of which 21,543 are on land, 38,409 on water, and 4,490 on the [[Antarctic]] and [[Arctic]] ice caps.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.confluence.org/infoconf.php#location| title = Classifications as of August 4, 2007}}</ref> The project categorizes degree confluences as either ''primary'' or ''secondary''. A confluence is primary only if it is on land or within sight of land. In addition, at [[latitude]]s greater than 48° only some points are designated primary because confluences crowd together near the [[Geographic pole|poles]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.confluence.org/infoconf.php#poles| title = Poles Problem}}</ref> Both primary and secondary confluences may be visited and recorded.


In addition the visits of certain special geographical locations can also be reported (special visits) - for example:
In addition, visits to certain special geographical locations can also be reported (special visits). For example:
* center of the world ( 0° 78°27'08"W )
* [[Ciudad Mitad del Mundo|Middle of the World]] monument (0°, 78°27'08"W)
* center of continents
* Centers of continents
* Royal Greenwich Observatory
* [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]]


== History ==
== History ==
The project was started by Alex Jarrett in February 1996 because he "liked the idea of visiting a location represented by a round number such as [[43rd parallel north|43°00'00"N]] [[72nd meridian west|72°00'00"W]]. What would be there? Would other people have recognized this as a unique spot?"<ref>[http://www.confluence.org/infodcp.php#history Project History]</ref>
The project was started by Alex Jarrett in February 1996 because he "liked the idea of visiting a location represented by a round number such as [[43rd parallel north|43°00'00"N]] [[72nd meridian west|72°00'00"W]]. What would be there? Would other people have recognized this as a unique spot?"<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.confluence.org/infodcp.php#history| title = Project History}}</ref>


As of June 2018, 6,495 (39.73%) of 16,348 primary confluences have been visited, covering 189 countries and territories.<ref>http://confluence.org/projectstats.php</ref>
As of February 2022, 6593 (40.33%) of 16,349 primary confluences have been visited, covering 195 countries and territories.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://confluence.org/projectstats.php |title = DCP: Project Statistics (2020)}}</ref>


== Milestones ==
== Milestones ==
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== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{citation|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|title=Hundreds Take Photos of Intersections of Latitude, Longitude Line - 2003-05-09|date=October 29, 2009|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2003-05-09-14-hundreds-67464077/280229.html}}
*{{citation|work=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|title=The Confluence Project is photographing every latitude/longitude intersection on Earth|date=October 2, 2012|author=Sarah Laskow|url=https://grist.org/living/the-confluence-project-is-photographing-every-latitudelongitude-intersection-on-earth/}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.confluence.org/ Degree Confluence Project website]
* [https://confluence.org/ Degree Confluence Project website]
* [http://grist.org/list/the-confluence-project-is-photographing-every-latitudelongitude-intersection-on-earth/ Grist article on project 2 Oct. 2012]
* [http://grist.org/list/the-confluence-project-is-photographing-every-latitudelongitude-intersection-on-earth/ Grist article on project 2 Oct. 2012]
*[https://sites.google.com/site/westminsterconfluenceproject1/ Westminster, Massachusetts Confluence Project]


{{geographical coordinates}}
{{geographical coordinates}}
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[[Category:Global Positioning System]]
[[Category:Global Positioning System]]
[[Category:Outdoor locating games]]
[[Category:Outdoor locating games]]
[[Category:Cartography]]
[[Category:Cartography organizations]]

Revision as of 13:44, 3 August 2024

A GPS unit at confluence 53N 0, in Lincolnshire, England

The Degree Confluence Project is a World Wide Web-based, all-volunteer project which aims to have people visit each of the integer degree intersections of latitude and longitude on Earth, posting photographs and a narrative of each visit online. The project describes itself as "an organized sampling of the world".

Requirements

The precise location of each degree confluence uses the WGS 84 horizontal datum, and visitors to degree confluences almost always make use of GNSS receivers.[1] For a successful visit, the visitor must get within 100 metres of the confluence point, and post a narrative and several photographs to the project website. A visit, or attempted visit, which does not conform to these rules may still be recorded on the website as an incomplete visit. The project encourages visits to degree confluences which have been visited previously, and many confluence points — especially in non-remote regions of developed nations – have been visited several times.

The total number of degree confluences is 64,442,[2] of which 21,543 are on land, 38,409 on water, and 4,490 on the Antarctic and Arctic ice caps.[3] The project categorizes degree confluences as either primary or secondary. A confluence is primary only if it is on land or within sight of land. In addition, at latitudes greater than 48° only some points are designated primary because confluences crowd together near the poles.[4] Both primary and secondary confluences may be visited and recorded.

In addition, visits to certain special geographical locations can also be reported (special visits). For example:

History

The project was started by Alex Jarrett in February 1996 because he "liked the idea of visiting a location represented by a round number such as 43°00'00"N 72°00'00"W. What would be there? Would other people have recognized this as a unique spot?"[5]

As of February 2022, 6593 (40.33%) of 16,349 primary confluences have been visited, covering 195 countries and territories.[6]

Milestones

  • First degree confluence visit posted to the website: 43°N 72°W / 43°N 72°W / 43; -72 (First DCP entry) in New Hampshire, USA by Alex Jarrett (project founder) and Peter Cline on February 20, 1996. (Note that some degree confluence visits that pre-date this visit have since been posted on the project's website.)
  • Highest confluence: 33°N 80°E / 33°N 80°E / 33; 80 (Highest confluence) in Kuba, Tibet, China at 19,143 feet (5,835 m), first visited by Greg Michaels and Robert Whitfield on May 29, 2005.
  • Lowest confluence: 30°N 27°E / 30°N 27°E / 30; 27 (Lowest confluence) in Matrūh, Egypt at −255 feet (−78 m), first visited by Dave Morrison, Steve Price and Tony Carlisle on December 4, 2004.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Geospatial Techniques for Managing Environmental Resources" (PDF). SpringerLink. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1858-6.pdf.
  2. ^ Latitude lines 89°N to 89°S (179), multiplied by 360° of longitude (360), plus the two poles (2) = 179 × 360 + 2 = 64,442.
  3. ^ "Classifications as of August 4, 2007".
  4. ^ "Poles Problem".
  5. ^ "Project History".
  6. ^ "DCP: Project Statistics (2020)".

Further reading

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