source: branches/branch-1-0/src/helpers/encodings.c@ 365

Last change on this file since 365 was 357, checked in by pr, 17 years ago

Add CP1386.
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File size: 21.5 KB
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1
2/*
3 *@@sourcefile encodings.c:
4 * character encoding support. Handles all kinds
5 * of legacy codepages (including most OS/2 codepages)
6 * and Unicode in the form of UTF-8 and translations
7 * between then.
8 *
9 * See encCreateCodec for an introduction.
10 *
11 * See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2279.txt for
12 * RFC 2279, which defines UTF-8.
13 *
14 * Be warned, compilation of this file takes a long
15 * time because this includes all the complex codepages
16 * from include\encodings.
17 *
18 *@@header "encodings\base.h"
19 *@@added V0.9.9 (2001-02-14) [umoeller]
20 */
21
22/*
23 * Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Ulrich M”ller.
24 * This file is part of the "XWorkplace helpers" source package.
25 * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
26 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
27 * by the Free Software Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the
28 * "COPYING" file of the XWorkplace main distribution.
29 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
30 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
31 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
32 * GNU General Public License for more details.
33 */
34
35#define OS2EMX_PLAIN_CHAR
36 // this is needed for "os2emx.h"; if this is defined,
37 // emx will define PSZ as _signed_ char, otherwise
38 // as unsigned char
39
40#include <stdlib.h>
41#include <string.h>
42
43#include "setup.h" // code generation and debugging options
44
45#include "helpers\standards.h"
46
47#include "encodings\base.h"
48
49#include "encodings\unicase.h"
50
51#include "encodings\alltables.h" // this takes a very long time
52
53#pragma hdrstop
54
55/*
56 *@@category: Helpers\National Language Support\Encodings
57 * See encodings.c.
58 */
59
60/*
61 *@@ G_aEncodings:
62 * list of all encodings supported by this engine
63 * (i.e. we have a corresponding codepage in
64 * include\encodings\*.h) together with some
65 * additional information for each encoding,
66 * such as the corresponding OS/2 codepage
67 * number and a descriptive string.
68 *
69 * For a way too extensive list of codepage
70 * names, see "http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets".
71 *
72 *@@added V [umoeller]
73 */
74
75struct
76{
77 ENCID id; // engine ID (enum)
78 PXWPENCODINGMAP pMap; // ptr to map from include\encodings\*.h
79 unsigned long cEntries; // entries in map (array item count)
80 unsigned short usCodepageOS2; // corresponding OS/2 codepage or 0 if none
81 // V1.0.0 (2002-08-21) [umoeller]
82 unsigned short usLatin; // ISO 8859-X correspondance or 0
83 ENCBYTECOUNT bc;
84 const char *pcszDescription; // description
85} G_aEncodings[] =
86 {
87 #define ENCODINGENTRY(id) enc_ ## id, G_ ## id, ARRAYITEMCOUNT(G_ ## id)
88
89 ENCODINGENTRY(cp437), 437, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Latin US",
90 ENCODINGENTRY(cp737), 737, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Greek",
91 ENCODINGENTRY(cp775), 775, 0, SINGLE, "DOS BaltRim",
92 ENCODINGENTRY(cp850), 850, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Latin 1",
93 ENCODINGENTRY(cp852), 852, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Latin 2", // default in Hungary,
94 // Romania, Poland
95 ENCODINGENTRY(cp855), 855, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Cyrillic",
96 ENCODINGENTRY(cp857), 857, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Latin 5 (Turkish)",
97 ENCODINGENTRY(cp860), 860, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Portuguese",
98 ENCODINGENTRY(cp861), 861, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Icelandic",
99 ENCODINGENTRY(cp862), 862, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Hebrew",
100 ENCODINGENTRY(cp863), 863, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Canadian French",
101 ENCODINGENTRY(cp864), 864, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Arabic", // default in Egypt
102 ENCODINGENTRY(cp865), 865, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Nordic",
103 ENCODINGENTRY(cp866), 866, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Cyrillic Russian", // default in Russia
104 ENCODINGENTRY(cp869), 869, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Greek2",
105 ENCODINGENTRY(cp874), 874, 0, SINGLE, "DOS Thai (TIS-620)", // default in Thailand
106
107 ENCODINGENTRY(cp932), 932 /* or 943?*/ ,
108 0, DOUBLE, "Japanese Windows",
109 ENCODINGENTRY(cp936), 936 /* or 946?*/ ,
110 0, DOUBLE, "Chinese",
111 ENCODINGENTRY(cp949), 949 /* was 951, fixed V1.0.2 (2003-09-19) [umoeller] */ ,
112 0, DOUBLE, "Korean",
113 ENCODINGENTRY(cp950), 950 /* was 947, fixed V1.0.2 (2003-09-19) [umoeller] */ ,
114 0, DOUBLE, "Taiwan Big-5", // default in China?
115
116 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1004), 1004, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Extended",
117 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1250), 1250, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Latin 2",
118 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1251), 1251, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Cyrillic",
119 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1252), 1252, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Latin 1",
120 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1253), 1253, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Greek",
121 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1254), 1254, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Turkish",
122 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1255), 1255, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Hebrew",
123 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1256), 1256, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Arabic",
124 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1257), 1257, 0, SINGLE, "Windows Latin-4",
125 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1258), 1258, 0, UNKNOWN, "unknown",
126 ENCODINGENTRY(cp1386), 1386, 0, DOUBLE, "Chinese (IBM)", // WarpIN V1.0.16 (2008-02-19) [pr]
127 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_1), 819, 1, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998 (Latin-1)",
128 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_2), 912, 2, SINGLE, "ISO 8859-2:1999 (Latin-2)",
129 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_3), 913, 3, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-3:1999 (Latin-3)",
130 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_4), 914, 4, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-4:1998 (Latin-4)",
131 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_5), 915, 5, SINGLE, "ISO 8859-5:1999 (Cyrillic)",
132 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_6), 1089, 6, SINGLE, "ISO 8859-6:1999 (Arabic)",
133 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_7), 813, 7, SINGLE, "ISO 8859-7:1987 (Greek)", // default in Greece
134 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_8), 916, 8, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-8:1999 (Hebrew)",
135 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_9), 920, 9, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-9:1999 (Latin-5)",
136 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_10), 0, 10, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-10:1998",
137 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_13), 0, 13, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-13:1998",
138 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_14), 0, 14, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-14:1998",
139 ENCODINGENTRY(iso8859_15), 923, 15, SINGLE, "ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999",
140
141 UNSUPPORTED, NULL, 0, 1200, 0, MULTI_UNICODE, "Unicode UCS-2",
142 UNSUPPORTED, NULL, 0, 1208, 0, MULTI_UNICODE, "Unicode UTF-8"
143 };
144
145/*
146 *@@ ENCCASEFOLD:
147 *
148 *@@added V0.9.20 (2002-07-03) [umoeller]
149 */
150
151typedef struct _ENCCASEFOLD
152{
153 unsigned long cEntries;
154 unsigned long aulFolds[1];
155} ENCCASEFOLD, *PENCCASEFOLD;
156
157STATIC PENCCASEFOLD G_pFold = NULL;
158
159/*
160 *@@ encGetTable:
161 *
162 *@@added V0.9.18 (2002-03-08) [umoeller]
163 */
164
165int encGetTable(ENCID id,
166 PXWPENCODINGMAP *ppMap,
167 unsigned long *pcEntries)
168{
169 unsigned long ul;
170 for (ul = 0;
171 ul < ARRAYITEMCOUNT(G_aEncodings);
172 ul++)
173 {
174 if (G_aEncodings[ul].id == id)
175 {
176 *ppMap = G_aEncodings[ul].pMap;
177 *pcEntries = G_aEncodings[ul].cEntries;
178 return 1;
179 }
180 }
181
182 return 0;
183}
184
185/*
186 *@@ encFindIdForCodepage:
187 * returns the ENCID for the given OS/2
188 * codepage, or UNSUPPORTED if there's none.
189 *
190 *@@added V0.9.18 (2002-03-08) [umoeller]
191 *@@changed V1.0.2 (2003-09-19) [umoeller]: fixed Korean codepage from 951 to 949
192 */
193
194ENCID encFindIdForCodepage(unsigned short usCodepage, // in: codepage to find
195 const char **ppcszDescription, // out: codepage description; ptr can be NULL
196 ENCBYTECOUNT *pByteCount) // out: SINGLE or DOUBLE; ptr can be NULL
197{
198 unsigned long ul;
199 for (ul = 0;
200 ul < ARRAYITEMCOUNT(G_aEncodings);
201 ul++)
202 {
203 if (G_aEncodings[ul].usCodepageOS2 == usCodepage)
204
205 {
206 if (ppcszDescription)
207 *ppcszDescription = G_aEncodings[ul].pcszDescription;
208 if (pByteCount)
209 *pByteCount = G_aEncodings[ul].bc;
210 return G_aEncodings[ul].id;
211 }
212 }
213
214 return UNSUPPORTED;
215}
216
217/*
218 *@@ encCreateCodec:
219 * creates a codec that can be used for conversion between
220 * Unicode and codepaged characters (and vice versa).
221 *
222 * A codec essentially consists of two tables which can
223 * be used for quick index-based lookups in both directions.
224 * This function goes thru the tables provided in
225 * include\encodings\*.h and builds the codec tables
226 * from them.
227 *
228 * This function takes an encoding ID as input. Each
229 * codepage table in include\encodings\*.h has one
230 * of those IDs assigned. Use encFindIdForCodepage
231 * to find the ID for a given OS/2 codepage.
232 *
233 * Use codecs carefully and only when they are really
234 * needed for a specific conversion. Building a codec
235 * is expensive, so you should create a codec once
236 * and reuse it for future conversions. In addition,
237 * create codecs only for the codepages that are
238 * actually used. Each codec will take up to
239 * n * sizeof(USHORT) bytes, where n is the highest
240 * Unicode character used in the codepage.
241 *
242 * Codec remarks:
243 *
244 * -- All codepages share the first 128 characters
245 * (0-0x7F) with ASCII.
246 *
247 * -- Since the first 128 characters (0-0x7F) in
248 * Unicode are equivalent to ASCII also, codecs
249 * are not needed if you process ASCII strings
250 * only.
251 *
252 * -- Since the next 128 characters (0x80-0xFF) in
253 * Unicode are equivalent to ISO/IEC 8859-1
254 * (Latin-1), codecs aren't needed for those
255 * strings either.
256 *
257 * Note that codepoints 0x80-0x9F are undefined
258 * in Latin-1 but used as control sequences in
259 * Unicode.
260 *
261 * -- As far as I know, codepage 1252, which is
262 * used per default under Windows, is equivalent
263 * to Latin 1 except that it also defines
264 * codepoints 0x80-0x9F to certain DTP characters.
265 *
266 * -- From my testing, codepage 1004 (which is
267 * described as "Windows-compatible" in most OS/2
268 * docs) is the same as codepage 1252, except for
269 * character 0xAF.
270 *
271 * Unfortunately, OS/2 uses codepage 850 on most
272 * systems (and Windows uses OS/2 codepage 1252),
273 * so for conversion between those, codecs are needed.
274 *
275 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
276 */
277
278PCONVERSION encCreateCodec(ENCID id)
279{
280 PXWPENCODINGMAP pEncodingMap;
281 unsigned long cArrayEntries;
282
283 if (encGetTable(id,
284 &pEncodingMap,
285 &cArrayEntries))
286 {
287 unsigned short usHighestCP = 0,
288 usHighestUni = 0;
289 unsigned long ul;
290
291 // step 1:
292 // run through the table and calculate the highest
293 // character entry used
294 for (ul = 0;
295 ul < cArrayEntries;
296 ul++)
297 {
298 if (pEncodingMap[ul].usCP > usHighestCP)
299 usHighestCP = pEncodingMap[ul].usCP;
300 if (pEncodingMap[ul].usUni > usHighestUni)
301 usHighestUni = pEncodingMap[ul].usUni;
302 }
303
304 // step 2: allocate encoding table
305 if (usHighestCP && usHighestUni)
306 {
307 PCONVERSION pTableNew;
308 if (pTableNew = NEW(CONVERSION))
309 {
310 unsigned long cbEntriesUniFromCP
311 = (usHighestCP + 1) * sizeof(unsigned short);
312 unsigned long cbEntriesCPFromUni
313 = (usHighestUni + 1) * sizeof(unsigned short);
314
315 ZERO(pTableNew);
316
317 pTableNew->usHighestCP = usHighestCP;
318 pTableNew->usHighestUni = usHighestUni;
319
320 if ( (pTableNew->ausEntriesUniFromCP
321 = (unsigned short*)malloc(cbEntriesUniFromCP))
322 && (pTableNew->ausEntriesCPFromUni
323 = (unsigned short*)malloc(cbEntriesCPFromUni))
324 )
325 {
326 // step 3: fill encoding tables
327
328 memset(pTableNew->ausEntriesUniFromCP,
329 0xFF,
330 cbEntriesUniFromCP);
331 memset(pTableNew->ausEntriesCPFromUni,
332 0xFF,
333 cbEntriesCPFromUni);
334
335 for (ul = 0;
336 ul < cArrayEntries;
337 ul++)
338 {
339 PXWPENCODINGMAP pEntry = &pEncodingMap[ul];
340
341 pTableNew->ausEntriesUniFromCP[pEntry->usCP] = pEntry->usUni;
342
343 pTableNew->ausEntriesCPFromUni[pEntry->usUni] = pEntry->usCP;
344 }
345
346 return pTableNew;
347 }
348
349 free(pTableNew);
350 }
351 }
352 }
353
354 return NULL;
355}
356
357/*
358 *@@ encFreeCodec:
359 * frees a codec created with encCreateCodec
360 * and sets the given pointer to NULL.
361 *
362 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
363 *
364 *@@added V0.9.18 (2002-03-08) [umoeller]
365 */
366
367void encFreeCodec(PCONVERSION *ppTable) // in: ptr to codec ptr returned by encCreateCodec
368{
369 PCONVERSION pTable;
370 if (pTable = *ppTable)
371 {
372 if (pTable->ausEntriesUniFromCP)
373 free(pTable->ausEntriesUniFromCP);
374 if (pTable->ausEntriesCPFromUni)
375 free(pTable->ausEntriesCPFromUni);
376 free(pTable);
377 *ppTable = NULL;
378 }
379}
380
381/*
382 *@@ encChar2Uni:
383 * converts a codepage-specific character
384 * to Unicode, using the given conversion
385 * table from encCreateCodec().
386 *
387 * Returns 0xFFFF on errors, which is unlikely
388 * with Unicode though.
389 *
390 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
391 *
392 *@@added V0.9.18 (2002-03-08) [umoeller]
393 */
394
395unsigned long encChar2Uni(PCONVERSION pTable,
396 unsigned short c)
397{
398 if ( (pTable)
399 && (c <= pTable->usHighestCP)
400 )
401 return pTable->ausEntriesUniFromCP[c];
402
403 return 0xFFFF;
404}
405
406/*
407 *@@ encUni2Char:
408 * converts a Unicode character to the
409 * codepage specified by the given
410 * conversion table from encCreateCodec().
411 *
412 * Returns 0xFFFF if the Unicode character
413 * has no codepage equivalent.
414 *
415 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
416 *
417 *@@added V0.9.18 (2002-03-08) [umoeller]
418 */
419
420unsigned short encUni2Char(PCONVERSION pTable,
421 unsigned long ulUni)
422{
423 if ( (pTable)
424 && (ulUni <= pTable->usHighestUni)
425 )
426 return pTable->ausEntriesCPFromUni[ulUni];
427
428 return 0xFFFF;
429}
430
431/*
432 *@@ encDecodeUTF8:
433 * decodes one UTF-8 character and returns
434 * the Unicode value or -1 if the character
435 * is invalid.
436 *
437 * On input, *ppch is assumed to point to
438 * the first byte of the UTF-8 char to be
439 * read.
440 *
441 * This function will advance *ppch by at
442 * least one byte (or more if the UTF-8
443 * char initially pointed to introduces
444 * a multi-byte sequence).
445 *
446 * This returns -1 if *ppch points to an
447 * invalid encoding (in which case the
448 * pointer is advanced anyway).
449 *
450 * This returns 0 if *ppch points to a
451 * null character.
452 *
453 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
454 *
455 *@@added V0.9.14 (2001-08-09) [umoeller]
456 */
457
458unsigned long encDecodeUTF8(const char **ppch)
459{
460 unsigned long ulChar;
461 unsigned long ulCount;
462 int fIllegal;
463
464 if (!(ulChar = **ppch))
465 // null is null
466 return 0;
467
468 // if (ulChar < 0x80): simple, one byte only... use that
469
470 if (ulChar < 0x80)
471 {
472 (*ppch)++;
473 return ulChar;
474 }
475
476 ulCount = 1;
477 fIllegal = 0;
478
479 // note: 0xc0 and 0xc1 are reserved and
480 // cannot appear as the first UTF-8 byte
481
482 if ( (ulChar >= 0xc2)
483 && (ulChar < 0xe0)
484 )
485 {
486 // that's two bytes
487 ulCount = 2;
488 ulChar &= 0x1f;
489 }
490 else if ((ulChar & 0xf0) == 0xe0)
491 {
492 // three bytes
493 ulCount = 3;
494 ulChar &= 0x0f;
495 }
496 else if ((ulChar & 0xf8) == 0xf0)
497 {
498 // four bytes
499 ulCount = 4;
500 ulChar &= 0x07;
501 }
502 else if ((ulChar & 0xfc) == 0xf8)
503 {
504 // five bytes
505 ulCount = 5;
506 ulChar &= 0x03;
507 }
508 else if ((ulChar & 0xfe) == 0xfc)
509 {
510 // six bytes
511 ulCount = 6;
512 ulChar &= 0x01;
513 }
514 else
515 ++fIllegal;
516
517 if (!fIllegal)
518 {
519 // go for the second and more bytes then
520 int ul2;
521
522 for (ul2 = 1;
523 ul2 < ulCount;
524 ++ul2)
525 {
526 unsigned long ulChar2 = *((*ppch) + ul2);
527
528 if (!(ulChar2 & 0xc0)) // != 0x80)
529 {
530 ++fIllegal;
531 break;
532 }
533
534 ulChar <<= 6;
535 ulChar |= ulChar2 & 0x3f;
536 }
537 }
538
539 if (fIllegal)
540 {
541 // skip all the following characters
542 // until we find something with bit 7 off
543 do
544 {
545 ulChar = *(++(*ppch));
546 if (!ulChar)
547 break;
548 } while (ulChar & 0x80);
549 }
550 else
551 *ppch += ulCount;
552
553 return ulChar;
554}
555
556/*
557 *@@ encInitCase:
558 * creates a casefold for later use with
559 * encToUpper.
560 *
561 * This only uses one-byte sequences from
562 * the Unicode case folding table (see
563 * include\encodings\unicase.h), so this
564 * cannot be used for expanding characters
565 * at this point.
566 *
567 * Returns 1 (TRUE) on success.
568 *
569 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
570 *
571 *@@added V0.9.20 (2002-07-03) [umoeller]
572 */
573
574int encInitCase(void)
575{
576 unsigned long ul,
577 cEntries = 0,
578 cb;
579
580 for (ul = 0;
581 ul < ARRAYITEMCOUNT(G_aCaseFolds);
582 ++ul)
583 {
584 // ignore CASEFL_T (duplicate entries for i chars)
585 // and CASEFL_F (expansions)
586 if ( (G_aCaseFolds[ul].fl & (CASEFL_C | CASEFL_S))
587 && (G_aCaseFolds[ul].ulLow > cEntries)
588 )
589 cEntries = G_aCaseFolds[ul].ulLow;
590 }
591
592 cb = sizeof(ENCCASEFOLD) + cEntries * sizeof(unsigned long);
593 if (G_pFold = (PENCCASEFOLD)malloc(cb))
594 {
595 memset(G_pFold, 0, cb);
596 G_pFold->cEntries = cEntries;
597
598 for (ul = 0;
599 ul < ARRAYITEMCOUNT(G_aCaseFolds);
600 ++ul)
601 {
602 if (G_aCaseFolds[ul].fl & (CASEFL_C | CASEFL_S))
603 G_pFold->aulFolds[G_aCaseFolds[ul].ulLow] = G_aCaseFolds[ul].c1;
604 }
605
606 return 1;
607 }
608
609 return 0;
610}
611
612/*
613 *@@ encToUpper:
614 * converts the given unicode character to
615 * upper case, if possible, or returns
616 * ulUni back if Unicode doesn't define
617 * an upper-case character for it.
618 *
619 * Special cases:
620 *
621 * -- Returns 0 for 0.
622 *
623 * Preconditions:
624 *
625 * -- You must call encInitCase before
626 * the first call.
627 *
628 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
629 *
630 *@@added V0.9.20 (2002-07-03) [umoeller]
631 */
632
633unsigned long encToUpper(unsigned long ulUni)
634{
635 unsigned long ulFold;
636
637 if ( (ulUni < G_pFold->cEntries)
638 && (ulFold = G_pFold->aulFolds[ulUni])
639 )
640 return ulFold;
641
642 return ulUni;
643}
644
645/*
646 *@@ encicmp:
647 * like stricmp, but for UTF-8 strings.
648 * This uses encToUpper for the comparisons.
649 *
650 * Like stricmp, this returns:
651 *
652 * -- -1 if pcsz1 is less than pcsz2
653 * -- 0 if pcsz1 is equal to pcsz2
654 * -- +1 if pcsz1 is greater than pcsz2
655 *
656 * However, this does not crash on passing
657 * in NULL strings.
658 *
659 * Preconditions:
660 *
661 * -- You must call encInitCase before
662 * the first call.
663 *
664 * This works and is presently used in WarpIN.
665 *
666 *@@added V0.9.20 (2002-07-03) [umoeller]
667 */
668
669int encicmp(const char *pcsz1,
670 const char *pcsz2)
671{
672 const char *p1 = pcsz1,
673 *p2 = pcsz2;
674
675 unsigned long ul1, ul2;
676
677 do
678 {
679 // encDecodeUTF8 returns null for null, so this is safe
680 ul1 = encToUpper(encDecodeUTF8(&p1));
681 ul2 = encToUpper(encDecodeUTF8(&p2));
682
683 if (ul1 < ul2)
684 return -1;
685 if (ul1 > ul2)
686 return +1;
687
688 // both are equal: check for null bytes then
689 if (!ul1)
690 if (!ul2)
691 return 0;
692 else
693 // ul1 is null, but ul2 isn't:
694 return -1;
695 else
696 if (!ul2)
697 // ul1 is not null, but ul2 is:
698 return +1;
699
700 // both are non-null: continue
701
702 } while (1);
703
704 return 0;
705}
706
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