| 1 | '\" t
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| 2 | .\" Title: smbd
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| 3 | .\" Author: [see the "AUTHOR" section]
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| 4 | .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.78.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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| 5 | .\" Date: 10/25/2016
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| 6 | .\" Manual: System Administration tools
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| 7 | .\" Source: Samba 4.4
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| 8 | .\" Language: English
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| 9 | .\"
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| 10 | .TH "SMBD" "8" "10/25/2016" "Samba 4\&.4" "System Administration tools"
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| 11 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 12 | .\" * Define some portability stuff
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| 13 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 14 | .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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| 15 | .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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| 16 | .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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| 17 | .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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| 18 | .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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| 19 | .el .ds Aq '
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| 20 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 21 | .\" * set default formatting
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| 22 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 23 | .\" disable hyphenation
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| 24 | .nh
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| 25 | .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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| 26 | .ad l
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| 27 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 28 | .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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| 29 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 30 | .SH "NAME"
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| 31 | smbd \- server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients
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| 32 | .SH "SYNOPSIS"
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| 33 | .HP \w'\ 'u
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| 34 | smbd [\-D|\-\-daemon] [\-F|\-\-foreground] [\-S|\-\-log\-stdout] [\-i|\-\-interactive] [\-V] [\-b|\-\-build\-options] [\-d\ <debug\ level>] [\-l|\-\-log\-basename\ <log\ directory>] [\-p\ <port\ number(s)>] [\-P\ <profiling\ level>] [\-s\ <configuration\ file>] [\-\-no\-process\-group]
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| 35 | .SH "DESCRIPTION"
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| 36 | .PP
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| 37 | This program is part of the
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| 38 | \fBsamba\fR(7)
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| 39 | suite\&.
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| 40 | .PP
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| 41 | smbd
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| 42 | is the server daemon that provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients\&. The server provides filespace and printer services to clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol\&. This is compatible with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager clients\&. These include MSCLIENT 3\&.0 for DOS, Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux\&.
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| 43 | .PP
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| 44 | An extensive description of the services that the server can provide is given in the man page for the configuration file controlling the attributes of those services (see
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| 45 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)\&. This man page will not describe the services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects of running the server\&.
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| 46 | .PP
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| 47 | Please note that there are significant security implications to running this server, and the
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| 48 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 49 | manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before proceeding with installation\&.
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| 50 | .PP
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| 51 | A session is created whenever a client requests one\&. Each client gets a copy of the server for each session\&. This copy then services all connections made by the client during that session\&. When all connections from its client are closed, the copy of the server for that client terminates\&.
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| 52 | .PP
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| 53 | The configuration file, and any files that it includes, are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change\&. You can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server\&. Reloading the configuration file will not affect connections to any service that is already established\&. Either the user will have to disconnect from the service, or
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| 54 | smbd
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| 55 | killed and restarted\&.
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| 56 | .SH "OPTIONS"
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| 57 | .PP
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| 58 | \-D|\-\-daemon
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| 59 | .RS 4
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| 60 | If specified, this parameter causes the server to operate as a daemon\&. That is, it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding requests on the appropriate port\&. Operating the server as a daemon is the recommended way of running
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| 61 | smbd
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| 62 | for servers that provide more than casual use file and print services\&. This switch is assumed if
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| 63 | smbd
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| 64 | is executed on the command line of a shell\&.
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| 65 | .RE
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| 66 | .PP
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| 67 | \-F|\-\-foreground
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| 68 | .RS 4
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| 69 | If specified, this parameter causes the main
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| 70 | smbd
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| 71 | process to not daemonize, i\&.e\&. double\-fork and disassociate with the terminal\&. Child processes are still created as normal to service each connection request, but the main process does not exit\&. This operation mode is suitable for running
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| 72 | smbd
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| 73 | under process supervisors such as
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| 74 | supervise
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| 75 | and
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| 76 | svscan
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| 77 | from Daniel J\&. Bernstein\*(Aqs
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| 78 | daemontools
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| 79 | package, or the AIX process monitor\&.
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| 80 | .RE
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| 81 | .PP
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| 82 | \-S|\-\-log\-stdout
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| 83 | .RS 4
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| 84 | If specified, this parameter causes
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| 85 | smbd
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| 86 | to log to standard output rather than a file\&.
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| 87 | .RE
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| 88 | .PP
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| 89 | \-i|\-\-interactive
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| 90 | .RS 4
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| 91 | If this parameter is specified it causes the server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the server is executed on the command line of a shell\&. Setting this parameter negates the implicit daemon mode when run from the command line\&.
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| 92 | smbd
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| 93 | will only accept one connection and terminate\&. It will also log to standard output, as if the
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| 94 | \-S
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| 95 | parameter had been given\&.
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| 96 | .RE
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| 97 | .PP
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| 98 | \-\-no\-process\-group
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| 99 | .RS 4
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| 100 | Do not create a new process group for smbd\&.
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| 101 | .RE
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| 102 | .PP
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| 103 | \-b|\-\-build\-options
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| 104 | .RS 4
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| 105 | Prints information about how Samba was built\&.
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| 106 | .RE
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| 107 | .PP
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| 108 | \-p|\-\-port<port number(s)>
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| 109 | .RS 4
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| 110 | \fIport number(s)\fR
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| 111 | is a space or comma\-separated list of TCP ports smbd should listen on\&. The default value is taken from the
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| 112 | \m[blue]\fBports\fR\m[]
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| 113 | parameter in
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| 114 | .sp
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| 115 | The default ports are 139 (used for SMB over NetBIOS over TCP) and port 445 (used for plain SMB over TCP)\&.
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| 116 | .RE
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| 117 | .PP
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| 118 | \-P|\-\-profiling\-level<profiling level>
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| 119 | .RS 4
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| 120 | \fIprofiling level\fR
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| 121 | is a number specifying the level of profiling data to be collected\&. 0 turns off profiling, 1 turns on counter profiling only, 2 turns on complete profiling, and 3 resets all profiling data\&.
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| 122 | .RE
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| 123 | .SH "FILES"
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| 124 | .PP
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| 125 | /etc/inetd\&.conf
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| 126 | .RS 4
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| 127 | If the server is to be run by the
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| 128 | inetd
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| 129 | meta\-daemon, this file must contain suitable startup information for the meta\-daemon\&.
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| 130 | .RE
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| 131 | .PP
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| 132 | /etc/rc
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| 133 | .RS 4
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| 134 | or whatever initialization script your system uses)\&.
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| 135 | .sp
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| 136 | If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to contain an appropriate startup sequence for the server\&.
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| 137 | .RE
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| 138 | .PP
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| 139 | /etc/services
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| 140 | .RS 4
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| 141 | If running the server via the meta\-daemon
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| 142 | inetd, this file must contain a mapping of service name (e\&.g\&., netbios\-ssn) to service port (e\&.g\&., 139) and protocol type (e\&.g\&., tcp)\&.
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| 143 | .RE
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| 144 | .PP
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| 145 | /usr/local/samba/lib/smb\&.conf
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| 146 | .RS 4
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| 147 | This is the default location of the
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| 148 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 149 | server configuration file\&. Other common places that systems install this file are
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| 150 | /usr/samba/lib/smb\&.conf
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| 151 | and
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| 152 | /etc/samba/smb\&.conf\&.
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| 153 | .sp
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| 154 | This file describes all the services the server is to make available to clients\&. See
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| 155 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 156 | for more information\&.
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| 157 | .RE
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| 158 | .SH "LIMITATIONS"
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| 159 | .PP
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| 160 | On some systems
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| 161 | smbd
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| 162 | cannot change uid back to root after a setuid() call\&. Such systems are called trapdoor uid systems\&. If you have such a system, you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as two different users at once\&. Attempts to connect the second user will result in access denied or similar\&.
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| 163 | .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
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| 164 | .PP
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| 165 | \fBPRINTER\fR
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| 166 | .RS 4
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| 167 | If no printer name is specified to printable services, most systems will use the value of this variable (or
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| 168 | \fBlp\fR
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| 169 | if this variable is not defined) as the name of the printer to use\&. This is not specific to the server, however\&.
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| 170 | .RE
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| 171 | .SH "PAM INTERACTION"
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| 172 | .PP
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| 173 | Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for session management\&. The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the
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| 174 | \m[blue]\fBobey pam restrictions\fR\m[]\fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 175 | parameter\&. When this is set, the following restrictions apply:
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| 176 | .sp
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| 177 | .RS 4
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| 178 | .ie n \{\
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| 179 | \h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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| 180 | .\}
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| 181 | .el \{\
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| 182 | .sp -1
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| 183 | .IP \(bu 2.3
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| 184 | .\}
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| 185 | \fIAccount Validation\fR: All accesses to a samba server are checked against PAM to see if the account is valid, not disabled and is permitted to login at this time\&. This also applies to encrypted logins\&.
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| 186 | .RE
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| 187 | .sp
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| 188 | .RS 4
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| 189 | .ie n \{\
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| 190 | \h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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| 191 | .\}
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| 192 | .el \{\
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| 193 | .sp -1
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| 194 | .IP \(bu 2.3
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| 195 | .\}
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| 196 | \fISession Management\fR: When not using share level security, users must pass PAM\*(Aqs session checks before access is granted\&. Note however, that this is bypassed in share level security\&. Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line added for session support\&.
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| 197 | .RE
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| 198 | .SH "VERSION"
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| 199 | .PP
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| 200 | This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite\&.
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| 201 | .SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
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| 202 | .PP
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| 203 | Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged in a specified log file\&. The log file name is specified at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line\&.
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| 204 | .PP
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| 205 | The number and nature of diagnostics available depends on the debug level used by the server\&. If you have problems, set the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files\&.
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| 206 | .PP
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| 207 | Most messages are reasonably self\-explanatory\&. Unfortunately, at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics available in the source code to warrant describing each and every diagnostic\&. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the diagnostics you are seeing\&.
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| 208 | .SH "TDB FILES"
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| 209 | .PP
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| 210 | Samba stores it\*(Aqs data in several TDB (Trivial Database) files, usually located in
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| 211 | /var/lib/samba\&.
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| 212 | .PP
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| 213 | (*) information persistent across restarts (but not necessarily important to backup)\&.
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| 214 | .PP
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| 215 | account_policy\&.tdb*
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| 216 | .RS 4
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| 217 | NT account policy settings such as pw expiration, etc\&.\&.\&.
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| 218 | .RE
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| 219 | .PP
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| 220 | brlock\&.tdb
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| 221 | .RS 4
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| 222 | byte range locks
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| 223 | .RE
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| 224 | .PP
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| 225 | browse\&.dat
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| 226 | .RS 4
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| 227 | browse lists
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| 228 | .RE
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| 229 | .PP
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| 230 | gencache\&.tdb
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| 231 | .RS 4
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| 232 | generic caching db
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| 233 | .RE
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| 234 | .PP
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| 235 | group_mapping\&.tdb*
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| 236 | .RS 4
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| 237 | group mapping information
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| 238 | .RE
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| 239 | .PP
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| 240 | locking\&.tdb
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| 241 | .RS 4
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| 242 | share modes & oplocks
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| 243 | .RE
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| 244 | .PP
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| 245 | login_cache\&.tdb*
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| 246 | .RS 4
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| 247 | bad pw attempts
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| 248 | .RE
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| 249 | .PP
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| 250 | messages\&.tdb
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| 251 | .RS 4
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| 252 | Samba messaging system
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| 253 | .RE
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| 254 | .PP
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| 255 | netsamlogon_cache\&.tdb*
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| 256 | .RS 4
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| 257 | cache of user net_info_3 struct from net_samlogon() request (as a domain member)
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| 258 | .RE
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| 259 | .PP
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| 260 | ntdrivers\&.tdb*
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| 261 | .RS 4
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| 262 | installed printer drivers
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| 263 | .RE
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| 264 | .PP
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| 265 | ntforms\&.tdb*
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| 266 | .RS 4
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| 267 | installed printer forms
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| 268 | .RE
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| 269 | .PP
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| 270 | ntprinters\&.tdb*
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| 271 | .RS 4
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| 272 | installed printer information
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| 273 | .RE
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| 274 | .PP
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| 275 | printing/
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| 276 | .RS 4
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| 277 | directory containing tdb per print queue of cached lpq output
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| 278 | .RE
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| 279 | .PP
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| 280 | registry\&.tdb
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| 281 | .RS 4
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| 282 | Windows registry skeleton (connect via regedit\&.exe)
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| 283 | .RE
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| 284 | .PP
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| 285 | smbXsrv_session_global\&.tdb
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| 286 | .RS 4
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| 287 | session information (e\&.g\&. support for \*(Aqutmp = yes\*(Aq)
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| 288 | .RE
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| 289 | .PP
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| 290 | smbXsrv_tcon_global\&.tdb
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| 291 | .RS 4
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| 292 | share connections (used to enforce max connections, etc\&.\&.\&.)
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| 293 | .RE
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| 294 | .PP
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| 295 | smbXsrv_open_global\&.tdb
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| 296 | .RS 4
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| 297 | open file handles (used durable handles, etc\&.\&.\&.)
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| 298 | .RE
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| 299 | .PP
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| 300 | share_info\&.tdb*
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| 301 | .RS 4
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| 302 | share acls
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| 303 | .RE
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| 304 | .PP
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| 305 | winbindd_cache\&.tdb
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| 306 | .RS 4
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| 307 | winbindd\*(Aqs cache of user lists, etc\&.\&.\&.
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| 308 | .RE
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| 309 | .PP
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| 310 | winbindd_idmap\&.tdb*
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| 311 | .RS 4
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| 312 | winbindd\*(Aqs local idmap db
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| 313 | .RE
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| 314 | .PP
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| 315 | wins\&.dat*
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| 316 | .RS 4
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| 317 | wins database when \*(Aqwins support = yes\*(Aq
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| 318 | .RE
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| 319 | .SH "SIGNALS"
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| 320 | .PP
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| 321 | Sending the
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| 322 | smbd
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| 323 | a SIGHUP will cause it to reload its
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| 324 | smb\&.conf
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| 325 | configuration file within a short period of time\&.
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| 326 | .PP
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| 327 | To shut down a user\*(Aqs
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| 328 | smbd
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| 329 | process it is recommended that
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| 330 | SIGKILL (\-9)\fINOT\fR
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| 331 | be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared memory area in an inconsistent state\&. The safe way to terminate an
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| 332 | smbd
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| 333 | is to send it a SIGTERM (\-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own\&.
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| 334 | .PP
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| 335 | The debug log level of
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| 336 | smbd
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| 337 | may be raised or lowered using
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| 338 | \fBsmbcontrol\fR(1)
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| 339 | program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer used since Samba 2\&.2)\&. This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running at a normally low log level\&.
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| 340 | .PP
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| 341 | Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, they are not re\-entrant in
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| 342 | smbd\&. This you should wait until
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| 343 | smbd
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| 344 | is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before issuing them\&. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe by un\-blocking the signals before the select call and re\-blocking them after, however this would affect performance\&.
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| 345 | .SH "SEE ALSO"
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| 346 | .PP
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| 347 | \fBhosts_access\fR(5),
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| 348 | \fBinetd\fR(8),
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| 349 | \fBnmbd\fR(8),
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| 350 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5),
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| 351 | \fBsmbclient\fR(1),
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| 352 | \fBtestparm\fR(1), and the Internet RFC\*(Aqs
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| 353 | rfc1001\&.txt,
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| 354 | rfc1002\&.txt\&. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available as a link from the Web page
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| 355 | http://samba\&.org/cifs/\&.
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| 356 | .SH "AUTHOR"
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| 357 | .PP
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| 358 | The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell\&. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed\&.
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| 359 | .PP
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| 360 | The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer\&. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at
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| 361 | ftp://ftp\&.icce\&.rug\&.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2\&.0 release by Jeremy Allison\&. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2\&.2 was done by Gerald Carter\&. The conversion to DocBook XML 4\&.2 for Samba 3\&.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy\&.
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