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1<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 36. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.5.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="migration.html" title="Part IV. Migration and Updating"><link rel="prev" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html" title="Chapter 35. Updating and Upgrading Samba"><link rel="next" href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter 37. SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 36. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. Migration and Updating</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 36. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 36. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>&gt;</code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id441392">Planning and Getting Started</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id441422">Objectives</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id442286">Steps in Migration Process</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id442509">Migration Options</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id442592">Planning for Success</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="NT4Migration.html#id442812">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
2<a class="indexterm" name="id441376"></a>
3<a class="indexterm" name="id441383"></a>
4This is a rough guide to assist those wishing to migrate from NT4 domain control to
5Samba-3-based domain control.
6</p><div class="sect1" title="Planning and Getting Started"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id441392"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div></div><p>
7<a class="indexterm" name="id441400"></a>
8In the IT world there is often a saying that all problems are encountered because of
9poor planning. The corollary to this saying is that not all problems can be anticipated
10and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticipate most show-stopper-type situations.
11</p><p>
12<a class="indexterm" name="id441412"></a>
13Those wishing to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-3 domain control
14environment would do well to develop a detailed migration plan. So here are a few pointers to
15help migration get underway.
16</p><div class="sect2" title="Objectives"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id441422"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div></div><p>
17<a class="indexterm" name="id441430"></a>
18The key objective for most organizations is to make the migration from MS Windows NT4
19to Samba-3 domain control as painless as possible. One of the challenges you may experience
20in your migration process may well be convincing management that the new environment
21should remain in place. Many who have introduced open source technologies have experienced
22pressure to return to a Microsoft-based platform solution at the first sign of trouble.
23</p><p>
24<a class="indexterm" name="id441444"></a>
25Before attempting a migration to a Samba-3-controlled network, make every possible effort to
26gain all-round commitment to the change. Know precisely <span class="emphasis"><em>why</em></span> the change
27is important for the organization. Possible motivations to make a change include:
28</p><a class="indexterm" name="id441457"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441464"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441471"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441478"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441484"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Improve network manageability.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Obtain better user-level functionality.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Reduce network operating costs.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Reduce exposure caused by Microsoft withdrawal of NT4 support.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Avoid MS License 6 implications.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Reduce organization's dependency on Microsoft.</p></li></ul></div><p>
29<a class="indexterm" name="id441525"></a>
30<a class="indexterm" name="id441532"></a>
31<a class="indexterm" name="id441539"></a>
32<a class="indexterm" name="id441545"></a>
33<a class="indexterm" name="id441552"></a>
34<a class="indexterm" name="id441559"></a>
35Make sure everyone knows that Samba-3 is not MS Windows NT4. Samba-3 offers
36an alternative solution that is both different from MS Windows NT4 and offers
37advantages compared with it. Gain recognition that Samba-3 lacks many of the
38features that Microsoft has promoted as core values in migration from MS Windows NT4 to
39MS Windows 2000 and beyond (with or without Active Directory services).
40</p><p>
41What are the features that Samba-3 cannot provide?
42</p><a class="indexterm" name="id441574"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441581"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441587"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441594"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441601"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Active Directory Server.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Group Policy Objects (in Active Directory).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Machine Policy Objects.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Logon Scripts in Active Directory.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Software Application and Access Controls in Active Directory.</p></li></ul></div><p>
43The features that Samba-3 does provide and that may be of compelling interest to your site
44include:
45</p><a class="indexterm" name="id441639"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441646"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441652"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441659"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441666"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441673"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441680"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441686"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441693"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441700"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441707"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441714"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441720"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441727"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id441734"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Lower cost of ownership.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Global availability of support with no strings attached.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Dynamic SMB servers (can run more than one SMB/CIFS server per UNIX/Linux system).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Creation of on-the-fly logon scripts.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Creation of on-the-fly policy files.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Greater stability, reliability, performance, and availability.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Manageability via an SSH connection.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Flexible choices of backend authentication technologies (tdbsam, ldapsam).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ability to implement a full single-sign-on architecture.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ability to distribute authentication systems for absolute minimum wide-area network bandwidth demand.</p></li></ul></div><p>
46<a class="indexterm" name="id441795"></a>
47Before migrating a network from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3, consider all necessary factors. Users
48should be educated about changes they may experience so the change will be a welcome one
49and not become an obstacle to the work they need to do. The following sections explain factors that will
50help ensure a successful migration.
51</p><div class="sect3" title="Domain Layout"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id441806"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div></div><p>
52<a class="indexterm" name="id441814"></a>
53<a class="indexterm" name="id441820"></a>
54<a class="indexterm" name="id441827"></a>
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68Samba-3 can be configured as a domain controller, a backup domain controller (probably best called
69a secondary controller), a domain member, or a standalone server. The Windows network security
70domain context should be sized and scoped before implementation. Particular attention needs to be
71paid to the location of the Primary Domain Controller (PDC) as well as backup controllers (BDCs).
72One way in which Samba-3 differs from Microsoft technology is that if one chooses to use an LDAP
73authentication backend, then the same database can be used by several different domains. In a
74complex organization, there can be a single LDAP database, which itself can be distributed (have
75a master server and multiple slave servers) that can simultaneously serve multiple domains.
76</p><p>
77<a class="indexterm" name="id441932"></a>
78From a design perspective, the number of users per server as well as the number of servers per
79domain should be scaled taking into consideration server capacity and network bandwidth.
80</p><p>
81<a class="indexterm" name="id441944"></a>
82<a class="indexterm" name="id441951"></a>
83<a class="indexterm" name="id441958"></a>
84<a class="indexterm" name="id441964"></a>
85<a class="indexterm" name="id441971"></a>
86<a class="indexterm" name="id441978"></a>
87A physical network segment may house several domains. Each may span multiple network segments.
88Where domains span routed network segments, consider and test the performance implications of
89the design and layout of a network. A centrally located domain controller that is designed to
90serve multiple routed network segments may result in severe performance problems. Check the
91response time (ping timing) between the remote segment and the PDC. If it's long (more than 100 ms),
92locate a BDC on the remote segment to serve as the local authentication and access control server.
93</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Server Share and Directory Layout"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id441992"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div></div><p>
94<a class="indexterm" name="id441999"></a>
95<a class="indexterm" name="id442006"></a>
96There are cardinal rules to effective network design that cannot be broken with impunity.
97The most important rule: Simplicity is king in every well-controlled network. Every part of
98the infrastructure must be managed; the more complex it is, the greater will be the demand
99of keeping systems secure and functional.
100</p><p>
101<a class="indexterm" name="id442019"></a>
102<a class="indexterm" name="id442026"></a>
103<a class="indexterm" name="id442033"></a>
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107Keep in mind the nature of how data must be shared. Physical disk space layout should be considered
108carefully. Some data must be backed up. The simpler the disk layout, the easier it will be to
109keep track of backup needs. Identify what backup media will meet your needs; consider backup to tape,
110CD-ROM or DVD-ROM, or other offline storage medium. Plan and implement for minimum
111maintenance. Leave nothing to chance in your design; above all, do not leave backups to chance:
112backup, test, and validate every backup; create a disaster recovery plan and prove that it works.
113</p><p>
114<a class="indexterm" name="id442068"></a>
115<a class="indexterm" name="id442075"></a>
116<a class="indexterm" name="id442082"></a>
117Users should be grouped according to data access control needs. File and directory access
118is best controlled via group permissions, and the use of the <span class="quote">&#8220;<span class="quote">sticky bit</span>&#8221;</span> on group-controlled
119directories may substantially avoid file access complaints from Samba share users.
120</p><p>
121<a class="indexterm" name="id442098"></a>
122<a class="indexterm" name="id442104"></a>
123<a class="indexterm" name="id442111"></a>
124<a class="indexterm" name="id442118"></a>
125<a class="indexterm" name="id442125"></a>
126Inexperienced network administrators often attempt elaborate techniques to set access
127controls on files, directories, shares, as well as in share definitions.
128Keep your design and implementation simple and document your design extensively. Have others
129audit your documentation. Do not create a complex mess that your successor will not understand.
130Remember, job security through complex design and implementation may cause loss of operations
131and downtime to users as the new administrator learns to untangle your knots. Keep access
132controls simple and effective, and make sure that users will never be interrupted by obtuse
133complexity.
134</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Logon Scripts"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id442139"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div></div><p>
135<a class="indexterm" name="id442147"></a>
136Logon scripts can help to ensure that all users gain the share and printer connections they need.
137</p><p>
138Logon scripts can be created on the fly so all commands executed are specific to the
139rights and privileges granted to the user. The preferred controls should be effected through
140group membership so group information can be used to create a custom logon script using
141the <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#ROOTPREEXEC" target="_top">root preexec</a> parameters to the <em class="parameter"><code>NETLOGON</code></em> share.
142</p><p>
143<a class="indexterm" name="id442182"></a>
144Some sites prefer to use a tool such as <code class="literal">kixstart</code> to establish a controlled
145user environment. In any case, you may wish to do a Google search for logon script process controls.
146In particular, you may wish to explore the use of the Microsoft Knowledge Base article KB189105 that
147deals with how to add printers without user intervention via the logon script process.
148</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Profile Migration/Creation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id442200"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div></div><p>
149User and group profiles may be migrated using the tools described in the section titled Desktop Profile
150Management.
151</p><p>
152<a class="indexterm" name="id442212"></a>
153<a class="indexterm" name="id442218"></a>
154Profiles may also be managed using the Samba-3 tool <code class="literal">profiles</code>. This tool allows the MS
155Windows NT-style security identifiers (SIDs) that are stored inside the profile
156<code class="filename">NTuser.DAT</code> file to be changed to the SID of the Samba-3 domain.
157</p></div><div class="sect3" title="User and Group Accounts"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id442241"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div></div><p>
158<a class="indexterm" name="id442249"></a>
159<a class="indexterm" name="id442256"></a>
160<a class="indexterm" name="id442262"></a>
161<a class="indexterm" name="id442269"></a>
162It is possible to migrate all account settings from an MS Windows NT4 domain to Samba-3. Before
163attempting to migrate user and group accounts, you are STRONGLY advised to create in Samba-3 the
164groups that are present on the MS Windows NT4 domain <span class="emphasis"><em>AND</em></span> to map them to
165suitable UNIX/Linux groups. By following this simple advice, all user and group attributes
166should migrate painlessly.
167</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Steps in Migration Process"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id442286"></a>Steps in Migration Process</h3></div></div></div><p>
168The approximate migration process is described below.
169</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
170 You have an NT4 PDC that has the users, groups, policies, and profiles to be migrated.
171 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
172<a class="indexterm" name="id442306"></a>
173<a class="indexterm" name="id442313"></a>
174<a class="indexterm" name="id442319"></a>
175 Samba-3 is set up as a domain controller with netlogon share, profile share, and so on. Configure the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file
176 to function as a BDC: <em class="parameter"><code>domain master = No</code></em>.
177 </p></li></ul></div><div class="procedure" title="Procedure 36.1. The Account Migration Process"><a name="id442341"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 36.1. The Account Migration Process</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id442427"></a><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step" title="Step 1"><p>
178 <a class="indexterm" name="id442352"></a>
179 Create a BDC account in the old NT4 domain for the Samba server using NT Server Manager.
180 <span class="emphasis"><em>Samba must not be running.</em></span>
181 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 2"><p>
182 <a class="indexterm" name="id442370"></a>
183 <strong class="userinput"><code>net rpc join -S <em class="replaceable"><code>NT4PDC</code></em> -w <em class="replaceable"><code>DOMNAME</code></em> -U
184 Administrator%<em class="replaceable"><code>passwd</code></em></code></strong>
185 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 3"><p>
186<a class="indexterm" name="id442403"></a>
187 <strong class="userinput"><code>net rpc vampire -S <em class="replaceable"><code>NT4PDC</code></em> -U
188 administrator%<em class="replaceable"><code>passwd</code></em></code></strong>
189 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 4"><p><strong class="userinput"><code>pdbedit -L</code></strong></p><p>Note: Did the users migrate?</p></li><li class="step" title="Step 5"><p>
190 <a class="indexterm" name="id442454"></a>
191 <a class="indexterm" name="id442463"></a>
192 Now assign each of the UNIX groups to NT groups:
193 (It may be useful to copy this text to a script called <code class="filename">initGroups.sh</code>)
194 </p><pre class="programlisting">
195#!/bin/bash
196#### Keep this as a shell script for future re-use
197
198# First assign well known domain global groups
199net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=root rid=512 type=d
200net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Users" unixgroup=users rid=513 type=d
201net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Guests" unixgroup=nobody rid=514 type=d
202
203# Now for our added domain global groups
204net groupmap add ntgroup="Designers" unixgroup=designers type=d
205net groupmap add ntgroup="Engineers" unixgroup=engineers type=d
206net groupmap add ntgroup="QA Team" unixgroup=qateam type=d
207</pre><p>
208 </p></li><li class="step" title="Step 6"><p><strong class="userinput"><code>net groupmap list</code></strong></p><p>Check that all groups are recognized.
209 </p></li></ol></div><p>
210Migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files.
211</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Migration Options"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id442509"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div></div><p>
212Sites that wish to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-based solution
213generally fit into three basic categories. <a class="link" href="NT4Migration.html#majtypes" title="Table 36.1. The Three Major Site Types">Following table</a> shows the possibilities.
214</p><div class="table"><a name="majtypes"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 36.1. The Three Major Site Types</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="The Three Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Number of Users</th><th align="justify">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">&lt; 50</td><td align="justify"><p>Want simple conversion with no pain.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">50 - 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Want new features; can manage some inhouse complexity.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">&gt; 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Solution/implementation must scale well; complex needs.
215 Cross-departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><div class="sect2" title="Planning for Success"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id442592"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div></div><p>
216There are three basic choices for sites that intend to migrate from MS Windows NT4
217to Samba-3:
218</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
219 Simple conversion (total replacement).
220 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
221 Upgraded conversion (could be one of integration).
222 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
223 Complete redesign (completely new solution).
224 </p></li></ul></div><p>
225Minimize downstream problems by:
226</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
227 Taking sufficient time.
228 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
229 Avoiding panic.
230 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
231 Testing all assumptions.
232 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
233 Testing the full roll-out program, including workstation deployment.
234 </p></li></ul></div><p><a class="link" href="NT4Migration.html#natconchoices" title="Table 36.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices">Following table</a> lists the conversion choices given the type of migration
235being contemplated.
236</p><div class="table"><a name="natconchoices"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 36.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="justify">Simple Install</th><th align="justify">Upgrade Decisions</th><th align="justify">Redesign Decisions</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make use of minimal OS-specific features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Improve on NT4 functionality, enhance management capabilities</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Move all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Copy and improve</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Authentication regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Desktop management methods</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Minimize user impact</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Better control of Desktops/Users</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Live versus isolated conversion</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Maximize functionality</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Identify Needs for: <span class="emphasis"><em>Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</em></span></p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Integrate Samba-3, then migrate while users are active, then change of control (swap out)</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td align="justify"><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="Samba-3 Implementation Choices"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id442812"></a>Samba-3 Implementation Choices</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Authentication Database/Backend</span></dt><dd><p>
237 Samba-3 can use an external authentication backend:
238 </p><p>
239 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Winbind (external Samba or NT4/200x server).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>External server could use Active Directory or NT4 domain.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Can use pam_mkhomedir.so to autocreate home directories.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Samba-3 can use a local authentication backend: <em class="parameter"><code>smbpasswd</code></em>,
240 <em class="parameter"><code>tdbsam</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>ldapsam</code></em>
241 </p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Access Control Points</span></dt><dd><p>
242 Samba permits Access Control points to be set:
243 </p><a class="indexterm" name="id442882"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id442889"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id442896"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id442903"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>On the share itself using share ACLs.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>On the file system using UNIX permissions on files and directories.</p><p>Note: Can enable Posix ACLs in file system also.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Through Samba share parameters not recommended except as last resort.</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Policies (migrate or create new ones)</span></dt><dd><p>
244<a class="indexterm" name="id442948"></a>
245<a class="indexterm" name="id442954"></a>
246 Exercise great caution when making registry changes; use the right tool and be aware
247 that changes made through NT4-style <code class="filename">NTConfig.POL</code> files can leave
248 permanent changes.
249<a class="indexterm" name="id442968"></a>
250<a class="indexterm" name="id442975"></a>
251<a class="indexterm" name="id442982"></a>
252 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Using Group Policy Editor (NT4).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Watch out for tattoo effect.</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">User and Group Profiles</span></dt><dd><p>
253<a class="indexterm" name="id443012"></a>
254<a class="indexterm" name="id443019"></a>
255 Platform-specific, so use platform tool to change from a local to a roaming profile.
256 Can use new profiles tool to change SIDs (<code class="filename">NTUser.DAT</code>).
257 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Logon Scripts</span></dt><dd><p>
258 Know how they work.
259 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">User and Group Mapping to UNIX/Linux</span></dt><dd><p>
260 <a class="indexterm" name="id443055"></a>
261 User and group mapping code is new. Many problems have been experienced as network administrators
262 who are familiar with Samba-2.2.x migrate to Samba-3. Carefully study the chapters that document
263 the new password backend behavior and the new group mapping functionality.
264 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>The <em class="parameter"><code>username map</code></em> facility may be needed.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Use <code class="literal">net groupmap</code> to connect NT4 groups to UNIX groups.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
265 Use <code class="literal">pdbedit</code> to set/change user configuration.
266 </p><p>
267 When migrating to LDAP backend, it may be easier to dump the initial
268 LDAP database to LDIF, edit, then reload into LDAP.
269 </p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">OS-Specific Scripts/Programs May be Needed</span></dt><dd><p>
270 Every operating system has its peculiarities. These are the result of engineering decisions
271 that were based on the experience of the designer and may have side effects that were not
272 anticipated. Limitations that may bite the Windows network administrator include:
273 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Add/Delete Users: Note OS limits on size of name
274 (Linux 8 chars, NT4 up to 254 chars).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Add/Delete Machines: Applied only to domain members
275 (Note: machine names may be limited to 16 characters).</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Use <code class="literal">net groupmap</code> to connect NT4 groups to UNIX groups.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Add/Delete Groups: Note OS limits on size and nature.
276 Linux limit is 16 char, no spaces, and no uppercase chars (<code class="literal">groupadd</code>).</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Migration Tools</span></dt><dd><p>
277 <a class="indexterm" name="id443163"></a>
278 Domain Control (NT4-Style) Profiles, Policies, Access Controls, Security
279 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Samba: <code class="literal">net, rpcclient, smbpasswd, pdbedit, profiles</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Windows: <code class="literal">NT4 Domain User Manager, Server Manager (NEXUS)</code></p></li></ul></div></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="migration.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 35. Updating and Upgrading Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 37. SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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