| 1 | .\"Generated by db2man.xsl. Don't modify this, modify the source.
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| 2 | .de Sh \" Subsection
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| 3 | .br
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| 4 | .if t .Sp
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| 5 | .ne 5
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| 6 | .PP
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| 7 | \fB\\$1\fR
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| 8 | .PP
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| 9 | ..
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| 10 | .de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
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| 11 | .if t .sp .5v
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| 12 | .if n .sp
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| 13 | ..
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| 14 | .de Ip \" List item
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| 15 | .br
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| 16 | .ie \\n(.$>=3 .ne \\$3
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| 17 | .el .ne 3
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| 18 | .IP "\\$1" \\$2
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| 19 | ..
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| 20 | .TH "SMBPASSWD" 5 "" "" ""
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| 21 | .SH NAME
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| 22 | smbpasswd \- The Samba encrypted password file
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| 23 | .SH "SYNOPSIS"
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| 24 |
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| 25 | .PP
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| 26 | \fIsmbpasswd\fR
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| 27 |
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| 28 | .SH "DESCRIPTION"
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| 29 |
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| 30 | .PP
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| 31 | This tool is part of the \fBsamba\fR(7) suite\&.
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| 32 |
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| 33 | .PP
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| 34 | smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file\&. It contains the username, Unix user id and the SMB hashed passwords of the user, as well as account flag information and the time the password was last changed\&. This file format has been evolving with Samba and has had several different formats in the past\&.
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| 35 |
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| 36 | .SH "FILE FORMAT"
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| 37 |
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| 38 | .PP
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| 39 | The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2\&.2 is very similar to the familiar Unix \fIpasswd(5)\fR file\&. It is an ASCII file containing one line for each user\&. Each field ithin each line is separated from the next by a colon\&. Any entry beginning with '#' is ignored\&. The smbpasswd file contains the following information for each user:
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| 40 |
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| 41 | .TP
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| 42 | name
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| 43 | This is the user name\&. It must be a name that already exists in the standard UNIX passwd file\&.
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| 44 |
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| 45 | .TP
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| 46 | uid
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| 47 | This is the UNIX uid\&. It must match the uid field for the same user entry in the standard UNIX passwd file\&. If this does not match then Samba will refuse to recognize this smbpasswd file entry as being valid for a user\&.
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| 48 |
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| 49 | .TP
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| 50 | Lanman Password Hash
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| 51 | This is the LANMAN hash of the user's password, encoded as 32 hex digits\&. The LANMAN hash is created by DES encrypting a well known string with the user's password as the DES key\&. This is the same password used by Windows 95/98 machines\&. Note that this password hash is regarded as weak as it is vulnerable to dictionary attacks and if two users choose the same password this entry will be identical (i\&.e\&. the password is not "salted" as the UNIX password is)\&. If the user has a null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD" as the start of the hex string\&. If the hex string is equal to 32 'X' characters then the user's account is marked as\fBdisabled\fR and the user will not be able to log onto the Samba server\&.
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| 52 |
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| 53 | \fBWARNING !!\fR Note that, due to the challenge\-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be able to impersonate the user on the network\&. For this reason these hashes are known as \fBplain text equivalents\fR and must \fBNOT\fR be made available to anyone but the root user\&. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no other access\&.
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| 54 |
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| 55 | .TP
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| 56 | NT Password Hash
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| 57 | This is the Windows NT hash of the user's password, encoded as 32 hex digits\&. The Windows NT hash is created by taking the user's password as represented in 16\-bit, little\-endian UNICODE and then applying the MD4 (internet rfc1321) hashing algorithm to it\&.
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| 58 |
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| 59 | This password hash is considered more secure than the LANMAN Password Hash as it preserves the case of the password and uses a much higher quality hashing algorithm\&. However, it is still the case that if two users choose the same password this entry will be identical (i\&.e\&. the password is not "salted" as the UNIX password is)\&.
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| 60 |
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| 61 | \fBWARNING !!\fR\&. Note that, due to the challenge\-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be able to impersonate the user on the network\&. For this reason these hashes are known as \fBplain text equivalents\fR and must \fBNOT\fR be made available to anyone but the root user\&. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no other access\&.
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| 62 |
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| 63 | .TP
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| 64 | Account Flags
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| 65 | This section contains flags that describe the attributes of the users account\&. This field is bracketed by '[' and ']' characters and is always 13 characters in length (including the '[' and ']' characters)\&. The contents of this field may be any of the following characters:
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| 66 |
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| 67 |
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| 68 | .RS
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| 69 | .TP 3
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| 70 | \(bu
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| 71 | \fBU\fR \- This means this is a "User" account, i\&.e\&. an ordinary user\&.
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| 72 | .TP
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| 73 | \(bu
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| 74 | \fBN\fR \- This means the account has no password (the passwords in the fields LANMAN Password Hash and NT Password Hash are ignored)\&. Note that this will only allow users to log on with no password if the \fI null passwords\fR parameter is set in the\fBsmb\&.conf\fR(5) config file\&.
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| 75 | .TP
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| 76 | \(bu
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| 77 | \fBD\fR \- This means the account is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed for this user\&.
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| 78 | .TP
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| 79 | \(bu
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| 80 | \fBX\fR \- This means the password does not expire\&.
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| 81 | .TP
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| 82 | \(bu
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| 83 | \fBW\fR \- This means this account is a "Workstation Trust" account\&. This kind of account is used in the Samba PDC code stream to allow Windows NT Workstations and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC\&.
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| 84 | .LP
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| 85 | .RE
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| 86 | .IP
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| 87 | Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future\&. The rest of this field space is filled in with spaces\&. For further information regarding the flags that are supported please refer to the man page for the \fBpdbedit\fR command\&.
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| 88 |
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| 89 | .TP
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| 90 | Last Change Time
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| 91 | This field consists of the time the account was last modified\&. It consists of the characters 'LCT\-' (standing for "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric encoding of the UNIX time in seconds since the epoch (1970) that the last change was made\&.
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| 92 |
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| 93 | .PP
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| 94 | All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time\&.
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| 95 |
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| 96 | .SH "VERSION"
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| 97 |
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| 98 | .PP
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| 99 | This man page is correct for version 3\&.0 of the Samba suite\&.
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| 100 |
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| 101 | .SH "SEE ALSO"
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| 102 |
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| 103 | .PP
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| 104 | \fBsmbpasswd\fR(8), \fBSamba\fR(7), and the Internet RFC1321 for details on the MD4 algorithm\&.
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| 105 |
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| 106 | .SH "AUTHOR"
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| 107 |
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| 108 | .PP
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| 109 | The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell\&. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed\&.
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| 110 |
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| 111 | .PP
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| 112 | The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer\&. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at ftp://ftp\&.icce\&.rug\&.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2\&.0 release by Jeremy Allison\&. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2\&.2 was done by Gerald Carter\&. The conversion to DocBook XML 4\&.2 for Samba 3\&.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy\&.
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| 113 |
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