| 1 | '\" t
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| 2 | .\" Title: smbd
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| 3 | .\" Author: [see the "AUTHOR" section]
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| 4 | .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.75.2 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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| 5 | .\" Date: 09/21/2012
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| 6 | .\" Manual: System Administration tools
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| 7 | .\" Source: Samba 3.5
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| 8 | .\" Language: English
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| 9 | .\"
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| 10 | .TH "SMBD" "8" "09/21/2012" "Samba 3\&.5" "System Administration tools"
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| 11 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 12 | .\" * set default formatting
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| 13 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 14 | .\" disable hyphenation
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| 15 | .nh
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| 16 | .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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| 17 | .ad l
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| 18 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 19 | .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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| 20 | .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| 21 | .SH "NAME"
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| 22 | smbd \- server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients
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| 23 | .SH "SYNOPSIS"
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| 24 | .HP \w'\ 'u
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| 25 | smbd [\-D] [\-F] [\-S] [\-i] [\-h] [\-V] [\-b] [\-d\ <debug\ level>] [\-l\ <log\ directory>] [\-p\ <port\ number(s)>] [\-P\ <profiling\ level>] [\-O\ <socket\ option>] [\-s\ <configuration\ file>]
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| 26 | .SH "DESCRIPTION"
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| 27 | .PP
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| 28 | This program is part of the
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| 29 | \fBsamba\fR(7)
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| 30 | suite\&.
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| 31 | .PP
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| 32 | smbd
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| 33 | is the server daemon that provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients\&. The server provides filespace and printer services to clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol\&. This is compatible with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager clients\&. These include MSCLIENT 3\&.0 for DOS, Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux\&.
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| 34 | .PP
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| 35 | An extensive description of the services that the server can provide is given in the man page for the configuration file controlling the attributes of those services (see
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| 36 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)\&. This man page will not describe the services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects of running the server\&.
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| 37 | .PP
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| 38 | Please note that there are significant security implications to running this server, and the
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| 39 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 40 | manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before proceeding with installation\&.
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| 41 | .PP
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| 42 | A session is created whenever a client requests one\&. Each client gets a copy of the server for each session\&. This copy then services all connections made by the client during that session\&. When all connections from its client are closed, the copy of the server for that client terminates\&.
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| 43 | .PP
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| 44 | The configuration file, and any files that it includes, are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change\&. You can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server\&. Reloading the configuration file will not affect connections to any service that is already established\&. Either the user will have to disconnect from the service, or
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| 45 | smbd
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| 46 | killed and restarted\&.
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| 47 | .SH "OPTIONS"
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| 48 | .PP
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| 49 | \-D
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| 50 | .RS 4
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| 51 | If specified, this parameter causes the server to operate as a daemon\&. That is, it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding requests on the appropriate port\&. Operating the server as a daemon is the recommended way of running
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| 52 | smbd
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| 53 | for servers that provide more than casual use file and print services\&. This switch is assumed if
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| 54 | smbd
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| 55 | is executed on the command line of a shell\&.
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| 56 | .RE
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| 57 | .PP
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| 58 | \-F
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| 59 | .RS 4
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| 60 | If specified, this parameter causes the main
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| 61 | smbd
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| 62 | process to not daemonize, i\&.e\&. double\-fork and disassociate with the terminal\&. Child processes are still created as normal to service each connection request, but the main process does not exit\&. This operation mode is suitable for running
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| 63 | smbd
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| 64 | under process supervisors such as
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| 65 | supervise
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| 66 | and
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| 67 | svscan
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| 68 | from Daniel J\&. Bernstein\'s
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| 69 | daemontools
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| 70 | package, or the AIX process monitor\&.
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| 71 | .RE
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| 72 | .PP
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| 73 | \-S
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| 74 | .RS 4
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| 75 | If specified, this parameter causes
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| 76 | smbd
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| 77 | to log to standard output rather than a file\&.
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| 78 | .RE
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| 79 | .PP
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| 80 | \-i
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| 81 | .RS 4
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| 82 | If this parameter is specified it causes the server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the server is executed on the command line of a shell\&. Setting this parameter negates the implicit daemon mode when run from the command line\&.
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| 83 | smbd
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| 84 | also logs to standard output, as if the
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| 85 | \-S
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| 86 | parameter had been given\&.
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| 87 | .RE
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| 88 | .PP
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| 89 | \-d|\-\-debuglevel=level
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| 90 | .RS 4
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| 91 | \fIlevel\fR
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| 92 | is an integer from 0 to 10\&. The default value if this parameter is not specified is 0\&.
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| 93 | .sp
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| 94 | The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of the server\&. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged\&. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day\-to\-day running \- it generates a small amount of information about operations carried out\&.
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| 95 | .sp
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| 96 | Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem\&. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic\&.
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| 97 | .sp
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| 98 | Note that specifying this parameter here will override the
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| 99 | \m[blue]\fB\%smb.conf.5.html#\fR\m[]
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| 100 | parameter in the
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| 101 | smb\&.conf
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| 102 | file\&.
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| 103 | .RE
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| 104 | .PP
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| 105 | \-V|\-\-version
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| 106 | .RS 4
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| 107 | Prints the program version number\&.
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| 108 | .RE
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| 109 | .PP
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| 110 | \-s|\-\-configfile <configuration file>
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| 111 | .RS 4
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| 112 | The file specified contains the configuration details required by the server\&. The information in this file includes server\-specific information such as what printcap file to use, as well as descriptions of all the services that the server is to provide\&. See
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| 113 | smb\&.conf
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| 114 | for more information\&. The default configuration file name is determined at compile time\&.
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| 115 | .RE
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| 116 | .PP
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| 117 | \-l|\-\-log\-basename=logdirectory
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| 118 | .RS 4
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| 119 | Base directory name for log/debug files\&. The extension
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| 120 | \fB"\&.progname"\fR
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| 121 | will be appended (e\&.g\&. log\&.smbclient, log\&.smbd, etc\&.\&.\&.)\&. The log file is never removed by the client\&.
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| 122 | .RE
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| 123 | .PP
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| 124 | \-h|\-\-help
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| 125 | .RS 4
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| 126 | Print a summary of command line options\&.
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| 127 | .RE
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| 128 | .PP
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| 129 | \-b
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| 130 | .RS 4
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| 131 | Prints information about how Samba was built\&.
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| 132 | .RE
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| 133 | .PP
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| 134 | \-p|\-\-port<port number(s)>
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| 135 | .RS 4
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| 136 | \fIport number(s)\fR
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| 137 | is a space or comma\-separated list of TCP ports smbd should listen on\&. The default value is taken from the
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| 138 | \m[blue]\fBports\fR\m[]
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| 139 | parameter in
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| 140 | smb\&.conf
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| 141 | .sp
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| 142 | The default ports are 139 (used for SMB over NetBIOS over TCP) and port 445 (used for plain SMB over TCP)\&.
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| 143 | .RE
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| 144 | .PP
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| 145 | \-P|\-\-profiling\-level<profiling level>
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| 146 | .RS 4
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| 147 | \fIprofiling level\fR
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| 148 | is a number specifying the level of profiling data to be collected\&. 0 turns off profiling, 1 turns on counter profiling only, 2 turns on complete profiling, and 3 resets all profiling data\&.
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| 149 | .RE
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| 150 | .SH "FILES"
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| 151 | .PP
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| 152 | /etc/inetd\&.conf
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| 153 | .RS 4
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| 154 | If the server is to be run by the
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| 155 | inetd
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| 156 | meta\-daemon, this file must contain suitable startup information for the meta\-daemon\&.
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| 157 | .RE
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| 158 | .PP
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| 159 | /etc/rc
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| 160 | .RS 4
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| 161 | or whatever initialization script your system uses)\&.
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| 162 | .sp
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| 163 | If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to contain an appropriate startup sequence for the server\&.
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| 164 | .RE
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| 165 | .PP
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| 166 | /etc/services
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| 167 | .RS 4
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| 168 | If running the server via the meta\-daemon
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| 169 | inetd, this file must contain a mapping of service name (e\&.g\&., netbios\-ssn) to service port (e\&.g\&., 139) and protocol type (e\&.g\&., tcp)\&.
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| 170 | .RE
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| 171 | .PP
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| 172 | /usr/local/samba/lib/smb\&.conf
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| 173 | .RS 4
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| 174 | This is the default location of the
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| 175 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 176 | server configuration file\&. Other common places that systems install this file are
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| 177 | /usr/samba/lib/smb\&.conf
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| 178 | and
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| 179 | /etc/samba/smb\&.conf\&.
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| 180 | .sp
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| 181 | This file describes all the services the server is to make available to clients\&. See
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| 182 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 183 | for more information\&.
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| 184 | .RE
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| 185 | .SH "LIMITATIONS"
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| 186 | .PP
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| 187 | On some systems
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| 188 | smbd
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| 189 | cannot change uid back to root after a setuid() call\&. Such systems are called trapdoor uid systems\&. If you have such a system, you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as two different users at once\&. Attempts to connect the second user will result in access denied or similar\&.
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| 190 | .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
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| 191 | .PP
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| 192 | \fBPRINTER\fR
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| 193 | .RS 4
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| 194 | If no printer name is specified to printable services, most systems will use the value of this variable (or
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| 195 | \fBlp\fR
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| 196 | if this variable is not defined) as the name of the printer to use\&. This is not specific to the server, however\&.
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| 197 | .RE
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| 198 | .SH "PAM INTERACTION"
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| 199 | .PP
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| 200 | Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for session management\&. The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the
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| 201 | \m[blue]\fBobey pam restrictions\fR\m[]
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| 202 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5)
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| 203 | paramater\&. When this is set, the following restrictions apply:
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| 204 | .sp
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| 205 | .RS 4
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| 206 | .ie n \{\
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| 207 | \h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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| 208 | .\}
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| 209 | .el \{\
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| 210 | .sp -1
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| 211 | .IP \(bu 2.3
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| 212 | .\}
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| 213 | \fIAccount Validation\fR: All accesses to a samba server are checked against PAM to see if the account is vaild, not disabled and is permitted to login at this time\&. This also applies to encrypted logins\&.
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| 214 | .RE
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| 215 | .sp
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| 216 | .RS 4
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| 217 | .ie n \{\
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| 218 | \h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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| 219 | .\}
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| 220 | .el \{\
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| 221 | .sp -1
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| 222 | .IP \(bu 2.3
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| 223 | .\}
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| 224 | \fISession Management\fR: When not using share level secuirty, users must pass PAM\'s session checks before access is granted\&. Note however, that this is bypassed in share level secuirty\&. Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line added for session support\&.
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| 225 | .SH "VERSION"
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| 226 | .PP
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| 227 | This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite\&.
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| 228 | .SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
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| 229 | .PP
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| 230 | Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged in a specified log file\&. The log file name is specified at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line\&.
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| 231 | .PP
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| 232 | The number and nature of diagnostics available depends on the debug level used by the server\&. If you have problems, set the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files\&.
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| 233 | .PP
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| 234 | Most messages are reasonably self\-explanatory\&. Unfortunately, at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics available in the source code to warrant describing each and every diagnostic\&. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the diagnostics you are seeing\&.
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| 235 | .SH "TDB FILES"
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| 236 | .PP
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| 237 | Samba stores it\'s data in several TDB (Trivial Database) files, usually located in
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| 238 | /var/lib/samba\&.
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| 239 | .PP
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| 240 | (*) information persistent across restarts (but not necessarily important to backup)\&.
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| 241 | .PP
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| 242 | account_policy\&.tdb*
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| 243 | .RS 4
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| 244 | NT account policy settings such as pw expiration, etc\&.\&.\&.
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| 245 | .RE
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| 246 | .PP
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| 247 | brlock\&.tdb
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| 248 | .RS 4
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| 249 | byte range locks
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| 250 | .RE
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| 251 | .PP
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| 252 | browse\&.dat
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| 253 | .RS 4
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| 254 | browse lists
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| 255 | .RE
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| 256 | .PP
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| 257 | connections\&.tdb
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| 258 | .RS 4
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| 259 | share connections (used to enforce max connections, etc\&.\&.\&.)
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| 260 | .RE
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| 261 | .PP
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| 262 | gencache\&.tdb
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| 263 | .RS 4
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| 264 | generic caching db
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| 265 | .RE
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| 266 | .PP
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| 267 | group_mapping\&.tdb*
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| 268 | .RS 4
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| 269 | group mapping information
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| 270 | .RE
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| 271 | .PP
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| 272 | locking\&.tdb
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| 273 | .RS 4
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| 274 | share modes & oplocks
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| 275 | .RE
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| 276 | .PP
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| 277 | login_cache\&.tdb*
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| 278 | .RS 4
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| 279 | bad pw attempts
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| 280 | .RE
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| 281 | .PP
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| 282 | messages\&.tdb
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| 283 | .RS 4
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| 284 | Samba messaging system
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| 285 | .RE
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| 286 | .PP
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| 287 | netsamlogon_cache\&.tdb*
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| 288 | .RS 4
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| 289 | cache of user net_info_3 struct from net_samlogon() request (as a domain member)
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| 290 | .RE
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| 291 | .PP
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| 292 | ntdrivers\&.tdb*
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| 293 | .RS 4
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| 294 | installed printer drivers
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| 295 | .RE
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| 296 | .PP
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| 297 | ntforms\&.tdb*
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| 298 | .RS 4
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| 299 | installed printer forms
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| 300 | .RE
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| 301 | .PP
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| 302 | ntprinters\&.tdb*
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| 303 | .RS 4
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| 304 | installed printer information
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| 305 | .RE
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| 306 | .PP
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| 307 | printing/
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| 308 | .RS 4
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| 309 | directory containing tdb per print queue of cached lpq output
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| 310 | .RE
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| 311 | .PP
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| 312 | registry\&.tdb
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| 313 | .RS 4
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| 314 | Windows registry skeleton (connect via regedit\&.exe)
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| 315 | .RE
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| 316 | .PP
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| 317 | sessionid\&.tdb
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| 318 | .RS 4
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| 319 | session information (e\&.g\&. support for \'utmp = yes\')
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| 320 | .RE
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| 321 | .PP
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| 322 | share_info\&.tdb*
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| 323 | .RS 4
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| 324 | share acls
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| 325 | .RE
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| 326 | .PP
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| 327 | winbindd_cache\&.tdb
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| 328 | .RS 4
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| 329 | winbindd\'s cache of user lists, etc\&.\&.\&.
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| 330 | .RE
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| 331 | .PP
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| 332 | winbindd_idmap\&.tdb*
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| 333 | .RS 4
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| 334 | winbindd\'s local idmap db
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| 335 | .RE
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| 336 | .PP
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| 337 | wins\&.dat*
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| 338 | .RS 4
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| 339 | wins database when \'wins support = yes\'
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| 340 | .RE
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| 341 | .SH "SIGNALS"
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| 342 | .PP
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| 343 | Sending the
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| 344 | smbd
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| 345 | a SIGHUP will cause it to reload its
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| 346 | smb\&.conf
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| 347 | configuration file within a short period of time\&.
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| 348 | .PP
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| 349 | To shut down a user\'s
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| 350 | smbd
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| 351 | process it is recommended that
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| 352 | SIGKILL (\-9)
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| 353 | \fINOT\fR
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| 354 | be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared memory area in an inconsistent state\&. The safe way to terminate an
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| 355 | smbd
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| 356 | is to send it a SIGTERM (\-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own\&.
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| 357 | .PP
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| 358 | The debug log level of
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| 359 | smbd
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| 360 | may be raised or lowered using
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| 361 | \fBsmbcontrol\fR(1)
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| 362 | program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer used since Samba 2\&.2)\&. This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running at a normally low log level\&.
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| 363 | .PP
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| 364 | Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, they are not re\-entrant in
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| 365 | smbd\&. This you should wait until
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| 366 | smbd
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| 367 | is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before issuing them\&. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe by un\-blocking the signals before the select call and re\-blocking them after, however this would affect performance\&.
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| 368 | .SH "SEE ALSO"
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| 369 | .PP
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| 370 | \fBhosts_access\fR(5),
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| 371 | \fBinetd\fR(8),
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| 372 | \fBnmbd\fR(8),
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| 373 | \fBsmb.conf\fR(5),
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| 374 | \fBsmbclient\fR(1),
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| 375 | \fBtestparm\fR(1),
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| 376 | \fBtestprns\fR(1), and the Internet RFC\'s
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| 377 | rfc1001\&.txt,
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| 378 | rfc1002\&.txt\&. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available as a link from the Web page
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| 379 | http://samba\&.org/cifs/\&.
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| 380 | .SH "AUTHOR"
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| 381 | .PP
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| 382 | The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell\&. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed\&.
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| 383 | .PP
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| 384 | The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer\&. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at
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| 385 | ftp://ftp\&.icce\&.rug\&.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2\&.0 release by Jeremy Allison\&. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2\&.2 was done by Gerald Carter\&. The conversion to DocBook XML 4\&.2 for Samba 3\&.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy\&.
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