| [217] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE glossary PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
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| 3 | <glossary>
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| 4 | <title>Glossary</title>
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| 5 |
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| 6 | <glossentry>
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| 7 | <glossterm>Access Control List</glossterm>
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| 8 | <acronym>ACL</acronym>
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| 9 | <glossdef><para>
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| 10 | A detailed list of permissions granted to users or groups with respect to file and network resource access.
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| 11 | See <link linkend="AccessControls"/>,
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| 12 | for details.</para></glossdef>
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| 13 | </glossentry>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <glossentry>
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| 16 | <glossterm>Active Directory Service</glossterm>
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| 17 | <acronym>ADS</acronym>
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| 18 | <glossdef><para>
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| 19 | A service unique to Microsoft Windows 200x servers that provides a centrally managed
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| 20 | directory for management of user identities and computer objects, as well as the permissions
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| 21 | each user or computer may be granted to access
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| 22 | distributed network resources. ADS uses Kerberos-based
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| 23 | authentication and LDAP over Kerberos for directory access.
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| 24 | </para></glossdef>
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| 25 | </glossentry>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <glossentry>
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| 28 | <glossterm>Common Internet File System</glossterm>
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| 29 | <acronym>CIFS</acronym>
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| 30 | <glossdef><para>The new name for SMB. Microsoft renamed the
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| 31 | SMB protocol to CIFS during the Internet hype in the nineties.
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| 32 | At about the time that the SMB protocol was renamed to CIFS, an
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| 33 | additional dialect of the SMB protocol was in development.
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| 34 | The need for the deployment of the NetBIOS layer was also
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| 35 | removed, thus paving the way for use of the SMB protocol natively
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| 36 | over TCP/IP (known as NetBIOS-less SMB or <quote>naked</quote> TCP transport).
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| 37 | </para></glossdef>
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| 38 | </glossentry>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <glossentry>
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| 41 | <glossterm>Common UNIX Printing System</glossterm>
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| 42 | <acronym>CUPS</acronym>
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| 43 | <glossdef><para>
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| 44 | A recent implementation of a high capability printing system for UNIX developed by
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| 45 | <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/"></ulink>. The design objective of CUPS was to provide
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| 46 | a rich print processing system that has built-in intelligence capable of correctly rendering (processing)
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| 47 | a file that is submitted for printing even if it was formatted for an entirely different printer.
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| 48 | </para>
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| 49 | </glossdef>
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| 50 | </glossentry>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <glossentry>
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| 53 | <glossterm>Domain Master Browser</glossterm>
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| 54 | <acronym>DMB</acronym>
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| 55 | <glossdef><para>The domain master browser maintains a list of all the servers that
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| 56 | have announced their services within a given workgroup or NT domain. See <link linkend="DMB"/> for details.
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| 57 | </para></glossdef>
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| 58 | </glossentry>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <glossentry>
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| 61 | <glossterm>Domain Name Service</glossterm>
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| 62 | <acronym>DNS</acronym>
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| 63 | <glossdef><para>
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| 64 | A protocol by which computer hostnames may be resolved to the matching IP address/es. DNS is implemented
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| 65 | by the Berkeley Internet Name Daemon. There exists a recent version of DNS that allows dynamic name registration
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| 66 | by network clients or by a DHCP server. This recent protocol is known as dynamic DNS (DDNS).
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| 67 | </para></glossdef>
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| 68 | </glossentry>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <glossentry>
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| 71 | <glossterm>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</glossterm>
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| 72 | <acronym>DHCP</acronym>
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| 73 | <glossdef><para>
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| 74 | A protocol that was based on the BOOTP protocol that may be used to dynamically assign an IP address,
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| 75 | from a reserved pool of addresses, to a network client or device. Additionally, DHCP may assign all
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| 76 | network configuration settings and may be used to register a computer name and its address with a
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| 77 | dynamic DNS server.
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| 78 | </para></glossdef>
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| 79 | </glossentry>
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| 80 | <glossentry>
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| 81 | <glossterm>Extended Meta-file Format</glossterm>
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| 82 | <acronym>EMF</acronym>
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| 83 | <glossdef>
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| 84 | <para>
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| 85 | An intermediate file format used by Microsoft Windows-based servers and clients. EMF files may be
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| 86 | rendered into a page description language by a print processor.
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| 87 | </para>
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| 88 | </glossdef>
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| 89 | </glossentry>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <glossentry>
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| 92 | <glossterm>Graphical Device Interface</glossterm>
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| 93 | <acronym>GDI</acronym>
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| 94 | <glossdef><para>
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| 95 | Device-independent format for printing used by Microsoft Windows.
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| 96 | It is quite similar to what PostScript is for UNIX. Printing jobs are first generated in GDI and
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| 97 | then converted to a device-specific format. See <link linkend="gdipost"/> for details.
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| 98 | </para></glossdef>
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| 99 | </glossentry>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <glossentry>
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| 102 | <glossterm>Group IDentifier</glossterm>
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| 103 | <acronym>GID</acronym>
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| 104 | <glossdef><para>
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| 105 | The UNIX system group identifier; on older systems, a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on newer systems
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| 106 | an unsigned 64-bit integer. The GID is used in UNIX-like operating systems for all group-level access
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| 107 | control.
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| 108 | </para></glossdef>
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| 109 | </glossentry>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <glossentry>
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| 112 | <glossterm>Internet Print Protocol</glossterm>
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| 113 | <acronym>IPP</acronym>
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| 114 | <glossdef><para>An IETF standard for network printing. CUPS
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| 115 | implements IPP.</para></glossdef>
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| 116 | </glossentry>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <glossentry>
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| 119 | <glossterm>Key Distribution Center</glossterm>
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| 120 | <acronym>KDC</acronym>
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| 121 | <glossdef><para>The Kerberos authentication protocol makes use of security keys (also called a ticket)
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| 122 | by which access to network resources is controlled. The issuing of Kerberos tickets is effected by
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| 123 | a KDC.</para></glossdef>
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| 124 | </glossentry>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <glossentry>
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| 127 | <glossterm>NetBIOS Extended User Interface</glossterm>
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| 128 | <acronym>NetBEUI</acronym>
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| 129 | <glossdef><para>
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| 130 | Very simple network protocol invented by IBM and Microsoft. It is used
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| 131 | to do NetBIOS over Ethernet with low overhead. NetBEUI is a nonroutable
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| 132 | protocol.
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| 133 | </para></glossdef>
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| 134 | </glossentry>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <glossentry>
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| 137 | <glossterm>Network Basic Input/Output System</glossterm>
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| 138 | <acronym>NetBIOS</acronym>
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| 139 | <glossdef><para>
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| 140 | NetBIOS is a simple application programming interface (API) invented in the 1980s
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| 141 | that allows programs to send data to certain network names.
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| 142 | NetBIOS is always run over another network protocol such
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| 143 | as IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, or Logical Link Control (LLC). NetBIOS run over LLC
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| 144 | is best known as NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface &smbmdash; a complete misnomer!).
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| 145 | </para></glossdef>
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| 146 | </glossentry>
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| 147 |
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <glossentry>
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| 150 | <glossterm>NetBT</glossterm>
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| 151 | <acronym>NBT</acronym>
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| 152 | <glossdef><para>Protocol for transporting NetBIOS frames over TCP/IP. Uses ports 137, 138, and 139.
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| 153 | NetBT is a fully routable protocol.
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| 154 | </para></glossdef>
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| 155 | </glossentry>
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| 156 |
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| 157 | <glossentry>
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| 158 | <glossterm>Local Master Browser</glossterm>
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| 159 | <acronym>LMB</acronym>
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| 160 | <glossdef><para>The local master browser maintains a list
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| 161 | of all servers that have announced themselves within a given workgroup or NT domain on a particular
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| 162 | broadcast-isolated subnet. See <link linkend="DMB"/> for details.
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| 163 | </para></glossdef>
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| 164 | </glossentry>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <glossentry>
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| 167 | <glossterm>Printer Command Language</glossterm>
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| 168 | <acronym>PCL</acronym>
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| 169 | <glossdef><para>
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| 170 | A printer page description language that was developed by Hewlett-Packard
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| 171 | and is in common use today.
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| 172 | </para></glossdef>
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| 173 | </glossentry>
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| 174 |
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| 175 | <glossentry>
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| 176 | <glossterm>Portable Document Format</glossterm>
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| 177 | <acronym>PDF</acronym>
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| 178 | <glossdef>
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| 179 | <para>
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| 180 | A highly compressed document format, based on PostScript, used as a document distribution format
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| 181 | that is supported by Web browsers as well as many applications. Adobe also distributes an application
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| 182 | called <quote>Acrobat,</quote> which is a PDF reader.
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| 183 | </para>
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| 184 | </glossdef>
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| 185 | </glossentry>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | <glossentry>
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| 188 | <glossterm>Page Description Language</glossterm>
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| 189 | <acronym>PDL</acronym>
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| 190 | <glossdef><para>A language for describing the layout and contents of a printed page.
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| 191 | The best-known PDLs are Adobe PostScript and Hewlett-Packard PCL (Printer Control Language),
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| 192 | both of which are used to control laser printers.</para></glossdef>
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| 193 | </glossentry>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <glossentry>
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| 196 | <glossterm>PostScript Printer Description</glossterm>
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| 197 | <acronym>PPD</acronym>
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| 198 | <glossdef><para>
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| 199 | PPDs specify and control options supported by PostScript printers, such as duplexing, stapling,
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| 200 | and DPI. See also <link linkend="post-and-ghost"/>. PPD files can be read by printing applications
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| 201 | to enable correct PostScript page layout for a particular PostScript printer.
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| 202 | </para></glossdef>
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| 203 | </glossentry>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <glossentry>
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| 206 | <glossterm>Remote Procedure Call</glossterm>
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| 207 | <acronym>RPC</acronym>
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| 208 | <glossdef><para>
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| 209 | RPCs are a means for executing network operations. The RPC protocol is independent of transport protocols. RPC
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| 210 | does not try to implement any kind of reliability and the application that uses RPCs must be aware of the type
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| 211 | of transport protocol underneath RPC. An RPC is like a programmatic jump subroutine over a network. RPCs used
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| 212 | in the UNIX environment are specified in RFC 1050. RPC is a powerful technique for constructing distributed,
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| 213 | client-server based applications. It is based on extending the notion of conventional, or local procedure
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| 214 | calling, so that the called procedure need not exist in the same address space as the calling procedure. The
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| 215 | two processes may be on the same system, or they may be on different systems with a network connecting them.
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| 216 | By using RPC, programmers of distributed applications avoid the details of the interface with the network. The
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| 217 | transport independence of RPC isolates the application from the physical and logical elements of the data
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| 218 | communications mechanism and allows the application to use a variety of transports.
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| 219 | </para></glossdef>
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| 220 | </glossentry>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <glossentry>
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| 223 | <glossterm>Server Message Block</glossterm>
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| 224 | <acronym>SMB</acronym>
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| 225 | <glossdef><para>
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| 226 | SMB was the original name of the protocol `spoken' by
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| 227 | Samba. It was invented in the 1980s by IBM and adopted
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| 228 | and extended further by Microsoft. Microsoft
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| 229 | renamed the protocol to CIFS during the Internet hype in the
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| 230 | 1990s.
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| 231 | </para></glossdef>
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| 232 | </glossentry>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | <glossentry>
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| 235 | <glossterm>User IDentifier</glossterm>
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| 236 | <acronym>UID</acronym>
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| 237 | <glossdef><para>
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| 238 | The UNIX system user identifier; on older systems a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on newer systems,
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| 239 | an unsigned 64-bit integer. The UID is used in UNIX-like operating systems for all user-level access
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| 240 | control.
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| 241 | </para></glossdef>
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| 242 | </glossentry>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <glossentry>
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| 245 | <glossterm>Universal Naming Convention</glossterm>
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| 246 | <acronym>UNC</acronym>
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| 247 | <glossdef><para>A syntax for specifying the location of network resources (such as file shares).
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| 248 | The UNC syntax was developed in the early days of MS DOS 3.x and is used internally by the SMB protocol.
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| 249 | </para></glossdef>
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| 250 | </glossentry>
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| 251 |
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| 252 |
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| 253 |
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| 254 | </glossary>
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