| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> | 
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc"> | 
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| 3 | <refentry id="smbd.8"> | 
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| 4 |  | 
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| 5 | <refmeta> | 
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| 6 | <refentrytitle>smbd</refentrytitle> | 
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| 7 | <manvolnum>8</manvolnum> | 
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| 8 | <refmiscinfo class="source">Samba</refmiscinfo> | 
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| 9 | <refmiscinfo class="manual">System Administration tools</refmiscinfo> | 
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| 10 | <refmiscinfo class="version">3.2</refmiscinfo> | 
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| 11 | </refmeta> | 
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| 12 |  | 
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| 13 |  | 
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| 14 | <refnamediv> | 
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| 15 | <refname>smbd</refname> | 
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| 16 | <refpurpose>server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients</refpurpose> | 
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| 17 | </refnamediv> | 
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| 18 |  | 
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| 19 | <refsynopsisdiv> | 
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| 20 | <cmdsynopsis> | 
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| 21 | <command>smbd</command> | 
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| 22 | <arg choice="opt">-D</arg> | 
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| 23 | <arg choice="opt">-F</arg> | 
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| 24 | <arg choice="opt">-S</arg> | 
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| 25 | <arg choice="opt">-i</arg> | 
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| 26 | <arg choice="opt">-h</arg> | 
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| 27 | <arg choice="opt">-V</arg> | 
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| 28 | <arg choice="opt">-b</arg> | 
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| 29 | <arg choice="opt">-d <debug level></arg> | 
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| 30 | <arg choice="opt">-l <log directory></arg> | 
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| 31 | <arg choice="opt">-p <port number(s)></arg> | 
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| 32 | <arg choice="opt">-P <profiling level></arg> | 
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| 33 | <arg choice="opt">-O <socket option></arg> | 
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| 34 | <arg choice="opt">-s <configuration file></arg> | 
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| 35 | </cmdsynopsis> | 
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| 36 | </refsynopsisdiv> | 
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| 37 |  | 
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| 38 | <refsect1> | 
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| 39 | <title>DESCRIPTION</title> | 
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| 40 | <para>This program is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle> | 
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| 41 | <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para> | 
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| 42 |  | 
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| 43 | <para><command>smbd</command> is the server daemon that | 
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| 44 | provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients. | 
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| 45 | The server provides filespace and printer services to | 
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| 46 | clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol. This is compatible | 
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| 47 | with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager | 
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| 48 | clients.  These include MSCLIENT 3.0 for DOS, Windows for | 
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| 49 | Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, | 
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| 50 | OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux.</para> | 
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| 51 |  | 
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| 52 | <para>An extensive description of the services that the | 
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| 53 | server can provide is given in the man page for the | 
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| 54 | configuration file controlling the attributes of those | 
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| 55 | services (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 56 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.  This man page will not describe the | 
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| 57 | services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects | 
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| 58 | of running the server.</para> | 
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| 59 |  | 
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| 60 | <para>Please note that there are significant security | 
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| 61 | implications to running this server, and the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 62 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before | 
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| 63 | proceeding with installation.</para> | 
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| 64 |  | 
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| 65 | <para>A session is created whenever a client requests one. | 
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| 66 | Each client gets a copy of the server for each session. This | 
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| 67 | copy then services all connections made by the client during | 
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| 68 | that session. When all connections from its client are closed, | 
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| 69 | the copy of the server for that client terminates.</para> | 
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| 70 |  | 
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| 71 | <para>The configuration file, and any files that it includes, | 
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| 72 | are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change.  You | 
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| 73 | can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server.  Reloading | 
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| 74 | the configuration file will not affect connections to any service | 
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| 75 | that is already established.  Either the user will have to | 
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| 76 | disconnect from the service, or <command>smbd</command> killed and restarted.</para> | 
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| 77 | </refsect1> | 
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| 78 |  | 
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| 79 | <refsect1> | 
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| 80 | <title>OPTIONS</title> | 
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| 81 |  | 
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| 82 | <variablelist> | 
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| 83 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 84 | <term>-D</term> | 
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| 85 | <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes | 
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| 86 | the server to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches | 
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| 87 | itself and runs in the background, fielding requests | 
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| 88 | on the appropriate port. Operating the server as a | 
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| 89 | daemon is the recommended way of running <command>smbd</command> for | 
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| 90 | servers that provide more than casual use file and | 
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| 91 | print services.  This switch is assumed if <command>smbd | 
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| 92 | </command> is executed on the command line of a shell. | 
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| 93 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 94 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 95 |  | 
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| 96 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 97 | <term>-F</term> | 
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| 98 | <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes | 
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| 99 | the main <command>smbd</command> process to not daemonize, | 
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| 100 | i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. | 
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| 101 | Child processes are still created as normal to service | 
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| 102 | each connection request, but the main process does not | 
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| 103 | exit. This operation mode is suitable for running | 
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| 104 | <command>smbd</command> under process supervisors such | 
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| 105 | as <command>supervise</command> and <command>svscan</command> | 
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| 106 | from Daniel J. Bernstein's <command>daemontools</command> | 
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| 107 | package, or the AIX process monitor. | 
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| 108 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 109 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 110 |  | 
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| 111 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 112 | <term>-S</term> | 
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| 113 | <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes | 
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| 114 | <command>smbd</command> to log to standard output rather | 
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| 115 | than a file.</para></listitem> | 
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| 116 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 117 |  | 
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| 118 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 119 | <term>-i</term> | 
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| 120 | <listitem><para>If this parameter is specified it causes the | 
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| 121 | server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the | 
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| 122 | server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this | 
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| 123 | parameter negates the implicit deamon mode when run from the | 
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| 124 | command line. <command>smbd</command> also logs to standard | 
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| 125 | output, as if the <command>-S</command> parameter had been | 
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| 126 | given. | 
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| 127 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 128 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 129 |  | 
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| 130 | &stdarg.server.debug; | 
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| 131 | &popt.common.samba; | 
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| 132 | &stdarg.help; | 
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| 133 |  | 
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| 134 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 135 | <term>-b</term> | 
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| 136 | <listitem><para>Prints information about how | 
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| 137 | Samba was built.</para></listitem> | 
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| 138 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 139 |  | 
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| 140 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 141 | <term>-p|--port<port number(s)></term> | 
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| 142 | <listitem><para><replaceable>port number(s)</replaceable> is a | 
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| 143 | space or comma-separated list of TCP ports smbd should listen on. | 
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| 144 | The default value is taken from the <smbconfoption name="ports"/> parameter in &smb.conf;</para> | 
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| 145 |  | 
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| 146 | <para>The default ports are 139 (used for SMB over NetBIOS over TCP) | 
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| 147 | and port 445 (used for plain SMB over TCP). | 
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| 148 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 149 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 150 |  | 
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| 151 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 152 | <term>-P|--profiling-level<profiling level></term> | 
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| 153 | <listitem><para><replaceable>profiling level</replaceable> is a | 
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| 154 | number specifying the level of profiling data to be collected. | 
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| 155 | 0 turns off profiling, 1 turns on counter profiling only, | 
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| 156 | 2 turns on complete profiling, and 3 resets all profiling data. | 
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| 157 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 158 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 159 | </variablelist> | 
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| 160 | </refsect1> | 
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| 161 |  | 
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| 162 | <refsect1> | 
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| 163 | <title>FILES</title> | 
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| 164 |  | 
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| 165 | <variablelist> | 
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| 166 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 167 | <term><filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename></term> | 
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| 168 | <listitem><para>If the server is to be run by the | 
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| 169 | <command>inetd</command> meta-daemon, this file | 
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| 170 | must contain suitable startup information for the | 
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| 171 | meta-daemon. | 
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| 172 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 173 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 174 |  | 
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| 175 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 176 | <term><filename>/etc/rc</filename></term> | 
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| 177 | <listitem><para>or whatever initialization script your | 
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| 178 | system uses).</para> | 
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| 179 |  | 
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| 180 | <para>If running the server as a daemon at startup, | 
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| 181 | this file will need to contain an appropriate startup | 
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| 182 | sequence for the server. </para></listitem> | 
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| 183 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 184 |  | 
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| 185 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 186 | <term><filename>/etc/services</filename></term> | 
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| 187 | <listitem><para>If running the server via the | 
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| 188 | meta-daemon <command>inetd</command>, this file | 
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| 189 | must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) | 
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| 190 | to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). | 
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| 191 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 192 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 193 |  | 
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| 194 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 195 | <term><filename>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename></term> | 
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| 196 | <listitem><para>This is the default location of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 197 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> server configuration file. Other common places that systems | 
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| 198 | install this file are <filename>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename> | 
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| 199 | and <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename>.</para> | 
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| 200 |  | 
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| 201 | <para>This file describes all the services the server | 
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| 202 | is to make available to clients. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 203 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</para> | 
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| 204 | </listitem> | 
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| 205 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 206 | </variablelist> | 
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| 207 | </refsect1> | 
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| 208 |  | 
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| 209 | <refsect1> | 
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| 210 | <title>LIMITATIONS</title> | 
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| 211 | <para>On some systems <command>smbd</command> cannot change uid back | 
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| 212 | to root after a setuid() call.  Such systems are called | 
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| 213 | trapdoor uid systems. If you have such a system, | 
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| 214 | you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as | 
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| 215 | two different users at once. Attempts to connect the | 
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| 216 | second user will result in access denied or | 
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| 217 | similar.</para> | 
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| 218 | </refsect1> | 
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| 219 |  | 
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| 220 | <refsect1> | 
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| 221 | <title>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</title> | 
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| 222 |  | 
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| 223 | <variablelist> | 
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| 224 | <varlistentry> | 
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| 225 | <term><envar>PRINTER</envar></term> | 
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| 226 | <listitem><para>If no printer name is specified to | 
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| 227 | printable services, most systems will use the value of | 
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| 228 | this variable (or <constant>lp</constant> if this variable is | 
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| 229 | not defined) as the name of the printer to use. This | 
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| 230 | is not specific to the server, however.</para></listitem> | 
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| 231 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 232 | </variablelist> | 
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| 233 | </refsect1> | 
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| 234 |  | 
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| 235 |  | 
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| 236 | <refsect1> | 
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| 237 | <title>PAM INTERACTION</title> | 
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| 238 | <para>Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext | 
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| 239 | password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for | 
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| 240 | session management.  The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted | 
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| 241 | by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the <smbconfoption name="obey pam restrictions"/> <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 242 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> paramater.  When this is set, the following restrictions apply: | 
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| 243 | </para> | 
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| 244 |  | 
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| 245 | <itemizedlist> | 
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| 246 | <listitem><para><emphasis>Account Validation</emphasis>:  All accesses to a | 
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| 247 | samba server are checked | 
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| 248 | against PAM to see if the account is vaild, not disabled and is permitted to | 
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| 249 | login at this time.  This also applies to encrypted logins. | 
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| 250 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 251 |  | 
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| 252 | <listitem><para><emphasis>Session Management</emphasis>:  When not using share | 
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| 253 | level secuirty, users must pass PAM's session checks before access | 
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| 254 | is granted.  Note however, that this is bypassed in share level secuirty. | 
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| 255 | Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line | 
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| 256 | added for session support. | 
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| 257 | </para></listitem> | 
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| 258 | </itemizedlist> | 
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| 259 | </refsect1> | 
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| 260 |  | 
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| 261 | <refsect1> | 
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| 262 | <title>VERSION</title> | 
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| 263 |  | 
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| 264 | <para>This man page is correct for version 3 of | 
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| 265 | the Samba suite.</para> | 
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| 266 | </refsect1> | 
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| 267 |  | 
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| 268 | <refsect1> | 
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| 269 | <title>DIAGNOSTICS</title> | 
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| 270 |  | 
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| 271 | <para>Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged | 
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| 272 | in a specified log file. The log file name is specified | 
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| 273 | at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line.</para> | 
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| 274 |  | 
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| 275 | <para>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends | 
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| 276 | on the debug level used by the server. If you have problems, set | 
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| 277 | the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.</para> | 
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| 278 |  | 
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| 279 | <para>Most messages are reasonably self-explanatory. Unfortunately, | 
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| 280 | at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics | 
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| 281 | available in the source code to warrant describing each and every | 
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| 282 | diagnostic. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the | 
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| 283 | source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the | 
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| 284 | diagnostics you are seeing.</para> | 
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| 285 | </refsect1> | 
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| 286 |  | 
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| 287 | <refsect1> | 
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| 288 | <title>TDB FILES</title> | 
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| 289 |  | 
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| 290 | <para>Samba stores it's data in several TDB (Trivial Database) files, usually located in <filename>/var/lib/samba</filename>.</para> | 
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| 291 |  | 
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| 292 | <para> | 
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| 293 | (*) information persistent across restarts (but not | 
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| 294 | necessarily important to backup). | 
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| 295 | </para> | 
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| 296 |  | 
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| 297 | <variablelist> | 
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| 298 | <varlistentry><term>account_policy.tdb*</term> | 
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| 299 | <listitem> | 
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| 300 | <para>NT account policy settings such as pw expiration, etc...</para> | 
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| 301 | </listitem> | 
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| 302 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 303 |  | 
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| 304 | <varlistentry><term>brlock.tdb</term> | 
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| 305 | <listitem><para>byte range locks</para></listitem> | 
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| 306 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 307 |  | 
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| 308 | <varlistentry><term>browse.dat</term> | 
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| 309 | <listitem><para>browse lists</para></listitem> | 
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| 310 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 311 |  | 
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| 312 | <varlistentry><term>connections.tdb</term> | 
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| 313 | <listitem><para>share connections (used to enforce max connections, etc...)</para></listitem> | 
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| 314 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 315 |  | 
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| 316 | <varlistentry><term>gencache.tdb</term> | 
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| 317 | <listitem><para>generic caching db</para></listitem> | 
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| 318 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 319 |  | 
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| 320 | <varlistentry><term>group_mapping.tdb*</term> | 
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| 321 | <listitem><para>group mapping information</para></listitem> | 
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| 322 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 323 |  | 
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| 324 | <varlistentry><term>locking.tdb</term> | 
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| 325 | <listitem><para>share modes & oplocks</para></listitem> | 
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| 326 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 327 |  | 
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| 328 | <varlistentry><term>login_cache.tdb*</term> | 
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| 329 | <listitem><para>bad pw attempts</para></listitem> | 
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| 330 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 331 |  | 
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| 332 | <varlistentry><term>messages.tdb</term> | 
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| 333 | <listitem><para>Samba messaging system</para></listitem> | 
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| 334 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 335 |  | 
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| 336 | <varlistentry><term>netsamlogon_cache.tdb*</term> | 
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| 337 | <listitem><para>cache of user net_info_3 struct from net_samlogon() request (as a domain member)</para></listitem> | 
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| 338 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 339 |  | 
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| 340 | <varlistentry><term>ntdrivers.tdb*</term> | 
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| 341 | <listitem><para>installed printer drivers</para></listitem> | 
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| 342 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 343 |  | 
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| 344 | <varlistentry><term>ntforms.tdb*</term> | 
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| 345 | <listitem><para>installed printer forms</para></listitem> | 
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| 346 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 347 |  | 
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| 348 | <varlistentry><term>ntprinters.tdb*</term> | 
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| 349 | <listitem><para>installed printer information</para></listitem> | 
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| 350 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 351 |  | 
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| 352 | <varlistentry><term>printing/</term> | 
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| 353 | <listitem><para>directory containing tdb per print queue of cached lpq output</para></listitem> | 
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| 354 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 355 |  | 
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| 356 | <varlistentry><term>registry.tdb</term> | 
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| 357 | <listitem><para>Windows registry skeleton (connect via regedit.exe)</para></listitem> | 
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| 358 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 359 |  | 
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| 360 | <varlistentry><term>sessionid.tdb</term> | 
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| 361 | <listitem><para>session information (e.g. support for 'utmp = yes')</para></listitem> | 
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| 362 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 363 |  | 
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| 364 | <varlistentry><term>share_info.tdb*</term> | 
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| 365 | <listitem><para>share acls</para></listitem> | 
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| 366 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 367 |  | 
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| 368 | <varlistentry><term>winbindd_cache.tdb</term> | 
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| 369 | <listitem><para>winbindd's cache of user lists, etc...</para></listitem> | 
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| 370 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 371 |  | 
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| 372 | <varlistentry><term>winbindd_idmap.tdb*</term> | 
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| 373 | <listitem><para>winbindd's local idmap db</para></listitem> | 
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| 374 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 375 |  | 
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| 376 | <varlistentry><term>wins.dat*</term> | 
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| 377 | <listitem><para>wins database when 'wins support = yes'</para></listitem> | 
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| 378 | </varlistentry> | 
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| 379 |  | 
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| 380 | </variablelist> | 
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| 381 |  | 
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| 382 | </refsect1> | 
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| 383 |  | 
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| 384 | <refsect1> | 
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| 385 | <title>SIGNALS</title> | 
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| 386 |  | 
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| 387 | <para>Sending the <command>smbd</command> a SIGHUP will cause it to | 
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| 388 | reload its <filename>smb.conf</filename> configuration | 
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| 389 | file within a short period of time.</para> | 
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| 390 |  | 
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| 391 | <para>To shut down a user's <command>smbd</command> process it is recommended | 
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| 392 | that <command>SIGKILL (-9)</command> <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> | 
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| 393 | be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared | 
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| 394 | memory area in an inconsistent state. The safe way to terminate | 
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| 395 | an <command>smbd</command> is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for | 
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| 396 | it to die on its own.</para> | 
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| 397 |  | 
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| 398 | <para>The debug log level of <command>smbd</command> may be raised | 
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| 399 | or lowered using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbcontrol</refentrytitle> | 
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| 400 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer | 
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| 401 | used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, | 
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| 402 | whilst still running at a normally low log level.</para> | 
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| 403 |  | 
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| 404 | <para>Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, | 
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| 405 | they are not re-entrant in <command>smbd</command>. This you should wait until | 
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| 406 | <command>smbd</command> is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before | 
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| 407 | issuing them. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe | 
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| 408 | by un-blocking the signals before the select call and re-blocking | 
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| 409 | them after, however this would affect performance.</para> | 
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| 410 | </refsect1> | 
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| 411 |  | 
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| 412 | <refsect1> | 
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| 413 | <title>SEE ALSO</title> | 
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| 414 | <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>hosts_access</refentrytitle> | 
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| 415 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle> | 
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| 416 | <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nmbd</refentrytitle> | 
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| 417 | <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> | 
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| 418 | <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbclient</refentrytitle> | 
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| 419 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testparm</refentrytitle> | 
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| 420 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testprns</refentrytitle> | 
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| 421 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, and the | 
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| 422 | Internet RFC's  <filename>rfc1001.txt</filename>, <filename>rfc1002.txt</filename>. | 
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| 423 | In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available | 
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| 424 | as a link from the Web page <ulink noescape="1" url="http://samba.org/cifs/"> | 
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| 425 | http://samba.org/cifs/</ulink>.</para> | 
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| 426 | </refsect1> | 
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| 427 |  | 
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| 428 | <refsect1> | 
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| 429 | <title>AUTHOR</title> | 
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| 430 |  | 
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| 431 | <para>The original Samba software and related utilities | 
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| 432 | were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed | 
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| 433 | by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar | 
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| 434 | to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para> | 
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| 435 |  | 
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| 436 | <para>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. | 
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| 437 | The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another | 
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| 438 | excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <ulink url="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/"> | 
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| 439 | ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</ulink>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 | 
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| 440 | release by Jeremy Allison.  The conversion to DocBook for | 
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| 441 | Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for | 
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| 442 | Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</para> | 
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| 443 | </refsect1> | 
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| 444 |  | 
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| 445 | </refentry> | 
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