| [203] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
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| 3 | <chapter id="Backup">
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| 4 | <chapterinfo>
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| 5 | &author.jht;
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| 6 | </chapterinfo>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <title>Backup Techniques</title>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <sect1>
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| 11 | <title>Features and Benefits</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <para>
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| 14 | <indexterm><primary>backup</primary></indexterm>
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| 15 | <indexterm><primary>UNIX system files</primary></indexterm>
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| 16 | <indexterm><primary>system tools</primary></indexterm>
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| 17 | <indexterm><primary>Samba mailing lists</primary></indexterm>
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| 18 | The Samba project is over 10 years old. During the early history
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| 19 | of Samba, UNIX administrators were its key implementors. UNIX administrators
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| 20 | use UNIX system tools to backup UNIX system files. Over the past
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| 21 | 4 years, an increasing number of Microsoft network administrators have
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| 22 | taken an interest in Samba. This is reflected in the questions about backup
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| 23 | in general on the Samba mailing lists.
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| 24 | </para>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | </sect1>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <sect1>
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| 29 | <title>Discussion of Backup Solutions</title>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <para>
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| 32 | <indexterm><primary>Meccano set</primary></indexterm>
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| 33 | <indexterm><primary>training course</primary></indexterm>
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| 34 | During discussions at a Microsoft Windows training course, one of
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| 35 | the pro-UNIX delegates stunned the class when he pointed out that Windows
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| 36 | NT4 is limiting compared with UNIX. He likened UNIX to a Meccano set
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| 37 | that has an unlimited number of tools that are simple, efficient,
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| 38 | and, in combination, capable of achieving any desired outcome.
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| 39 | </para>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <para>
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| 42 | <indexterm><primary>networking advocates</primary></indexterm>
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| 43 | <indexterm><primary>clear purpose preferred</primary></indexterm>
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| 44 | One of the Windows networking advocates retorted that if she wanted a
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| 45 | Meccano set, she would buy one. She made it clear that a complex single
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| 46 | tool that does more than is needed but does it with a clear purpose and
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| 47 | intent is preferred by some like her.
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| 48 | </para>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | <para>
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| 51 | <indexterm><primary>due diligence</primary></indexterm>
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| 52 | <indexterm><primary>research</primary></indexterm>
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| 53 | <indexterm><primary>backup solution</primary></indexterm>
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| 54 | Please note that all information here is provided as is and without recommendation
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| 55 | of fitness or suitability. The network administrator is strongly encouraged to
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| 56 | perform due diligence research before implementing any backup solution, whether free
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| 57 | software or commercial.
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| 58 | </para>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <para>
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| 61 | A useful Web site I recently stumbled across that you might like to refer to
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| 62 | is located at <ulink noescape="1" url="http://www.allmerchants.com/Software/Backup_Software/">
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| 63 | www.allmerchants.com</ulink>.
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| 64 | </para>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <para>
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| 67 | The following three free software projects might also merit consideration.
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| 68 | </para>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <sect2>
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| 71 | <title>BackupPC</title>
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| 72 |
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <para>
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| 75 | <indexterm><primary>BackupPC</primary></indexterm>
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| 76 | <indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm>
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| 77 | <indexterm><primary>rsyncd</primary></indexterm>
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| 78 | BackupPC version 2.0.0 has been released on <ulink url="http://backuppc.sourceforge.net">SourceForge</ulink>.
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| 79 | New features include support for <command>rsync/rsyncd</command> and internationalization of the CGI interface
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| 80 | (including English, French, Spanish, and German).
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| 81 | </para>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para>
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| 84 | <indexterm><primary>BackupPC</primary></indexterm>
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| 85 | <indexterm><primary>laptops</primary></indexterm>
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| 86 | <indexterm><primary>SMB</primary></indexterm>
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| 87 | <indexterm><primary>smbclient</primary></indexterm>
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| 88 | <indexterm><primary>tar</primary></indexterm>
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| 89 | <indexterm><primary>rsh</primary></indexterm>
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| 90 | <indexterm><primary>ssh</primary></indexterm>
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| 91 | <indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm>
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| 92 | BackupPC is a high-performance Perl-based package for backing up Linux,
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| 93 | UNIX, and Windows PCs and laptops to a server's disk. BackupPC is highly
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| 94 | configurable and easy to install and maintain. SMB (via smbclient),
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| 95 | <command>tar</command> over <command>rsh/ssh</command>, or <command>rsync/rsyncd</command>
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| 96 | are used to extract client data.
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| 97 | </para>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <para>
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| 100 | <indexterm><primary>RAID</primary></indexterm>
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| 101 | <indexterm><primary>local disk</primary></indexterm>
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| 102 | <indexterm><primary>network storage</primary></indexterm>
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| 103 | Given the ever-decreasing cost of disks and RAID systems, it is now
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| 104 | practical and cost effective to backup a large number of machines onto
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| 105 | a server's local disk or network storage. This is what BackupPC does.
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| 106 | </para>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <para>
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| 109 | Key features are pooling of identical files (big savings in server disk
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| 110 | space), compression, and a comprehensive CGI interface that allows users
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| 111 | to browse backups and restore files.
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para>
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| 115 | <indexterm><primary>GNU GPL</primary></indexterm>
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| 116 | BackupPC is free software distributed under a GNU GPL license.
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| 117 | BackupPC runs on Linux/UNIX/freenix servers and has been tested
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| 118 | on Linux, UNIX, Windows 9x/Me, Windows 98, Windows 200x, Windows XP, and Mac OSX clients.
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| 119 | </para>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | </sect2>
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| 122 |
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| 123 | <sect2>
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| 124 | <title>Rsync</title>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <para>
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| 127 | <indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm>
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| 128 | <indexterm><primary>ftp</primary></indexterm>
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| 129 | <indexterm><primary>http</primary></indexterm>
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| 130 | <indexterm><primary>scp</primary></indexterm>
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| 131 | <indexterm><primary>rcp</primary></indexterm>
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| 132 | <indexterm><primary>checksum-search</primary></indexterm>
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| 133 | <command>rsync</command> is a flexible program for efficiently copying files or
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| 134 | directory trees.</para>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <para><command>rsync</command> has many options to select which files will be copied
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| 137 | and how they are to be transferred. It may be used as an
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| 138 | alternative to <command>ftp, http, scp</command>, or <command>rcp</command>.</para>
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| 139 |
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| 140 | <para>
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| 141 | <indexterm><primary>remote-update protocol</primary></indexterm>
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| 142 | <indexterm><primary>transfer differences</primary></indexterm>
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| 143 | <indexterm><primary>differences</primary></indexterm>
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| 144 | The rsync remote-update protocol allows rsync to transfer just
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| 145 | the differences between two sets of files across the network link,
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| 146 | using an efficient checksum-search algorithm described in the
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| 147 | technical report that accompanies the rsync package.</para>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <para>Some of the additional features of rsync are:</para>
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| 150 |
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| 151 | <itemizedlist>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | <listitem>
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| 154 | <para>
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| 155 | Support for copying links, devices, owners, groups, and permissions.
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| 156 | </para>
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| 157 | </listitem>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <listitem>
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| 160 | <para>
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| 161 | Exclude and exclude-from options are similar to GNU tar.
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| 162 | </para>
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| 163 | </listitem>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <listitem>
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| 166 | <para>
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| 167 | A CVS exclude mode for ignoring the same files that CVS would ignore.
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| 168 | </para>
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| 169 | </listitem>
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| 170 |
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| 171 | <listitem>
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| 172 | <para>
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| 173 | Can use any transparent remote shell, including rsh or ssh.
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| 174 | </para>
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| 175 | </listitem>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <listitem>
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| 178 | <para>
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| 179 | Does not require root privileges.
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| 180 | </para>
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| 181 | </listitem>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <listitem>
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| 184 | <para>
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| 185 | Pipelining of file transfers to minimize latency costs.
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| 186 | </para>
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| 187 | </listitem>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <listitem>
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| 190 | <para>
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| 191 | Support for anonymous or authenticated rsync servers (ideal for
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| 192 | mirroring).
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| 193 | </para>
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| 194 | </listitem>
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| 195 | </itemizedlist>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | </sect2>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <sect2>
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| 200 | <title>Amanda</title>
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| 201 |
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <para>
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| 204 | <indexterm><primary>Amanda</primary></indexterm>
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| 205 | <indexterm><primary>native dump</primary></indexterm>
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| 206 | <indexterm><primary>GNU tar</primary></indexterm>
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| 207 | Amanda, the Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver, is a backup system that
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| 208 | allows the administrator of a LAN to set up a single master backup server to back up
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| 209 | multiple hosts to a single large capacity tape drive. Amanda uses native dump and/or
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| 210 | GNU tar facilities and can back up a large number of workstations running multiple
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| 211 | versions of UNIX. Recent versions can also use Samba to back up Microsoft Windows hosts.
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| 212 | </para>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>
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| 215 | For more information regarding Amanda, please check the <ulink url="http://www.amanda.org/">
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| 216 | www.amanda.org/ site</ulink>.
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| 217 | </para>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | </sect2>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <sect2>
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| 222 | <title>BOBS: Browseable Online Backup System</title>
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| 223 |
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <para>
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| 226 | <indexterm><primary>BOBS</primary></indexterm>
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| 227 | Browseable Online Backup System (BOBS) is a complete online backup system. Uses large
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| 228 | disks for storing backups and lets users browse the files using a Web browser. Handles
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| 229 | some special files like AppleDouble and icon files.
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| 230 | </para>
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| 231 |
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| 232 | <para>
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| 233 | The home page for BOBS is located at <ulink url="http://bobs.sourceforge.net/">
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| 234 | bobs.sourceforge.net</ulink>.
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| 235 | </para>
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| 236 |
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| 237 | </sect2>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | </sect1>
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| 240 |
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| 241 | </chapter>
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