1 |
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2 | /* Use this file as a template to start implementing a module that
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3 | also declares object types. All occurrences of 'Xxo' should be changed
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4 | to something reasonable for your objects. After that, all other
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5 | occurrences of 'xx' should be changed to something reasonable for your
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6 | module. If your module is named foo your sourcefile should be named
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7 | foomodule.c.
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8 |
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9 | You will probably want to delete all references to 'x_attr' and add
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10 | your own types of attributes instead. Maybe you want to name your
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11 | local variables other than 'self'. If your object type is needed in
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12 | other files, you'll have to create a file "foobarobject.h"; see
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13 | intobject.h for an example. */
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14 |
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15 | /* Xxo objects */
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16 |
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17 | #include "Python.h"
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18 |
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19 | static PyObject *ErrorObject;
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20 |
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21 | typedef struct {
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22 | PyObject_HEAD
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23 | PyObject *x_attr; /* Attributes dictionary */
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24 | } XxoObject;
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25 |
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26 | static PyTypeObject Xxo_Type;
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27 |
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28 | #define XxoObject_Check(v) (Py_TYPE(v) == &Xxo_Type)
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29 |
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30 | static XxoObject *
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31 | newXxoObject(PyObject *arg)
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32 | {
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33 | XxoObject *self;
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34 | self = PyObject_New(XxoObject, &Xxo_Type);
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35 | if (self == NULL)
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36 | return NULL;
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37 | self->x_attr = NULL;
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38 | return self;
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39 | }
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40 |
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41 | /* Xxo methods */
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42 |
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43 | static void
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44 | Xxo_dealloc(XxoObject *self)
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45 | {
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46 | Py_XDECREF(self->x_attr);
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47 | PyObject_Del(self);
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48 | }
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49 |
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50 | static PyObject *
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51 | Xxo_demo(XxoObject *self, PyObject *args)
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52 | {
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53 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":demo"))
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54 | return NULL;
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55 | Py_INCREF(Py_None);
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56 | return Py_None;
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57 | }
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58 |
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59 | static PyMethodDef Xxo_methods[] = {
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60 | {"demo", (PyCFunction)Xxo_demo, METH_VARARGS,
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61 | PyDoc_STR("demo() -> None")},
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62 | {NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */
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63 | };
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64 |
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65 | static PyObject *
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66 | Xxo_getattr(XxoObject *self, char *name)
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67 | {
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68 | if (self->x_attr != NULL) {
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69 | PyObject *v = PyDict_GetItemString(self->x_attr, name);
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70 | if (v != NULL) {
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71 | Py_INCREF(v);
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72 | return v;
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73 | }
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74 | }
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75 | return Py_FindMethod(Xxo_methods, (PyObject *)self, name);
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76 | }
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77 |
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78 | static int
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79 | Xxo_setattr(XxoObject *self, char *name, PyObject *v)
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80 | {
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81 | if (self->x_attr == NULL) {
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82 | self->x_attr = PyDict_New();
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83 | if (self->x_attr == NULL)
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84 | return -1;
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85 | }
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86 | if (v == NULL) {
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87 | int rv = PyDict_DelItemString(self->x_attr, name);
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88 | if (rv < 0)
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89 | PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError,
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90 | "delete non-existing Xxo attribute");
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91 | return rv;
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92 | }
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93 | else
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94 | return PyDict_SetItemString(self->x_attr, name, v);
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95 | }
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96 |
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97 | static PyTypeObject Xxo_Type = {
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98 | /* The ob_type field must be initialized in the module init function
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99 | * to be portable to Windows without using C++. */
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100 | PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
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101 | "xxmodule.Xxo", /*tp_name*/
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102 | sizeof(XxoObject), /*tp_basicsize*/
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103 | 0, /*tp_itemsize*/
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104 | /* methods */
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105 | (destructor)Xxo_dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/
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106 | 0, /*tp_print*/
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107 | (getattrfunc)Xxo_getattr, /*tp_getattr*/
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108 | (setattrfunc)Xxo_setattr, /*tp_setattr*/
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109 | 0, /*tp_compare*/
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110 | 0, /*tp_repr*/
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111 | 0, /*tp_as_number*/
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112 | 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
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113 | 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
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114 | 0, /*tp_hash*/
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115 | 0, /*tp_call*/
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116 | 0, /*tp_str*/
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117 | 0, /*tp_getattro*/
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118 | 0, /*tp_setattro*/
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119 | 0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
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120 | Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT, /*tp_flags*/
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121 | 0, /*tp_doc*/
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122 | 0, /*tp_traverse*/
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123 | 0, /*tp_clear*/
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124 | 0, /*tp_richcompare*/
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125 | 0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
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126 | 0, /*tp_iter*/
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127 | 0, /*tp_iternext*/
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128 | 0, /*tp_methods*/
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129 | 0, /*tp_members*/
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130 | 0, /*tp_getset*/
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131 | 0, /*tp_base*/
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132 | 0, /*tp_dict*/
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133 | 0, /*tp_descr_get*/
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134 | 0, /*tp_descr_set*/
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135 | 0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
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136 | 0, /*tp_init*/
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137 | 0, /*tp_alloc*/
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138 | 0, /*tp_new*/
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139 | 0, /*tp_free*/
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140 | 0, /*tp_is_gc*/
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141 | };
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142 | /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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143 |
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144 | /* Function of two integers returning integer */
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145 |
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146 | PyDoc_STRVAR(xx_foo_doc,
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147 | "foo(i,j)\n\
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148 | \n\
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149 | Return the sum of i and j.");
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150 |
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151 | static PyObject *
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152 | xx_foo(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
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153 | {
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154 | long i, j;
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155 | long res;
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156 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ll:foo", &i, &j))
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157 | return NULL;
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158 | res = i+j; /* XXX Do something here */
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159 | return PyInt_FromLong(res);
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160 | }
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161 |
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162 |
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163 | /* Function of no arguments returning new Xxo object */
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164 |
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165 | static PyObject *
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166 | xx_new(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
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167 | {
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168 | XxoObject *rv;
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169 |
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170 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":new"))
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171 | return NULL;
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172 | rv = newXxoObject(args);
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173 | if (rv == NULL)
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174 | return NULL;
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175 | return (PyObject *)rv;
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176 | }
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177 |
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178 | /* Example with subtle bug from extensions manual ("Thin Ice"). */
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179 |
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180 | static PyObject *
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181 | xx_bug(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
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182 | {
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183 | PyObject *list, *item;
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184 |
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185 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:bug", &list))
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186 | return NULL;
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187 |
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188 | item = PyList_GetItem(list, 0);
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189 | /* Py_INCREF(item); */
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190 | PyList_SetItem(list, 1, PyInt_FromLong(0L));
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191 | PyObject_Print(item, stdout, 0);
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192 | printf("\n");
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193 | /* Py_DECREF(item); */
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194 |
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195 | Py_INCREF(Py_None);
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196 | return Py_None;
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197 | }
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198 |
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199 | /* Test bad format character */
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200 |
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201 | static PyObject *
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202 | xx_roj(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
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203 | {
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204 | PyObject *a;
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205 | long b;
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206 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O#:roj", &a, &b))
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207 | return NULL;
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208 | Py_INCREF(Py_None);
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209 | return Py_None;
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210 | }
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211 |
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212 |
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213 | /* ---------- */
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214 |
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215 | static PyTypeObject Str_Type = {
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216 | /* The ob_type field must be initialized in the module init function
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217 | * to be portable to Windows without using C++. */
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218 | PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
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219 | "xxmodule.Str", /*tp_name*/
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220 | 0, /*tp_basicsize*/
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221 | 0, /*tp_itemsize*/
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222 | /* methods */
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223 | 0, /*tp_dealloc*/
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224 | 0, /*tp_print*/
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225 | 0, /*tp_getattr*/
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226 | 0, /*tp_setattr*/
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227 | 0, /*tp_compare*/
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228 | 0, /*tp_repr*/
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229 | 0, /*tp_as_number*/
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230 | 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
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231 | 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
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232 | 0, /*tp_hash*/
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233 | 0, /*tp_call*/
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234 | 0, /*tp_str*/
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235 | 0, /*tp_getattro*/
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236 | 0, /*tp_setattro*/
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237 | 0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
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238 | Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
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239 | 0, /*tp_doc*/
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240 | 0, /*tp_traverse*/
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241 | 0, /*tp_clear*/
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242 | 0, /*tp_richcompare*/
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243 | 0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
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244 | 0, /*tp_iter*/
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245 | 0, /*tp_iternext*/
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246 | 0, /*tp_methods*/
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247 | 0, /*tp_members*/
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248 | 0, /*tp_getset*/
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249 | 0, /* see initxx */ /*tp_base*/
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250 | 0, /*tp_dict*/
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251 | 0, /*tp_descr_get*/
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252 | 0, /*tp_descr_set*/
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253 | 0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
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254 | 0, /*tp_init*/
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255 | 0, /*tp_alloc*/
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256 | 0, /*tp_new*/
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257 | 0, /*tp_free*/
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258 | 0, /*tp_is_gc*/
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259 | };
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260 |
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261 | /* ---------- */
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262 |
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263 | static PyObject *
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264 | null_richcompare(PyObject *self, PyObject *other, int op)
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265 | {
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266 | Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
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267 | return Py_NotImplemented;
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268 | }
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269 |
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270 | static PyTypeObject Null_Type = {
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271 | /* The ob_type field must be initialized in the module init function
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272 | * to be portable to Windows without using C++. */
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273 | PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
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274 | "xxmodule.Null", /*tp_name*/
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275 | 0, /*tp_basicsize*/
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276 | 0, /*tp_itemsize*/
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277 | /* methods */
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278 | 0, /*tp_dealloc*/
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279 | 0, /*tp_print*/
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280 | 0, /*tp_getattr*/
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281 | 0, /*tp_setattr*/
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282 | 0, /*tp_compare*/
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283 | 0, /*tp_repr*/
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284 | 0, /*tp_as_number*/
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285 | 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
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286 | 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
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287 | 0, /*tp_hash*/
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288 | 0, /*tp_call*/
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289 | 0, /*tp_str*/
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290 | 0, /*tp_getattro*/
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291 | 0, /*tp_setattro*/
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292 | 0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
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293 | Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
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294 | 0, /*tp_doc*/
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295 | 0, /*tp_traverse*/
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296 | 0, /*tp_clear*/
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297 | null_richcompare, /*tp_richcompare*/
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298 | 0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
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299 | 0, /*tp_iter*/
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300 | 0, /*tp_iternext*/
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301 | 0, /*tp_methods*/
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302 | 0, /*tp_members*/
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303 | 0, /*tp_getset*/
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304 | 0, /* see initxx */ /*tp_base*/
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305 | 0, /*tp_dict*/
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306 | 0, /*tp_descr_get*/
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307 | 0, /*tp_descr_set*/
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308 | 0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
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309 | 0, /*tp_init*/
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310 | 0, /*tp_alloc*/
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311 | 0, /* see initxx */ /*tp_new*/
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312 | 0, /*tp_free*/
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313 | 0, /*tp_is_gc*/
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314 | };
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315 |
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316 |
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317 | /* ---------- */
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318 |
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319 |
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320 | /* List of functions defined in the module */
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321 |
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322 | static PyMethodDef xx_methods[] = {
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323 | {"roj", xx_roj, METH_VARARGS,
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324 | PyDoc_STR("roj(a,b) -> None")},
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325 | {"foo", xx_foo, METH_VARARGS,
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326 | xx_foo_doc},
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327 | {"new", xx_new, METH_VARARGS,
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328 | PyDoc_STR("new() -> new Xx object")},
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329 | {"bug", xx_bug, METH_VARARGS,
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330 | PyDoc_STR("bug(o) -> None")},
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331 | {NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */
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332 | };
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333 |
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334 | PyDoc_STRVAR(module_doc,
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335 | "This is a template module just for instruction.");
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336 |
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337 | /* Initialization function for the module (*must* be called initxx) */
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338 |
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339 | PyMODINIT_FUNC
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340 | initxx(void)
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341 | {
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342 | PyObject *m;
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343 |
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344 | /* Due to cross platform compiler issues the slots must be filled
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345 | * here. It's required for portability to Windows without requiring
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346 | * C++. */
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347 | Null_Type.tp_base = &PyBaseObject_Type;
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348 | Null_Type.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
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349 | Str_Type.tp_base = &PyUnicode_Type;
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350 |
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351 | /* Finalize the type object including setting type of the new type
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352 | * object; doing it here is required for portability, too. */
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353 | if (PyType_Ready(&Xxo_Type) < 0)
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354 | return;
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355 |
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356 | /* Create the module and add the functions */
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357 | m = Py_InitModule3("xx", xx_methods, module_doc);
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358 | if (m == NULL)
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359 | return;
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360 |
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361 | /* Add some symbolic constants to the module */
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362 | if (ErrorObject == NULL) {
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363 | ErrorObject = PyErr_NewException("xx.error", NULL, NULL);
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364 | if (ErrorObject == NULL)
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365 | return;
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366 | }
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367 | Py_INCREF(ErrorObject);
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368 | PyModule_AddObject(m, "error", ErrorObject);
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369 |
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370 | /* Add Str */
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371 | if (PyType_Ready(&Str_Type) < 0)
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372 | return;
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373 | PyModule_AddObject(m, "Str", (PyObject *)&Str_Type);
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374 |
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375 | /* Add Null */
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376 | if (PyType_Ready(&Null_Type) < 0)
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377 | return;
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378 | PyModule_AddObject(m, "Null", (PyObject *)&Null_Type);
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379 | }
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