1 | """Functions that read and write gzipped files.
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2 |
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3 | The user of the file doesn't have to worry about the compression,
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4 | but random access is not allowed."""
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5 |
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6 | # based on Andrew Kuchling's minigzip.py distributed with the zlib module
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7 |
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8 | import struct, sys, time, os
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9 | import zlib
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10 | import io
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11 | import __builtin__
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12 |
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13 | __all__ = ["GzipFile","open"]
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14 |
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15 | FTEXT, FHCRC, FEXTRA, FNAME, FCOMMENT = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
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16 |
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17 | READ, WRITE = 1, 2
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18 |
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19 | def write32u(output, value):
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20 | # The L format writes the bit pattern correctly whether signed
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21 | # or unsigned.
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22 | output.write(struct.pack("<L", value))
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23 |
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24 | def read32(input):
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25 | return struct.unpack("<I", input.read(4))[0]
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26 |
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27 | def open(filename, mode="rb", compresslevel=9):
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28 | """Shorthand for GzipFile(filename, mode, compresslevel).
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29 |
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30 | The filename argument is required; mode defaults to 'rb'
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31 | and compresslevel defaults to 9.
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32 |
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33 | """
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34 | return GzipFile(filename, mode, compresslevel)
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35 |
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36 | class GzipFile(io.BufferedIOBase):
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37 | """The GzipFile class simulates most of the methods of a file object with
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38 | the exception of the readinto() and truncate() methods.
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39 |
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40 | """
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41 |
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42 | myfileobj = None
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43 | max_read_chunk = 10 * 1024 * 1024 # 10Mb
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44 |
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45 | def __init__(self, filename=None, mode=None,
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46 | compresslevel=9, fileobj=None, mtime=None):
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47 | """Constructor for the GzipFile class.
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48 |
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49 | At least one of fileobj and filename must be given a
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50 | non-trivial value.
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51 |
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52 | The new class instance is based on fileobj, which can be a regular
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53 | file, a StringIO object, or any other object which simulates a file.
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54 | It defaults to None, in which case filename is opened to provide
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55 | a file object.
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56 |
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57 | When fileobj is not None, the filename argument is only used to be
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58 | included in the gzip file header, which may includes the original
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59 | filename of the uncompressed file. It defaults to the filename of
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60 | fileobj, if discernible; otherwise, it defaults to the empty string,
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61 | and in this case the original filename is not included in the header.
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62 |
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63 | The mode argument can be any of 'r', 'rb', 'a', 'ab', 'w', or 'wb',
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64 | depending on whether the file will be read or written. The default
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65 | is the mode of fileobj if discernible; otherwise, the default is 'rb'.
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66 | Be aware that only the 'rb', 'ab', and 'wb' values should be used
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67 | for cross-platform portability.
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68 |
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69 | The compresslevel argument is an integer from 0 to 9 controlling the
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70 | level of compression; 1 is fastest and produces the least compression,
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71 | and 9 is slowest and produces the most compression. 0 is no compression
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72 | at all. The default is 9.
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73 |
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74 | The mtime argument is an optional numeric timestamp to be written
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75 | to the stream when compressing. All gzip compressed streams
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76 | are required to contain a timestamp. If omitted or None, the
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77 | current time is used. This module ignores the timestamp when
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78 | decompressing; however, some programs, such as gunzip, make use
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79 | of it. The format of the timestamp is the same as that of the
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80 | return value of time.time() and of the st_mtime member of the
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81 | object returned by os.stat().
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82 |
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83 | """
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84 |
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85 | # Make sure we don't inadvertently enable universal newlines on the
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86 | # underlying file object - in read mode, this causes data corruption.
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87 | if mode:
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88 | mode = mode.replace('U', '')
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89 | # guarantee the file is opened in binary mode on platforms
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90 | # that care about that sort of thing
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91 | if mode and 'b' not in mode:
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92 | mode += 'b'
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93 | if fileobj is None:
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94 | fileobj = self.myfileobj = __builtin__.open(filename, mode or 'rb')
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95 | if filename is None:
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96 | # Issue #13781: os.fdopen() creates a fileobj with a bogus name
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97 | # attribute. Avoid saving this in the gzip header's filename field.
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98 | if hasattr(fileobj, 'name') and fileobj.name != '<fdopen>':
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99 | filename = fileobj.name
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100 | else:
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101 | filename = ''
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102 | if mode is None:
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103 | if hasattr(fileobj, 'mode'): mode = fileobj.mode
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104 | else: mode = 'rb'
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105 |
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106 | if mode[0:1] == 'r':
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107 | self.mode = READ
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108 | # Set flag indicating start of a new member
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109 | self._new_member = True
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110 | # Buffer data read from gzip file. extrastart is offset in
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111 | # stream where buffer starts. extrasize is number of
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112 | # bytes remaining in buffer from current stream position.
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113 | self.extrabuf = ""
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114 | self.extrasize = 0
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115 | self.extrastart = 0
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116 | self.name = filename
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117 | # Starts small, scales exponentially
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118 | self.min_readsize = 100
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119 |
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120 | elif mode[0:1] == 'w' or mode[0:1] == 'a':
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121 | self.mode = WRITE
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122 | self._init_write(filename)
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123 | self.compress = zlib.compressobj(compresslevel,
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124 | zlib.DEFLATED,
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125 | -zlib.MAX_WBITS,
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126 | zlib.DEF_MEM_LEVEL,
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127 | 0)
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128 | else:
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129 | raise IOError, "Mode " + mode + " not supported"
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130 |
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131 | self.fileobj = fileobj
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132 | self.offset = 0
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133 | self.mtime = mtime
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134 |
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135 | if self.mode == WRITE:
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136 | self._write_gzip_header()
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137 |
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138 | @property
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139 | def filename(self):
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140 | import warnings
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141 | warnings.warn("use the name attribute", DeprecationWarning, 2)
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142 | if self.mode == WRITE and self.name[-3:] != ".gz":
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143 | return self.name + ".gz"
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144 | return self.name
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145 |
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146 | def __repr__(self):
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147 | s = repr(self.fileobj)
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148 | return '<gzip ' + s[1:-1] + ' ' + hex(id(self)) + '>'
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149 |
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150 | def _check_closed(self):
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151 | """Raises a ValueError if the underlying file object has been closed.
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152 |
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153 | """
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154 | if self.closed:
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155 | raise ValueError('I/O operation on closed file.')
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156 |
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157 | def _init_write(self, filename):
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158 | self.name = filename
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159 | self.crc = zlib.crc32("") & 0xffffffffL
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160 | self.size = 0
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161 | self.writebuf = []
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162 | self.bufsize = 0
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163 |
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164 | def _write_gzip_header(self):
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165 | self.fileobj.write('\037\213') # magic header
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166 | self.fileobj.write('\010') # compression method
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167 | fname = os.path.basename(self.name)
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168 | if fname.endswith(".gz"):
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169 | fname = fname[:-3]
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170 | flags = 0
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171 | if fname:
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172 | flags = FNAME
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173 | self.fileobj.write(chr(flags))
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174 | mtime = self.mtime
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175 | if mtime is None:
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176 | mtime = time.time()
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177 | write32u(self.fileobj, long(mtime))
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178 | self.fileobj.write('\002')
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179 | self.fileobj.write('\377')
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180 | if fname:
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181 | self.fileobj.write(fname + '\000')
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182 |
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183 | def _init_read(self):
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184 | self.crc = zlib.crc32("") & 0xffffffffL
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185 | self.size = 0
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186 |
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187 | def _read_gzip_header(self):
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188 | magic = self.fileobj.read(2)
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189 | if magic != '\037\213':
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190 | raise IOError, 'Not a gzipped file'
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191 | method = ord( self.fileobj.read(1) )
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192 | if method != 8:
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193 | raise IOError, 'Unknown compression method'
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194 | flag = ord( self.fileobj.read(1) )
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195 | self.mtime = read32(self.fileobj)
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196 | # extraflag = self.fileobj.read(1)
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197 | # os = self.fileobj.read(1)
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198 | self.fileobj.read(2)
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199 |
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200 | if flag & FEXTRA:
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201 | # Read & discard the extra field, if present
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202 | xlen = ord(self.fileobj.read(1))
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203 | xlen = xlen + 256*ord(self.fileobj.read(1))
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204 | self.fileobj.read(xlen)
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205 | if flag & FNAME:
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206 | # Read and discard a null-terminated string containing the filename
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207 | while True:
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208 | s = self.fileobj.read(1)
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209 | if not s or s=='\000':
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210 | break
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211 | if flag & FCOMMENT:
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212 | # Read and discard a null-terminated string containing a comment
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213 | while True:
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214 | s = self.fileobj.read(1)
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215 | if not s or s=='\000':
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216 | break
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217 | if flag & FHCRC:
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218 | self.fileobj.read(2) # Read & discard the 16-bit header CRC
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219 |
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220 | def write(self,data):
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221 | self._check_closed()
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222 | if self.mode != WRITE:
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223 | import errno
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224 | raise IOError(errno.EBADF, "write() on read-only GzipFile object")
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225 |
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226 | if self.fileobj is None:
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227 | raise ValueError, "write() on closed GzipFile object"
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228 |
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229 | # Convert data type if called by io.BufferedWriter.
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230 | if isinstance(data, memoryview):
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231 | data = data.tobytes()
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232 |
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233 | if len(data) > 0:
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234 | self.size = self.size + len(data)
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235 | self.crc = zlib.crc32(data, self.crc) & 0xffffffffL
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236 | self.fileobj.write( self.compress.compress(data) )
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237 | self.offset += len(data)
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238 |
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239 | return len(data)
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240 |
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241 | def read(self, size=-1):
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242 | self._check_closed()
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243 | if self.mode != READ:
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244 | import errno
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245 | raise IOError(errno.EBADF, "read() on write-only GzipFile object")
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246 |
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247 | if self.extrasize <= 0 and self.fileobj is None:
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248 | return ''
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249 |
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250 | readsize = 1024
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251 | if size < 0: # get the whole thing
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252 | try:
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253 | while True:
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254 | self._read(readsize)
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255 | readsize = min(self.max_read_chunk, readsize * 2)
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256 | except EOFError:
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257 | size = self.extrasize
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258 | else: # just get some more of it
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259 | try:
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260 | while size > self.extrasize:
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261 | self._read(readsize)
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262 | readsize = min(self.max_read_chunk, readsize * 2)
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263 | except EOFError:
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264 | if size > self.extrasize:
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265 | size = self.extrasize
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266 |
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267 | offset = self.offset - self.extrastart
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268 | chunk = self.extrabuf[offset: offset + size]
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269 | self.extrasize = self.extrasize - size
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270 |
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271 | self.offset += size
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272 | return chunk
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273 |
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274 | def _unread(self, buf):
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275 | self.extrasize = len(buf) + self.extrasize
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276 | self.offset -= len(buf)
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277 |
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278 | def _read(self, size=1024):
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279 | if self.fileobj is None:
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280 | raise EOFError, "Reached EOF"
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281 |
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282 | if self._new_member:
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283 | # If the _new_member flag is set, we have to
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284 | # jump to the next member, if there is one.
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285 | #
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286 | # First, check if we're at the end of the file;
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287 | # if so, it's time to stop; no more members to read.
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288 | pos = self.fileobj.tell() # Save current position
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289 | self.fileobj.seek(0, 2) # Seek to end of file
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290 | if pos == self.fileobj.tell():
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291 | raise EOFError, "Reached EOF"
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292 | else:
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293 | self.fileobj.seek( pos ) # Return to original position
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294 |
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295 | self._init_read()
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296 | self._read_gzip_header()
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297 | self.decompress = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
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298 | self._new_member = False
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299 |
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300 | # Read a chunk of data from the file
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301 | buf = self.fileobj.read(size)
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302 |
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303 | # If the EOF has been reached, flush the decompression object
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304 | # and mark this object as finished.
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305 |
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306 | if buf == "":
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307 | uncompress = self.decompress.flush()
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308 | self._read_eof()
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309 | self._add_read_data( uncompress )
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310 | raise EOFError, 'Reached EOF'
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311 |
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312 | uncompress = self.decompress.decompress(buf)
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313 | self._add_read_data( uncompress )
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314 |
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315 | if self.decompress.unused_data != "":
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316 | # Ending case: we've come to the end of a member in the file,
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317 | # so seek back to the start of the unused data, finish up
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318 | # this member, and read a new gzip header.
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319 | # (The number of bytes to seek back is the length of the unused
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320 | # data, minus 8 because _read_eof() will rewind a further 8 bytes)
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321 | self.fileobj.seek( -len(self.decompress.unused_data)+8, 1)
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322 |
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323 | # Check the CRC and file size, and set the flag so we read
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324 | # a new member on the next call
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325 | self._read_eof()
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326 | self._new_member = True
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327 |
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328 | def _add_read_data(self, data):
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329 | self.crc = zlib.crc32(data, self.crc) & 0xffffffffL
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330 | offset = self.offset - self.extrastart
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331 | self.extrabuf = self.extrabuf[offset:] + data
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332 | self.extrasize = self.extrasize + len(data)
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333 | self.extrastart = self.offset
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334 | self.size = self.size + len(data)
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335 |
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336 | def _read_eof(self):
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337 | # We've read to the end of the file, so we have to rewind in order
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338 | # to reread the 8 bytes containing the CRC and the file size.
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339 | # We check the that the computed CRC and size of the
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340 | # uncompressed data matches the stored values. Note that the size
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341 | # stored is the true file size mod 2**32.
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342 | self.fileobj.seek(-8, 1)
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343 | crc32 = read32(self.fileobj)
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344 | isize = read32(self.fileobj) # may exceed 2GB
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345 | if crc32 != self.crc:
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346 | raise IOError("CRC check failed %s != %s" % (hex(crc32),
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347 | hex(self.crc)))
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348 | elif isize != (self.size & 0xffffffffL):
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349 | raise IOError, "Incorrect length of data produced"
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350 |
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351 | # Gzip files can be padded with zeroes and still have archives.
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352 | # Consume all zero bytes and set the file position to the first
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353 | # non-zero byte. See http://www.gzip.org/#faq8
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354 | c = "\x00"
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355 | while c == "\x00":
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356 | c = self.fileobj.read(1)
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357 | if c:
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358 | self.fileobj.seek(-1, 1)
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359 |
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360 | @property
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361 | def closed(self):
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362 | return self.fileobj is None
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363 |
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364 | def close(self):
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365 | if self.fileobj is None:
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366 | return
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367 | if self.mode == WRITE:
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368 | self.fileobj.write(self.compress.flush())
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369 | write32u(self.fileobj, self.crc)
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370 | # self.size may exceed 2GB, or even 4GB
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371 | write32u(self.fileobj, self.size & 0xffffffffL)
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372 | self.fileobj = None
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373 | elif self.mode == READ:
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374 | self.fileobj = None
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375 | if self.myfileobj:
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376 | self.myfileobj.close()
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377 | self.myfileobj = None
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378 |
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379 | def flush(self,zlib_mode=zlib.Z_SYNC_FLUSH):
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380 | self._check_closed()
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381 | if self.mode == WRITE:
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382 | # Ensure the compressor's buffer is flushed
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383 | self.fileobj.write(self.compress.flush(zlib_mode))
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384 | self.fileobj.flush()
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385 |
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386 | def fileno(self):
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387 | """Invoke the underlying file object's fileno() method.
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388 |
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389 | This will raise AttributeError if the underlying file object
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390 | doesn't support fileno().
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391 | """
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392 | return self.fileobj.fileno()
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393 |
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394 | def rewind(self):
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395 | '''Return the uncompressed stream file position indicator to the
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396 | beginning of the file'''
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397 | if self.mode != READ:
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398 | raise IOError("Can't rewind in write mode")
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399 | self.fileobj.seek(0)
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400 | self._new_member = True
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401 | self.extrabuf = ""
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402 | self.extrasize = 0
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403 | self.extrastart = 0
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404 | self.offset = 0
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405 |
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406 | def readable(self):
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407 | return self.mode == READ
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408 |
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409 | def writable(self):
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410 | return self.mode == WRITE
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411 |
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412 | def seekable(self):
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413 | return True
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414 |
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415 | def seek(self, offset, whence=0):
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416 | if whence:
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417 | if whence == 1:
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418 | offset = self.offset + offset
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419 | else:
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420 | raise ValueError('Seek from end not supported')
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421 | if self.mode == WRITE:
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422 | if offset < self.offset:
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423 | raise IOError('Negative seek in write mode')
|
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424 | count = offset - self.offset
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425 | for i in xrange(count // 1024):
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426 | self.write(1024 * '\0')
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427 | self.write((count % 1024) * '\0')
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428 | elif self.mode == READ:
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429 | if offset < self.offset:
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430 | # for negative seek, rewind and do positive seek
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431 | self.rewind()
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432 | count = offset - self.offset
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433 | for i in xrange(count // 1024):
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434 | self.read(1024)
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435 | self.read(count % 1024)
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436 |
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437 | return self.offset
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438 |
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439 | def readline(self, size=-1):
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440 | if size < 0:
|
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441 | # Shortcut common case - newline found in buffer.
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442 | offset = self.offset - self.extrastart
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443 | i = self.extrabuf.find('\n', offset) + 1
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444 | if i > 0:
|
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445 | self.extrasize -= i - offset
|
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446 | self.offset += i - offset
|
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447 | return self.extrabuf[offset: i]
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448 |
|
---|
449 | size = sys.maxint
|
---|
450 | readsize = self.min_readsize
|
---|
451 | else:
|
---|
452 | readsize = size
|
---|
453 | bufs = []
|
---|
454 | while size != 0:
|
---|
455 | c = self.read(readsize)
|
---|
456 | i = c.find('\n')
|
---|
457 |
|
---|
458 | # We set i=size to break out of the loop under two
|
---|
459 | # conditions: 1) there's no newline, and the chunk is
|
---|
460 | # larger than size, or 2) there is a newline, but the
|
---|
461 | # resulting line would be longer than 'size'.
|
---|
462 | if (size <= i) or (i == -1 and len(c) > size):
|
---|
463 | i = size - 1
|
---|
464 |
|
---|
465 | if i >= 0 or c == '':
|
---|
466 | bufs.append(c[:i + 1]) # Add portion of last chunk
|
---|
467 | self._unread(c[i + 1:]) # Push back rest of chunk
|
---|
468 | break
|
---|
469 |
|
---|
470 | # Append chunk to list, decrease 'size',
|
---|
471 | bufs.append(c)
|
---|
472 | size = size - len(c)
|
---|
473 | readsize = min(size, readsize * 2)
|
---|
474 | if readsize > self.min_readsize:
|
---|
475 | self.min_readsize = min(readsize, self.min_readsize * 2, 512)
|
---|
476 | return ''.join(bufs) # Return resulting line
|
---|
477 |
|
---|
478 |
|
---|
479 | def _test():
|
---|
480 | # Act like gzip; with -d, act like gunzip.
|
---|
481 | # The input file is not deleted, however, nor are any other gzip
|
---|
482 | # options or features supported.
|
---|
483 | args = sys.argv[1:]
|
---|
484 | decompress = args and args[0] == "-d"
|
---|
485 | if decompress:
|
---|
486 | args = args[1:]
|
---|
487 | if not args:
|
---|
488 | args = ["-"]
|
---|
489 | for arg in args:
|
---|
490 | if decompress:
|
---|
491 | if arg == "-":
|
---|
492 | f = GzipFile(filename="", mode="rb", fileobj=sys.stdin)
|
---|
493 | g = sys.stdout
|
---|
494 | else:
|
---|
495 | if arg[-3:] != ".gz":
|
---|
496 | print "filename doesn't end in .gz:", repr(arg)
|
---|
497 | continue
|
---|
498 | f = open(arg, "rb")
|
---|
499 | g = __builtin__.open(arg[:-3], "wb")
|
---|
500 | else:
|
---|
501 | if arg == "-":
|
---|
502 | f = sys.stdin
|
---|
503 | g = GzipFile(filename="", mode="wb", fileobj=sys.stdout)
|
---|
504 | else:
|
---|
505 | f = __builtin__.open(arg, "rb")
|
---|
506 | g = open(arg + ".gz", "wb")
|
---|
507 | while True:
|
---|
508 | chunk = f.read(1024)
|
---|
509 | if not chunk:
|
---|
510 | break
|
---|
511 | g.write(chunk)
|
---|
512 | if g is not sys.stdout:
|
---|
513 | g.close()
|
---|
514 | if f is not sys.stdin:
|
---|
515 | f.close()
|
---|
516 |
|
---|
517 | if __name__ == '__main__':
|
---|
518 | _test()
|
---|