| 1 | """distutils.fancy_getopt
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| 2 |
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| 3 | Wrapper around the standard getopt module that provides the following
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| 4 | additional features:
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| 5 | * short and long options are tied together
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| 6 | * options have help strings, so fancy_getopt could potentially
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| 7 | create a complete usage summary
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| 8 | * options set attributes of a passed-in object
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| 9 | """
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| 10 |
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| 11 | __revision__ = "$Id$"
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| 12 |
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| 13 | import sys
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| 14 | import string
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| 15 | import re
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| 16 | import getopt
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| 17 | from distutils.errors import DistutilsGetoptError, DistutilsArgError
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| 18 |
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| 19 | # Much like command_re in distutils.core, this is close to but not quite
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| 20 | # the same as a Python NAME -- except, in the spirit of most GNU
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| 21 | # utilities, we use '-' in place of '_'. (The spirit of LISP lives on!)
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| 22 | # The similarities to NAME are again not a coincidence...
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| 23 | longopt_pat = r'[a-zA-Z](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]*)'
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| 24 | longopt_re = re.compile(r'^%s$' % longopt_pat)
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| 25 |
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| 26 | # For recognizing "negative alias" options, eg. "quiet=!verbose"
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| 27 | neg_alias_re = re.compile("^(%s)=!(%s)$" % (longopt_pat, longopt_pat))
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| 28 |
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| 29 | # This is used to translate long options to legitimate Python identifiers
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| 30 | # (for use as attributes of some object).
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| 31 | longopt_xlate = string.maketrans('-', '_')
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| 32 |
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| 33 | class FancyGetopt:
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| 34 | """Wrapper around the standard 'getopt()' module that provides some
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| 35 | handy extra functionality:
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| 36 | * short and long options are tied together
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| 37 | * options have help strings, and help text can be assembled
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| 38 | from them
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| 39 | * options set attributes of a passed-in object
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| 40 | * boolean options can have "negative aliases" -- eg. if
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| 41 | --quiet is the "negative alias" of --verbose, then "--quiet"
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| 42 | on the command line sets 'verbose' to false
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| 43 | """
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| 44 |
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| 45 | def __init__ (self, option_table=None):
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| 46 |
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| 47 | # The option table is (currently) a list of tuples. The
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| 48 | # tuples may have 3 or four values:
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| 49 | # (long_option, short_option, help_string [, repeatable])
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| 50 | # if an option takes an argument, its long_option should have '='
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| 51 | # appended; short_option should just be a single character, no ':'
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| 52 | # in any case. If a long_option doesn't have a corresponding
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| 53 | # short_option, short_option should be None. All option tuples
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| 54 | # must have long options.
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| 55 | self.option_table = option_table
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| 56 |
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| 57 | # 'option_index' maps long option names to entries in the option
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| 58 | # table (ie. those 3-tuples).
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| 59 | self.option_index = {}
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| 60 | if self.option_table:
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| 61 | self._build_index()
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| 62 |
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| 63 | # 'alias' records (duh) alias options; {'foo': 'bar'} means
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| 64 | # --foo is an alias for --bar
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| 65 | self.alias = {}
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| 66 |
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| 67 | # 'negative_alias' keeps track of options that are the boolean
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| 68 | # opposite of some other option
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| 69 | self.negative_alias = {}
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| 70 |
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| 71 | # These keep track of the information in the option table. We
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| 72 | # don't actually populate these structures until we're ready to
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| 73 | # parse the command-line, since the 'option_table' passed in here
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| 74 | # isn't necessarily the final word.
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| 75 | self.short_opts = []
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| 76 | self.long_opts = []
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| 77 | self.short2long = {}
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| 78 | self.attr_name = {}
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| 79 | self.takes_arg = {}
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| 80 |
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| 81 | # And 'option_order' is filled up in 'getopt()'; it records the
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| 82 | # original order of options (and their values) on the command-line,
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| 83 | # but expands short options, converts aliases, etc.
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| 84 | self.option_order = []
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| 85 |
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| 86 | # __init__ ()
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| 87 |
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| 88 |
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| 89 | def _build_index (self):
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| 90 | self.option_index.clear()
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| 91 | for option in self.option_table:
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| 92 | self.option_index[option[0]] = option
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| 93 |
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| 94 | def set_option_table (self, option_table):
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| 95 | self.option_table = option_table
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| 96 | self._build_index()
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| 97 |
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| 98 | def add_option (self, long_option, short_option=None, help_string=None):
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| 99 | if long_option in self.option_index:
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| 100 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 101 | "option conflict: already an option '%s'" % long_option
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| 102 | else:
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| 103 | option = (long_option, short_option, help_string)
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| 104 | self.option_table.append(option)
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| 105 | self.option_index[long_option] = option
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| 106 |
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| 107 |
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| 108 | def has_option (self, long_option):
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| 109 | """Return true if the option table for this parser has an
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| 110 | option with long name 'long_option'."""
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| 111 | return long_option in self.option_index
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| 112 |
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| 113 | def get_attr_name (self, long_option):
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| 114 | """Translate long option name 'long_option' to the form it
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| 115 | has as an attribute of some object: ie., translate hyphens
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| 116 | to underscores."""
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| 117 | return string.translate(long_option, longopt_xlate)
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| 118 |
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| 119 |
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| 120 | def _check_alias_dict (self, aliases, what):
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| 121 | assert isinstance(aliases, dict)
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| 122 | for (alias, opt) in aliases.items():
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| 123 | if alias not in self.option_index:
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| 124 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 125 | ("invalid %s '%s': "
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| 126 | "option '%s' not defined") % (what, alias, alias)
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| 127 | if opt not in self.option_index:
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| 128 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 129 | ("invalid %s '%s': "
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| 130 | "aliased option '%s' not defined") % (what, alias, opt)
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| 131 |
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| 132 | def set_aliases (self, alias):
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| 133 | """Set the aliases for this option parser."""
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| 134 | self._check_alias_dict(alias, "alias")
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| 135 | self.alias = alias
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| 136 |
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| 137 | def set_negative_aliases (self, negative_alias):
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| 138 | """Set the negative aliases for this option parser.
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| 139 | 'negative_alias' should be a dictionary mapping option names to
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| 140 | option names, both the key and value must already be defined
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| 141 | in the option table."""
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| 142 | self._check_alias_dict(negative_alias, "negative alias")
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| 143 | self.negative_alias = negative_alias
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| 144 |
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| 145 |
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| 146 | def _grok_option_table (self):
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| 147 | """Populate the various data structures that keep tabs on the
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| 148 | option table. Called by 'getopt()' before it can do anything
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| 149 | worthwhile.
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| 150 | """
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| 151 | self.long_opts = []
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| 152 | self.short_opts = []
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| 153 | self.short2long.clear()
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| 154 | self.repeat = {}
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| 155 |
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| 156 | for option in self.option_table:
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| 157 | if len(option) == 3:
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| 158 | long, short, help = option
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| 159 | repeat = 0
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| 160 | elif len(option) == 4:
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| 161 | long, short, help, repeat = option
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| 162 | else:
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| 163 | # the option table is part of the code, so simply
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| 164 | # assert that it is correct
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| 165 | raise ValueError, "invalid option tuple: %r" % (option,)
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| 166 |
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| 167 | # Type- and value-check the option names
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| 168 | if not isinstance(long, str) or len(long) < 2:
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| 169 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 170 | ("invalid long option '%s': "
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| 171 | "must be a string of length >= 2") % long
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| 172 |
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| 173 | if (not ((short is None) or
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| 174 | (isinstance(short, str) and len(short) == 1))):
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| 175 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 176 | ("invalid short option '%s': "
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| 177 | "must a single character or None") % short
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| 178 |
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| 179 | self.repeat[long] = repeat
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| 180 | self.long_opts.append(long)
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| 181 |
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| 182 | if long[-1] == '=': # option takes an argument?
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| 183 | if short: short = short + ':'
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| 184 | long = long[0:-1]
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| 185 | self.takes_arg[long] = 1
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| 186 | else:
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| 187 |
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| 188 | # Is option is a "negative alias" for some other option (eg.
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| 189 | # "quiet" == "!verbose")?
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| 190 | alias_to = self.negative_alias.get(long)
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| 191 | if alias_to is not None:
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| 192 | if self.takes_arg[alias_to]:
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| 193 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 194 | ("invalid negative alias '%s': "
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| 195 | "aliased option '%s' takes a value") % \
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| 196 | (long, alias_to)
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| 197 |
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| 198 | self.long_opts[-1] = long # XXX redundant?!
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| 199 | self.takes_arg[long] = 0
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| 200 |
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| 201 | else:
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| 202 | self.takes_arg[long] = 0
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| 203 |
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| 204 | # If this is an alias option, make sure its "takes arg" flag is
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| 205 | # the same as the option it's aliased to.
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| 206 | alias_to = self.alias.get(long)
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| 207 | if alias_to is not None:
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| 208 | if self.takes_arg[long] != self.takes_arg[alias_to]:
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| 209 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 210 | ("invalid alias '%s': inconsistent with "
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| 211 | "aliased option '%s' (one of them takes a value, "
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| 212 | "the other doesn't") % (long, alias_to)
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| 213 |
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| 214 |
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| 215 | # Now enforce some bondage on the long option name, so we can
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| 216 | # later translate it to an attribute name on some object. Have
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| 217 | # to do this a bit late to make sure we've removed any trailing
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| 218 | # '='.
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| 219 | if not longopt_re.match(long):
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| 220 | raise DistutilsGetoptError, \
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| 221 | ("invalid long option name '%s' " +
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| 222 | "(must be letters, numbers, hyphens only") % long
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| 223 |
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| 224 | self.attr_name[long] = self.get_attr_name(long)
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| 225 | if short:
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| 226 | self.short_opts.append(short)
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| 227 | self.short2long[short[0]] = long
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| 228 |
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| 229 | # for option_table
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| 230 |
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| 231 | # _grok_option_table()
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| 232 |
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| 233 |
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| 234 | def getopt (self, args=None, object=None):
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| 235 | """Parse command-line options in args. Store as attributes on object.
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| 236 |
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| 237 | If 'args' is None or not supplied, uses 'sys.argv[1:]'. If
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| 238 | 'object' is None or not supplied, creates a new OptionDummy
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| 239 | object, stores option values there, and returns a tuple (args,
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| 240 | object). If 'object' is supplied, it is modified in place and
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| 241 | 'getopt()' just returns 'args'; in both cases, the returned
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| 242 | 'args' is a modified copy of the passed-in 'args' list, which
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| 243 | is left untouched.
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| 244 | """
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| 245 | if args is None:
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| 246 | args = sys.argv[1:]
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| 247 | if object is None:
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| 248 | object = OptionDummy()
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| 249 | created_object = 1
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| 250 | else:
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| 251 | created_object = 0
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| 252 |
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| 253 | self._grok_option_table()
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| 254 |
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| 255 | short_opts = string.join(self.short_opts)
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| 256 | try:
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| 257 | opts, args = getopt.getopt(args, short_opts, self.long_opts)
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| 258 | except getopt.error, msg:
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| 259 | raise DistutilsArgError, msg
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| 260 |
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| 261 | for opt, val in opts:
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| 262 | if len(opt) == 2 and opt[0] == '-': # it's a short option
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| 263 | opt = self.short2long[opt[1]]
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| 264 | else:
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| 265 | assert len(opt) > 2 and opt[:2] == '--'
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| 266 | opt = opt[2:]
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| 267 |
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| 268 | alias = self.alias.get(opt)
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| 269 | if alias:
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| 270 | opt = alias
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| 271 |
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| 272 | if not self.takes_arg[opt]: # boolean option?
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| 273 | assert val == '', "boolean option can't have value"
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| 274 | alias = self.negative_alias.get(opt)
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| 275 | if alias:
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| 276 | opt = alias
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| 277 | val = 0
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| 278 | else:
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| 279 | val = 1
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| 280 |
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| 281 | attr = self.attr_name[opt]
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| 282 | # The only repeating option at the moment is 'verbose'.
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| 283 | # It has a negative option -q quiet, which should set verbose = 0.
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| 284 | if val and self.repeat.get(attr) is not None:
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| 285 | val = getattr(object, attr, 0) + 1
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| 286 | setattr(object, attr, val)
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| 287 | self.option_order.append((opt, val))
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| 288 |
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| 289 | # for opts
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| 290 | if created_object:
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| 291 | return args, object
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| 292 | else:
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| 293 | return args
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| 294 |
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| 295 | # getopt()
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| 296 |
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| 297 |
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| 298 | def get_option_order (self):
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| 299 | """Returns the list of (option, value) tuples processed by the
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| 300 | previous run of 'getopt()'. Raises RuntimeError if
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| 301 | 'getopt()' hasn't been called yet.
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| 302 | """
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| 303 | if self.option_order is None:
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| 304 | raise RuntimeError, "'getopt()' hasn't been called yet"
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| 305 | else:
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| 306 | return self.option_order
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| 307 |
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| 308 |
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| 309 | def generate_help (self, header=None):
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| 310 | """Generate help text (a list of strings, one per suggested line of
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| 311 | output) from the option table for this FancyGetopt object.
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| 312 | """
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| 313 | # Blithely assume the option table is good: probably wouldn't call
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| 314 | # 'generate_help()' unless you've already called 'getopt()'.
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| 315 |
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| 316 | # First pass: determine maximum length of long option names
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| 317 | max_opt = 0
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| 318 | for option in self.option_table:
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| 319 | long = option[0]
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| 320 | short = option[1]
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| 321 | l = len(long)
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| 322 | if long[-1] == '=':
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| 323 | l = l - 1
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| 324 | if short is not None:
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| 325 | l = l + 5 # " (-x)" where short == 'x'
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| 326 | if l > max_opt:
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| 327 | max_opt = l
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| 328 |
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| 329 | opt_width = max_opt + 2 + 2 + 2 # room for indent + dashes + gutter
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| 330 |
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| 331 | # Typical help block looks like this:
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| 332 | # --foo controls foonabulation
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| 333 | # Help block for longest option looks like this:
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| 334 | # --flimflam set the flim-flam level
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| 335 | # and with wrapped text:
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| 336 | # --flimflam set the flim-flam level (must be between
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| 337 | # 0 and 100, except on Tuesdays)
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| 338 | # Options with short names will have the short name shown (but
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| 339 | # it doesn't contribute to max_opt):
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| 340 | # --foo (-f) controls foonabulation
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| 341 | # If adding the short option would make the left column too wide,
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| 342 | # we push the explanation off to the next line
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| 343 | # --flimflam (-l)
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| 344 | # set the flim-flam level
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| 345 | # Important parameters:
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| 346 | # - 2 spaces before option block start lines
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| 347 | # - 2 dashes for each long option name
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| 348 | # - min. 2 spaces between option and explanation (gutter)
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| 349 | # - 5 characters (incl. space) for short option name
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| 350 |
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| 351 | # Now generate lines of help text. (If 80 columns were good enough
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| 352 | # for Jesus, then 78 columns are good enough for me!)
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| 353 | line_width = 78
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| 354 | text_width = line_width - opt_width
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| 355 | big_indent = ' ' * opt_width
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| 356 | if header:
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| 357 | lines = [header]
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| 358 | else:
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| 359 | lines = ['Option summary:']
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| 360 |
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| 361 | for option in self.option_table:
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| 362 | long, short, help = option[:3]
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| 363 | text = wrap_text(help, text_width)
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| 364 | if long[-1] == '=':
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| 365 | long = long[0:-1]
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| 366 |
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| 367 | # Case 1: no short option at all (makes life easy)
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| 368 | if short is None:
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| 369 | if text:
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| 370 | lines.append(" --%-*s %s" % (max_opt, long, text[0]))
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| 371 | else:
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| 372 | lines.append(" --%-*s " % (max_opt, long))
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| 373 |
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| 374 | # Case 2: we have a short option, so we have to include it
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| 375 | # just after the long option
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| 376 | else:
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| 377 | opt_names = "%s (-%s)" % (long, short)
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| 378 | if text:
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| 379 | lines.append(" --%-*s %s" %
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| 380 | (max_opt, opt_names, text[0]))
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| 381 | else:
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| 382 | lines.append(" --%-*s" % opt_names)
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| 383 |
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| 384 | for l in text[1:]:
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| 385 | lines.append(big_indent + l)
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| 386 |
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| 387 | # for self.option_table
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| 388 |
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| 389 | return lines
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| 390 |
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| 391 | # generate_help ()
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| 392 |
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| 393 | def print_help (self, header=None, file=None):
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| 394 | if file is None:
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| 395 | file = sys.stdout
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| 396 | for line in self.generate_help(header):
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| 397 | file.write(line + "\n")
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| 398 |
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| 399 | # class FancyGetopt
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| 400 |
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| 401 |
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| 402 | def fancy_getopt (options, negative_opt, object, args):
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| 403 | parser = FancyGetopt(options)
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| 404 | parser.set_negative_aliases(negative_opt)
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| 405 | return parser.getopt(args, object)
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| 406 |
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| 407 |
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| 408 | WS_TRANS = string.maketrans(string.whitespace, ' ' * len(string.whitespace))
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| 409 |
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| 410 | def wrap_text (text, width):
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| 411 | """wrap_text(text : string, width : int) -> [string]
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| 412 |
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| 413 | Split 'text' into multiple lines of no more than 'width' characters
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| 414 | each, and return the list of strings that results.
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| 415 | """
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| 416 |
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| 417 | if text is None:
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| 418 | return []
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| 419 | if len(text) <= width:
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| 420 | return [text]
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| 421 |
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| 422 | text = string.expandtabs(text)
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| 423 | text = string.translate(text, WS_TRANS)
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| 424 | chunks = re.split(r'( +|-+)', text)
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| 425 | chunks = filter(None, chunks) # ' - ' results in empty strings
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| 426 | lines = []
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| 427 |
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| 428 | while chunks:
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| 429 |
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| 430 | cur_line = [] # list of chunks (to-be-joined)
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| 431 | cur_len = 0 # length of current line
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| 432 |
|
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| 433 | while chunks:
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| 434 | l = len(chunks[0])
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| 435 | if cur_len + l <= width: # can squeeze (at least) this chunk in
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| 436 | cur_line.append(chunks[0])
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| 437 | del chunks[0]
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| 438 | cur_len = cur_len + l
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| 439 | else: # this line is full
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| 440 | # drop last chunk if all space
|
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| 441 | if cur_line and cur_line[-1][0] == ' ':
|
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| 442 | del cur_line[-1]
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| 443 | break
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| 444 |
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| 445 | if chunks: # any chunks left to process?
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| 446 |
|
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| 447 | # if the current line is still empty, then we had a single
|
|---|
| 448 | # chunk that's too big too fit on a line -- so we break
|
|---|
| 449 | # down and break it up at the line width
|
|---|
| 450 | if cur_len == 0:
|
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| 451 | cur_line.append(chunks[0][0:width])
|
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| 452 | chunks[0] = chunks[0][width:]
|
|---|
| 453 |
|
|---|
| 454 | # all-whitespace chunks at the end of a line can be discarded
|
|---|
| 455 | # (and we know from the re.split above that if a chunk has
|
|---|
| 456 | # *any* whitespace, it is *all* whitespace)
|
|---|
| 457 | if chunks[0][0] == ' ':
|
|---|
| 458 | del chunks[0]
|
|---|
| 459 |
|
|---|
| 460 | # and store this line in the list-of-all-lines -- as a single
|
|---|
| 461 | # string, of course!
|
|---|
| 462 | lines.append(string.join(cur_line, ''))
|
|---|
| 463 |
|
|---|
| 464 | # while chunks
|
|---|
| 465 |
|
|---|
| 466 | return lines
|
|---|
| 467 |
|
|---|
| 468 |
|
|---|
| 469 | def translate_longopt(opt):
|
|---|
| 470 | """Convert a long option name to a valid Python identifier by
|
|---|
| 471 | changing "-" to "_".
|
|---|
| 472 | """
|
|---|
| 473 | return string.translate(opt, longopt_xlate)
|
|---|
| 474 |
|
|---|
| 475 |
|
|---|
| 476 | class OptionDummy:
|
|---|
| 477 | """Dummy class just used as a place to hold command-line option
|
|---|
| 478 | values as instance attributes."""
|
|---|
| 479 |
|
|---|
| 480 | def __init__ (self, options=[]):
|
|---|
| 481 | """Create a new OptionDummy instance. The attributes listed in
|
|---|
| 482 | 'options' will be initialized to None."""
|
|---|
| 483 | for opt in options:
|
|---|
| 484 | setattr(self, opt, None)
|
|---|
