:mod:`future_builtins` --- Python 3 builtins

.. module:: future_builtins

.. sectionauthor:: Georg Brandl

.. versionadded:: 2.6

This module provides functions that exist in 2.x, but have different behavior in Python 3, so they cannot be put into the 2.x builtins namespace.

Instead, if you want to write code compatible with Python 3 builtins, import them from this module, like this:

from future_builtins import map, filter

... code using Python 3-style map and filter ...

The :term:`2to3` tool that ports Python 2 code to Python 3 will recognize this usage and leave the new builtins alone.

from __future__ import print_function

Available builtins are:

.. function:: ascii(object)

   Returns the same as :func:`repr`.  In Python 3, :func:`repr` will return
   printable Unicode characters unescaped, while :func:`ascii` will always
   backslash-escape them.  Using :func:`future_builtins.ascii` instead of
   :func:`repr` in 2.6 code makes it clear that you need a pure ASCII return
   value.

.. function:: filter(function, iterable)

   Works like :func:`itertools.ifilter`.

.. function:: hex(object)

   Works like the built-in :func:`hex`, but instead of :meth:`__hex__` it will
   use the :meth:`__index__` method on its argument to get an integer that is
   then converted to hexadecimal.

.. function:: map(function, iterable, ...)

   Works like :func:`itertools.imap`.

.. function:: oct(object)

   Works like the built-in :func:`oct`, but instead of :meth:`__oct__` it will
   use the :meth:`__index__` method on its argument to get an integer that is
   then converted to octal.

.. function:: zip(*iterables)

   Works like :func:`itertools.izip`.