source: trunk/grep/src/dfa.h@ 3003

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1/* dfa.h - declarations for GNU deterministic regexp compiler
2 Copyright (C) 1988, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
7 any later version.
8
9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 GNU General Public License for more details.
13
14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA */
17
18/* Written June, 1988 by Mike Haertel */
19
20/* FIXME:
21 2. We should not export so much of the DFA internals.
22 In addition to clobbering modularity, we eat up valuable
23 name space. */
24
25#ifdef __STDC__
26# ifndef _PTR_T
27# define _PTR_T
28 typedef void * ptr_t;
29# endif
30#else
31# ifndef _PTR_T
32# define _PTR_T
33 typedef char * ptr_t;
34# endif
35#endif
36
37#ifdef PARAMS
38# undef PARAMS
39#endif
40#if PROTOTYPES
41# define PARAMS(x) x
42#else
43# define PARAMS(x) ()
44#endif
45
46/* Number of bits in an unsigned char. */
47#ifndef CHARBITS
48#define CHARBITS 8
49#endif
50
51/* First integer value that is greater than any character code. */
52#define NOTCHAR (1 << CHARBITS)
53
54/* INTBITS need not be exact, just a lower bound. */
55#ifndef INTBITS
56#define INTBITS (CHARBITS * sizeof (int))
57#endif
58
59/* Number of ints required to hold a bit for every character. */
60#define CHARCLASS_INTS ((NOTCHAR + INTBITS - 1) / INTBITS)
61
62/* Sets of unsigned characters are stored as bit vectors in arrays of ints. */
63typedef int charclass[CHARCLASS_INTS];
64
65/* The regexp is parsed into an array of tokens in postfix form. Some tokens
66 are operators and others are terminal symbols. Most (but not all) of these
67 codes are returned by the lexical analyzer. */
68
69typedef enum
70{
71 END = -1, /* END is a terminal symbol that matches the
72 end of input; any value of END or less in
73 the parse tree is such a symbol. Accepting
74 states of the DFA are those that would have
75 a transition on END. */
76
77 /* Ordinary character values are terminal symbols that match themselves. */
78
79 EMPTY = NOTCHAR, /* EMPTY is a terminal symbol that matches
80 the empty string. */
81
82 BACKREF, /* BACKREF is generated by \<digit>; it
83 it not completely handled. If the scanner
84 detects a transition on backref, it returns
85 a kind of "semi-success" indicating that
86 the match will have to be verified with
87 a backtracking matcher. */
88
89 BEGLINE, /* BEGLINE is a terminal symbol that matches
90 the empty string if it is at the beginning
91 of a line. */
92
93 ENDLINE, /* ENDLINE is a terminal symbol that matches
94 the empty string if it is at the end of
95 a line. */
96
97 BEGWORD, /* BEGWORD is a terminal symbol that matches
98 the empty string if it is at the beginning
99 of a word. */
100
101 ENDWORD, /* ENDWORD is a terminal symbol that matches
102 the empty string if it is at the end of
103 a word. */
104
105 LIMWORD, /* LIMWORD is a terminal symbol that matches
106 the empty string if it is at the beginning
107 or the end of a word. */
108
109 NOTLIMWORD, /* NOTLIMWORD is a terminal symbol that
110 matches the empty string if it is not at
111 the beginning or end of a word. */
112
113 QMARK, /* QMARK is an operator of one argument that
114 matches zero or one occurences of its
115 argument. */
116
117 STAR, /* STAR is an operator of one argument that
118 matches the Kleene closure (zero or more
119 occurrences) of its argument. */
120
121 PLUS, /* PLUS is an operator of one argument that
122 matches the positive closure (one or more
123 occurrences) of its argument. */
124
125 REPMN, /* REPMN is a lexical token corresponding
126 to the {m,n} construct. REPMN never
127 appears in the compiled token vector. */
128
129 CAT, /* CAT is an operator of two arguments that
130 matches the concatenation of its
131 arguments. CAT is never returned by the
132 lexical analyzer. */
133
134 OR, /* OR is an operator of two arguments that
135 matches either of its arguments. */
136
137 ORTOP, /* OR at the toplevel in the parse tree.
138 This is used for a boyer-moore heuristic. */
139
140 LPAREN, /* LPAREN never appears in the parse tree,
141 it is only a lexeme. */
142
143 RPAREN, /* RPAREN never appears in the parse tree. */
144
145 CRANGE, /* CRANGE never appears in the parse tree.
146 It stands for a character range that can
147 match a string of one or more characters.
148 For example, [a-z] can match "ch" in
149 a Spanish locale. */
150
151#ifdef MBS_SUPPORT
152 ANYCHAR, /* ANYCHAR is a terminal symbol that matches
153 any multibyte(or singlebyte) characters.
154 It is used only if MB_CUR_MAX > 1. */
155
156 MBCSET, /* MBCSET is similar to CSET, but for
157 multibyte characters. */
158#endif /* MBS_SUPPORT */
159
160 CSET /* CSET and (and any value greater) is a
161 terminal symbol that matches any of a
162 class of characters. */
163} token;
164
165/* Sets are stored in an array in the compiled dfa; the index of the
166 array corresponding to a given set token is given by SET_INDEX(t). */
167#define SET_INDEX(t) ((t) - CSET)
168
169/* Sometimes characters can only be matched depending on the surrounding
170 context. Such context decisions depend on what the previous character
171 was, and the value of the current (lookahead) character. Context
172 dependent constraints are encoded as 8 bit integers. Each bit that
173 is set indicates that the constraint succeeds in the corresponding
174 context.
175
176 bit 7 - previous and current are newlines
177 bit 6 - previous was newline, current isn't
178 bit 5 - previous wasn't newline, current is
179 bit 4 - neither previous nor current is a newline
180 bit 3 - previous and current are word-constituents
181 bit 2 - previous was word-constituent, current isn't
182 bit 1 - previous wasn't word-constituent, current is
183 bit 0 - neither previous nor current is word-constituent
184
185 Word-constituent characters are those that satisfy isalnum().
186
187 The macro SUCCEEDS_IN_CONTEXT determines whether a a given constraint
188 succeeds in a particular context. Prevn is true if the previous character
189 was a newline, currn is true if the lookahead character is a newline.
190 Prevl and currl similarly depend upon whether the previous and current
191 characters are word-constituent letters. */
192#define MATCHES_NEWLINE_CONTEXT(constraint, prevn, currn) \
193 ((constraint) & 1 << (((prevn) ? 2 : 0) + ((currn) ? 1 : 0) + 4))
194#define MATCHES_LETTER_CONTEXT(constraint, prevl, currl) \
195 ((constraint) & 1 << (((prevl) ? 2 : 0) + ((currl) ? 1 : 0)))
196#define SUCCEEDS_IN_CONTEXT(constraint, prevn, currn, prevl, currl) \
197 (MATCHES_NEWLINE_CONTEXT(constraint, prevn, currn) \
198 && MATCHES_LETTER_CONTEXT(constraint, prevl, currl))
199
200/* The following macros give information about what a constraint depends on. */
201#define PREV_NEWLINE_DEPENDENT(constraint) \
202 (((constraint) & 0xc0) >> 2 != ((constraint) & 0x30))
203#define PREV_LETTER_DEPENDENT(constraint) \
204 (((constraint) & 0x0c) >> 2 != ((constraint) & 0x03))
205
206/* Tokens that match the empty string subject to some constraint actually
207 work by applying that constraint to determine what may follow them,
208 taking into account what has gone before. The following values are
209 the constraints corresponding to the special tokens previously defined. */
210#define NO_CONSTRAINT 0xff
211#define BEGLINE_CONSTRAINT 0xcf
212#define ENDLINE_CONSTRAINT 0xaf
213#define BEGWORD_CONSTRAINT 0xf2
214#define ENDWORD_CONSTRAINT 0xf4
215#define LIMWORD_CONSTRAINT 0xf6
216#define NOTLIMWORD_CONSTRAINT 0xf9
217
218/* States of the recognizer correspond to sets of positions in the parse
219 tree, together with the constraints under which they may be matched.
220 So a position is encoded as an index into the parse tree together with
221 a constraint. */
222typedef struct
223{
224 unsigned index; /* Index into the parse array. */
225 unsigned constraint; /* Constraint for matching this position. */
226} position;
227
228/* Sets of positions are stored as arrays. */
229typedef struct
230{
231 position *elems; /* Elements of this position set. */
232 int nelem; /* Number of elements in this set. */
233} position_set;
234
235/* A state of the dfa consists of a set of positions, some flags,
236 and the token value of the lowest-numbered position of the state that
237 contains an END token. */
238typedef struct
239{
240 int hash; /* Hash of the positions of this state. */
241 position_set elems; /* Positions this state could match. */
242 char newline; /* True if previous state matched newline. */
243 char letter; /* True if previous state matched a letter. */
244 char backref; /* True if this state matches a \<digit>. */
245 unsigned char constraint; /* Constraint for this state to accept. */
246 int first_end; /* Token value of the first END in elems. */
247#ifdef MBS_SUPPORT
248 position_set mbps; /* Positions which can match multibyte
249 characters. e.g. period.
250 These staff are used only if
251 MB_CUR_MAX > 1. */
252#endif
253} dfa_state;
254
255/* Element of a list of strings, at least one of which is known to
256 appear in any R.E. matching the DFA. */
257struct dfamust
258{
259 int exact;
260 char *must;
261 struct dfamust *next;
262};
263
264#ifdef MBS_SUPPORT
265/* A bracket operator.
266 e.g. [a-c], [[:alpha:]], etc. */
267struct mb_char_classes
268{
269 int invert;
270 wchar_t *chars; /* Normal characters. */
271 int nchars;
272 wctype_t *ch_classes; /* Character classes. */
273 int nch_classes;
274 wchar_t *range_sts; /* Range characters (start of the range). */
275 wchar_t *range_ends; /* Range characters (end of the range). */
276 int nranges;
277 char **equivs; /* Equivalent classes. */
278 int nequivs;
279 char **coll_elems;
280 int ncoll_elems; /* Collating elements. */
281};
282#endif
283
284/* A compiled regular expression. */
285struct dfa
286{
287 /* Stuff built by the scanner. */
288 charclass *charclasses; /* Array of character sets for CSET tokens. */
289 int cindex; /* Index for adding new charclasses. */
290 int calloc; /* Number of charclasses currently allocated. */
291
292 /* Stuff built by the parser. */
293 token *tokens; /* Postfix parse array. */
294 int tindex; /* Index for adding new tokens. */
295 int talloc; /* Number of tokens currently allocated. */
296 int depth; /* Depth required of an evaluation stack
297 used for depth-first traversal of the
298 parse tree. */
299 int nleaves; /* Number of leaves on the parse tree. */
300 int nregexps; /* Count of parallel regexps being built
301 with dfaparse(). */
302#ifdef MBS_SUPPORT
303 /* These stuff are used only if MB_CUR_MAX > 1 or multibyte environments. */
304 int nmultibyte_prop;
305 int *multibyte_prop;
306 /* The value of multibyte_prop[i] is defined by following rule.
307 if tokens[i] < NOTCHAR
308 bit 1 : tokens[i] is a singlebyte character, or the last-byte of
309 a multibyte character.
310 bit 0 : tokens[i] is a singlebyte character, or the 1st-byte of
311 a multibyte character.
312 if tokens[i] = MBCSET
313 ("the index of mbcsets correspnd to this operator" << 2) + 3
314
315 e.g.
316 tokens
317 = 'single_byte_a', 'multi_byte_A', single_byte_b'
318 = 'sb_a', 'mb_A(1st byte)', 'mb_A(2nd byte)', 'mb_A(3rd byte)', 'sb_b'
319 multibyte_prop
320 = 3 , 1 , 0 , 2 , 3
321 */
322
323 /* Array of the bracket expressoin in the DFA. */
324 struct mb_char_classes *mbcsets;
325 int nmbcsets;
326 int mbcsets_alloc;
327#endif
328
329 /* Stuff owned by the state builder. */
330 dfa_state *states; /* States of the dfa. */
331 int sindex; /* Index for adding new states. */
332 int salloc; /* Number of states currently allocated. */
333
334 /* Stuff built by the structure analyzer. */
335 position_set *follows; /* Array of follow sets, indexed by position
336 index. The follow of a position is the set
337 of positions containing characters that
338 could conceivably follow a character
339 matching the given position in a string
340 matching the regexp. Allocated to the
341 maximum possible position index. */
342 int searchflag; /* True if we are supposed to build a searching
343 as opposed to an exact matcher. A searching
344 matcher finds the first and shortest string
345 matching a regexp anywhere in the buffer,
346 whereas an exact matcher finds the longest
347 string matching, but anchored to the
348 beginning of the buffer. */
349
350 /* Stuff owned by the executor. */
351 int tralloc; /* Number of transition tables that have
352 slots so far. */
353 int trcount; /* Number of transition tables that have
354 actually been built. */
355 int **trans; /* Transition tables for states that can
356 never accept. If the transitions for a
357 state have not yet been computed, or the
358 state could possibly accept, its entry in
359 this table is NULL. */
360 int **realtrans; /* Trans always points to realtrans + 1; this
361 is so trans[-1] can contain NULL. */
362 int **fails; /* Transition tables after failing to accept
363 on a state that potentially could do so. */
364 int *success; /* Table of acceptance conditions used in
365 dfaexec and computed in build_state. */
366 struct dfamust *musts; /* List of strings, at least one of which
367 is known to appear in any r.e. matching
368 the dfa. */
369};
370
371/* Some macros for user access to dfa internals. */
372
373/* ACCEPTING returns true if s could possibly be an accepting state of r. */
374#define ACCEPTING(s, r) ((r).states[s].constraint)
375
376/* ACCEPTS_IN_CONTEXT returns true if the given state accepts in the
377 specified context. */
378#define ACCEPTS_IN_CONTEXT(prevn, currn, prevl, currl, state, dfa) \
379 SUCCEEDS_IN_CONTEXT((dfa).states[state].constraint, \
380 prevn, currn, prevl, currl)
381
382/* FIRST_MATCHING_REGEXP returns the index number of the first of parallel
383 regexps that a given state could accept. Parallel regexps are numbered
384 starting at 1. */
385#define FIRST_MATCHING_REGEXP(state, dfa) (-(dfa).states[state].first_end)
386
387/* Entry points. */
388
389/* dfasyntax() takes three arguments; the first sets the syntax bits described
390 earlier in this file, the second sets the case-folding flag, and the
391 third specifies the line terminator. */
392extern void dfasyntax PARAMS ((reg_syntax_t, int, unsigned char));
393
394/* Compile the given string of the given length into the given struct dfa.
395 Final argument is a flag specifying whether to build a searching or an
396 exact matcher. */
397extern void dfacomp PARAMS ((char const *, size_t, struct dfa *, int));
398
399/* Execute the given struct dfa on the buffer of characters. The
400 last byte of the buffer must equal the end-of-line byte.
401 The final argument points to a flag that will
402 be set if further examination by a backtracking matcher is needed in
403 order to verify backreferencing; otherwise the flag will be cleared.
404 Returns (size_t) -1 if no match is found, or the offset of the first
405 character after the first & shortest matching string in the buffer. */
406extern size_t dfaexec PARAMS ((struct dfa *, char const *, size_t, int *));
407
408/* Free the storage held by the components of a struct dfa. */
409extern void dfafree PARAMS ((struct dfa *));
410
411/* Entry points for people who know what they're doing. */
412
413/* Initialize the components of a struct dfa. */
414extern void dfainit PARAMS ((struct dfa *));
415
416/* Incrementally parse a string of given length into a struct dfa. */
417extern void dfaparse PARAMS ((char const *, size_t, struct dfa *));
418
419/* Analyze a parsed regexp; second argument tells whether to build a searching
420 or an exact matcher. */
421extern void dfaanalyze PARAMS ((struct dfa *, int));
422
423/* Compute, for each possible character, the transitions out of a given
424 state, storing them in an array of integers. */
425extern void dfastate PARAMS ((int, struct dfa *, int []));
426
427/* Error handling. */
428
429/* dfaerror() is called by the regexp routines whenever an error occurs. It
430 takes a single argument, a NUL-terminated string describing the error.
431 The user must supply a dfaerror. */
432extern void dfaerror PARAMS ((const char *));
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