1 | # autoconf -- create `configure' using m4 macros
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2 | # Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 |
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4 | # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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5 | # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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6 | # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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7 | # any later version.
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8 |
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9 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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10 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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11 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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12 | # GNU General Public License for more details.
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13 |
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14 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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15 | # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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16 | # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
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17 | # 02110-1301, USA.
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18 |
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19 | # This file is basically Perl 5.6's Class::Struct, but made compatible
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20 | # with Perl 5.5. If someday this has to be updated, be sure to rename
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21 | # all the occurrences of Class::Struct into Automake::Struct, otherwise
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22 | # if we `use' a Perl module (e.g., File::stat) that uses Class::Struct,
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23 | # we would have two packages defining the same symbols. Boom.
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24 |
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25 | package Automake::Struct;
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26 |
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27 | ## See POD after __END__
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28 |
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29 | use 5.005_03;
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30 |
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31 | use strict;
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32 | use vars qw(@ISA @EXPORT $VERSION);
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33 |
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34 | use Carp;
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35 |
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36 | require Exporter;
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37 | @ISA = qw(Exporter);
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38 | @EXPORT = qw(struct);
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39 |
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40 | $VERSION = '0.58';
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41 |
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42 | ## Tested on 5.002 and 5.003 without class membership tests:
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43 | my $CHECK_CLASS_MEMBERSHIP = ($] >= 5.003_95);
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44 |
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45 | my $print = 0;
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46 | sub printem {
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47 | if (@_) { $print = shift }
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48 | else { $print++ }
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49 | }
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50 |
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51 | {
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52 | package Automake::Struct::Tie_ISA;
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53 |
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54 | sub TIEARRAY {
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55 | my $class = shift;
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56 | return bless [], $class;
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57 | }
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58 |
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59 | sub STORE {
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60 | my ($self, $index, $value) = @_;
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61 | Automake::Struct::_subclass_error();
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62 | }
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63 |
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64 | sub FETCH {
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65 | my ($self, $index) = @_;
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66 | $self->[$index];
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67 | }
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68 |
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69 | sub FETCHSIZE {
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70 | my $self = shift;
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71 | return scalar(@$self);
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72 | }
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73 |
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74 | sub DESTROY { }
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75 | }
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76 |
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77 | sub struct {
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78 |
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79 | # Determine parameter list structure, one of:
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80 | # struct( class => [ element-list ])
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81 | # struct( class => { element-list })
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82 | # struct( element-list )
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83 | # Latter form assumes current package name as struct name.
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84 |
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85 | my ($class, @decls);
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86 | my $base_type = ref $_[1];
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87 | if ( $base_type eq 'HASH' ) {
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88 | $class = shift;
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89 | @decls = %{shift()};
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90 | _usage_error() if @_;
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91 | }
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92 | elsif ( $base_type eq 'ARRAY' ) {
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93 | $class = shift;
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94 | @decls = @{shift()};
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95 | _usage_error() if @_;
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96 | }
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97 | else {
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98 | $base_type = 'ARRAY';
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99 | $class = (caller())[0];
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100 | @decls = @_;
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101 | }
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102 | _usage_error() if @decls % 2 == 1;
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103 |
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104 | # Ensure we are not, and will not be, a subclass.
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105 |
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106 | my $isa = do {
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107 | no strict 'refs';
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108 | \@{$class . '::ISA'};
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109 | };
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110 | _subclass_error() if @$isa;
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111 | tie @$isa, 'Automake::Struct::Tie_ISA';
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112 |
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113 | # Create constructor.
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114 |
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115 | croak "function 'new' already defined in package $class"
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116 | if do { no strict 'refs'; defined &{$class . "::new"} };
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117 |
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118 | my @methods = ();
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119 | my %refs = ();
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120 | my %arrays = ();
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121 | my %hashes = ();
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122 | my %classes = ();
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123 | my $got_class = 0;
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124 | my $out = '';
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125 |
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126 | $out = "{\n package $class;\n use Carp;\n sub new {\n";
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127 | $out .= " my (\$class, \%init) = \@_;\n";
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128 | $out .= " \$class = __PACKAGE__ unless \@_;\n";
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129 |
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130 | my $cnt = 0;
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131 | my $idx = 0;
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132 | my( $cmt, $name, $type, $elem );
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133 |
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134 | if( $base_type eq 'HASH' ){
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135 | $out .= " my(\$r) = {};\n";
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136 | $cmt = '';
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137 | }
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138 | elsif( $base_type eq 'ARRAY' ){
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139 | $out .= " my(\$r) = [];\n";
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140 | }
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141 | while( $idx < @decls ){
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142 | $name = $decls[$idx];
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143 | $type = $decls[$idx+1];
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144 | push( @methods, $name );
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145 | if( $base_type eq 'HASH' ){
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146 | $elem = "{'${class}::$name'}";
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147 | }
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148 | elsif( $base_type eq 'ARRAY' ){
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149 | $elem = "[$cnt]";
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150 | ++$cnt;
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151 | $cmt = " # $name";
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152 | }
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153 | if( $type =~ /^\*(.)/ ){
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154 | $refs{$name}++;
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155 | $type = $1;
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156 | }
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157 | my $init = "defined(\$init{'$name'}) ? \$init{'$name'} :";
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158 | if( $type eq '@' ){
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159 | $out .= " croak 'Initializer for $name must be array reference'\n";
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160 | $out .= " if defined(\$init{'$name'}) && ref(\$init{'$name'}) ne 'ARRAY';\n";
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161 | $out .= " \$r->$elem = $init [];$cmt\n";
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162 | $arrays{$name}++;
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163 | }
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164 | elsif( $type eq '%' ){
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165 | $out .= " croak 'Initializer for $name must be hash reference'\n";
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166 | $out .= " if defined(\$init{'$name'}) && ref(\$init{'$name'}) ne 'HASH';\n";
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167 | $out .= " \$r->$elem = $init {};$cmt\n";
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168 | $hashes{$name}++;
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169 | }
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170 | elsif ( $type eq '$') {
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171 | $out .= " \$r->$elem = $init undef;$cmt\n";
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172 | }
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173 | elsif( $type =~ /^\w+(?:::\w+)*$/ ){
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174 | $init = "defined(\$init{'$name'}) ? \%{\$init{'$name'}} : ()";
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175 | $out .= " croak 'Initializer for $name must be hash reference'\n";
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176 | $out .= " if defined(\$init{'$name'}) && ref(\$init{'$name'}) ne 'HASH';\n";
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177 | $out .= " \$r->$elem = '${type}'->new($init);$cmt\n";
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178 | $classes{$name} = $type;
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179 | $got_class = 1;
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180 | }
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181 | else{
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182 | croak "'$type' is not a valid struct element type";
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183 | }
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184 | $idx += 2;
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185 | }
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186 | $out .= " bless \$r, \$class;\n }\n";
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187 |
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188 | # Create accessor methods.
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189 |
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190 | my( $pre, $pst, $sel );
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191 | $cnt = 0;
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192 | foreach $name (@methods){
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193 | if ( do { no strict 'refs'; defined &{$class . "::$name"} } ) {
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194 | carp "function '$name' already defined, overrides struct accessor method";
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195 | }
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196 | else {
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197 | $pre = $pst = $cmt = $sel = '';
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198 | if( defined $refs{$name} ){
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199 | $pre = "\\(";
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200 | $pst = ")";
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201 | $cmt = " # returns ref";
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202 | }
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203 | $out .= " sub $name {$cmt\n my \$r = shift;\n";
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204 | if( $base_type eq 'ARRAY' ){
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205 | $elem = "[$cnt]";
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206 | ++$cnt;
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207 | }
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208 | elsif( $base_type eq 'HASH' ){
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209 | $elem = "{'${class}::$name'}";
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210 | }
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211 | if( defined $arrays{$name} ){
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212 | $out .= " my \$i;\n";
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213 | $out .= " \@_ ? (\$i = shift) : return \$r->$elem;\n";
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214 | $sel = "->[\$i]";
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215 | }
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216 | elsif( defined $hashes{$name} ){
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217 | $out .= " my \$i;\n";
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218 | $out .= " \@_ ? (\$i = shift) : return \$r->$elem;\n";
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219 | $sel = "->{\$i}";
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220 | }
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221 | elsif( defined $classes{$name} ){
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222 | if ( $CHECK_CLASS_MEMBERSHIP ) {
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223 | $out .= " croak '$name argument is wrong class' if \@_ && ! UNIVERSAL::isa(\$_[0], '$classes{$name}');\n";
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224 | }
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225 | }
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226 | $out .= " croak 'Too many args to $name' if \@_ > 1;\n";
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227 | $out .= " \@_ ? ($pre\$r->$elem$sel = shift$pst) : $pre\$r->$elem$sel$pst;\n";
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228 | $out .= " }\n";
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229 | }
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230 | }
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231 | $out .= "}\n1;\n";
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232 |
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233 | print $out if $print;
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234 | my $result = eval $out;
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235 | carp $@ if $@;
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236 | }
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237 |
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238 | sub _usage_error {
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239 | confess "struct usage error";
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240 | }
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241 |
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242 | sub _subclass_error {
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243 | croak 'struct class cannot be a subclass (@ISA not allowed)';
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244 | }
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245 |
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246 | 1; # for require
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247 |
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248 |
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249 | __END__
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250 |
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251 | =head1 NAME
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252 |
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253 | Automake::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
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254 |
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255 | =head1 SYNOPSIS
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256 |
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257 | use Automake::Struct;
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258 | # declare struct, based on array:
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259 | struct( CLASS_NAME => [ ELEMENT_NAME => ELEMENT_TYPE, ... ]);
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260 | # declare struct, based on hash:
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261 | struct( CLASS_NAME => { ELEMENT_NAME => ELEMENT_TYPE, ... });
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262 |
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263 | package CLASS_NAME;
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264 | use Automake::Struct;
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265 | # declare struct, based on array, implicit class name:
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266 | struct( ELEMENT_NAME => ELEMENT_TYPE, ... );
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267 |
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268 |
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269 | package Myobj;
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270 | use Automake::Struct;
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271 | # declare struct with four types of elements:
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272 | struct( s => '$', a => '@', h => '%', c => 'My_Other_Class' );
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273 |
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274 | $obj = new Myobj; # constructor
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275 |
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276 | # scalar type accessor:
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277 | $element_value = $obj->s; # element value
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278 | $obj->s('new value'); # assign to element
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279 |
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280 | # array type accessor:
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281 | $ary_ref = $obj->a; # reference to whole array
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282 | $ary_element_value = $obj->a(2); # array element value
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283 | $obj->a(2, 'new value'); # assign to array element
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284 |
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285 | # hash type accessor:
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286 | $hash_ref = $obj->h; # reference to whole hash
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287 | $hash_element_value = $obj->h('x'); # hash element value
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288 | $obj->h('x', 'new value'); # assign to hash element
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289 |
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290 | # class type accessor:
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291 | $element_value = $obj->c; # object reference
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292 | $obj->c->method(...); # call method of object
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293 | $obj->c(new My_Other_Class); # assign a new object
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294 |
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295 |
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296 | =head1 DESCRIPTION
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297 |
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298 | C<Automake::Struct> exports a single function, C<struct>.
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299 | Given a list of element names and types, and optionally
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300 | a class name, C<struct> creates a Perl 5 class that implements
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301 | a "struct-like" data structure.
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302 |
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303 | The new class is given a constructor method, C<new>, for creating
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304 | struct objects.
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305 |
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306 | Each element in the struct data has an accessor method, which is
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307 | used to assign to the element and to fetch its value. The
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308 | default accessor can be overridden by declaring a C<sub> of the
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309 | same name in the package. (See Example 2.)
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310 |
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311 | Each element's type can be scalar, array, hash, or class.
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312 |
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313 |
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314 | =head2 The C<struct()> function
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315 |
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316 | The C<struct> function has three forms of parameter-list.
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317 |
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318 | struct( CLASS_NAME => [ ELEMENT_LIST ]);
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319 | struct( CLASS_NAME => { ELEMENT_LIST });
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320 | struct( ELEMENT_LIST );
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321 |
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322 | The first and second forms explicitly identify the name of the
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323 | class being created. The third form assumes the current package
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324 | name as the class name.
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325 |
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326 | An object of a class created by the first and third forms is
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327 | based on an array, whereas an object of a class created by the
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328 | second form is based on a hash. The array-based forms will be
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329 | somewhat faster and smaller; the hash-based forms are more
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330 | flexible.
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331 |
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332 | The class created by C<struct> must not be a subclass of another
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333 | class other than C<UNIVERSAL>.
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334 |
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335 | It can, however, be used as a superclass for other classes. To facilitate
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336 | this, the generated constructor method uses a two-argument blessing.
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337 | Furthermore, if the class is hash-based, the key of each element is
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338 | prefixed with the class name (see I<Perl Cookbook>, Recipe 13.12).
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339 |
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340 | A function named C<new> must not be explicitly defined in a class
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341 | created by C<struct>.
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342 |
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343 | The I<ELEMENT_LIST> has the form
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344 |
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345 | NAME => TYPE, ...
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346 |
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347 | Each name-type pair declares one element of the struct. Each
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348 | element name will be defined as an accessor method unless a
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349 | method by that name is explicitly defined; in the latter case, a
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350 | warning is issued if the warning flag (B<-w>) is set.
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351 |
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352 |
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353 | =head2 Element Types and Accessor Methods
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354 |
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355 | The four element types -- scalar, array, hash, and class -- are
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356 | represented by strings -- C<'$'>, C<'@'>, C<'%'>, and a class name --
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357 | optionally preceded by a C<'*'>.
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358 |
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359 | The accessor method provided by C<struct> for an element depends
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360 | on the declared type of the element.
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361 |
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362 | =over
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363 |
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364 | =item Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>)
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365 |
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366 | The element is a scalar, and by default is initialized to C<undef>
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367 | (but see L<Initializing with new>).
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368 |
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369 | The accessor's argument, if any, is assigned to the element.
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370 |
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371 | If the element type is C<'$'>, the value of the element (after
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372 | assignment) is returned. If the element type is C<'*$'>, a reference
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373 | to the element is returned.
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374 |
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375 | =item Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>)
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376 |
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377 | The element is an array, initialized by default to C<()>.
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378 |
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379 | With no argument, the accessor returns a reference to the
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380 | element's whole array (whether or not the element was
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381 | specified as C<'@'> or C<'*@'>).
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382 |
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383 | With one or two arguments, the first argument is an index
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384 | specifying one element of the array; the second argument, if
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385 | present, is assigned to the array element. If the element type
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386 | is C<'@'>, the accessor returns the array element value. If the
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387 | element type is C<'*@'>, a reference to the array element is
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388 | returned.
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389 |
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390 | =item Hash (C<'%'> or C<'*%'>)
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391 |
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392 | The element is a hash, initialized by default to C<()>.
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393 |
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394 | With no argument, the accessor returns a reference to the
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395 | element's whole hash (whether or not the element was
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396 | specified as C<'%'> or C<'*%'>).
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397 |
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398 | With one or two arguments, the first argument is a key specifying
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399 | one element of the hash; the second argument, if present, is
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400 | assigned to the hash element. If the element type is C<'%'>, the
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401 | accessor returns the hash element value. If the element type is
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402 | C<'*%'>, a reference to the hash element is returned.
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403 |
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404 | =item Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
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405 |
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406 | The element's value must be a reference blessed to the named
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407 | class or to one of its subclasses. The element is initialized to
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408 | the result of calling the C<new> constructor of the named class.
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409 |
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410 | The accessor's argument, if any, is assigned to the element. The
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411 | accessor will C<croak> if this is not an appropriate object
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412 | reference.
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413 |
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414 | If the element type does not start with a C<'*'>, the accessor
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415 | returns the element value (after assignment). If the element type
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416 | starts with a C<'*'>, a reference to the element itself is returned.
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417 |
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418 | =back
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419 |
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420 | =head2 Initializing with C<new>
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421 |
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422 | C<struct> always creates a constructor called C<new>. That constructor
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423 | may take a list of initializers for the various elements of the new
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424 | struct.
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425 |
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426 | Each initializer is a pair of values: I<element name>C< =E<gt> >I<value>.
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427 | The initializer value for a scalar element is just a scalar value. The
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428 | initializer for an array element is an array reference. The initializer
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429 | for a hash is a hash reference.
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430 |
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431 | The initializer for a class element is also a hash reference, and the
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432 | contents of that hash are passed to the element's own constructor.
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433 |
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434 | See Example 3 below for an example of initialization.
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435 |
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436 |
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437 | =head1 EXAMPLES
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438 |
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439 | =over
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440 |
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441 | =item Example 1
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442 |
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443 | Giving a struct element a class type that is also a struct is how
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444 | structs are nested. Here, C<timeval> represents a time (seconds and
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445 | microseconds), and C<rusage> has two elements, each of which is of
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446 | type C<timeval>.
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447 |
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448 | use Automake::Struct;
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449 |
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450 | struct( rusage => {
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451 | ru_utime => timeval, # seconds
|
---|
452 | ru_stime => timeval, # microseconds
|
---|
453 | });
|
---|
454 |
|
---|
455 | struct( timeval => [
|
---|
456 | tv_secs => '$',
|
---|
457 | tv_usecs => '$',
|
---|
458 | ]);
|
---|
459 |
|
---|
460 | # create an object:
|
---|
461 | my $t = new rusage;
|
---|
462 |
|
---|
463 | # $t->ru_utime and $t->ru_stime are objects of type timeval.
|
---|
464 | # set $t->ru_utime to 100.0 sec and $t->ru_stime to 5.0 sec.
|
---|
465 | $t->ru_utime->tv_secs(100);
|
---|
466 | $t->ru_utime->tv_usecs(0);
|
---|
467 | $t->ru_stime->tv_secs(5);
|
---|
468 | $t->ru_stime->tv_usecs(0);
|
---|
469 |
|
---|
470 |
|
---|
471 | =item Example 2
|
---|
472 |
|
---|
473 | An accessor function can be redefined in order to provide
|
---|
474 | additional checking of values, etc. Here, we want the C<count>
|
---|
475 | element always to be nonnegative, so we redefine the C<count>
|
---|
476 | accessor accordingly.
|
---|
477 |
|
---|
478 | package MyObj;
|
---|
479 | use Automake::Struct;
|
---|
480 |
|
---|
481 | # declare the struct
|
---|
482 | struct ( 'MyObj', { count => '$', stuff => '%' } );
|
---|
483 |
|
---|
484 | # override the default accessor method for 'count'
|
---|
485 | sub count {
|
---|
486 | my $self = shift;
|
---|
487 | if ( @_ ) {
|
---|
488 | die 'count must be nonnegative' if $_[0] < 0;
|
---|
489 | $self->{'count'} = shift;
|
---|
490 | warn "Too many args to count" if @_;
|
---|
491 | }
|
---|
492 | return $self->{'count'};
|
---|
493 | }
|
---|
494 |
|
---|
495 | package main;
|
---|
496 | $x = new MyObj;
|
---|
497 | print "\$x->count(5) = ", $x->count(5), "\n";
|
---|
498 | # prints '$x->count(5) = 5'
|
---|
499 |
|
---|
500 | print "\$x->count = ", $x->count, "\n";
|
---|
501 | # prints '$x->count = 5'
|
---|
502 |
|
---|
503 | print "\$x->count(-5) = ", $x->count(-5), "\n";
|
---|
504 | # dies due to negative argument!
|
---|
505 |
|
---|
506 | =item Example 3
|
---|
507 |
|
---|
508 | The constructor of a generated class can be passed a list
|
---|
509 | of I<element>=>I<value> pairs, with which to initialize the struct.
|
---|
510 | If no initializer is specified for a particular element, its default
|
---|
511 | initialization is performed instead. Initializers for non-existent
|
---|
512 | elements are silently ignored.
|
---|
513 |
|
---|
514 | Note that the initializer for a nested struct is specified
|
---|
515 | as an anonymous hash of initializers, which is passed on to the nested
|
---|
516 | struct's constructor.
|
---|
517 |
|
---|
518 |
|
---|
519 | use Automake::Struct;
|
---|
520 |
|
---|
521 | struct Breed =>
|
---|
522 | {
|
---|
523 | name => '$',
|
---|
524 | cross => '$',
|
---|
525 | };
|
---|
526 |
|
---|
527 | struct Cat =>
|
---|
528 | [
|
---|
529 | name => '$',
|
---|
530 | kittens => '@',
|
---|
531 | markings => '%',
|
---|
532 | breed => 'Breed',
|
---|
533 | ];
|
---|
534 |
|
---|
535 |
|
---|
536 | my $cat = Cat->new( name => 'Socks',
|
---|
537 | kittens => ['Monica', 'Kenneth'],
|
---|
538 | markings => { socks=>1, blaze=>"white" },
|
---|
539 | breed => { name=>'short-hair', cross=>1 },
|
---|
540 | );
|
---|
541 |
|
---|
542 | print "Once a cat called ", $cat->name, "\n";
|
---|
543 | print "(which was a ", $cat->breed->name, ")\n";
|
---|
544 | print "had two kittens: ", join(' and ', @{$cat->kittens}), "\n";
|
---|
545 |
|
---|
546 | =back
|
---|
547 |
|
---|
548 | =head1 Author and Modification History
|
---|
549 |
|
---|
550 | Modified by Akim Demaille, 2001-08-03
|
---|
551 |
|
---|
552 | Rename as Automake::Struct to avoid name clashes with
|
---|
553 | Class::Struct.
|
---|
554 |
|
---|
555 | Make it compatible with Perl 5.5.
|
---|
556 |
|
---|
557 | Modified by Damian Conway, 1999-03-05, v0.58.
|
---|
558 |
|
---|
559 | Added handling of hash-like arg list to class ctor.
|
---|
560 |
|
---|
561 | Changed to two-argument blessing in ctor to support
|
---|
562 | derivation from created classes.
|
---|
563 |
|
---|
564 | Added classname prefixes to keys in hash-based classes
|
---|
565 | (refer to "Perl Cookbook", Recipe 13.12 for rationale).
|
---|
566 |
|
---|
567 | Corrected behavior of accessors for '*@' and '*%' struct
|
---|
568 | elements. Package now implements documented behavior when
|
---|
569 | returning a reference to an entire hash or array element.
|
---|
570 | Previously these were returned as a reference to a reference
|
---|
571 | to the element.
|
---|
572 |
|
---|
573 |
|
---|
574 | Renamed to C<Class::Struct> and modified by Jim Miner, 1997-04-02.
|
---|
575 |
|
---|
576 | members() function removed.
|
---|
577 | Documentation corrected and extended.
|
---|
578 | Use of struct() in a subclass prohibited.
|
---|
579 | User definition of accessor allowed.
|
---|
580 | Treatment of '*' in element types corrected.
|
---|
581 | Treatment of classes as element types corrected.
|
---|
582 | Class name to struct() made optional.
|
---|
583 | Diagnostic checks added.
|
---|
584 |
|
---|
585 |
|
---|
586 | Originally C<Class::Template> by Dean Roehrich.
|
---|
587 |
|
---|
588 | # Template.pm --- struct/member template builder
|
---|
589 | # 12mar95
|
---|
590 | # Dean Roehrich
|
---|
591 | #
|
---|
592 | # changes/bugs fixed since 28nov94 version:
|
---|
593 | # - podified
|
---|
594 | # changes/bugs fixed since 21nov94 version:
|
---|
595 | # - Fixed examples.
|
---|
596 | # changes/bugs fixed since 02sep94 version:
|
---|
597 | # - Moved to Class::Template.
|
---|
598 | # changes/bugs fixed since 20feb94 version:
|
---|
599 | # - Updated to be a more proper module.
|
---|
600 | # - Added "use strict".
|
---|
601 | # - Bug in build_methods, was using @var when @$var needed.
|
---|
602 | # - Now using my() rather than local().
|
---|
603 | #
|
---|
604 | # Uses perl5 classes to create nested data types.
|
---|
605 | # This is offered as one implementation of Tom Christiansen's "structs.pl"
|
---|
606 | # idea.
|
---|
607 |
|
---|
608 | =cut
|
---|
609 |
|
---|
610 | ### Setup "GNU" style for perl-mode and cperl-mode.
|
---|
611 | ## Local Variables:
|
---|
612 | ## perl-indent-level: 2
|
---|
613 | ## perl-continued-statement-offset: 2
|
---|
614 | ## perl-continued-brace-offset: 0
|
---|
615 | ## perl-brace-offset: 0
|
---|
616 | ## perl-brace-imaginary-offset: 0
|
---|
617 | ## perl-label-offset: -2
|
---|
618 | ## cperl-indent-level: 2
|
---|
619 | ## cperl-brace-offset: 0
|
---|
620 | ## cperl-continued-brace-offset: 0
|
---|
621 | ## cperl-label-offset: -2
|
---|
622 | ## cperl-extra-newline-before-brace: t
|
---|
623 | ## cperl-merge-trailing-else: nil
|
---|
624 | ## cperl-continued-statement-offset: 2
|
---|
625 | ## End:
|
---|