1 | """Restricted execution facilities.
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2 |
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3 | The class RExec exports methods r_exec(), r_eval(), r_execfile(), and
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4 | r_import(), which correspond roughly to the built-in operations
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5 | exec, eval(), execfile() and import, but executing the code in an
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6 | environment that only exposes those built-in operations that are
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7 | deemed safe. To this end, a modest collection of 'fake' modules is
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8 | created which mimics the standard modules by the same names. It is a
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9 | policy decision which built-in modules and operations are made
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10 | available; this module provides a reasonable default, but derived
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11 | classes can change the policies e.g. by overriding or extending class
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12 | variables like ok_builtin_modules or methods like make_sys().
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13 |
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14 | XXX To do:
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15 | - r_open should allow writing tmp dir
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16 | - r_exec etc. with explicit globals/locals? (Use rexec("exec ... in ...")?)
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17 |
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18 | """
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19 |
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20 |
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21 | import sys
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22 | import __builtin__
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23 | import os
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24 | import ihooks
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25 | import imp
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26 |
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27 | __all__ = ["RExec"]
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28 |
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29 | class FileBase:
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30 |
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31 | ok_file_methods = ('fileno', 'flush', 'isatty', 'read', 'readline',
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32 | 'readlines', 'seek', 'tell', 'write', 'writelines', 'xreadlines',
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33 | '__iter__')
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34 |
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35 |
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36 | class FileWrapper(FileBase):
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37 |
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38 | # XXX This is just like a Bastion -- should use that!
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39 |
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40 | def __init__(self, f):
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41 | for m in self.ok_file_methods:
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42 | if not hasattr(self, m) and hasattr(f, m):
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43 | setattr(self, m, getattr(f, m))
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44 |
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45 | def close(self):
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46 | self.flush()
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47 |
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48 |
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49 | TEMPLATE = """
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50 | def %s(self, *args):
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51 | return getattr(self.mod, self.name).%s(*args)
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52 | """
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53 |
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54 | class FileDelegate(FileBase):
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55 |
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56 | def __init__(self, mod, name):
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57 | self.mod = mod
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58 | self.name = name
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59 |
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60 | for m in FileBase.ok_file_methods + ('close',):
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61 | exec TEMPLATE % (m, m)
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62 |
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63 |
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64 | class RHooks(ihooks.Hooks):
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65 |
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66 | def __init__(self, *args):
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67 | # Hacks to support both old and new interfaces:
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68 | # old interface was RHooks(rexec[, verbose])
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69 | # new interface is RHooks([verbose])
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70 | verbose = 0
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71 | rexec = None
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72 | if args and type(args[-1]) == type(0):
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73 | verbose = args[-1]
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74 | args = args[:-1]
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75 | if args and hasattr(args[0], '__class__'):
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76 | rexec = args[0]
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77 | args = args[1:]
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78 | if args:
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79 | raise TypeError, "too many arguments"
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80 | ihooks.Hooks.__init__(self, verbose)
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81 | self.rexec = rexec
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82 |
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83 | def set_rexec(self, rexec):
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84 | # Called by RExec instance to complete initialization
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85 | self.rexec = rexec
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86 |
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87 | def get_suffixes(self):
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88 | return self.rexec.get_suffixes()
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89 |
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90 | def is_builtin(self, name):
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91 | return self.rexec.is_builtin(name)
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92 |
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93 | def init_builtin(self, name):
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94 | m = __import__(name)
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95 | return self.rexec.copy_except(m, ())
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96 |
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97 | def init_frozen(self, name): raise SystemError, "don't use this"
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98 | def load_source(self, *args): raise SystemError, "don't use this"
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99 | def load_compiled(self, *args): raise SystemError, "don't use this"
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100 | def load_package(self, *args): raise SystemError, "don't use this"
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101 |
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102 | def load_dynamic(self, name, filename, file):
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103 | return self.rexec.load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
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104 |
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105 | def add_module(self, name):
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106 | return self.rexec.add_module(name)
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107 |
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108 | def modules_dict(self):
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109 | return self.rexec.modules
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110 |
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111 | def default_path(self):
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112 | return self.rexec.modules['sys'].path
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113 |
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114 |
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115 | # XXX Backwards compatibility
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116 | RModuleLoader = ihooks.FancyModuleLoader
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117 | RModuleImporter = ihooks.ModuleImporter
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118 |
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119 |
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120 | class RExec(ihooks._Verbose):
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121 | """Basic restricted execution framework.
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122 |
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123 | Code executed in this restricted environment will only have access to
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124 | modules and functions that are deemed safe; you can subclass RExec to
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125 | add or remove capabilities as desired.
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126 |
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127 | The RExec class can prevent code from performing unsafe operations like
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128 | reading or writing disk files, or using TCP/IP sockets. However, it does
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129 | not protect against code using extremely large amounts of memory or
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130 | processor time.
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131 |
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132 | """
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133 |
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134 | ok_path = tuple(sys.path) # That's a policy decision
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135 |
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136 | ok_builtin_modules = ('audioop', 'array', 'binascii',
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137 | 'cmath', 'errno', 'imageop',
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138 | 'marshal', 'math', 'md5', 'operator',
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139 | 'parser', 'select',
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140 | 'sha', '_sre', 'strop', 'struct', 'time',
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141 | '_weakref')
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142 |
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143 | ok_posix_names = ('error', 'fstat', 'listdir', 'lstat', 'readlink',
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144 | 'stat', 'times', 'uname', 'getpid', 'getppid',
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145 | 'getcwd', 'getuid', 'getgid', 'geteuid', 'getegid')
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146 |
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147 | ok_sys_names = ('byteorder', 'copyright', 'exit', 'getdefaultencoding',
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148 | 'getrefcount', 'hexversion', 'maxint', 'maxunicode',
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149 | 'platform', 'ps1', 'ps2', 'version', 'version_info')
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150 |
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151 | nok_builtin_names = ('open', 'file', 'reload', '__import__')
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152 |
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153 | ok_file_types = (imp.C_EXTENSION, imp.PY_SOURCE)
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154 |
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155 | def __init__(self, hooks = None, verbose = 0):
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156 | """Returns an instance of the RExec class.
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157 |
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158 | The hooks parameter is an instance of the RHooks class or a subclass
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159 | of it. If it is omitted or None, the default RHooks class is
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160 | instantiated.
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161 |
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162 | Whenever the RExec module searches for a module (even a built-in one)
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163 | or reads a module's code, it doesn't actually go out to the file
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164 | system itself. Rather, it calls methods of an RHooks instance that
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165 | was passed to or created by its constructor. (Actually, the RExec
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166 | object doesn't make these calls --- they are made by a module loader
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167 | object that's part of the RExec object. This allows another level of
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168 | flexibility, which can be useful when changing the mechanics of
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169 | import within the restricted environment.)
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170 |
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171 | By providing an alternate RHooks object, we can control the file
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172 | system accesses made to import a module, without changing the
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173 | actual algorithm that controls the order in which those accesses are
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174 | made. For instance, we could substitute an RHooks object that
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175 | passes all filesystem requests to a file server elsewhere, via some
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176 | RPC mechanism such as ILU. Grail's applet loader uses this to support
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177 | importing applets from a URL for a directory.
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178 |
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179 | If the verbose parameter is true, additional debugging output may be
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180 | sent to standard output.
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181 |
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182 | """
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183 |
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184 | raise RuntimeError, "This code is not secure in Python 2.2 and 2.3"
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185 |
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186 | ihooks._Verbose.__init__(self, verbose)
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187 | # XXX There's a circular reference here:
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188 | self.hooks = hooks or RHooks(verbose)
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189 | self.hooks.set_rexec(self)
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190 | self.modules = {}
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191 | self.ok_dynamic_modules = self.ok_builtin_modules
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192 | list = []
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193 | for mname in self.ok_builtin_modules:
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194 | if mname in sys.builtin_module_names:
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195 | list.append(mname)
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196 | self.ok_builtin_modules = tuple(list)
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197 | self.set_trusted_path()
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198 | self.make_builtin()
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199 | self.make_initial_modules()
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200 | # make_sys must be last because it adds the already created
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201 | # modules to its builtin_module_names
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202 | self.make_sys()
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203 | self.loader = RModuleLoader(self.hooks, verbose)
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204 | self.importer = RModuleImporter(self.loader, verbose)
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205 |
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206 | def set_trusted_path(self):
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207 | # Set the path from which dynamic modules may be loaded.
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208 | # Those dynamic modules must also occur in ok_builtin_modules
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209 | self.trusted_path = filter(os.path.isabs, sys.path)
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210 |
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211 | def load_dynamic(self, name, filename, file):
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212 | if name not in self.ok_dynamic_modules:
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213 | raise ImportError, "untrusted dynamic module: %s" % name
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214 | if name in sys.modules:
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215 | src = sys.modules[name]
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216 | else:
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217 | src = imp.load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
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218 | dst = self.copy_except(src, [])
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219 | return dst
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220 |
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221 | def make_initial_modules(self):
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222 | self.make_main()
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223 | self.make_osname()
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224 |
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225 | # Helpers for RHooks
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226 |
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227 | def get_suffixes(self):
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228 | return [item # (suff, mode, type)
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229 | for item in imp.get_suffixes()
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230 | if item[2] in self.ok_file_types]
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231 |
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232 | def is_builtin(self, mname):
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233 | return mname in self.ok_builtin_modules
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234 |
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235 | # The make_* methods create specific built-in modules
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236 |
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237 | def make_builtin(self):
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238 | m = self.copy_except(__builtin__, self.nok_builtin_names)
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239 | m.__import__ = self.r_import
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240 | m.reload = self.r_reload
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241 | m.open = m.file = self.r_open
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242 |
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243 | def make_main(self):
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244 | m = self.add_module('__main__')
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245 |
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246 | def make_osname(self):
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247 | osname = os.name
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248 | src = __import__(osname)
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249 | dst = self.copy_only(src, self.ok_posix_names)
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250 | dst.environ = e = {}
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251 | for key, value in os.environ.items():
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252 | e[key] = value
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253 |
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254 | def make_sys(self):
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255 | m = self.copy_only(sys, self.ok_sys_names)
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256 | m.modules = self.modules
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257 | m.argv = ['RESTRICTED']
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258 | m.path = map(None, self.ok_path)
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259 | m.exc_info = self.r_exc_info
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260 | m = self.modules['sys']
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261 | l = self.modules.keys() + list(self.ok_builtin_modules)
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262 | l.sort()
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263 | m.builtin_module_names = tuple(l)
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264 |
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265 | # The copy_* methods copy existing modules with some changes
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266 |
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267 | def copy_except(self, src, exceptions):
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268 | dst = self.copy_none(src)
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269 | for name in dir(src):
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270 | setattr(dst, name, getattr(src, name))
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271 | for name in exceptions:
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272 | try:
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273 | delattr(dst, name)
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274 | except AttributeError:
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275 | pass
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276 | return dst
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277 |
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278 | def copy_only(self, src, names):
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279 | dst = self.copy_none(src)
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280 | for name in names:
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281 | try:
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282 | value = getattr(src, name)
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283 | except AttributeError:
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284 | continue
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285 | setattr(dst, name, value)
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286 | return dst
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287 |
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288 | def copy_none(self, src):
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289 | m = self.add_module(src.__name__)
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290 | m.__doc__ = src.__doc__
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291 | return m
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292 |
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293 | # Add a module -- return an existing module or create one
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294 |
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295 | def add_module(self, mname):
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296 | m = self.modules.get(mname)
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297 | if m is None:
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298 | self.modules[mname] = m = self.hooks.new_module(mname)
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299 | m.__builtins__ = self.modules['__builtin__']
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300 | return m
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301 |
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302 | # The r* methods are public interfaces
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303 |
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304 | def r_exec(self, code):
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305 | """Execute code within a restricted environment.
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306 |
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307 | The code parameter must either be a string containing one or more
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308 | lines of Python code, or a compiled code object, which will be
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309 | executed in the restricted environment's __main__ module.
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310 |
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311 | """
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312 | m = self.add_module('__main__')
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313 | exec code in m.__dict__
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314 |
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315 | def r_eval(self, code):
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316 | """Evaluate code within a restricted environment.
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317 |
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318 | The code parameter must either be a string containing a Python
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319 | expression, or a compiled code object, which will be evaluated in
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320 | the restricted environment's __main__ module. The value of the
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321 | expression or code object will be returned.
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322 |
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323 | """
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324 | m = self.add_module('__main__')
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325 | return eval(code, m.__dict__)
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326 |
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327 | def r_execfile(self, file):
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328 | """Execute the Python code in the file in the restricted
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329 | environment's __main__ module.
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330 |
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331 | """
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332 | m = self.add_module('__main__')
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333 | execfile(file, m.__dict__)
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334 |
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335 | def r_import(self, mname, globals={}, locals={}, fromlist=[]):
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336 | """Import a module, raising an ImportError exception if the module
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337 | is considered unsafe.
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338 |
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339 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
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340 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
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341 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
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342 |
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343 | """
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344 | return self.importer.import_module(mname, globals, locals, fromlist)
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345 |
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346 | def r_reload(self, m):
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347 | """Reload the module object, re-parsing and re-initializing it.
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348 |
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349 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
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350 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
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351 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
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352 |
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353 | """
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354 | return self.importer.reload(m)
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355 |
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356 | def r_unload(self, m):
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357 | """Unload the module.
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358 |
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359 | Removes it from the restricted environment's sys.modules dictionary.
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360 |
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361 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
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362 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
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363 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
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364 |
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365 | """
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366 | return self.importer.unload(m)
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367 |
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368 | # The s_* methods are similar but also swap std{in,out,err}
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369 |
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370 | def make_delegate_files(self):
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371 | s = self.modules['sys']
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372 | self.delegate_stdin = FileDelegate(s, 'stdin')
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373 | self.delegate_stdout = FileDelegate(s, 'stdout')
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374 | self.delegate_stderr = FileDelegate(s, 'stderr')
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375 | self.restricted_stdin = FileWrapper(sys.stdin)
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376 | self.restricted_stdout = FileWrapper(sys.stdout)
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377 | self.restricted_stderr = FileWrapper(sys.stderr)
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378 |
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379 | def set_files(self):
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380 | if not hasattr(self, 'save_stdin'):
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381 | self.save_files()
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382 | if not hasattr(self, 'delegate_stdin'):
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383 | self.make_delegate_files()
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384 | s = self.modules['sys']
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385 | s.stdin = self.restricted_stdin
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386 | s.stdout = self.restricted_stdout
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387 | s.stderr = self.restricted_stderr
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388 | sys.stdin = self.delegate_stdin
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389 | sys.stdout = self.delegate_stdout
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390 | sys.stderr = self.delegate_stderr
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391 |
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392 | def reset_files(self):
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393 | self.restore_files()
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394 | s = self.modules['sys']
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395 | self.restricted_stdin = s.stdin
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396 | self.restricted_stdout = s.stdout
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397 | self.restricted_stderr = s.stderr
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398 |
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399 |
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400 | def save_files(self):
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401 | self.save_stdin = sys.stdin
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402 | self.save_stdout = sys.stdout
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403 | self.save_stderr = sys.stderr
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404 |
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405 | def restore_files(self):
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406 | sys.stdin = self.save_stdin
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407 | sys.stdout = self.save_stdout
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408 | sys.stderr = self.save_stderr
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409 |
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410 | def s_apply(self, func, args=(), kw={}):
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411 | self.save_files()
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412 | try:
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413 | self.set_files()
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414 | r = func(*args, **kw)
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415 | finally:
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416 | self.restore_files()
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417 | return r
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418 |
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419 | def s_exec(self, *args):
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420 | """Execute code within a restricted environment.
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421 |
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422 | Similar to the r_exec() method, but the code will be granted access
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423 | to restricted versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin,
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424 | sys.stderr, and sys.stdout.
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425 |
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426 | The code parameter must either be a string containing one or more
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427 | lines of Python code, or a compiled code object, which will be
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428 | executed in the restricted environment's __main__ module.
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429 |
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430 | """
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431 | return self.s_apply(self.r_exec, args)
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432 |
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433 | def s_eval(self, *args):
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434 | """Evaluate code within a restricted environment.
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435 |
|
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436 | Similar to the r_eval() method, but the code will be granted access
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437 | to restricted versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin,
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438 | sys.stderr, and sys.stdout.
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439 |
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440 | The code parameter must either be a string containing a Python
|
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441 | expression, or a compiled code object, which will be evaluated in
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442 | the restricted environment's __main__ module. The value of the
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443 | expression or code object will be returned.
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444 |
|
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445 | """
|
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446 | return self.s_apply(self.r_eval, args)
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447 |
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448 | def s_execfile(self, *args):
|
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449 | """Execute the Python code in the file in the restricted
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450 | environment's __main__ module.
|
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451 |
|
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452 | Similar to the r_execfile() method, but the code will be granted
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453 | access to restricted versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin,
|
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454 | sys.stderr, and sys.stdout.
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455 |
|
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456 | """
|
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457 | return self.s_apply(self.r_execfile, args)
|
---|
458 |
|
---|
459 | def s_import(self, *args):
|
---|
460 | """Import a module, raising an ImportError exception if the module
|
---|
461 | is considered unsafe.
|
---|
462 |
|
---|
463 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
|
---|
464 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
|
---|
465 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
|
---|
466 |
|
---|
467 | Similar to the r_import() method, but has access to restricted
|
---|
468 | versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin, sys.stderr, and
|
---|
469 | sys.stdout.
|
---|
470 |
|
---|
471 | """
|
---|
472 | return self.s_apply(self.r_import, args)
|
---|
473 |
|
---|
474 | def s_reload(self, *args):
|
---|
475 | """Reload the module object, re-parsing and re-initializing it.
|
---|
476 |
|
---|
477 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
|
---|
478 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
|
---|
479 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
|
---|
480 |
|
---|
481 | Similar to the r_reload() method, but has access to restricted
|
---|
482 | versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin, sys.stderr, and
|
---|
483 | sys.stdout.
|
---|
484 |
|
---|
485 | """
|
---|
486 | return self.s_apply(self.r_reload, args)
|
---|
487 |
|
---|
488 | def s_unload(self, *args):
|
---|
489 | """Unload the module.
|
---|
490 |
|
---|
491 | Removes it from the restricted environment's sys.modules dictionary.
|
---|
492 |
|
---|
493 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
|
---|
494 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
|
---|
495 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
|
---|
496 |
|
---|
497 | Similar to the r_unload() method, but has access to restricted
|
---|
498 | versions of the standard I/O streams sys.stdin, sys.stderr, and
|
---|
499 | sys.stdout.
|
---|
500 |
|
---|
501 | """
|
---|
502 | return self.s_apply(self.r_unload, args)
|
---|
503 |
|
---|
504 | # Restricted open(...)
|
---|
505 |
|
---|
506 | def r_open(self, file, mode='r', buf=-1):
|
---|
507 | """Method called when open() is called in the restricted environment.
|
---|
508 |
|
---|
509 | The arguments are identical to those of the open() function, and a
|
---|
510 | file object (or a class instance compatible with file objects)
|
---|
511 | should be returned. RExec's default behaviour is allow opening
|
---|
512 | any file for reading, but forbidding any attempt to write a file.
|
---|
513 |
|
---|
514 | This method is implicitly called by code executing in the
|
---|
515 | restricted environment. Overriding this method in a subclass is
|
---|
516 | used to change the policies enforced by a restricted environment.
|
---|
517 |
|
---|
518 | """
|
---|
519 | mode = str(mode)
|
---|
520 | if mode not in ('r', 'rb'):
|
---|
521 | raise IOError, "can't open files for writing in restricted mode"
|
---|
522 | return open(file, mode, buf)
|
---|
523 |
|
---|
524 | # Restricted version of sys.exc_info()
|
---|
525 |
|
---|
526 | def r_exc_info(self):
|
---|
527 | ty, va, tr = sys.exc_info()
|
---|
528 | tr = None
|
---|
529 | return ty, va, tr
|
---|
530 |
|
---|
531 |
|
---|
532 | def test():
|
---|
533 | import getopt, traceback
|
---|
534 | opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'vt:')
|
---|
535 | verbose = 0
|
---|
536 | trusted = []
|
---|
537 | for o, a in opts:
|
---|
538 | if o == '-v':
|
---|
539 | verbose = verbose+1
|
---|
540 | if o == '-t':
|
---|
541 | trusted.append(a)
|
---|
542 | r = RExec(verbose=verbose)
|
---|
543 | if trusted:
|
---|
544 | r.ok_builtin_modules = r.ok_builtin_modules + tuple(trusted)
|
---|
545 | if args:
|
---|
546 | r.modules['sys'].argv = args
|
---|
547 | r.modules['sys'].path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(args[0]))
|
---|
548 | else:
|
---|
549 | r.modules['sys'].path.insert(0, "")
|
---|
550 | fp = sys.stdin
|
---|
551 | if args and args[0] != '-':
|
---|
552 | try:
|
---|
553 | fp = open(args[0])
|
---|
554 | except IOError, msg:
|
---|
555 | print "%s: can't open file %r" % (sys.argv[0], args[0])
|
---|
556 | return 1
|
---|
557 | if fp.isatty():
|
---|
558 | try:
|
---|
559 | import readline
|
---|
560 | except ImportError:
|
---|
561 | pass
|
---|
562 | import code
|
---|
563 | class RestrictedConsole(code.InteractiveConsole):
|
---|
564 | def runcode(self, co):
|
---|
565 | self.locals['__builtins__'] = r.modules['__builtin__']
|
---|
566 | r.s_apply(code.InteractiveConsole.runcode, (self, co))
|
---|
567 | try:
|
---|
568 | RestrictedConsole(r.modules['__main__'].__dict__).interact()
|
---|
569 | except SystemExit, n:
|
---|
570 | return n
|
---|
571 | else:
|
---|
572 | text = fp.read()
|
---|
573 | fp.close()
|
---|
574 | c = compile(text, fp.name, 'exec')
|
---|
575 | try:
|
---|
576 | r.s_exec(c)
|
---|
577 | except SystemExit, n:
|
---|
578 | return n
|
---|
579 | except:
|
---|
580 | traceback.print_exc()
|
---|
581 | return 1
|
---|
582 |
|
---|
583 |
|
---|
584 | if __name__ == '__main__':
|
---|
585 | sys.exit(test())
|
---|