| 1 | C backend invocation
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| 2 | If there are any non-option arguments, they are taken to be
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| 3 | names of objects to be saved (probably doesn't work properly yet).
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| 4 | Without extra arguments, it saves the main program.
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| 5 | -ofilename Output to filename instead of STDOUT
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| 6 | -v Verbose (currently gives a few compilation statistics)
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| 7 | -- Force end of options
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| 8 | -uPackname Force apparently unused subs from package Packname to
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| 9 | be compiled. This allows programs to use eval "foo()"
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| 10 | even when sub foo is never seen to be used at compile
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| 11 | time. The down side is that any subs which really are
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| 12 | never used also have code generated. This option is
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| 13 | necessary, for example, if you have a signal handler
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| 14 | foo which you initialise with $SIG{BAR} = "foo".
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| 15 | A better fix, though, is just to change it to
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| 16 | $SIG{BAR} = \&foo. You can have multiple -u options.
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| 17 | -D Debug options (concat or separate flags like perl -D)
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| 18 | o OPs, prints each OP as it's processed
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| 19 | c COPs, prints COPs as processed (incl. file & line num)
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| 20 | A prints AV information on saving
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| 21 | C prints CV information on saving
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| 22 | M prints MAGIC information on saving
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| 23 | -f Force optimisations on or off one at a time.
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| 24 | cog Copy-on-grow: PVs declared and initialised statically
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| 25 | no-cog No copy-on-grow
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| 26 | -On Optimisation level (n = 0, 1, 2, ...). -O means -O1.
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| 27 | Currently, -O1 and higher set -fcog.
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| 28 |
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| 29 | Examples
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| 30 | perl -MO=C foo.pl > foo.c
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| 31 | perl cc_harness -o foo foo.c
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| 32 |
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| 33 | perl -MO=C,-v,-DcA bar.pl > /dev/null
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| 34 |
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| 35 | CC backend invocation
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| 36 | If there are any non-option arguments, they are taken to be names of
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| 37 | subs to be saved. Without extra arguments, it saves the main program.
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| 38 | -ofilename Output to filename instead of STDOUT
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| 39 | -- Force end of options
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| 40 | -uPackname Force apparently unused subs from package Packname to
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| 41 | be compiled. This allows programs to use eval "foo()"
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| 42 | even when sub foo is never seen to be used at compile
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| 43 | time. The down side is that any subs which really are
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| 44 | never used also have code generated. This option is
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| 45 | necessary, for example, if you have a signal handler
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| 46 | foo which you initialise with $SIG{BAR} = "foo".
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| 47 | A better fix, though, is just to change it to
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| 48 | $SIG{BAR} = \&foo. You can have multiple -u options.
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| 49 | -mModulename Instead of generating source for a runnable executable,
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| 50 | generate source for an XSUB module. The
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| 51 | boot_Modulename function (which DynaLoader can look
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| 52 | for) does the appropriate initialisation and runs the
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| 53 | main part of the Perl source that is being compiled.
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| 54 | -pn Generate code for perl patchlevel n (e.g. 3 or 4).
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| 55 | The default is to generate C code which will link
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| 56 | with the currently executing version of perl.
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| 57 | running the perl compiler.
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| 58 | -D Debug options (concat or separate flags like perl -D)
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| 59 | r Writes debugging output to STDERR just as it's about
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| 60 | to write to the program's runtime (otherwise writes
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| 61 | debugging info as comments in its C output).
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| 62 | O Outputs each OP as it's compiled
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| 63 | s Outputs the contents of the shadow stack at each OP
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| 64 | p Outputs the contents of the shadow pad of lexicals as
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| 65 | it's loaded for each sub or the main program.
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| 66 | q Outputs the name of each fake PP function in the queue
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| 67 | as it's about to processes.
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| 68 | l Output the filename and line number of each original
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| 69 | line of Perl code as it's processed (pp_nextstate).
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| 70 | t Outputs timing information of compilation stages
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| 71 | -f Force optimisations on or off one at a time.
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| 72 | [
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| 73 | cog Copy-on-grow: PVs declared and initialised statically
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| 74 | no-cog No copy-on-grow
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| 75 | These two not in CC yet.
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| 76 | ]
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| 77 | freetmps-each-bblock Delays FREETMPS from the end of each
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| 78 | statement to the end of the each basic
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| 79 | block.
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| 80 | freetmps-each-loop Delays FREETMPS from the end of each
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| 81 | statement to the end of the group of
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| 82 | basic blocks forming a loop. At most
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| 83 | one of the freetmps-each-* options can
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| 84 | be used.
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| 85 | omit-taint Omits generating code for handling
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| 86 | perl's tainting mechanism.
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| 87 | -On Optimisation level (n = 0, 1, 2, ...). -O means -O1.
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| 88 | Currently, -O1 sets -ffreetmps-each-bblock and -O2
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| 89 | sets -ffreetmps-each-loop.
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| 90 |
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| 91 | Example
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| 92 | perl -MO=CC,-O2,-ofoo.c foo.pl
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| 93 | perl cc_harness -o foo foo.c
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| 94 |
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| 95 | perl -MO=CC,-mFoo,-oFoo.c Foo.pm
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| 96 | perl cc_harness -shared -c -o Foo.so Foo.c
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| 97 |
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| 98 |
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| 99 | Bytecode backend invocation
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| 100 |
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| 101 | If there are any non-option arguments, they are taken to be
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| 102 | names of objects to be saved (probably doesn't work properly yet).
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| 103 | Without extra arguments, it saves the main program.
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| 104 | -ofilename Output to filename instead of STDOUT.
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| 105 | -- Force end of options.
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| 106 | -f Force optimisations on or off one at a time.
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| 107 | Each can be preceded by no- to turn the option off.
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| 108 | compress-nullops
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| 109 | Only fills in the necessary fields of ops which have
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| 110 | been optimised away by perl's internal compiler.
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| 111 | omit-sequence-numbers
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| 112 | Leaves out code to fill in the op_seq field of all ops
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| 113 | which is only used by perl's internal compiler.
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| 114 | bypass-nullops
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| 115 | If op->op_next ever points to a NULLOP, replaces the
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| 116 | op_next field with the first non-NULLOP in the path
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| 117 | of execution.
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| 118 | strip-syntax-tree
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| 119 | Leaves out code to fill in the pointers which link the
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| 120 | internal syntax tree together. They're not needed at
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| 121 | run-time but leaving them out will make it impossible
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| 122 | to recompile or disassemble the resulting program.
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| 123 | It will also stop "goto label" statements from working.
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| 124 | -On Optimisation level (n = 0, 1, 2, ...). -O means -O1.
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| 125 | -O1 sets -fcompress-nullops -fomit-sequence numbers.
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| 126 | -O6 adds -fstrip-syntax-tree.
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| 127 | -D Debug options (concat or separate flags like perl -D)
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| 128 | o OPs, prints each OP as it's processed.
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| 129 | b print debugging information about bytecompiler progress
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| 130 | a tells the assembler to include source assembler lines
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| 131 | in its output as bytecode comments.
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| 132 | C prints each CV taken from the final symbol tree walk.
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| 133 | -S Output assembler source rather than piping it
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| 134 | through the assembler and outputting bytecode.
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| 135 | -m Compile as a module rather than a standalone program.
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| 136 | Currently this just means that the bytecodes for
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| 137 | initialising main_start, main_root and curpad are
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| 138 | omitted.
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| 139 |
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| 140 | Example
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| 141 | perl -MO=Bytecode,-O6,-o,foo.plc foo.pl
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| 142 |
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| 143 | perl -MO=Bytecode,-S foo.pl > foo.S
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| 144 | assemble foo.S > foo.plc
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| 145 | byteperl foo.plc
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| 146 |
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| 147 | perl -MO=Bytecode,-m,-oFoo.pmc Foo.pm
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| 148 |
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| 149 | Backends for debugging
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| 150 | perl -MO=Terse,exec foo.pl
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| 151 | perl -MO=Debug bar.pl
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| 152 |
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| 153 | O module
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| 154 | Used with "perl -MO=Backend,foo,bar prog.pl" to invoke the backend
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| 155 | B::Backend with options foo and bar. O invokes the sub
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| 156 | B::Backend::compile() with arguments foo and bar at BEGIN time.
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| 157 | That compile() sub must do any inital argument processing replied.
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| 158 | If unsuccessful, it should return a string which O arranges to be
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| 159 | printed as an error message followed by a clean error exit. In the
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| 160 | normal case where any option processing in compile() is successful,
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| 161 | it should return a sub ref (usually a closure) to perform the
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| 162 | actual compilation. When O regains control, it ensures that the
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| 163 | "-c" option is forced (so that the program being compiled doesn't
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| 164 | end up running) and registers a CHECK block to call back the sub ref
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| 165 | returned from the backend's compile(). Perl then continues by
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| 166 | parsing prog.pl (just as it would with "perl -c prog.pl") and after
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| 167 | doing so, assuming there are no parse-time errors, the CHECK block
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| 168 | of O gets called and the actual backend compilation happens. Phew.
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