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  • Again: GPS blocks in the Israel area Eyal Pinko 05/09/2022
    • https://gpsjam.org/">GPS Jam The Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed and is currently maintained andoperated by the U.S. Air Force. The system is designed to provide accurate position,velocity and time information to ground, sea, air and space users. On the battlefield, which requires an accuracy of tens of centimeters to attack the right target, and identify the location of our forces in the field, this can have a heavy price. The ability to accurately orient oneself in the field is also essential for the rapid evacuation of the wounded, in order to reach them and evacuate them without the rescue force bragging about the field. The US government deliberately disrupts the GPS system in times of war to prevent the enemy from using it for weapons guidance purposes. The GPS is a satellite navigation system developed by the United States government. The system provides position, speed and heading information, and can be used for a wide variety of purposes, including navigation, machine guidance and weapon adjustment. In wartime, the US government may jam the GPS system to prevent the enemy from using it for weapons guidance purposes. This jamming can be done using a number of methods, including using electromagnetic waves to interfere with the GPS signal, or using special devices to mask the The location of the satellites. The disruption of the GPS system could make it difficult for the enemy to aim accurate weapons at American targets. This can reduce the risk of civilian casualties and damage to American property. In addition to jamming GPS, the US government also uses other technologies to prevent the enemy from using precision weapons. These technologies include radar, target intelligence, and air defense measures. The development of the GPS tracking units was initially done for the military purpose, but it has also rapidly became popular in the commercial fields and has become one of the best equipment for household activities as well. The ambulance, fire services, police and the rescue personnel are also tracked regularly so that they can assure the fast as well as reliable service. The tracking feature assures that the lives are safe and if there takes place any emergence, the nearest and appropriate teams could be sent out for help. The Israeli market comprises a huge variety of the GPS tracking devices out of which some can be used for the personal use like tracking a car etc. Some devices can be used for the business use, for example they are designed towards tracking the fleet of the vehicles. Nowadays, the usage of the GPS tools belongs to the boats, cars, planes, farm machinery, and movie making gear and laptop computers. The IDF knows that in the next war it will be difficult to rely on GPS for navigation, which is relatively easy to block or mislead. Rafael has developed a jam-proof navigation system for armored vehicles and drones, based on advanced image analysis capabilities that are used to guide missiles and bombs. "We will no longer return today's young, digital warriors to navigating from paper maps in case GPS cannot be trusted. It was complicated and inaccurate for their parents and grandparents. Nobody has time for that in today's fast-paced battlefield," explains Brigadier General (Resp.) Shmulik Olansky, head of the news center in Rafael, and formerly a chief armor officer in the IDF. The solution came from computer vision and image analysis capabilities developed by Rafael for bombs and guided missiles, to identify their target using a camera, and hit exactly the window they were aimed at. Rafael's system, which was named "Mirror Derekh", uses 3D photography of the area obtained even before from drones, satellites and even drones. A series of cameras installed in the combat vehicles scan the environment, create a 3D image of it, and then connect it to the 3D image taken from above, to identify the location of the vehicle in its environment to an accuracy of 5 meters. The system is able to send the location to friendly forces in the field, and receive their location data, so that the force can continue to function normally even without GPS. And you can also help quickly evacuate casualties from the battle. Most of the development was carried out at the Raphael subsidiary in Jerusalem, which specializes in computer vision. The Home Front Command alert that will be activated in Haifa will not alert the mobile of that resident, who relies on the Home Front Command application as reliable - and may miss an alert in his area. The GPS blocks in Israel's skies that started somewhere in 2019 had not yet ended by 2022. The source of the block is not clear, but it is possible that it is GPS blocks produced by the Russian army, possibly by the ships of the Russian Navy, most of which are equipped with GPS blocking and jamming offices. The European Aviation Safety Organization announced that it may be drone jamming systems. The blockage is felt by civilian passenger aircraft but not by vehicles and ground platforms. In June 2019, many complaints were also received from planes that wanted to land and take off from Ben Gurion Airport about their GPS being blocked. A number of newspapers around the world believe that the source of the disruption may be Israel, and this against the background of Defense Minister Benny Gantz's statement that Israel and its allied countries are prepared for any Iranian attempt to attack Israel using drones, missiles and rockets. Until now, GPS blocks have been observed, that is, relatively high-intensity transmissions, which cause the GPS frequencies to be blocked and not received by the navigation devices. No GPS disruptions have been reported so far. GPS jammers unlike jammers cause the GPS receivers to pick up the wrong location and time, so the GPS receiver identifies his location, while his true location is far away elsewhere. The use of GPS jammers and jammers is common and such capabilities are not only in the hands of Russia, but also exist in the hands of Syria and Iran, and hence it is reasonable to assume that it is also in the hands of its proxy organizations - Hezbollah, Hamas, the Shiite militias in Syria and Iraq, as well as in the hands of the Houthi rebels in Yemen. By the way, GPS blockers, which are illegal for use in Israel and other countries, can be bought on various sales sites on the Internet, including the Ali Express website. During 2019 and 2020, many reports were received from vessels sailing in the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea about GPS blockages. Suspicions then fell on the war and intelligence ships of the Russian Navy, which operated the blockers during training and operational activities. Since then, thousands of reports have been received about GPS blocks in areas where the forces of the Russian army operate, on its various arms. In Russia, GPS jammers are activated near all strategic and military facilities and sites, with the assumption that blocking GPS will prevent NATO from accurately attacking these sites. Even during the campaign in Ukraine, the Russian army operates a large amount of GPS jammers, mainly around the Crimea. According to Israeli newspaper Haaretz, the Israeli army has admitted to ramping up the use of "GPS jamming" in the region in an attempt to counter drone attacks by Hamas and Hezbollah. This has consequences for flights to and from Israel but also affects the daily lives of Israelis. The jamming technique is now widely used in what's commonly known as electronic warfare. American researchers recently located a powerful GPS jammer in Miron. The blockades interfere with civil aviation and endanger airplanes. The surprise attack by Hamas last Saturday included the extensive use of drones to observe and hit IDF communication and firing positions along the fence , and strike from the air at the soldiers in the bases adjacent to the fence. Hezbollah has a much more extensive array of drones and drones, and in the week that has passed since the attack began, several warnings were activated along the northern border. The Waze, Google Maps apps - and the Home Front Command app - recognized GPS malfunctions. The spokeswoman of the cyber system: "During the fighting, GPS jamming is proactively activated". for residents living in Haifa, Kiryat, Karmiel and other localities in the north, the GPS supposedly shows that they are in Kibbutz Shamir in the Upper Galilee, or in other places. A similar - potentially more serious - problem also occurs in the Home Command app. Ron Krisi, 27 years old from Rishon Lezion, said that while he was in Kiryat yesterday (Friday) he received a warning from the Home Front Command about a demand to enter the protected area. "I entered the protected area, and then when I checked the app it became clear to me that the alert was aimed at the northern border, and the GPS detected me there by mistake," he told Ynet. According to him, this morning when he used waze "it showed that I was in Kibbutz Shamir, while I was actually in Kiryat." The spokeswoman for the National Cyber Array, Livy Oz, said in response: "During the fighting, GPS jamming is proactively activated for various purposes. Citizens should be aware that activating the jamming can cause various and temporary phenomena in location-based applications". On 04 April 2024, Israelis woke up in Tel Aviv to find that map apps on their phones indicated they were in the Lebanese capital, Beirut, about 200 kilometers north, disrupting the work of taxi drivers and temporarily putting food delivery apps out of service. According to the Wall Street Journal , the Israeli army deliberately jammed and manipulated Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, while the country was preparing for a possible response by Iran or one of its allied militias due to the air strike that targeted, on Monday, an Iranian diplomatic building in Syria. It claimed the lives of a senior Iranian general and 6 other military officials. The Israeli military said GPS jamming, which can be used to confuse weapons targeting systems, "was part of an effort to protect the country." Israeli army spokesman Daniel Hagari said on Thursday: “Today we began jamming the global positioning system in order to neutralize threats.” He added: "We realize that this interference causes inconvenience, but it is an essential and necessary tool in our defense capabilities." According to the report, this was not the time that Israel has jammed the signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS), since the outbreak of its war with Hamas on October 7, indicating that it resorted to the operation mainly in the north of the country, where it exchanges strikes with the Hezbollah-backed group. from Iran. It also disrupted the system in southern Israel, especially around the city of Eilat, which has been the target of missile and drone attacks by Iranian-backed Yemeni and Iraqi militias, according to Yigal Ona, former director general of Israel's National Cyber Directorate. The GPS disruptions have intensified since the raid in Damascus 01 April 2024 and have spread to central Israel, including Tel Aviv, where a taxi driver said his mapping application pinpointed his location at Beirut's Rafic Hariri International Airport. In the south of the country, in Jerusalem and the West Bank, GPS devices this week placed users in Cairo. GPS satellites send radio signals to GPS receivers, which interpret these signals to calculate precise location. GPS jamming is done using a stronger radio signal that overwhelms and blocks satellite signals. This results in the GPS receiver being unable to determine geographic location. As for manipulation by showing a location different from the real location, it is done using modified GPS waves, where a different location point is sent intentionally. Ugal Inna says Israeli security forces use a practice called GPS spoofing, which interferes with GPS receivers like those in smartphones and fakes the device's actual location, and can divert GPS-guided weapons like drones. According to the newspaper’s report, Ukraine also used tampering against Russian drones in the ongoing war between them, explaining that fake signals can either divert the drone from its intended path, or deceive the aircraft - which is often a civilian model - by making it think it has entered. restricted area or no-fly zone, causing it to fall. October 28 - RIA Novosti. Israeli Communications Minister Shlomo Karkhi announced the severance of ties with the Starlink satellite systems manufacturer Space X due to the decision of the company's owner Elon Musk to use these systems in the Gaza Strip. American billionaire and entrepreneur Elon Musk previously said that Starlink satellite communications services will be provided to internationally recognized organizations providing assistance in the Gaza Strip. " Hamas will use this (Starlink satellite systems - ed.) for terrorist activities. ...Perhaps Musk would be willing to condition this on the release of our kidnapped babies, sons, daughters, elderly people. By then, my department will stop using Starlink," - the minister said in a message on the social network X. Tech billionaire Elon Musk has said that he will provide satellite internet access to “internationally recognized aid organizations” in Gaza via his Starlink network. Phone and internet lines went down in the enclave after a heavy Israeli bombardment on Friday. Musk made his announcement on X (formerly Twitter) on Saturday, stating that SpaceX’s Starlink division would “support connectivity” with the besieged strip. There are apparently a number of Starlink terminals in Gaza, but in a separate post on Saturday, Musk said that none of these devices had attempted to communicate with the satellite network. “It is not clear who has authority for ground links in Gaza, but do we know that no terminal has requested a connection in that area,” he wrote on X. Internet and cell phone services stopped working in Gaza on Friday night after a wave of Israeli airstrikes. Gaza’s largest telecommunications operator, Paltel, announced that its infrastructure had been totally destroyed in the bombing, which preceded the deployment of Israeli ground troops to the enclave. EU probing X (aka Twitter) over ‘terrorist content’ Read more EU probing X (aka Twitter) over ‘terrorist content’ “The intense bombing in the last hour caused the destruction of all remaining international routes linking Gaza to the outside world,” the company said. The outage left news organizations and aid groups unable to reach their workers, with the UN children’s agency and Doctors Without Borders both reporting no contact from their employees. RT Arabic was also temporarily unable to contact its correspondents and photographers in Gaza. Musk’s announcement marks the second time that he has deployed Starlink to a combat zone. Shortly after the start of Russia’s military operation in Ukraine, the tech tycoon announced that he would deliver Starlink terminals to the Ukrainian side and pay for their upkeep. However, he fell out of favor with Kiev when he barred the Ukrainian military from using the network to guide drone strikes on Russian ships in the Black Sea. “If I had agreed to their request, then SpaceX would be explicitly complicit in a major act of war and conflict escalation,” he explained last month. The Pentagon has since announced a deal to lease Starlink satellites for military use. On October 7, Israel was subjected to an unprecedented-scale rocket attack from the Gaza Strip as part of Operation Al-Aqsa Flood, announced by the military wing of the Palestinian Hamas movement. After this, the organization’s fighters entered the border areas in southern Israel, where they opened fire on both military and civilians, and also took hostages. In Israel, according to local authorities, more than 1.4 thousand people were killed, including 300 military personnel, and more than 5 thousand were injured. Musk announced that Internet service via the “ Starlink ” satellite system will provide communications for “internationally recognized relief organizations” in Gaza , which has been isolated from the world since Friday due to the cut off of communications and the Internet. Commenting on this statement, Israeli Communications Minister Shlomo Karai said that they are using available means to prevent Musk from providing relief organizations in Gaza with the Internet. But, what is Starlink? How does it work? It is a satellite-based Internet service created by Musk's company, SpaceX, and is designed to provide Internet access in underserved areas not provided by the traditional Internet service system. The Starlink system consists of thousands of satellites placed in low Earth orbit, which are linked together to create a mesh network capable of providing high-speed Internet access. The service works by connecting users to satellites via an antenna dish that is connected to the user's router and modem, which in turn are connected to the Internet. This service was prepared to connect disaster-stricken areas and war zones to the Internet, and Ukraine benefited from it during the current war with Russia. Currently, the service is available to only 40 countries, not including Palestine. Source : Al Jazeera About this story Musk announces the provision of communication services to relief organizations in Gaza The owner of the “Star Link” communications company, Elon Musk, said that the company “will provide communication service to internationally recognized relief organizations in the Gaza Strip.” Mahsa Amini protests.. Will Elon Musk help Iranians bypass the Internet blockage via Starlink? An informed source confirmed that the “Starlink” satellite Internet service was successfully tested in the capital, Tehran, after the US government last month paved the way for technology companies to work to support the protests in Iran. Starlink devices in Tehran (communication platforms) Israeli Air Force dedicated electronic warfare aircraft can pinpoint every device exchanging data with low-orbit communication satellites and direct deadly air-to-ground missiles against it. The technique is hardly new: It was first used by the Russians in 1996 to assassinate Chechen President Dzhokhar Dudaev as he was using a satellite phone. Israelis have a long record of targeted killings using phones to identify and locate the target. One of the first victims of the technique was Hamas leader Yahya Ayyash, killed the same year as Dudaev. Elon Musk said he would offer his Starlink satellite internet service to “internationally recognised aid organisations” in Gaza, prompting protests by Israel. “HAMAS will use it for terrorist activities,” Israel’s communication minister Shlomo Karhi said on X. “Perhaps Musk would be willing to condition it with the release of our abducted babies, sons, daughters, elderly people. All of them! By then, my office will cut any ties with starlink.” US billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk said on 28 October 2023 that his company SpaceX would support communications in Gaza with internationally recognized organizations, but no terminal has requested connection as of now. "SpaceX will support communication links with internationally recognized aid organizations [in Gaza]," Musk replied on the social platform X, formerly Twitter, to a question whether he can provide Starlink connection to the exclave. He added that "it is not clear who has authority for ground links in Gaza, but do we know that no terminal has requested a connection in that area." Earlier, Palestinian National Authority (PNA) Communications Minister Ishaq Sadr said that the body was negotiating with Starlink the use of its services to restore communications in the Gaza Strip. The minister added that Palestine was in talks with Egypt to facilitate the entry of Starlink equipment into Gaza through the Rafah border crossing. Palestinian Authority Communications Minister Ishaq Sadr informed Sputnik that Musk had refrained from providing satellite network services to Gaza due to Israeli threats. This came before Karhi condemned Musk's pledge to allow Starlink’s connectivity to help internationally recognized organizations helping in the Gaza Strip. In response, he announced that the occupation ministry is severing all ties with Starlink. "Perhaps Musk would be willing to condition it with the release of our abducted babies, sons, daughters, elderly people. All of them! By then, my office will cut any ties with Starlink," Karhi posted on X. This decision came on the heels of Musk’s decision to deploy the Starlink satellite system in the Gaza Strip following pro-Palestine calls for Musk to allow Starlink over Gaza after the occupation isolated the city by cutting off all means of communication. Although Musk clarified that the move was intended to aid internationally recognized organizations to coordinate their efforts better, considering that they were stalled and even jeopardized, it was met with defiance and insolence from the Israeli government. Israeli Communications Minister Shlomo Karhi stated on 27 November 2023 that he has reached a preliminary agreement with US billionaire Elon Musk to deploy Starlink satellite communication services in the Gaza Strip, but is restricted to Israeli approval. In late October, Musk announced that his company SpaceX, the operator of Starlink, would provide support for communications with internationally recognized aid groups in Gaza during a telephone and internet blackout in the enclave. "As a result of this significant agreement, Starlink satellite units can only be operated in Israel with the approval of the Israeli Ministry of Communications, including the Gaza Strip," the minister wrote on X, formerly known as Twitter. November 27, 2023 Israel said on Monday that it had agreed in principle with American billionaire Elon Musk to use the Starlink communications service of his company SpaceX in the Gaza Strip. The announcement comes during Musk's visit to Israel on Monday, which coincides with a truce in the war with Hamas. Musk's office has not yet commented on the visit. It is noteworthy that the Starlink system provides Internet service via satellite, and requires special devices to receive and transmit the signal, which is not available in the Gaza Strip. The President of Israel, Isaac Herzog, is scheduled to meet Monday afternoon with Musk. Herzog's office said that relatives of hostages held by Hamas in Gaza will join the meeting, and the Israeli president and Musk will discuss "the need to take action to confront the rise in anti-Semitism online." Netanyahu's office said that he will also meet with Musk on Monday to discuss the security aspects of artificial intelligence and hold an online discussion with a live broadcast of it. Netanyahu met with Musk in California on September 18, urging him to strike a balance between protecting freedom of expression and combating hate speech after weeks of controversy over anti-Semitic content on the X platform. As the war sparked by the Hamas attack on southern Israel intensified, Musk last month proposed using Starlink to support communications links with “internationally recognized relief organizations” in the Gaza Strip amid power, internet and communications cuts. At the time, Israeli Communications Minister Shlomo Qarai said, “Hamas will exploit Starlink for terrorist acts.” But in a new twist, the minister said on Monday that Israel and Musk had reached an agreement in principle according to which “Starlink satellite units cannot be operated in Israel except with the approval of the Israeli Ministry of Communications, including the Gaza Strip.” In a post on Musk said before that that he is against anti-Semitism and against anything that “promotes hatred and conflict,” reiterating that the X platform does not promote hate speech. Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia have increased around the world, including during the seven-week war between Israel and Hamas. A temporary truce is currently in effect between Israel and Hamas, which witnesses the release of some hostages in Gaza and a number of Palestinians held by Israel on security charges. Jewish organizations reported an increase in anti-Semitic actions in a number of countries since the beginning of the war between Israel and Hamas. November 27, 2023 On Monday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, accompanied by American billionaire Elon Musk, toured Kibbutz Kfar Azza and other areas around the Gaza Strip. A statement issued by Netanyahu's office said, "The Prime Minister briefed Musk on the horrors of the kibbutz massacre during the events of Saturday, October 7." Netanyahu and Musk visited the Itamari family home, where Musk heard about Avigail Idan (4 years old), whose parents were killed and was kidnapped to Gaza and released on Sunday. At the conclusion of the visit, the Israeli Prime Minister and the American billionaire toured the kibbutz, whose residents “suffered most of the atrocities on October 7,” in the words of Netanyahu’s office. Netanyahu met with Musk in California, on September 18, and urged him to strike a balance between protecting freedom of expression and combating hate speech after weeks of controversy over anti-Semitic content on the X platform. Musk responded by saying that he is against anti-Semitism and against anything that "promotes hatred and conflict," repeating his previous statements that the X platform does not promote hate speech. During that visit, about 200 people protested efforts by Israel's right-wing government to limit the powers of Israeli courts. They gathered in front of the Tesla factory in California, where the meeting was being held. On November 15, Musk endorsed a post on The White House denounced what it called "the abhorrent promotion of racist and anti-Semitic hatred" that "contradicts our fundamental values ??as Americans." Major American companies temporarily stopped advertising on the X website. The conspiracy theory holds that Jewish people and leftists are engineering the racial and cultural replacement of the white population with non-white immigrants, which will lead to "white genocide." Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia have increased in the Unite 20 April 2024 With the increasing reliance of Middle Eastern residents on the use of Google Maps or geographic positioning system applications, they find themselves facing challenges they have not encountered before, as it may indicate their location in an Arab city other than the one in which they live, or give them wrong geographical coordinates. How does this happen? What is its relationship to the war in Gaza? And tensions in the Middle East? Since the start of the war in Gaza last October, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has witnessed a lot of disruption, as some use special jamming devices to disrupt navigation frequencies coming from satellites in space. The GPS navigation system usually provides identification of geographical locations at any time and in any weather condition, according to the US government’s Positioning, Navigation and Timing Coordination Office , on which various map applications depend. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) work through radio signals sent by satellites to receivers, which accurately determine the location, according to a report by the Wall Street Journal . The GPS navigation system can determine the geographical location accurately. Archive The GPS navigation system can determine the geographical location accurately. Archive Jammers simply work by sending a stronger signal than satellite signals, which either blocks the signal completely or gives data with false information, deliberately sending signals that they are in a different geographical location. Israel faces more accusations of confusing and disrupting the frequencies of geographical navigation systems, which is not limited to the airspace over Israel, but even in neighboring countries. Israeli efforts have become part of the "electronic war" linked to the conflict in Gaza, according to a report published by the American radio " NPR ," which affects air traffic and civilian shipping. Todd Humphreys, a professor specializing in networking, navigation, and telecommunications systems at the University of Texas at Austin, told NPR that Israel is currently jamming the Middle East. Humphreys, accompanied by a group of his students, examined the source of the jamming frequencies in the Middle East, and the data revealed that it was coming from an air base run by the Israeli army. “Being on a plane in the Middle East or Eastern Europe has become more dangerous than it was at this time last year,” Humphreys said, referring to the use of jamming systems in the Ukrainian war as well. Professor Humphreys' team observed a strange trend after October 7, with "planes approaching Israel disappearing from the screens for a short period." This is due to "spoofing technology", which is when GPS data is manipulated to send false signals. Confusion in navigation and mapping systems in the Middle East. Archive Confusion in navigation and mapping systems in the Middle East. Archive Humphreys said in a call with Agence France-Presse that he “analyzed” data from “satellites in low orbit” until January 2, and concluded that “Israel appears to be using that technology” to defend itself. For example, its “false signals” fooled planes in northern Israel “by making them think they were at Rafic Hariri International Airport in Beirut.” Mohamed Aziz, a consultant for the Lebanese Middle East Airlines, told NPR radio that “pilots can no longer rely on satellite geographical positioning systems.” He pointed out that it is also no longer feasible to rely on “geographic terrain warning systems, as they may receive a signal that there is a mountain peak in front of them while they are above the sea.” During the past few weeks, Israel has activated jamming of GPS systems even in Tel Aviv, in a move to confuse Iranian missile attacks targeting Israel. During the days preceding the recent Iranian attacks on Israel, maps in Tel Aviv were showing civilians as being in Cairo or Beirut, in a move to confuse any targeting by drones or GPS-guided missiles, according to a report published by the Daily Mail . Israeli army spokesman Daniel Hagari said in his statements, “We are aware of the disturbances and inconvenience caused by (disabling mapping systems), but it is a vital tool necessary for defensive capabilities.” The Israeli army recommended that Israelis determine their areas without common map applications, and use the official application of the Home Front to receive alerts about missiles and marches. Yigal Ona, a former Israeli internet and cybersecurity official, told the Wall Street Journal that Israel has “intermittently disabled GPS signals since the war began in October, and even when Hezbollah began firing missiles into northern Israel, Frequency signals were also jammed in Eilat, which was a target for Iranian agents in Yemen and Iraq. Errors in map applications due to interference with navigation systems. Archive Errors in map applications due to interference with navigation systems. Archive Ona explains that Israel uses “a practice known as GPS spoofing, which interferes with GPS receivers such as those found in cell phones and falsifies the device’s actual locations, enabling it to divert GPS-guided weapons such as drones.” ". Ukraine has used this practice against Russian drones, as fake signals trick the drones into indicating that they are in the wrong geographical area or a no-fly zone, and then they crash. The newspaper points out that the deceptive GPS may serve military purposes, but in addition to being a source of inconvenience to citizens, it also creates major challenges for civilian and commercial aircraft that use the navigation system. While Israel is disrupting others, its team is working tirelessly to prevent the interception of small Israeli army marches in Gaza, according to an Agence France-Presse report. Israeli drones, enhanced with artificial intelligence, continuously patrol over Gaza to identify many targets that soldiers can target. GPS systems allow determining the location of an object through signals sent via satellites. Closer to the ground, the signal is weaker and therefore more easily jammed. Hamas uses jamming devices to try to disrupt small reconnaissance marches, which prompted the Israeli army to use techniques that protect GPS signals from interference. GPS Jam, a specialized website that collects data on GPS signal outages, reported a low level of outage on October 7 around Gaza. But the next day, disruptions increased around Gaza but also along the Israeli-Lebanese border. Jamming the GPS system in the Middle East. Archive Jamming the GPS system in the Middle East. Archive In late March, Lebanon submitted a complaint to the Security Council regarding the Israeli measures that disrupted its navigation systems, considering that they represented “Israeli attacks on Lebanese sovereignty by disrupting navigation systems.” The Lebanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a statement at the time that the Israeli action affects “the safety of civil aviation in the airspace of Rafic Hariri International Airport - Beirut, since the beginning of the war on Gaza. This complaint came as a continuation of the campaign to document Israeli violations and violations and a continuation of the series of complaints previously filed.” Lebanon held Israel “internationally responsible and responsible for the consequences of any accident or disaster caused by Israel’s deliberate policy of disrupting air and ground navigation systems and deliberately disrupting signal receiving and transmitting devices.” An Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman said at the time, “Lebanon allows Hezbollah to attack Israeli civilians from its territory.” He added, "Lebanon is the last country to talk about sovereignty, and it harbors a terrorist organization that has displaced tens of thousands of citizens." The Lebanese Hezbollah group has been exchanging fire with Israel across the border since the outbreak of the war in Gaza.



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