Anti-Popes
Popes elected in opposition to the pope of Rome.
A.D. 218-223 | 1 | Hippolytus | |||
A.D. 251 | 1 | 2 | 1 | Novatianus | elected in opposition to Cornelius |
A.D. 355-366 | 2 | 3 | Felix II | elected on the banishment of Liberius. | |
A.D. 366 | 3 | 4 | 2 | Ursianus [Ursinus] | elected in opposition to Damasus |
A.D. 418 | 4 | 5 | 3 | Eulalius | elected in opposition to Boniface I. |
A.D. 498 | 5 | 6 | 4 | Laurentius | appointed by Festus in opposition to Symmachus. |
A.D. 530 | 6 | 7 | 5 | Dioscorus | consecrated in opposition to Boniface II. |
A.D. 537 | 7 | Vigilius | appointed by Bellisarius on the exile of Silvorlus. | ||
A.D. 686 | 8 | 6 | Peter | in the pontificate of John V | |
A.D. 686 | 9 | 6 | Theodorus | in the pontificate of John V | |
A.D. 687-692 | 10 | 8 | 7 | Paschal | elected in opposition to Sergius |
A.D. 687 | 11 | 7 | Theodorus | elected in opposition to Sergius | |
A.D. 767-768 | 12 | 8 | Theopphylactus | elected at the death of Paul I | |
A.D. 767-768 | 13 | 9 | Constantinus | elected at the death of Paul I, forcibly held the see thirteen mouths afier the death of Paul, Constantinus was deposed by Pope Stephen III, shut up in a monastery, and his eyes put out, Aug. 6. 768. | |
A.D. 768-768 | 14 | 10 | Philip | elected at the death of Paul I, Philip, a monk, declared pope by the faction of Waldipert, in 768. | |
A.D. 824 | 15 | 11 | Zizimus / Zosimus | elected in opposition to Eugenius II. | |
A.D. 844 | 9 | John | |||
A.D. 855 | 16 | 10 | 12 | Anastasius | contested the election of Benedict III. |
A.D. 891 | 17 | 13 | Sergius | elected in opposition to Formosus, | |
A.D. 896 | 18 | Boniface VI | chosen to succeed Formosus, died a fortnight afterwards. | ||
A.D. 906 | 19 | Christophorus | deposed and imprisoned Leo V. | ||
A.D. 964 | 20 | 15 | Leo VIII | elected to succeed John XII, disputed the see with popes John XII and Benedict V, in 955 and 964, deposed 965. | |
A.D. 974 | 21 | 11 | Boniface VII | elected on the death of Benedict VI, . deposed 975. | |
A.D. 997-998 | 12 | Calabritanus (John XVI) | |||
A.D. 1012 | 22 | 13 | 16 | Gregory | unseated Benedict VIII, deposed by Kaiser Henry II., A.D 1014 |
A.D. 1044-1046 | 23 | 14 | 17 | Sylvester III | Silvester III and John XXII contested the see with pope Benedict IX; all three resigned in favor of Gregory VI, in 1044. Elected to succeed Benedict VIII on his banishment, Benedict sold the pontificate to John, 1044. |
A.D, 1058-1059 | 24 | 18 | Mincius (Benedict X) | opposed Stephen IX, contested the see with pope Nicholas II in 1059. | |
A.D. 1061 | 25 | 15 | 19 | Cadalous (Honorius II) | appointed by tbe diet of Basel in opposition to Alexander II, deposed by the council of Osbor 1062. |
Ghibelline Schism / Investiture Controversy | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A.D. 1073-1100 | 26 | 16 | 20 | Guibert of Ravenna / Wilbertus (Clement III) | elected at Brixen in opposition to Gregory VII, Clement was set up by Kaiser Henry IV. |
A.D. 1100 ?1102 | 27 | 18 | Albert | appointed to succeed Clement, taken prisoner by the partisans of Paschal II. | |
A.D. 1100 | 28 | 17 | Thedoric | appointed to succeed Albert | |
A.D. 1105-1111 | 29 | 19 | Maginufe / Maginulfus (Sylvester IV) | appointed to succeed Theodoric | |
A.D. 1118-1121 | 30 | 20 | Burdinus (Gregory VIII) | elected in opposition to Gelusius II, Gregory waa set up by Kaiser Henry V. | |
A.D. 1124 | 21 | 21 | Theobald / Theobaldus Buccapecus (Celestine II) | ||
A.D. 1124-1130 | 31 | Calixtus II | some sources report he was an Anti-Pope elected during the pontificate of Honorius II, while most sources report he was Pope elected in 1119, followed by Honorius II in 1124. | ||
A.D. 1130-1138 | 32 | 22 | 22 | Anacletus [Anacletus II] | elected by a majority of the conclave in opposition to Innocent II. |
A.D. 1138 | 33 | 23 | Gregory (Victor IV) | chosen to succeed Analectus, abdicated. | |
A.D. 1159-1164 | 34 | 24 | 23 | Octavianus (Victor IV) | elected in opposition to Alexander III. |
A.D. 1164-1168 | 35 | 25 | Guido Cremensis (Paschal III) | elected to succeed Victor. | |
A.D. 1168-1178 | 36 | 26 | Johannes de Struma (Calixtus III / Callistus III) | elected to succeed Paschal. Abjures his schism, 1178. | |
A.D. 1178-1180 | 37 | 27 | Landus Titinus (Innocent III) | chosen in the place of Callistus. Taken prisoner by Pope Alexander, 1180 and died soon afterwards. | |
The Great Schism of the West, 1378-1429. When there was a pope at Rome, and another at Avignon, and sometimes three or four popes, presuming the French popes to be anti-popes. | |||||
A.D. 1328 | 38 | 24 | Peter (Nicholas V) | chosen by Louis of Bavaria in opposition to John XXII, while the see was in France, pope John XXII arrested him. Renounced his schism, 1330. | |
A.D. 1378-1394 | 39 | 28 | 25 | Robert (Clement VII) | the French pope in opposition to Urban VI, began the great schism in 1378, and held the see at Avignon, against popes Urban VI and Boniface IX. |
A.D. 1394-1423 | 40 | 26 | Peter of Luna (Benedict) | Benedict XI, XII, or XIII, according to different writers, succeeded Clement (deposed 1409), held the see thirty years at Peniscola, Spain, against Boniface IX and his successor | |
A.D. 1409 | 41 | 29 | Alexander V | elected by the Council of Pisa, which took upon itself to depone the two existing popes, and to elect a third. There were now three popes, viz. Gregory XII. at Home, Benedict XIII. at Avignon, and Alexander V. | |
A.D. 1410 | 42 | John XXII | Variously known as John XXI, John XXII, John XXIII, or John XXIV, succeeded the anti-Pope Alexander. Was deposed by the Council of Constance 1417, and Martin V. elected. There were now four popes : Gregory XII, Benedict XIII, John XXIII, and Martin V. | ||
A.D. 1417-1431 | 43 | 30 | Clement VIII | Giles de Munoz, a Spaniard succeeded Benedict XIII. As Clement VIII he opposed pope Martin V five years, viz. from 1424 to 1429. Abdicated 1429, and thus the schism ended. John XXIII died 1410, Gregory XII died 1417, Benedict XIII died 1424. Martin V was left sole pope. | |
A.D. 1439-1449 | 44 | 31 | Felix V | elected in opposition to Eugenius IV by the Council of Basel,; abdicated 1449. Undoubtedly an excellent choice, accepted by England, France, Germany, Spain and Lombardy. Only Italy (bar Lombardy) and Venice refused to acknowledge him. Amadens, or pope Felix V, is also reckoned among the antipopes by Roman writers; but, having been elected In the Council of Basle, lawfully assembled, in which Eugenius IV had been previously deposed, according to some he cannot justly be regarded In that light. Felix renounced the pontiflcate in 1449. |
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