Former Yugoslavia and Kosovo |
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In December 1995, the first US ground troops deployed into Bosnia-Herzegovina in support of Operation Joint Endeavor. Their mission was to implement the provisions of the Dayton Peace Accords. On 20 December 1996, the mission transitioned from implementation to stabilization. At that time, Operation Joint Endeavor ended and Operation Joint Guard began. On 20 June 1998, the NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR) in Bosnia-Herzegovina transitioned to a slightly smaller follow-on force. Simultaneously, Operation Joint Guard ended and Operation Joint Forge began. The United States agreed to provide a force of approximately 6,900 US Service members to help maintain the military force in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In March 2002, the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) recommended reductions in the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR), including withdrawal of heavy armored units, leading to reduction of between 5,000 and 10,000 troops from the 43,000-strong force. At the same time, SACEUR also proposed a continued reduction of troop numbers in the SFOR in Bosnia, along with reductions in air surveillance and naval support for NATO operations in the Balkans. On 2 December 2003, SFOR confirmed that due to the improved security situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina that it would reduce to a deterrent force of approximately 7,000 multinational soldiers by June 2004. At the Istanbul Summit in June 2004, NATO Heads of State and Government agreed that in light of the improved security situation in the country SFOR could be concluded at the end of that year. On 2 December 2004, the SFOR mission ended and Operation Joint Forge came to a close. The US Army's SFOR contingent, Task Force Eagle, had been officially inactivated on 24 November 2004. By the end of 2004 the only remaining American forces in the Former Yugoslavia were the 1,000 Ohio Army National Guard soldiers of the 37th Armor Brigade deployed to Kosovo as peacekeepers as part of KFOR. The United States Army continued to deploy rotational forces in support of KFOR and as of 2013 there was still no fixed timeline for when Operation Joint Guardian would come to an end. |
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Locale |
Dates |
US Forces |
||
Mountain Relief | Albania | 19 Jan 2002 | 22 Jan 2002 | |
Essential Harvest | Macedonia | 27 Aug 2001 | 01 Oct 2001 | |
Joint Guardian | Kosovo | 11 Jun 1999 | ongoing | KFOR Deployments |
Allied Harvest | Adriatic Sea | 9 Jun 1999 | 26 Aug 1999 | |
Provide Refuge / Open Arms Allied Harbour Sustain Hope / Shining Hope |
Kosovo | Apr 1999 05 Apr 1999 04 Apr 1999 |
May? 1999 01 Sep 1999 08 July 1999 |
|
Allied Force | Kosovo | 24 Mar 1999 | 10 Jun 1999 | |
Noble Anvil Eagle Eye Determined Force Flexible Anvil / Sky Anvil |
Kosovo |
Jan 1999 30 Oct 1998 12 Oct 1998 Aug 1998 |
10 Jun 1999 24 Mar 1999 23 Mar 1999 Dec 1998 |
|
Cobalt Flash Determined Falcon |
Former Yugoslavia Kosovo / Albania |
? 1998 15 Jun 1998 |
Mar 1999? 16 Jun 1998 |
|
Deliberate Force | Bosnia-Herzegovina | 29 Aug 1995 | 21 Sep 1995 | |
Joint Forge Joint Guard Joint Endeavor Determined Effort |
Bosnia-Herzegovina | 20 Jun 98 Dec 1996 Dec 1995 Jul 1995 |
24 Nov 2004 20 Jun 98 Dec 1996 Dec 1995 |
SFOR Deployments IFOR Deployments |
Quick Lift | Croatia | 03 Jul 1995 | 11 Aug 1995 | |
Nomad Endeavor Nomad Vigil |
Taszar, Hungary Albania |
March 1996 01 Jul 1995 |
?? 1996 05 Nov 1996 |
|
Able Sentry | Serbia-Macedonia | 05 Jul 1994 | 28 Feb 1999 | |
Deliberate Forge Decisive Guard / Deliberate Guard Decisive Endeavor / Decisive Edge Deny Flight |
Bosnia-Herzegovina |
20 Jun 1998 Dec 1996 Jan 1996 12 Apr 1993 |
24 Nov 2004 20 Jun 1998 Dec 1996 20 Dec 1995 |
?? ?? 2,000 |
Sky Monitor | Bosnia-Herzegovina | 16 Oct 1992 | 24 Nov 2004 | |
Determined Guard Decisive Enhancement Sharp Guard Maritime Guard Maritime Monitor |
Adriatic Sea |
Dec 1996 Dec 1995 15 Jun 1993 22 Nov 1992 16 Jul 1992 |
?? Dec 1998 19 Jun 1996 Dec 1995 15 Jun 1993 22 Nov 1992 |
?? ?? 11,700 ?? ?? |
Provide Promise | Bosnia | 03 Jul 1992 | Mar 1996 | 1,000 |
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