I.Thebes, the name of several cities of antiquity.—The most considerable were,
I. The city of the hundred gates, in Upper Egypt, now Karnak, etc., Mel. 1, 9, 9; Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 60; 36, 7, 11, § 58; 36, 8, 12, § 60; 36, 13, 20, § 94 al.—Hence,
1. Thēbae-us , a, um, adj., of or belonging to Thebes, Theban: “mons,” in the Thebaid, Claud. Idyll. 1, 91.—
2. Thēbāĭcus , a, um, adj., Theban: “palmae,” Plin. 23, 4, 51, § 97; “called also simply Thebaicae,” Stat. S. 4, 9, 26: “triticum,” Plin. 18, 7, 12, § 68: “lapis,” id. 36, 8, 13, § 63; 36, 22, 43, § 157: “harena,” id. 36, 6, 9, § 53: “marmor,” Spart. Nigr. 12.—
3. Thē-bāïs , ĭdis, f. (sc. terra), the Thebaid, the capital of which was Thebes, Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48; 12, 21, 46, § 100; 13, 4, 9, § 47 al. et saep.—
II. The chief city of Bœotia, one of the most ancient cities in Greece, founded by Cadmus, now Thive, Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 7, 12, § 25; 5, 19, 17, § 76; 7, 29, 30, § 109; Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2; Cic. Inv. 1, 50, 93; Hor. C. 1, 7, 3; 4, 4, 64; id. Ep. 1, 16, 74.—Hence,
1. Thēbānus , a, um, adj., of or belonging to Thebes, Theban: “Semele,” Hor. C. 1, 19, 2: “deus,” i. e. Hercules, Prop. 3, 18 (4, 17), 6: “urbs,” i. e. Thebes, Hor. A. P. 394: “duces,” i. e. Eteocles and Polynices, Prop. 2, 9, 50; “called also, Thebani fratres,” Luc. 4, 551: “soror,” their sister Antigone, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 67: “mater,” i. e. Niobe, Stat. Th. 1, 711: “modi,” i. e. Pindaric, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 13: “aenigma,” i. e. of the Theban Sphinx, Mart. 1, 91, 9 et saep. —Plur. subst.: Thēbāni , ōrum, m., the innabitants of Thebes, the Thebans, Cic. Fat. 4, 7; id. Rep. 4, 4.—
2. Thēbăïs , ĭdis, adj. f., Theban: “chelys,” i. e. of Amphion the Theban, Stat. S. 2, 2, 60: “hospes,” Sen. Agam. 315.—Substt.
a. Thēbăĭdes , um, f., the women of Thebes, Ov. M. 6, 163.—
b. Thēbăïs , ĭdis, f.
(α).
Sc. terra, the district of Thebes, in Upper Egypt, Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48; 12, 21, 46, § 100; 13, 4, 9, § 47 sq.—
(γ).
Sc. Musa, the song of Thebes (in Bœotia), the name of a poem by Statius, Stat. S. 3, 5, 36; id. Th. 12, 812; Juv. 7, 83.—
IV. A city in Cilicia, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 92.—Hence, Thēbāna , ae, f., the Theban dame, i. e. Andromache, the daughter of Eetion, king of Thebes in Mysia, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 29.
