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North America (search for this): chapter 5
tury it was hardly borne in mind that the Venetian and his son had, in two successive years, reached the continent of North America, before Columbus came upon the low coast of Guiana. But England acquired through their energy such a right to North North America, as this indisputable priority could confer. The successors of Henry VII. recognised the claims of Spain and Portugal, only so far as they actually occupied the territories to which they laid pretension; and, at a later day, the English pare both in the library of Harvard College. was 1500 appointed commander of the enterprise. He reached the shores of North America, ranged the coast for a 1501. distance of six or seven hundred miles, and carefully observed the country and its inh, Viages Menores, III. 43, 44. and is, perhaps, the only permanent trace of Portuguese adventure within the limits of North America. The French entered without delay into the competition for the commerce and the soil of America. Within seven yea
Newfoundland (Canada) (search for this): chapter 5
nd colonies established on the shores of Nova Scotia or Newfoundland. It is even suggested, that these early adventurers anf Bacallaos, which still lingers on the eastern side of Newfoundland, and has passed into the language of the Germans and th the discovery of the continent, 1504 the fisheries of Newfoundland were known to the hardy mariners of Brittany and Norman; who, amidst the miseries of France, still resorted to Newfoundland. There exists a letter Rut, in Purchas, III. 809. to Henry VIII., from the haven Aug 3. of St. John, in Newfoundland, written by an English captain, in which he declares, hes weather brought him in twenty days upon the coasts of Newfoundland. Having almost circumnavigated the island, he turned tfter a stormy voyage, that they arrived within sight of Newfoundland. Passing to the west of that island on the day of St. here were one 1578 hundred and fifty French vessels at Newfoundland, and regular voyages, for traffic with the natives, beg
Vermont (Vermont, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
ed the summit, he was moved to admiration by the prospect before him of woods, and waters, and mountains. Imagination presented it as the future emporium of inland commerce, and the metropolis of a prosperous province; filled with bright anticipations, he called the hill Mont-Real, Hakluyt, III. 272. and time, that has transferred the name to the island, is realizing his visions. Cartier also gathered of the Indians some indistinct account of the countries now contained in the north of Vermont and New York. Re joining his ships, the winter, rendered frightful by the ravages of the scurvy, was passed where they were anchored. At the approach of spring, a cross was solemnly erected upon land, and on it a shield was suspended, which bore the arms of France, and an inscription, declaring Francis to be the rightful king of these new-found regions. Having thus claimed pos- 1536 July 6. session of the territory, the Breton mariner once more regained St. Malo. The description whic
France (France) (search for this): chapter 5
ts name from their remembrance of home, and in France it was usual to esteem them the discoverers ofnfleur; and the fishermen of the north-west of France derived wealth from the regions, which, it waspeans. In July, Verrazzani was once more in France. His own narrative of the voyage is the earlid the knowledge of the country; and he gave to France some claim to an extensive territory, on the p of its fishermen; who, amidst the miseries of France, still resorted to Newfoundland. There existsso humble an interest. But Chabot, admiral of France, Charlevoix, Nouv. Fr. i 8. a man of bravee inhabitants of the north Chap. I.} 1540. of France; and no mines of silver and gold, no veins abo situated between nearly the same parallels as France. Soon after a short peace had terminated the t delay, and left 1604. Mar. 7. the shores of France, not to return till a permanent French settlemel was wrecked. Poutrincourt, who had visited France, and was now returned with supplies, himself r[16 more...]
St. Just (United Kingdom) (search for this): chapter 5
i 3 and 4. Memoire sur les Limites de l'acadie, 104—a good historic outline. a citizen of Honfleur; and the fishermen of the north-west of France derived wealth from the regions, which, it was reluctantly confessed, had been first visited by the Cabots. The fisheries had for some years been successfully pursued; savages from the north-eastern coast had been 1508 brought to France; Charlevoix, N. F. i. 4. plans of colonization in North 1518 America had been suggested by De Lery and Saint Just; L'Escarbot, 21. Memoire, &c. 104. when at length Francis I., a monarch who had invited Da Vinci and Cellini to transplant the fine arts into his kingdom, employed John Verrazzani, another Florentine, to explore the new regions, which had alike excited curi- 1523 osity and hope. It was by way of the isle of Madeira, that the Italian, parting from a fleet which had cruised successfully along the shores of Spain, sailed for Amer- 1524 Jan. 17. ica, See Verrazzani's letter to Franc
Bristol Bay (Rhode Island, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
of the Grand Cham. But he saw no human being whatsoever, although there were marks that the region was inhabited. He planted on the land a large cross with the flag of England, and from affection for the Republic of Venice, he added also the banner of St. Mark, which had never before been borne so far. On his homeward voyage he saw on his right hand two islands, which for want of provisions he could not stop to explore. After an absence of three months, the great discoverer re-entered Bristol harbor, where due honors awaited him. The king gave him money, and encouraged him to continue his career. The people called him the great admiral; he dressed in silk; and the English, and even Venetians who chanced to be at Bristol, ran after him with such zeal that he could enlist for a new voyage as many as he pleased. A second time Columbus had brought back tidings from the land and isles which were still described as the outposts of India. It appeared to be demonstrated that ships migh
Moulton (Alabama, United States) (search for this): chapter 5
f New York especially attracted notice, Chap. I.} 1524 April. for its great convenience and pleasantness; the eyes of the covetous could discern mineral wealth in the hills of New Jersey. Hakluyt, III. 360, 361. N. Y. Hist Coll. i. 52, 53. Moulton's New York, i. 138, 139. In the spacious haven of Newport, Verrazzani remained for fifteen days. The natives were the goodliest people that he had found in the whole voyage. They were liberal and friendly; yet so ignorant, that, though instruments of steel and iron were often exhibited, they did not form a conception of their use, nor learn to covet their possession. Hakluyt, III. 361. Moulton's New York, i. 147, 148. Miller, in N. Y. Hist. Coll. i. 25. Belknap's Am. Biog. i. 33. Leaving the waters of Rhode Island, the persevering 1524 May 5. mariner sailed along the whole coast of New England to Nova Scotia, till he approached the latitude of fifty degrees. The natives of the more northern region were hostile and j
Normandy (France) (search for this): chapter 5
erica. The French entered without delay into the competition for the commerce and the soil of America. Within seven years of the discovery of the continent, 1504 the fisheries of Newfoundland were known to the hardy mariners of Brittany and Normandy. Charlevoix, Hist. Gen. de la Nouv. Fr. i. 3, edition of 1744, 4 to.; Champlain's Voyages, i. 9. Navarette, &c. III. 176—180, argues against the statement in the text. Compare Memoir of Cabot, 316. The island of Cape Breton acquired its naons. The savages caused disquiet. But the persevering founder of Quebec appealed to the Royal Council and to Richelieu; and though disasters inter- 1627 vened, Champlain successfully established the authority of the French on the banks of the St. Lawrence, in the territory which became his country. The father of New France lies buried in the land which he colonized. Thus the humble industry of the fishermen of 1635 Normandy and Brittany promised their country the acquisition of an empire
Rouen (France) (search for this): chapter 5
e, a merchant of 1600 St. Malo, shared the traffic. The voyage was repeated, 1601-2 for it was lucrative. The death of Chauvin prevented his settling a colony. A firmer hope of success was entertained, when a 1603. company of merchants of Rouen was formed by the governor of Dieppe; and Samuel Champlain, of Brouage, an able marine officer and a man of science, was appointed to direct the expedition. By his natural disposition, delighting marvellously in these enterprises, Champlain becaquickened the courage of Champlain. After the short supremacy of Charles de Bourbon, the Prince of 1611, 1612. Conde, an avowed protector of the Calvinists, became viceroy of New France; through his intercession, mer- 1615. chants of St. Malo, Rouen, and La Rochelle, obtained a colonial patent from the king; and Champlain, now sure of success, embarked once more for the New World, accompanied by monks of the order of St. Francis. Again he invades the territory of the Iroquois in New York.
Pax Augusta (Spain) (search for this): chapter 5
s skill in navigation. On the death of Henry the Seventh he was called out of England by the command of Ferdinand, the Catholic king of Castile, and was appointed one of the Council for the New Indies, ever cherishing the hope to discover that hidden secret of nature, the direct passage to Asia. In 1518 he was named Pilot Major of Spain, and no 1518 one could guide a ship to the Indies whom he had not first examined and approved. He attended the congress which in April 1524 assembled at Badajoz 1524. to decide on the respective pretensions of Portugal and Spain to the islands of the Moluccas. He subsequently sailed to South America, under the auspices of Charles V., though not with entire success. On his return to his native land, he advanced its commerce by opposing a mercantile monopoly, and was pensioned and rewarded for his merits as the Great Seaman. It 1549. was he who framed the instructions for the expedition which discovered the passage to Archangel. He 1558. lived
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