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South Carolina (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
railroads running south from Richmond, while the remainder will proceed to the investment or attack upon Richmond, according to circumstances. Whether the investment of Richmond leads to the destruction or capture of the enemy's army or not, it certainly will lead to the capture of the rebel capital, and the war will be on a better footing than it is now or has any present prospect of being. The troops available for the movement are: the Army of the Potomac, the troops in Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina, with the exception of those necessary to hold the places now occupied, the regiments now in process of organization, and those who are on extra duty and furlough, deserters, and stragglers. The number of these last is enormous, and the most stringent measures must be taken to collect them—no excuse should be received for absence. Some of the troops in Western Virginia might also be detached. The transports should consist of ordinary steamers and large ferry-
Harper's Ferry (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
James River, last July, I cannot be mistaken in saying that lie distinctly advised the bringing of the army away from there. Yours, very truly, A. Lincoln. headquarters left Grand division, December 26, 1862. to the President: I respectfully acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 22d inst. In arguing the propriety of a campaign on the James River, we supposed Washington to be garrisoned sufficiently, and the Potomac impassable except by bridges. The fortification of Harper's Ferry is another important requisite. These matters were considered as of course, and did not enter into our discussion of the two plans of campaign. I presume that you are right in supposing that I advised the withdrawal of the army from James River in July last. I think that under the same circumstances I would give the same advice. The army was debilitated by what it had already gone through, was in an unhealthy position, its sick list was enormous, and there was a prospect that we woul
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 7
a feint; he might have made threatening demonstrations of attack with Sumner's command, and meanwhile, he might have thrown Hooker's two corps up by Banks' or United States Ford, to execute a turning movement on Lee's left. Hooker could have been strengthened almost indefinitely, and it is difficult to see why this operation shouooker, respectively commanders of Grand Divisions; and his first act on the return of the expedition was to prepare an order dismissing from the service of the United States Generals Hooker, Brooks, Cochrane, and Newton, and relieving from their commands in the Army of the Potomac, Generals Franklin, W. F. Smith, Sturgis, Ferrero, ; and General Hooker, the officer whose name stood in the order as head and front of all the offending, and who, by its terms, was dismissed the service of the United States, was by the President placed in command in his stead. General Burnside's career as head of the Army of the Potomac was as unfortunate as it was brief; and t
Marye's Heights (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
y being in position, opened fire as soon as the masses be came dense enough to warrant it. This fire was very destructive and demoralizing in its effects, and frequently made gaps in the enemy's ranks that could be seen at the distance of a mile.—Longstreet: Report of Fredericksburg. Longstreet, who held the position in the rear of Fredericksburg, forming the Confederate left, had taken up as his advance line the stone wall and rifle-trenches along the telegraph road, at the foot of Marye's Heights; and here he posted a brigade, afterwards re-enforced by another brigade. This position was first held by the brigade of R. R. Cobb, re-enforced in the afternoon by Kershaw's brigade, both of McLaws' division; and this small force, not exceeding seventeen hundred men, was all that was found necessary to repulse the numerous assaults made by the Union columns.—McLaws: Roports of the Army of Northern Virginia, vol. II., p. 445. But the whole plain was swept by a direct and converging
Mine Run (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
quence, on the supposition I have already stated, that, distraught and demented with the failure, General Burnside continued in sheer desperation to throw in division after division, to foredoomed destruction. But while this may explain, it will not justify General Burnside's conduct. It would have been well for him had the failure of the first assaults, and the disclosures they made of the strength and position of the enemy, given him pause in their repetition. When General Warren at Mine Run, after viewing the enemy's line, which, like that at Fredericksburg, was manifestly impregnable, declined to throw away the lives that had been placed in his charge, preferring with a noble sense of honor and duty to sacrifice himself rather than his command, that instinct of right which is never absent in a generous people, appreciated the motive and applauded the act. Had General Burnside followed the like prompting, he would have saved his name from association with a slaughter the mo
Aquia Creek (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
mond Railroad, three miles below the town. Lee: Report of Operations on the Rappahannock, p. 39. Day by day, new earthwork epaulements for the protection of artillery made their appearance on the Fredericksburg ridge, till, at the end of a few weeks, its terraced heights, crowned with the formidable enginery of war, presented an inferno of fire into which no man nor army would willingly venture. Nevertheless, action was imperative; and as soon as Burnside had established his base at Aquia Creek, and connected it with his front of operations by the restoration of the railroad, preparations were begun for a crossing of the Rappabannock. Now, from the situation of the opposing forces, this operation obviously resolved itself into the alternative of forcing a direct passage at Fredericksburg, or of making a turning movement on one or the other of the Confederate flanks. The formidable character of the Fredericksburg defences, plainly visible from the north bank, seemed to preclude
Port Royal, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
ed below to meet the threatened advance, and the purpose was abandoned. On the 3d of December, my division was sent to Port Royal, a few miles below Skenker's Neck, to prevent the crossing of the Yankees at or near that point.—General D. H. Hill: Rek. Up to the time of the battle of Fredericksburg, Longstreet's command held the heights at the town; Hill remained at Port Royal, and the rest of Jackson's corps was so disposed as to support Hill or Longstreet, as occasion might require.—Lee: Repo. H. Hill, arrived after a severe night's march from their respective encampments in the vicinity of Buckner's Neck and Port Royal—the troops of Hill being from fifteen to eighteen miles distant from the point to which they were ordered.—Jackson: Rephe plain, but had not proceeded far before he was compelled to stop and silence a battery that Stuart had posted on the Port Royal road, and which had a flank fire on his left. This done, he pushed on, his line preceded by a cloud of skirmishes, an
West Virginia (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
. The troops available for the movement are: the Army of the Potomac, the troops in Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina, with the exception of those necessary to hold the places now occupied, the regiments now in process of organization, and those who are on extra duty and furlough, deserters, and stragglers. The number of these last is enormous, and the most stringent measures must be taken to collect them—no excuse should be received for absence. Some of the troops in Western Virginia might also be detached. The transports should consist of ordinary steamers and large ferry-boats and barges. The ferry-boats may become of the greatest use in transporting troops across the James River. With the details of the movement we do not trouble you. Should the general idea be adopted, these can be thoroughly digested and worked out by the generals and their staffs to whom the execution of the plan is committed. Very respectfully, your obedient servants, W. B. Frankli
Falmouth, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
hat the army should move by the north bank of the Rappahannock to Falmouth, where by a ponton-bridge, the boats for which were to be forwarde Division led the van, and on the afternoon of the 17th it reached Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg. The town was at this time occupied by an his official report, says: The advance of General Sumner reached Falmouth on the afternoon of the 17th, and attempted to cross the Rappahan rg, which point his van reached two days after Sumner's arrival at Falmouth. A few days afterwards, Jackson's corps also was called up to thelonger the simple problem it had been when Sumner first drew up at Falmouth; for the rapidly arriving forces of Lee, gathering in strength on termined to make the passage at Skenker's Neck, twelve miles below Falmouth. But the preparations for this move were discovered by the enemy,d is itself dominated by an elevated plateau. This ridge is, from Falmouth down to where it touches Massaponax Creek about six miles long, an
Warrenton (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 7
l of the army. Upon assuming command of the army, General Burnside made at Warrenton a halt of ten days, during which time he endeavored to get the reins into histy presented by the scattered condition of Lee's forces when the army reached Warrenton. At that time the Confederate right, under Longstreet, was near Culpepper, aing into command of the army, drew up a plan of operations, which bears date, Warrenton, November 9, 1862, and is addressed to the general-in-chief. In this paper, and on the 15th of November, General Burnside put his columns in motion from Warrenton. In the march towards Fredericksburg, it was determined that the army shouldUnion army was now concentrated. At the time the army began its march from Warrenton, Longstreet's corps was at Culpepper Courthouse, and Jackson's corps (with thn, nothing can be imagined easier than for Lee, by a simple manoeuvre towards Warrenton, to have quickly recalled Burnside from his march towards Fredericksburg. Th
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