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Edward Porter Alexander, Military memoirs of a Confederate: a critical narrative, chapter 8 (search)
w Bridge, and passing in rear of Magruder and Huger to move by the Darbytown, the next road to the right. Ewell from Despatch Station was to rejoin Jackson. Jackson, with the largest force, was directed to pursue by the shortest and most direct route. He was to cross the Chickahominy over the Grapevine bridge, across which Porter had retreated, and which he had partially torn up, and to press directly upon McClellan's rear with his whole force. This comprised his own three brigades under Winder, Ewell's three, D. H. Hill's five, Whiting's two, and Lawton's one, — in all 14 brigades, nearly 25,000 strong. Looking back upon the course of events, it is interesting to inquire wherein lay the weakness of this order, apparently so simple and obvious in its execution. Yet the pursuit, from this moment, was bootless and a failure. It did capture a few guns and prisoners, but it paid for them in blood a price far beyond their value. There were two ways in which Lee might have pursued.
Edward Porter Alexander, Military memoirs of a Confederate: a critical narrative, chapter 9 (search)
's brigades had also fallen back. Ransom's brigade had come up to my support from Gen. Huger. It moved too far to the left and became mixed up with a mass of troops near the parsonage on the Quaker road, suffering much and effecting little. Gen. Winder was sent up by Gen. Jackson, but he came too late, and also went to the same belt of woods near the parsonage, already overcrowded with troops. Finally Gen. Ewell came up, but it was after dark, and nothing could be accomplished. I advised ht direct roads, and his troops having been least engaged during the Seven Days. Two of the four brigades of his own division had been so little exposed as to have had together but two killed and 26 wounded, in the whole campaign. His 3d brigade, Winder's, had had but 75 casualties at Gaines Mill, and 104 at Malvern. Lawton's brigade, and Ewell's and Whiting's divisions, had only been severely engaged at Gaines Mill. Longstreet, with A. P. Hill's and his own divisions, was on the 2d moved ar
Edward Porter Alexander, Military memoirs of a Confederate: a critical narrative, Chapter 10: Cedar Mountain (search)
o delay on Hill's part; and to Jackson's division (now commanded by Winder) getting ahead. Winder presently found his line of march intersectWinder presently found his line of march intersected by Ewell's. It was also charged that Hill showed little zeal, being offended that Jackson, with his usual reticence, had given him no infor about 3 P. M. on the 9th before Ewell's division on the right, and Winder's on the left, had formed line in front of Banks's corps, which hadson and opened upon the enemy's lines and batteries. The left of Winder's division rested along the front edge of a considerable body of wowith his whole force. The right of his line overlapped the left of Winder's division, and taking it in flank and pressing vigorously, it entie under Garnett, and threw the whole division into much confusion. Winder himself had been killed by a cannon-shot in the preliminary artille's brigades, and the line reestablished, by Branch's, Archer's, and Winder's brigades, was very desperate, as is shown by the casualties of so
Edward Porter Alexander, Military memoirs of a Confederate: a critical narrative, Chapter 12: Boonsboro or South Mountain, and Harper's Ferry (search)
gstreet'sMcLawsKershaw, Semmes, Cobb, Barksdale5 Anderson, R. H.Wilcox, Armistead, Mahone, Pryor, Featherstone, Wright4 Jones, D. R.Toombs, Drayton, Garnett, Kemper, Jenkins, Anderson, G. T.4 Walker, J. G.Walker, J. G. Ransom2 EvansEvans, Hood, Law3 Reserve ArtilleryWashington Artillery, Lee's Battalion10 Total 1st Corps5 Divisions21 Brigades, 28 Batteries, 112 Guns28 2d Corps Jackson'sEwellLawton, Trimble, Early, Hays7 Hill, A. P.Branch, Archer, Gregg, Pender, Field, Thomas7 JacksonWinder, Jones, J. K., Taliaferro, Starke6 Hill, D. H.Ripley, Garland, Rodes, Anderson, G. B. Colquitt4 Total 2d Corps4 Divisions19 Brigades, 24 Batteries, 100 Guns24 ArtilleryPendletonPendleton's Reserve, 58 Guns12 CavalryStuartHampton, Lee F., Robertson, 14 Guns3 Aggregate2 Corps, 10 Divisions43 Brigades, 284 guns, 55,000 Men67 CORPSDIVISIONSBRIGADESBATTS. 1st CorpsKingPhelps, Doubleday, Patrick, Gibbon4 HookerRickettsDuryea, Christian, Hartsuff2 MeadeSeymour, Magilton, Gallagher4 2d
Edward Porter Alexander, Military memoirs of a Confederate: a critical narrative, Chapter 13: Sharpsburg or Antietam (search)
y41923 Total126826871039 Evans's Brigade4018565290 S. D. Lee's Art.117586 Washington Art.428234 Agg. Longstreet's Corps986525413107550 BRIGADESKILLEDWOUNDEDMISSINGTOTAL 986525413107550 Ewell's Div. Lawton10644721574 Trimble272038238 Early181679194 Hays452892336 Total1961106401342 A. P. Hill's Div. Branch241544182 Archer22161183 Gregg381882228 Pender12103115 Field Field's not engaged. Thomas Thomas's brigade absent. Total966066708 J. R. Jones's Div. Winder117788 Johnson, B. T. Johnson made no brigade report, but losses have been estimated to conform to the division report.36116152 Taliaferro41132173 Starke8118917287 Total16951417700 D. H. Hill's Div. Ripley110506124740 Garland46210187443 Rodes111289225625 Anderson64299202565 Colquitt129518184831 Hill's Art430337 Total46418529253241 Reserve Artillery347 Cavalry1045661 Agg. Jackson's Corps93841279946059 Grand Aggregate Confed.19249381230413,609 Federal casualties
tured on board the privateer Jefferson Davis, was tried, and convicted of piracy, in Philadelphia. There were fourteen of these men, in all, and the following order from Mr. Benjamin, the Acting Secretary of War of the Confederate States, to General Winder, in charge of Federal prisoners, in Richmond, will show how much in earnest President Davis was, when he wrote the above letter to President Lincoln:— Sir:—You are hereby instructed to choose, by lot, from among the prisoners of war, of h the infamous attempt now made by the enemy, to commit judicial murder on prisoners of war, you will execute them, strictly, as the mode best calculated to prevent the commission of so heinous a crime. The list of hostages, as returned by General Winder, was as follows: Colonels Corcoran, Lee, Cogswell, Wilcox, Woodruff, and Wood; Lieutenant-Colonels Bowman, and Neff; Majors Potter, Revere, and Vogdes, and Captains Ricketts, McQuade, and Rockwood. These measures had the desired effect; the
the available forces of the State, exempting, however, any one who will return an absentee to the army. G. T. Beauregard. Telegram. Augusta, Feb. 6th, 1865. To Commanding Officer, Columbia, S. C.: It is still uncertain whether enemy, after reaching Branchville, will move on Augusta, Columbia, or Charleston. He may move on two last at once, without our being able to check him long. Make, accordingly, all necessary preparations. Communicate this to Governor Magrath and General Winder. G. T. Beauregard. Telegram. Grahams, Feb. 6th, 1865:11.50 P. M. Genl. Beauregard: Enemy will certainly take possession of railroad to-morrow, and I shall get between him and Augusta. I have sent one brigade to reinforce Colonel Crews, who is now between enemy and Augusta; should he move towards Columbia I will cross bridge above and get in his front. I have ordered all bridges below Holman's bridge destroyed. J. Wheeler, Major-Genl. Telegram. Charleston,
on soon divined the purposes of General Pope. This vain man, who had pompously announced to his troops that his headquarters would be in the saddle, felt the power of our great warrior first at the battle of Cedar Mountain. The fight took place on one of the hottest days of summer. The Federal troops were terribly worsted and driven in confusion from the field, leaving their dead and wounded and many prisoners in our hands. The South was called to deplore the loss of many brave men. General Winder, who commanded the Stonewall brigade, was killed on the field, and a number of other gallant officers and men here gave their lives to the holy cause. This blow from Jackson was an earnest of what was soon to follow. Withdrawing from the vicinity of Cedar Mountain, he completely deceived the enemy, and began that famous flank movement which brought him so unexpectedly to the rear of Pope's army. The Federals in great force had spent weeks in and around the town of Warrenton, Fauquie
John G. B. Adams, Reminiscences of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiment, Chapter 16: the capture and return to Columbia. (search)
tenant who was quite intimate with the rebel officers. A committee was appointed to investigate. Before night a notice was posted on the bulletin board that General Winder has ordered that unless tunnelling is stopped all buildings, tents, lumber and shelter of any kind will be removed from the yard, and that he will use force f to try him, all believed that he was the man, and we did not see him after we left Columbia. February 8 was a day of thanksgiving. News was received that General Winder was dead. He was commander of all the prisoners and largely responsible for our treatment. Before the war he was a citizen of Baltimore, and was selected fot. The information was given us in this way. The prison was calm and still, when the voice of Lieut. David Garbett was heard: Hell has received reinforcements; Winder is dead. A cheer went up from every man in the prison. If the guards knew the cause of our joy they made no effort to stop it. February 13 a meeting was held
courage and self-command never deserted him in the most trying moments of his life, coolly reviewed the situation and laid his plans in a systematic manner for future operations. The next day, he busied himself about the city, delivering his letters, forming acquaintances, and paving the way for an interview with the Secretary of War, his object being to obtain from that high official, if possible, a pass to Manassas and Winchester. He was informed by General Jones, PostAdjutant to General Winder, the Provost-Marshal at Richmond, and commander of the forces there, that no interview could be obtained with the Secretary of War, except upon business especially connected with the military department, as they were daily expecting an attack from the Federal Army of the Potomac, and the Secretary was wholly engaged with officers of the army. Among the acquaintances which Webster formed, was a young man by the name of William Campbell, originally a Baltimorean, to whom he brought a le